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2020

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Articles 1051 - 1080 of 1494

Full-Text Articles in Systems Science

Terminal Guidance Radar Modeling Research Based On Feature Parameter Stream, Anmin Zhang, Lianhu Cui Jun 2020

Terminal Guidance Radar Modeling Research Based On Feature Parameter Stream, Anmin Zhang, Lianhu Cui

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Aiming at the contradiction between computation and fidelity of terminal guidance radar model, the essential need of simulation was analyzed. Comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the existing radar electronic warfare modeling and simulation method, a modeling method was proposed based on feature parameter stream, building terminal guidance radar model for behavior description, giving the model parameter correction method based on historical test data, and combining the modeling and historical test information together. The comparison of the simulation and test results shows that, it can accurately describe the behavior of terminal guidance radar using the least amount of …

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Maneuver Models Tracking Filter Of Nonballistic Near Space Targets, Qin Lei, Junlong Li Jun 2020

Maneuver Models Tracking Filter Of Nonballistic Near Space Targets, Qin Lei, Junlong Li

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Because hypersonic vehicles in the near space often adopt the way of nonballistic maneuver flight with characteristics of high speed and lift-to-drag ratio, flying in atmosphere for a long time, whose motion trajectories are sometimes characterized by “hopping”, their flight altitudes, flight velocities and flight accelerations change. Targets maneuver are characterized by long period maneuver, which has brought great difficulties with ground defense system for maneuvering target localization and tracking. Traditional filtering algorithms obviously cannot give accurate target state estimation, tracking performance has declined. The overview of tracking filter ways was given, introducing four typical nonballistic maneuver models of …

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Evaluation And Analysis Of Land Intensive Utilization Based On Parameters Optimization Of Svm, Chen Li, Jiaojiao Li, Shulu Xiao Jun 2020

Evaluation And Analysis Of Land Intensive Utilization Based On Parameters Optimization Of Svm, Chen Li, Jiaojiao Li, Shulu Xiao

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Based on relevant literature research of evaluation on intensive land-use both at home and abroad, the theory of Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Ant Colony Algorithm (ACO) was discussed. A new method of Correlation Coefficient, the Ant Colony Algorithm and Support Vector Machine (cACO-SVM) was proposed, which analyzed the relevant indicators to determine index set, using ACO, optimization of SVM parameters to draw a good penalty factor C and kernel function sigma and epsilon insensitive coefficient and training SVM, the method improved the training accuracy. Optimization of the land intensive utilization evaluation based on cACO-SVM was put forward, comparing …

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Numerical Simulation And Aerodynamic Effect Research For Multi-Warhead Projection, Yuan Wu Jun 2020

Numerical Simulation And Aerodynamic Effect Research For Multi-Warhead Projection, Yuan Wu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: In order to study the complex aerodynamic problem in multi-warhead projection, and also establish the practical analysis method for nonlinear aerodynamic characteristics, the separation process was simulated by using CFD technology as well as Monte Carlo method for a statistical research, while effects of the projection condition, multi-body intervene and unsteady characteristic during the separation process were discussed. The present research shows that the main forms of the submunition movement are radial separation and pitching movement; the direction of mass center motion and attitude motion is determined by the projection condition, however the attitude motion is also sensitive to …

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Research On Reactor Modeling Simulation Based On Neutron Equivalence Homogeneous Theory, Ma Jin, Zhibin Liu, Bingshu Wang, Xinhui Duan Jun 2020

Research On Reactor Modeling Simulation Based On Neutron Equivalence Homogeneous Theory, Ma Jin, Zhibin Liu, Bingshu Wang, Xinhui Duan

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: A mathematical nuclear CANada Deuterium Uranium (CANDU) reactor steady and transient modelling simulation is built to get the axial thermal power distribution. With a relatively small number of nodes (100-500 nodes) to present the core, based upon two energy group Neutron Diffusion Formulation and a typical spatial discretization, according to equivalence theory and homogeneous method, this is accomplished by properly defining the nuclear properties (absorption and fission cross sections, diffusion coefficient, etc.) characterizing each of the nodes finished. The 390 channels thermal power distribution is calculated under Linux language environment. The thermal power difference is within 5% error with …

