Law Commons^™

Transfers From Retirement Plans To Charities And Charitable Remainder Trusts: Laws, Issues And Opportunities, Christopher R. Hoyt

Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Unpacking Limited Liability: Direct And Vicarious Liability Of Corporate Participants For Torts Of The Enterprise, Robert B. Thompson

Vanderbilt Law Review

The corporate form limits the liability of shareholders and other participants arising from the enterprise. This broad insulation shields corporate participants not only from vicarious liability for the acts of others, but even from liability for some of their own acts taken in the corporate name. The liability that is avoided does not disap- pear into a black hole; it falls onto another person. If the liability is shifted to a tort victim, the use of the corporate form seems particularly troublesome, permitting the enterprise to externalize part of the cost of doing business. This limitation seems inconsistent with the …

Foreword: Understanding The Place Of Limited Liability Companies In The Spectrum Of Business Forms, Charles O'Kelley

Faculty Articles

This article is the forward to the Symposium on Oregon's Limited Company Act. For most of this century, state law has provided participants in jointly-owned business ventures with three principal business forms the corporation, the general partnership, and the limited partnership. In the past four years, over two-thirds of the states, including Oregon, have enacted legislation authorizing a new business form-the limited liability company (LLC). It appears likely that the LLC will soon supplant the two forms of partnership as a principal business form, and that it will challenge the corporation as the form of choice for closely held firms.

Liberalization Of India’S Trade And Investment Policies: Pitfalls And Advantages For U.S. Firms Doing Business In India, Sanjiv Verma

LLM Theses and Essays

A rich history of trade and commerce ties America to India. This paper examines the contemporary trade issues between America and India, particularly in light of recent economic reforms in India. It inquires into and analyzes the various advantages India can provide for US businesses as a foreign investment destination. Various barriers to trade between these two nations are identified, such as tariff and nontariff barriers, quota restrictions, and infrastructural and social barriers. This paper gives a brief overview of some of the recent economic policy changes in India, suggests legislative and policy improvements required to attract more US investments …

Administrative Aspects Of State Corporation Law, M. Thomas Arnold

University of Richmond Law Review

Modern state corporation statutes are primarily enabling rather than regulatory in nature. In spite of this, there are certain administrative aspects of such statutes with which an attorney practicing in the corporate area must be familiar. This article discusses these administrative aspects of state corporation law.

Proxy Reform As A Means Of Increasing Shareholder Participation In Corporate Governance: Too Little, But Not Too Late , Carol Goforth

American University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Annual Survey Of Virginia Law: Business And Corporate Law, Thomas E. Repke

University of Richmond Law Review

This article reviews recent developments in the law affecting Virginia businesses and corporations. Part II discusses several acts of the 1994 session of the Virginia General Assembly that amend Virginia's corporate, partnership, and limited liability company statutes. Part III discusses recent judicial decisions in Virginia courts that address business and corporate law issues.

Table Of Contents - Cardozo Law Review, Volume 15, Issue 4

Cardozo Law Review

No abstract provided.

Hail Britannia?: Institutional Investor Behavior Under Limited Regulation, John C. Coffee Jr., Bernard S. Black

Faculty Scholarship

A central puzzle in understanding the governance of large American public firms is why most institutional shareholders are passive. Why would they rather sell than fight? Until recently, the Berle-Means paradigm – the belief that separation of ownership and control naturally characterizes the modern corporation – reigned supreme. Shareholder passivity was seen as an inevitable result of the scale of modern industrial enterprise and of the collective action problems that face shareholders, each of whom owns only a small fraction of a large firm's shares.

A paradigm shift may be in the making, however. Rival hypotheses have recently been offered …

Decoupling Sales Law From The Acceptance-Rejection Fulcrum, Jody S. Kraus

Faculty Scholarship

The determination of whether the buyer has accepted or rejected goods provides the sales law solution to the problems of allocating burden of proof, assigning duties to salvage goods in failed transactions, and reducing systematic undercompensation. But one doctrine is unlikely to provide the best solution to each of these distinct problems. Decoupling the rules addressing burden of proof, salvage, and undercompensation from the doctrines of acceptance and rejection, and thus from one another, would significantly improve sales law.

This strategy has a distinguished precedent in the history of sales law. Karl Llewellyn based his objection to the doctrine of …

Institutions As Relational Investors: A New Look At Cumulative Voting, Jeffrey N. Gordon

Faculty Scholarship

The hostile takeover may have become a receding memory, but the problem that the market in corporate control purported to address nevertheless remains. In a world of imperfect competition, the product, capital, and managerial markets may temporarily indulge suboptimal performance by a firm's managers. As cases such as GM, Sears, American Express, and IBM illustrate, a firm with a substantial franchise and substantial financial reserves can sustain deteriorating economic performance over a significant period, resulting in a long slow slide of economic values. Shareholders and society generally will benefit from a mechanism that replaces the firm's incumbent managers well before …

The Politics Of Article 9, Robert E. Scott

Faculty Scholarship

In the ongoing debate concerning the efficiency and social value of Article 9 of the Uniform Commercial Code, two points are beyond dispute. First, asset-based financing has undergone an enormous transformation since the enactment of Article 9. The most vivid illustration of this is the dramatic increase in the number and size of firms that rely on secured credit as their principal means of financing both ongoing operations and growth opportunities. Previously, with a few exceptions (such as factoring and trust receipts), secured financing principally had served second-class markets as the "poor man's" means of obtaining credit. Now, it has …

The Limited Liability Company Act: Understanding Kentucky's New Organizational Option, Thomas E. Rutledge, Lady E. Booth

Kentucky Law Journal

No abstract provided.

