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2021

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Articles 61 - 78 of 78

Full-Text Articles in Risk Analysis

Health Risk Assessment For Heavy Metals In Chao Phraya River Basin, Natthanicha Nateekhuncharoen Jan 2021

Health Risk Assessment For Heavy Metals In Chao Phraya River Basin, Natthanicha Nateekhuncharoen

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Heavy metal contamination has become a serious concern due to its toxicity not only on ecosystems but also directly on human health. The Chao Phraya River Basin is the main area important for commerce, industries, and residence in Thailand. This study aimed to evaluate the impact on human health due to heavy metal contamination and identify the relationship between land use and heavy metal contamination in the Chao Phraya River. Pearson correlation was applied to analyze the relationship between heavy metal concentration and water parameters. The results indicated that during 2009-2013, Fe concentration positively correlated to turbidity (0.640), total phosphate …

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Identifying Scotomata In Hazard Identification Caused By Ignorance And Overconfidence, Allen Johanson Jan 2021

Identifying Scotomata In Hazard Identification Caused By Ignorance And Overconfidence, Allen Johanson

Masters Theses

The manufacturing and construction industries are two of the most dangerous professions, and employees are frequently exposed to hazards and hazardous conditions which can lead to serious injury or even death. An observed phenomenon, frequently called the Dunning-Kruger Effect states that unskilled people are often unaware of their shortcomings and those with the higher-level skills often underestimate their abilities. This study examines employees’ training, years of experience, and performance to gauge any correlations among these variables in the area of hazard awareness. The goal of this study is to help individuals to recognize blind spots in their knowledge to identify …

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Quantum Safety Metrics Framework For Commercial Unmanned Aircraft Operators, Tracy L. Lamb, Nathan A. Phillips, Trong Van Nguyen Jan 2021

Quantum Safety Metrics Framework For Commercial Unmanned Aircraft Operators, Tracy L. Lamb, Nathan A. Phillips, Trong Van Nguyen

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

Commercial unmanned aircraft systems continue to increase in applications and diversity; however, mishaps and accidents erode safety, investment return, and efficiency. Most unmanned aircraft accidents are preceded by leading indicators; the ability to forecast and quantify these may provide increased safety and profitability. This mixed-method research study used a non-experimental parallel convergence approach with multiple instruments, multiple-case study n = 22, and one exemplar case design to develop a quantum safety metric program. This study used a combination of previously validated methods as development instruments, including; the HFACS, STAMP, 'Sierra Scale,' and Accident Prevention Effort equations. The study extended the …

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Fuzzy Cognitive Map-Based Knowledge Representation Of Hazardous Industrial Operations, Francesco Longo, Antonio Padovano, Letizia Nicoletti, Caterina Fusto, Mohaiad Elbasheer, Rafael Diaz Jan 2021

Fuzzy Cognitive Map-Based Knowledge Representation Of Hazardous Industrial Operations, Francesco Longo, Antonio Padovano, Letizia Nicoletti, Caterina Fusto, Mohaiad Elbasheer, Rafael Diaz

VMASC Publications

Hazardous industrial operations are highly stochastic, still human-dependent, and risky. Operators working in such an environment must understand the complex interrelation between several factors contributing to safe and effective operations. Therefore, being able to predict the effects of their actions on provoking or mitigating possible accidents is crucial. This study aims to utilize fuzzy cognitive maps (FCM) to model the expert’s reasoning about occupational health and safety (OHS) in confined space. This knowledge is used by operators to build their mental models. The developed FCM displays all the possible incidents of a confined space and links these incidents with all …

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Developing An Artificial Intelligence Framework To Assess Shipbuilding And Repair Sub-Tier Supply Chains Risk, Rafael Diaz, Katherine Smith, Beatriz Acero, Francesco Longo, Antonio Padovano Jan 2021

Developing An Artificial Intelligence Framework To Assess Shipbuilding And Repair Sub-Tier Supply Chains Risk, Rafael Diaz, Katherine Smith, Beatriz Acero, Francesco Longo, Antonio Padovano

VMASC Publications

The defense shipbuilding and repair industry is a labor-intensive sector that can be characterized by low-product volumes and high investments in which a large number of shared resources, technology, suppliers, and processes asynchronously converge into large construction projects. It is mainly organized by the execution of a complex combination of sequential and overlapping stages. While entities engaged in this large-scale endeavor are often knowledgeable about their first-tier suppliers, they usually do not have insight into the lower tiers suppliers. A sizable part of any supply chain disruption is attributable to instabilities in sub-tier suppliers. This research note conceptually delineates a …