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Study Of Im Parameter Identification Using Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization With Proportional Guided Strategy, Huang Song, Tian Na, Wang Yan, Zhicheng Ji Jun 2020

Study Of Im Parameter Identification Using Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization With Proportional Guided Strategy, Huang Song, Tian Na, Wang Yan, Zhicheng Ji

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: A multi-parameter and multi-objective identification model of induction motor was established, and a multi-objective particle swarm optimization based on Pareto set and all personal-best positions guided strategy was proposed and applied to the identification model. Not considerring the weighted coefficient of each objective, Pareto set is able to avoid subjective choice of the coefficients of multi-objective identification and proportion strategy with all personal-best positions guided could balance the learning ability from personal-best positions and global-best position. Having verified the performance on Matlab/Simulink, the results show that the proposed algorithm is able to improve parameter identification accuracy, and has …

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Study On Influence Of Community Structure On Opinion Topic Propagation Of Micro-Blog, Hengmin Zhu, Hu Wei, Ma Jing, Wei Jing Jun 2020

Study On Influence Of Community Structure On Opinion Topic Propagation Of Micro-Blog, Hengmin Zhu, Hu Wei, Ma Jing, Wei Jing

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Micro-blog gathers a large number of users, and community structure is a typical feature of Micro-blog network. In order to explore the influence of community structure on the opinion topic propagation of Micro-blog, users' psychology was analyzed for selecting their followees, and a model for constructing Micro-blog network was proposed which could modify community structure of network with a community factor. Experiments testify the effect of the community factor on micro-blog network structure, and use a SIR model to analyze the influence of different topic source nodes and community factors on the topic propagation of simulated networks. The result …

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Simulation Investigation Of Rumor Spreading Model Base On Two-Layer Scale-Free Networks, Zhihua Qin, Yongmei Liu Jun 2020

Simulation Investigation Of Rumor Spreading Model Base On Two-Layer Scale-Free Networks, Zhihua Qin, Yongmei Liu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Relationship network is a carrier of rumor spreading. Separating the media from the relationship network, a two-tier rumor spreading model was proposed based on tunable clustering scale-free network and SIQR spreading model. Meanwhile the rumor spreading rules of the new model were developed. In simulation experiments, the influence associated with the three parameters of the media layer was analyzed by using the Mult-Agent system Netlogo4.0.2. It is found that improving the sensitivity of the media, regulating media ethics and expanding the scope of the media can curb the spread of rumors.

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Modeling And Simulation Of Magnetostrictive Impact Drive Mechanism, Zhao Ran, Quanguo Lu Jun 2020

Modeling And Simulation Of Magnetostrictive Impact Drive Mechanism, Zhao Ran, Quanguo Lu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: A model of magnetostrictive impact drive mechanism (IDM) was built to predict the step size and velocity, in which the dynamical model and the second order non-linear model of magnetostrictive material based on Jiles-Atherton model were considered. The simulation model was developed by utilizing MATLAB /Simulink software, and the data of IDM's displacement and velocity was obtained based on the model. The experimental system was built to testify the given model. The results illustrate that the error between experiment and simulation results are less than 15% within the range of driving current 0.2~0.4A and working frequency 10~100Hz. The …

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Simulation And Analysis On Coupled Vibration Of Fracturing Truck Process, Chuan Wang, Zhenqiang Xie, Guorong Wang, Shimin Zhang, Hou Wen, Li Jun, Zhou Xu, Chu Fei Jun 2020

Simulation And Analysis On Coupled Vibration Of Fracturing Truck Process, Chuan Wang, Zhenqiang Xie, Guorong Wang, Shimin Zhang, Hou Wen, Li Jun, Zhou Xu, Chu Fei

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: In order to study the effect of vibration of engine and fracturing pump on truck body during fracturing operation, lumped parameter method and state space method were used to build multi-body dynamics coupling model between the balanced suspension, tires, engine, fracturing pump and the frame. Based on this model, the MATLAB/Simulink software was applied to simulate the characteristic of rotational speed, stiffness and damping of the 2 500 fracturing truck during fracturing operation. The results show that the maximum intensity of vertical vibration is stronger hundreds times than pitch motion. Vibration frequency range of 0~10 Hz …