The Forgotten Link: Control In Section 482, Wayne M. Gazur

Publications

The foundation of international taxable income allocations between related parties is formed by the imposition of an arm's length standard. The presence of "control" over a person invokes this measure. The author examines the implications of control presented by continuing developments in the global business environment, including the rise of cooperative interfirm arrangements.

Recent Developments In The Income Taxation Of Individuals, Trusts, Estates And Partnerships, Meade Emory

William & Mary Annual Tax Conference

No abstract provided.

Qualified Employee Benefit Plans - Legislation, Regulation And Compliance, Thomas D. Terry

William & Mary Annual Tax Conference

No abstract provided.

Choice Of Entity, Peter L. Faber

William & Mary Annual Tax Conference

No abstract provided.

Changing Places: Tax Treatment Of Changes In Choice Of Entity, Richard M. Lipton

William & Mary Annual Tax Conference

No abstract provided.

Formation And Operation Of The Limited Liability Company: Substantive Tax Issues, Allan G. Donn

William & Mary Annual Tax Conference

No abstract provided.

The Revised Uniform Partnership Act: The Reporters' Overview, Donald J. Weidner, John W. Larson

Scholarly Publications

This Article is a brief overview of what the Reporters believe to be the four basic contributions of the Revised Uniform Partnership Act (RUPA or Act). First, RUPA changes the law of partnership breakups and gives greater stability to partnerships by abandoning the traditional rule that a partnership is dissolved every time a member leaves. Second, RUPA makes clear that partners are not fiduciaries among themselves in the same sense as disinterested trustees. Specifically, RUPA states that partners legitimately may pursue self-interest without automatically running afoul of their fiduciary duties. On the other hand, RUPA provides an irreducible core of …

Shift Of Fiduciary Duty Upon Corporate Insolvency: Proper Scope Of Directors' Duty To Creditors, Laura Lin

Vanderbilt Law Review

In the wake of the debt binge of the 1980s, the number of financially distressed corporations has increased dramatically.' Because a struggling company rarely ceases operations overnight, directors still need to make investment and operational decisions concerning the best use of the company's existing assets. This need remains whether the firm will regain profitability or will be liquidated. Financial distress also intensifies conflicts of interest between shareholders and creditors. Indeed, when these constituencies are unable to recover their investments in the corporation because of insufficient assets, both shareholders and creditors have incentives to maximize their individual returns regard- less of …

Labor Law Successorship: A Corporate Law Approach, Edward B. Rock, Michael L. Wachter

Michigan Law Review

In this article, we take an approach fundamentally different from that of the labor law commentators. We start from a broader perspective than is common: successorship is as important an issue for corporate law as it is for labor law. Given that the two principal inputs to the firm are labor and capital, it would be surprising if the laws for labor law successorship were completely different from the laws for corporate law successorship. To the extent that differences exist, those differences should hinge upon differences between the employees' and the creditors' relationships with the firm.

Limitations On Corporate Speech: Protection For Shareholders Or Abridgement Of Expression?, Alan J. Meese

William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal

No abstract provided.

Quarterly Report - Fall 1993, Nova University

The Quarterly Report

No abstract provided.

Department Of Corporations, M. Bontems

California Regulatory Law Reporter

No abstract provided.

Cooperative Joint Ventures In European Community Competition Law, Paul J. De Rosa

Buffalo Law Review

No abstract provided.

From Legitimacy To Logic: Reconstructing Proxy Regulation, Jill E. Fisch

Vanderbilt Law Review

On October 16, 1992, after a comprehensive review of its system of proxy regulation and after two separate amendment proposals that drew more than 1700 letters of comment from the public, the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "Commission" or the "SEC") voted to reform the federal proxy rules. The reforms were "intended to facilitate shareholder communications and to enhance informed proxy voting, and to reduce the cost of compliance with the proxy rules for all persons engaged in a proxy solicitation.' The SEC explained the amendments by stating that the rules were "impeding shareholder communication and participation in the corporate …

A Socio-Economic Approach To The Japanese Corporate Governance Structure, Marleen A. O'Connor

Washington and Lee Law Review

No abstract provided.

New Approaches To Corporate Law, Lyman P. Q. Johnson

Washington and Lee Law Review

No abstract provided.

Contracts And Communities In Corporation Law, William T. Allen

Washington and Lee Law Review

No abstract provided.