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Influence Of The Inherent Safety Principles On Quantitative Risk In Process Industry: Application Of Genetic Algorithm Process Optimization (Gapo), Mehdi Jahangiri, Abolfazl Moghadasi, Mojtaba Kamalinia, Farid Sadeghianjahromi, Sean Banaee Jan 2021

Influence Of The Inherent Safety Principles On Quantitative Risk In Process Industry: Application Of Genetic Algorithm Process Optimization (Gapo), Mehdi Jahangiri, Abolfazl Moghadasi, Mojtaba Kamalinia, Farid Sadeghianjahromi, Sean Banaee

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Inherent safety (IS) refers to a set of measures that enhance the safety level of processes and equipment, rendering additional equipment and/or add-ons. The early design phase of processes is suited best for implementation of IS strategies as some of such strategies either are impossible to be implemented at the operation phase or substantially increase costs. The purpose of this study is to present a new approach called genetic algorithm process optimization (GAPO), by which processes can be made inherently safer even at the operation phase. This study simulates the IS principle, assessing its impact on quantitative risk and the …

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Conceptual Development Of A Probabilistic Graphical Framework For Assessing Port Resilience, Katherine Smith, Rafael Diaz, Yuzhong Shen, Francesco Longo Jan 2021

Conceptual Development Of A Probabilistic Graphical Framework For Assessing Port Resilience, Katherine Smith, Rafael Diaz, Yuzhong Shen, Francesco Longo

VMASC Publications

Technological advances such as cyber physical systems and autonomous vehicles combined with increased disruptions including the Covid-19 pandemic and coastal natural disasters have heightened the importance of port risk analysis methodologies and frameworks that can accurately quantify and optimize resilience. This work presents the conceptual development of a novel combination of analysis methodologies linking a probabilistic graphic approach on a network of risk events with a functional dependency approach on a system network. Key advantages of these two methodologies are the ability to model and learn causal interactions rather than simply correlations and a high level of computational efficiency. This …

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Improving Real-Time Methane Monitoring In Longwall Coal Mines Through System Response Characterization Of A Multi-Nodal Methane Detection Network, Brian Philip Cappellini Jan 2021

Improving Real-Time Methane Monitoring In Longwall Coal Mines Through System Response Characterization Of A Multi-Nodal Methane Detection Network, Brian Philip Cappellini

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Machine automation and atmospheric monitoring are used by many industries to improve safety and productivity in the workplace. The underground Methane Watchdog System (MWS) is a multi-nodal network of sensors currently under development. The MWS aims to improve safety and productivity by introducing 10 compact sampling units designed to be easily integrated within the current roof support equipment of the mine. Each unit contains an array of sensors used to continuously monitor the environmental conditions which include methane concentration, temperature, pressure, and relative humidity. All MWS units report information back to a remote central processing hub (CPH) which collects nodal …

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Secondary Risk Theory: Validation Of A Novel Model Of Protection Motivation, Christopher L. Cummings, Sonny Rosenthal, Wei Yi Kong Jan 2021

Secondary Risk Theory: Validation Of A Novel Model Of Protection Motivation, Christopher L. Cummings, Sonny Rosenthal, Wei Yi Kong

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

Protection motivation theory states individuals conduct threat and coping appraisals when deciding how to respond to perceived risks. However, that model does not adequately explain today's risk culture, where engaging in recommended behaviors may create a separate set of real or perceived secondary risks. We argue for and then demonstrate the need for a new model accounting for a secondary threat appraisal, which we call secondary risk theory. In an online experiment, 1,246 participants indicated their intention to take a vaccine after reading about the likelihood and severity of side effects. We manipulated likelihood and severity in a 2 × …

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Integrating Human And Ecotoxicological Impacts Into Willingness To Pay Evaluation: Transition From Paraquat To Atrazine Use In Sweet Corn Cultivation, Patharanun Toolkiattiwong Jan 2021

Integrating Human And Ecotoxicological Impacts Into Willingness To Pay Evaluation: Transition From Paraquat To Atrazine Use In Sweet Corn Cultivation, Patharanun Toolkiattiwong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The paraquat ban has led to a shift in the use of pesticides in sweet corn cultivation, atrazine as one of the alternative pesticides. This change has led to altered human-ecological impacts that have yet to be explored. The related monetary values of farmers as reflected through their willingness to pay is unknown. This study assessed the health and freshwater ecotoxicity impacts of paraquat and atrazine in soil cultivation using the USEtox 2.12 model. The value of farmers on the impact of the change was explained by willingness to pay (WTP). The theory of planned behavior (TPB) factors, a psychological …