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Parameters Optimization For Variable Speed And Pitch Controller Of Wind Turbine Based On Bladed, Gao Feng, Wang Wei, Xinmei Ling Jun 2020

Parameters Optimization For Variable Speed And Pitch Controller Of Wind Turbine Based On Bladed, Gao Feng, Wang Wei, Xinmei Ling

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Due to nonlinearity and time-varying parameters of wind power system, its controller parameters are hard to be calculated and tuned during the process of design and optimization. The linear model which is suitable for parameters tuning was built through model linearization of Bladed and model reducing-order algorithm. The PI parameter was tuned with the IM-PSO (Immune Memory Particle Swarm Optimization). Moreover, the gain coefficient of optimal torque control and the gain divisor of adaptive PI pitch control conducted optimizing calculation based on the identification parameters of Bladed. A set of optimization method for variable speed and pitch controller …

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Decoupling Control Of Poultry Hatching Process Based On Α-Order Neural Network Inverse System, Guoxiong Zhou, Junchao Li, Aibin Chen Jun 2020

Decoupling Control Of Poultry Hatching Process Based On Α-Order Neural Network Inverse System, Guoxiong Zhou, Junchao Li, Aibin Chen

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The poultry hatching process is a complex biological process, in which coupling between temperature, humidity and oxygen concentration is serious, and conventional control methods can not guarantee the stability of three parameters. An α-order inverse system decoupling control method for poultry hatching process was proposed. The three factors were grouped by coupling degree analysis, using α-order neural network inverse system to control the two parameters whose coupling degree is stronger, another parameter would be controlled by fuzzy controller, thus ensuring the stability of the three parameters. The experimental results show the effectiveness of this method.

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Performance Evaluation Of Automated Warehouse Based On Markov Chain, Xiangguo Ma, Tongjuan Liu, Wang Li, Rongfen Jiang Jun 2020

Performance Evaluation Of Automated Warehouse Based On Markov Chain, Xiangguo Ma, Tongjuan Liu, Wang Li, Rongfen Jiang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: It is necessary that the way of evaluating the AS/RS is scientific and feasible. However the majority of existing evaluate methods is static and qualitative, whose analysis results deviation, to a certain extent, from the real data. To support the improvement of the AS/RS use, the performance of AS/RS with a dynamic and quantitative method was analyzed. Specifically, the automated stereoscopic warehouse performance evaluation indicators were established; by using Marco analysis, the mathematical model of performance evaluation was got; based on ARENA software, the feasibility and validity of the mathematical solution model were verified.

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Novel Distance Measure Between Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets, Luo Xiao, Weimin Li Jun 2020

Novel Distance Measure Between Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets, Luo Xiao, Weimin Li

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Distance measure is a basic and crucial notion of set theory. Since the intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs) were put forward, distance between IFSs has been widely concerned by some researchers and many types of measures have been proposed. Most of them have counter-intuitive cases and ignore the characteristics of three parameter properties of IFSs. The concept of fuzzy distance was introduced, which embodied the characteristics of classical distance and highlights the characteristics of hesitance index simultaneously. A new fuzzy distance measure was proposed, and the corresponding proof was included. An artificial benchmark test set of distance measure was constructed …

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Construction Method Of Reconnaissance Assistant Decision Model, Guo Rui, Xiaoyuan He, Zhu Feng Jun 2020

Construction Method Of Reconnaissance Assistant Decision Model, Guo Rui, Xiaoyuan He, Zhu Feng

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The fog of war in modern battlefield information big data generated by the judgment of the battlefield commander had a strong interference, which could increase the difficulty of decision-making. The use of reconnaissance and early warning forces is the beginning of mastering the initiative of the battlefield. Intelligent auxiliary investigation command is to achieve this goal. On the basis of the simulation system field data of a certain operations, through extracting the key information of reconnaissance order, combined with establishing the labels of reconnaissance effect, an auxiliary decision model aimed at reconnaissance and early warning is designed. This model …

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Implementation And Application Of Complex System Modeling And Simulation Language Compiler, Zhou Wen, Chi Peng, Bohu Li, Song Xiao Jun 2020

Implementation And Application Of Complex System Modeling And Simulation Language Compiler, Zhou Wen, Chi Peng, Bohu Li, Song Xiao

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Simulation language is a key technology of integrated simulation based design software environment. A difficulty of developing simulation language is the compiler that automatically transfers simulation language Semantics to programming language such as C++. The contents and features of CMSL were introduced. And a compiler which could analyze simulation text written in CMSL was implemented. A decouple method for Discrete System was proposed and integrated in the compiler. The features object-oriented and components oriented of CMSL were verified by an example with its ability to describe discrete system.

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Modeling And Dynamic Research Based On Ritz Series For Ball Screw Drive System, Rongrong Qian, Minzhou Luo, Jianghai Zhao, Li Tao, Li Lu Jun 2020

Modeling And Dynamic Research Based On Ritz Series For Ball Screw Drive System, Rongrong Qian, Minzhou Luo, Jianghai Zhao, Li Tao, Li Lu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: To analyze the vibration performance of the ball screw drive system, the finite element model (FEM) of the simplified system by Ansys/Workbench was given to acquire the vibration mode and shape. Based on the vibration shape calculated from FEM, a set of hybrid basis function was used to generate the new Ritz series for building the system motion equation of the axial and torsional vibration. The pitch of the ball screw was considered in the method. A mathematical model which was easy to design the controller was developed. Through the numerical simulation, the modal characteristics and shape of …

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Thermal And Electric Load Coupling Analysis And Decoupling Coordinated Control In Heat Supply Units, Tuoyu Deng, Tian Liang, Jizhen Liu Jun 2020

Thermal And Electric Load Coupling Analysis And Decoupling Coordinated Control In Heat Supply Units, Tuoyu Deng, Tian Liang, Jizhen Liu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Due to large scale wind power integration, heat supply units hardly meet the AGC (automatic generation control) requirement by the existed coordinated control system. It is necessary to analyze coupling characteristics of thermal and electric load thoroughly. A transfer function matrix including characteristics of heat supply part was gained by small deviation linearization of a dynamic unit's model. Coupling characteristics was analyzed based on variable pairings of the existed coordinated control system and decouplers were designed. Relative gain matrix measure and simulation were used to compare the coupling extent before and after decoupling. Simulation experiments show that adding static …

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Travel Time Prediction Of Urban Road Based On Deep Learning, Weiwei Zhang, Ruimin Li, Zhongjiao Xie Jun 2020

Travel Time Prediction Of Urban Road Based On Deep Learning, Weiwei Zhang, Ruimin Li, Zhongjiao Xie

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Travel time prediction of urban road is a significant support for urban intelligent transportation system. Four types of LSTM neural network architecture were selected to predict the urban road travel time. The number of nodes in the LSTM hidden layer was fixed to determine the optimal input length of the model. The input length of the model was fixed and the predictive performance of the four LSTM models under different hidden layer nodes and considering spatial correlation were tested respectively. The performance of spatial LSTM model was compared with four traditional models, for example, BP neural network. The results …

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Image Retrieval Using Weighted Vocabulary Tree With Location Information, Chen Ying, Jiayu Guo Jun 2020

Image Retrieval Using Weighted Vocabulary Tree With Location Information, Chen Ying, Jiayu Guo

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Aiming at the positional information ignorance problem in image retrieval based on SIFT feature matching, an image retrieval approach using weighted vocabulary tree based on the spatial location information was proposed. The vocabulary tree is used in the method to quantify SIFT features as the visual words, converting the image match into the visual words' weight vector match. Because only visual words' weight match ignored the mutual position effect, SIFT points' spatial location information was generated, and was classified into the position effect of visual words according to affiliation between SIFT points and visual words. The spatial location information …

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Effect Of Properties Of Synchronous Belt On Vibration Characteristics Of A Polishing Machine, Baibing Sun, Zhongyu Piao Jun 2020

Effect Of Properties Of Synchronous Belt On Vibration Characteristics Of A Polishing Machine, Baibing Sun, Zhongyu Piao