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Assessments Of Chromium Pollution In Surface Sediment Of The Inner Gulf Of Thailand, Patcha Leelakun Jan 2021

Assessments Of Chromium Pollution In Surface Sediment Of The Inner Gulf Of Thailand, Patcha Leelakun

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The inner Gulf of Thailand is an important marine resource for economic and social developments of Thailand. Moreover, the inner Gulf of Thailand is a diverse of biological coastal ecosystem, which is make an equilibrium marine environment. On the other hand, this area is due mainly to a variety of pollutant sources from the surface runoff, particularly major large rivers including the Mae Klong, the Tha Chin, the Chao Phraya and the Bangpakong Rivers. As a result, chromium contamination can occur in the inner Gulf of Thailand and ultimately become a serious environmental issue in Thailand. Therefore, the surface sediments …

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Evaluation Of Cadmium Bioaccumulations In Pak Choi Grown By Hydroponics System, Piyachet Jinsart Jan 2021

Evaluation Of Cadmium Bioaccumulations In Pak Choi Grown By Hydroponics System, Piyachet Jinsart

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Cadmium is one of the most harmful heavy metals reported to contaminate the food chain and pose a high risk for health, including non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic effects. High levels of cadmium contamination due to industrial effluent discharge have been reported to affect plant growth and productivity, which could be used as a bio-indicator for cadmium bioaccumulation in plants. The utilization of cadmium-contaminated water for vegetable production has been known to increase the health risk for human consumption. Moreover, pH level was known as a factor affecting cadmium solubility and cadmium uptake by plants. However, there is still unknown about critical …

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Influence Of Seasonal Variations On Contamination Level And Ecological Risk Of Heavy Metals In The Surface Sediments Of The Inner Gulf Of Thailand, Phuttiphat Lapat-Atiwat Jan 2021

Influence Of Seasonal Variations On Contamination Level And Ecological Risk Of Heavy Metals In The Surface Sediments Of The Inner Gulf Of Thailand, Phuttiphat Lapat-Atiwat

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The Inner Gulf of Thailand is a marine resource that provides ecological and economic value. Meanwhile, its can be acted like pollutions sink, especially heavy metals. After that, the extensions of industrialization, agriculturalization, and urbanization can degenerate to the inner Gulf environment quality. Therefore, this thesis was aimed to study the spatial distribution and seasonal variation of heavy metal concentration (Cd, Pb, Cu, Co, Ni, Mn and Zn) in surface sediment including the Mae Klong, the Tha Chin, the Chao Phraya and the Bangpakong River estuaries. Moreover, the contamination status and ecological risk were also evaluated. The results shown the …

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Investigation Of Copper And Zinc Contaminations In Bioponic Systems Using Chicken Manure Fertilizer, Satja Aksorn Jan 2021

Investigation Of Copper And Zinc Contaminations In Bioponic Systems Using Chicken Manure Fertilizer, Satja Aksorn

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The bioponic system is a system that utilizes biological waste as a nutrient-rich source such as chicken manure fertilizer for plant growth integrated with aquaponic. At present, chicken manure fertilizer is contaminated with Cu and Zn may have the potential health effects through vegetable consumption. The objective of this study was to evaluate nitrogen transformation, nitrogen recovery, and plant growth in chicken manure-based bioponics at Cu (50–150 mg/kg) and Zn (200–600 mg/kg) supplementation and investigate the effects of Cu and Zn supplementations on plant bioaccumulation, root microbial community, and dietary health risk. Cu and Zn concentrations were analyzed using inductively …

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Ecological Risk Assessment Of Microplastics And Heavy Metals In Central Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plant, Thamonwan Phuprasert Jan 2021

Ecological Risk Assessment Of Microplastics And Heavy Metals In Central Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plant, Thamonwan Phuprasert

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Microplastics become a big concern in environment. Their small particle size can absorb a variety of pollutants from the nearby environment when discharged into the environment, especially heavy metals. Central industrial wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is an important source of microplastics in the environment. In this study, wastewater and sludge were collected from two industrial estates in Thailand. Wastewater was collected from 4 points i.e., influent, post grit chamber, post aeration tank, and post sedimentation tank while sludge was collected from sludge storage. Concentration of microplastics, heavy metals and heavy metals on microplastics were examined to evaluate ecological risk assessment. …