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: To form slurry film, hydrodynamic-suspension polishing machine needs polishing clearance extremely small, so any slight vibration will make tremendous influence on machining. The effect of different properties of synchronous belt on vibration characteristics of polishing machine was simulated by Workbench. Motion analysis shows the parameters which influence on transverse vibration of synchronous belt. Orthogonal test was designed and simulation was made by using above parameters. The results released that the material played an important role than the belt width and tension force. According to actual situation, optimum combination was obtained. Consequently, the stability of the machine was obviously improved. …

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Modeling Of Steam Turbine's Governing System During Main Steam Valve Activity Test And Control Optimization, Sheng Kai, Shuangjian Peng, Xun Xin, Bochun Wang, Fu Qiang Jun 2020

Modeling Of Steam Turbine's Governing System During Main Steam Valve Activity Test And Control Optimization, Sheng Kai, Shuangjian Peng, Xun Xin, Bochun Wang, Fu Qiang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: A Model of 300 MW thermal power unit's governing system of steam turbine is established to analyze its load fluctuation during main steam valve activity test. The model contains three sub-models; they are the model of turbine's governor during main steam valve activity test, the model of electric-hydraulic servo actuator, and the model of turbine considering governing valve's discharge characteristic. The analyses on these models indicate that mismatch among control model, configuration of DEH (Digital Electric Hydraulic Control System) and characteristic of the unit is the cause of load fluctuation. Through simulation, the method for load fluctuation suppression was …

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Scheduling Problem Of Unidirectional Material Handling System With Short-Cut, Juntao Li, Kun Xia, Kise Hiroshi Jun 2020

Scheduling Problem Of Unidirectional Material Handling System With Short-Cut, Juntao Li, Kun Xia, Kise Hiroshi

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Unidirectional circulation-type material handling system on a single loop with a shortcut is a typical and basic unit in a flexible manufacturing system or logistics system. It is widely used in semiconductor wafer fabrication system. Superposition efficiency of the basic unit often determines the one of the whole system. Different scheduling rules impact the interference between AGVs and then have an important effect on the efficiency of the whole system. To decrease the interference and improve performance of the system, a mathematical model of this system was made, analyzing this system by simulation and comparing the merits and …

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Research On Highline Cable Parametric Design Platform Of Alongside Replenishment At Sea, Li Nan, Zhuobin Wei, Xuejun He, Shiyun Zhang Jun 2020

Research On Highline Cable Parametric Design Platform Of Alongside Replenishment At Sea, Li Nan, Zhuobin Wei, Xuejun He, Shiyun Zhang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: High cable is an important part of the horizontal replenishment equipment at Sea. Its performance directly affects the safety of replenishment at sea. Because there is not a suitable high cable dynamic model in the domestic, for the first time to take the high cable as a multi-body system and established the flexible-body dynamics model. Then the optimization design model of high cable which is on the basis of the model was established. Meanwhile it set up the parametric design platform of high cable by using ADAMS to parameterize the optimization design model. The optimization design results of a …

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Switching Characteristics Of Bjt And Pspice Simulation, Li Zi, Yuanbo Zhang Jun 2020

Switching Characteristics Of Bjt And Pspice Simulation, Li Zi, Yuanbo Zhang

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: In Marx type pulsed power devices, the switch is the most important component to determine the rising time of output pulses. A novel switching device utilizing the avalanche breakdown characteristic between the collector and emitter of BJT,was proposed to replace the traditional switch. Impules voltage could be outputted in less than 5ns by Marx circuit using BJT which could be the alternative switch of general Marx generator. Different BJTs' avalanche breakdown characteristics between the collector and emitter were introduced, according to experimental results, some appropriate BJTs were chosen to be used in Marx generator. At present there is no …

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Research On Simulation Platform Based On Behavior Heterogeneity For Agriculture Biomass Energy, Liu Zhen, Dehui Xu, Kaiwei Zhu, Huilong Sun Jun 2020

Research On Simulation Platform Based On Behavior Heterogeneity For Agriculture Biomass Energy, Liu Zhen, Dehui Xu, Kaiwei Zhu, Huilong Sun

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: To analyze the influence of different collecting mechanism, subsidies and prices on the amount of energy-utilized straw resource, based on behavior heterogeneity theory and Boltzmann learning algorithm, an agricultural biomass trading emulated platform, which considers the decision preference of the farmer, was Build. The platform was used to study the effects of farmers' behavior and transportation costs on the amount of the collected straw. Found that, the farmers' behavior heterogeneous and the transportation cost have huge Influences on the ultimately collected straw amount. Compared with the theoretic collecting amount, there are great differences in the ultimately collected straw amount, …

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Simulation Study For Truck Restriction Strategies On Jingzang Expressway In Beijing, Senyan Yang, Jianping Wu, Mingyu Liu, He Lei Jun 2020

Simulation Study For Truck Restriction Strategies On Jingzang Expressway In Beijing, Senyan Yang, Jianping Wu, Mingyu Liu, He Lei

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Lane restriction strategy for trucks is an effective way to improve the capacity of expressways and ease traffic congestion. Microscopic simulation models were employed to assess the impacts of restriction strategies and truck accidents on expressway traffic condition. Parameters were calibrated and validated based on the field data of Jingzang Expressway. Five simulation scenarios with different time setting for trucks' no passing were established, and evacuation after truck accident was simulated. Simulation results indicate that the most suitable time for trucks' no passing is from 7:00 to 19:00. The travel time of small passenger cars can be reduced …

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Two-Dimensional Parameter Estimation Of Near Field Sources Based On Propagator Method, Caifeng Liang, Pan Jing, Liu Ying, Li Xu Jun 2020

Two-Dimensional Parameter Estimation Of Near Field Sources Based On Propagator Method, Caifeng Liang, Pan Jing, Liu Ying, Li Xu

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: A new method based on fourth-order cumulant and propagator method for the joint estimation of the range and DOA of spatial near-field sources is presented. The fourth-order cumulant matrix is constructed using the received uniform linear array data, the received signal noise subspace is estimated by propagator method; the range and DOA of spatial near-field sources are gotten through the spectrum peak search method after the MUSIC spectrum function construction. Compared with the traditional MUSIC algorithm, the presented algorithm with the propagator method directly estimates the least squares solution of the noise subspace, rather than conventional orthogonal solution of …

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Dynamic Evolvement And Emergence Modeling For Distributed Operational Systems Capability, Yinghui Yang, Jianhua Li, Mingli Nan, Chen Qiang, Jifang Wen Jun 2020

Dynamic Evolvement And Emergence Modeling For Distributed Operational Systems Capability, Yinghui Yang, Jianhua Li, Mingli Nan, Chen Qiang, Jifang Wen

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: Aiming at dynamic characteristic of battlefield environment, particularity of operational systems, function heterogeneity and nonlinear effect of operational units, a new dynamic evolvement and emergence modeling method for distributed operational systems capability was proposed. Operational systems super-network model composing of unit layer and network & system layer was built based on super-network theory, and relationship between two layers was analyzed. Concepts of unit capability, network & system capability, systematic capability and fire procedure link were defined. Unit to capability mapping relationship and capability to capability relationship were researched respectively. Affects of unit self-effect, units' inter-effect, network promotion and battlefield …

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Robust Control Of Free-Floating Two-Flexible-Link Space Manipulator Based On Observer, Xiaoyan Yu, Chen Li Jun 2020

Robust Control Of Free-Floating Two-Flexible-Link Space Manipulator Based On Observer, Xiaoyan Yu, Chen Li

Journal of System Simulation

Abstract: The joint motion robust control and optimal flexible vibration control of a free-floating two-flexible-link space manipulator based on linear observers was discussed. The dynamic model of a free-floating space manipulator with two flexible links was established by the momentum conservation and the Lagrange equations. Based on singular perturbation approach and choosing appropriate local coordinate frame, a slow subsystem and a flexible-link fast subsystem were obtained. The corresponding controllers were proposed for the two subsystems, which was the linear observer based robust slow subsystem controller and the linear observer based flexible link fast subsystem optimal controller. Numerical simulation demonstrates …

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