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A Development Of Disaster Risk Profile In Public Healthcare System During Flood Situation : A Case Study Of Nakhon Sawan City Municipality, Nakhon Sawan Province, Thailand, Kodchakorn Krutphong Jan 2021

A Development Of Disaster Risk Profile In Public Healthcare System During Flood Situation : A Case Study Of Nakhon Sawan City Municipality, Nakhon Sawan Province, Thailand, Kodchakorn Krutphong

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This research begins with the idea of the disaster risk assessment included in the disaster management’s well recognized international framework, the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. Then, the idea settles from the risk assessment concept combined with the emergency management knowledge that has the critical infrastructure topic, including the public healthcare system. The flood disaster is the kind of disaster that frequently occurs in Thailand and the study area, Nakhon Sawan City Municipality. Thus, this research aims to study disaster risk profiles in the public healthcare system in a specific local area. The outcome from this research is the …

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การประเมินความเสี่ยงทางสุขภาพของพนักงานที่สัมผัสฝุ่นและโลหะหนักในโรงงานกำจัดกากอุตสาหกรรม, ประหยัด เคนโยธา Jan 2021

การประเมินความเสี่ยงทางสุขภาพของพนักงานที่สัมผัสฝุ่นและโลหะหนักในโรงงานกำจัดกากอุตสาหกรรม, ประหยัด เคนโยธา

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

พนักงานในโรงงานกำจัดกากอุตสาหกรรมทั้งสองแห่งได้รับสัมผัสมลภาวะต่างๆ เช่น ฝุ่นละออง (PM; PM2.5 และ PM10-2.5) และโลหะหนักที่ปนเปื้อนในกระบวนการกำจัดขยะ การวิจัยนี้เพื่อศึกษาความเสี่ยงทางสุขภาพของพนักงานที่สัมผัสฝุ่นและโลหะหนักในสถานที่ทำงาน พบฝุ่นขนาด PM2.5 มีความเข้มข้นในตัวอย่างที่เก็บแบบพื้นที่ (30.33±2.51 และ 41.21±1.12 µg/m3) เก็บแบบบุคคล (45.86±9.85 และ 144.99±119.11 µg/m3) และฝุ่นขนาด PM10-2.5 ในตัวอย่างที่เก็บแบบพื้นที่ (14.77±0.29 และ 15.09±0.35 µg/m3) เก็บแบบบุคคล (27.73±8.63 และ 48.04±43.49 µg/m3) ในโรงงาน 1 และ 2 ตามลำดับ ความเข้มข้นของโละหนัก As, Cd, และ Pb ในตัวอย่างฝุ่นโรงงาน 1 ที่เก็บตัวอย่างแบบพื้นที่มีค่า 1.19±0.09, 0.55±0.05 และ 0.78±0.14 µg/m3, เก็บแบบบุคคลมีค่า 1.22±0.08, 0.55±0.08, และ 0.87±0.12 µg/m3 ตามลำดับ ในโรงงาน 2 ที่เก็บตัวอย่างแบบพื้นที่มีค่า 0.52±0.21, 0.55±0.05 และ 0.38±0.05 µg/m3 เก็บแบบบุคคลมีค่า 0.58±0.13, 0.53±0.06 และ 0.41±0.05 µg/m3 ตามลำดับ โดยระดับโลหะหนัก As Cd และ Pb ในฝุ่นมีค่าอยู่ในขีดจำกัดของกฎหมายด้านอาชีวอนามัยกำหนด และในตัวอย่างฝุ่นไม่พบโลหะหนัก Cr และ Hg และค่าเฉลี่ยของโลหะหนัก As-total Cr Cd Pb และ Hg ในปัสสาวะพบว่า As-total (91.67±98.63 และ 59.29±32.03 µg/L) Cr (0.82±0.51 และ 1.03±1.02 …

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Open Voting Client Architecture And Op-Ed Voting: A Novel Framework For Solving Requirement Conflicts In Secret Ballot Elections, Aaron M. Wilson Jan 2021

Open Voting Client Architecture And Op-Ed Voting: A Novel Framework For Solving Requirement Conflicts In Secret Ballot Elections, Aaron M. Wilson

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Building voting systems for secret ballot elections has many challenges and is the subject of significant academic research efforts. These challenges come from conflicting requirements. In this paper, we introduce a novel architectural approach to voting system construction that may help satisfy conflicting requirements and increase voter satisfaction. Our design, called Open Voting Client Architecture, defines a voting system architectural approach that can harness the power of individualized voting clients. In this work, we contribute a voting system reference architecture to depict the current voting system construction and then use it to define Open Voting Client Architecture. We then detail …

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