Operations Research, Systems Engineering and Industrial Engineering Commons^™

An Approach To Modeling Simulated Military Human-Agent Teaming, Maartje Hidalgo

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

With the rise of human-agent teaming (HAT), a new cycle of scientific discovery commenced. Through scientific discovery, a number of theories of constructs in HAT were developed, however, an overarching model is lacking that elucidates the relative importance of these constructs in relation to human performance. The main objective of this research was to develop a model of simulated military HAT and to validate it against selected empirical data. Experimental data borrowed from four simulated military HAT studies were used to test the proposed Core model. The Core model was assumed to be directly affecting task performance and consisted of …

Investigation In Engineering Leadership Using System Engineering And Virtual Reality, Charles Davis

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

System Engineering can help derive requirements and specifications to build virtual environments which are good to test behaviors and attitudes. Virtual simulations can have a strong impact because role-playing facilitates active learning, permits the acceptance of new concepts, and generates increased interest, enthusiasm, and motivation. Research over the last 50 years has shown that reasoning with and about context is an essential aspect of human cognition, permeating language, memory, and reasoning capabilities. This integral process is developed over a lifetime through experiential learning. In this research, we utilize systems engineering to capture guidelines from psychologist and concepts of technological leadership. …

Hedonic Games And Monte Carlo Simulation, Sheida Etemadidavan, Andrew J. Collins

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

Hedonic games have applications in economics and multi-agent systems where the grouping preferences of an individual is important. Hedonic games look at coalition formation, amongst the players, where players have a preference relation over all the coalition. Hedonic games are also known as coalition formation games, and they are a form of a cooperative game with a non-transferrable utility game. Some examples of hedonic games are stable marriage, stable roommate, and hospital/residence problem. The study of hedonic games is driven by understanding what coalition structures will be stable, i.e., given a coalition structure, no players have an incentive to deviate …

Weather Prediction: Improving Accuracy Using Data Mining And Forecasting Techniques, Pedro Marquez

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

This study is focused to provide the insights of weather to understand the significance of weather changes in any parameter. Weather forecasting contributes to the social and economic welfare in many sections of the society. Weather is extremely difficult to predict because it is a complex and chaotic system. This means that small errors in the initial conditions of a forecast grow rapidly and affect predictability. Nowadays, massive real-time data is being generated by IoT devices, radars, weather stations, and satellites. The need to adopt big data analytics in IoT applications is compelling. These two technologies have already been recognized …

Cyber-Assets At Risk (Car): The Cost Of Personally Identifiable Information Data Breaches, Omer Ilker Poyraz, Sarah Bouazzaoui, Omer Keskin, Michael Mcshane, Ariel Pinto

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

Severe financial consequences of data breaches enforce organizations to reconsider their cybersecurity investment. Although attack frequency and trends seem similar per industry, the impact of a data breach may exponentially increase depending on the type of information and the amount of the stolen data. Also, governments develop and improve laws and regulations to protect the privacy of individuals. Therefore, a failure of data security may yield severe penalties and class-action lawsuits, which can significantly increase the expenses than before. The monetary impact of a data breach is a new field of study that requires more sophisticated research and analysis. There …

แบบจำลองสถานการณ์ของเหตุการณ์ที่ไม่ต่อเนื่องเพื่อประเมินประสิทธิภาพของท่าเรือบก กรณีศึกษาท่าเรือบกลาดกระบัง, พิพัฒน์ พิมพะนิตย์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ท่าเรือบกเป็นหนึ่งในสิ่งอำนวยความสะดวกหลักในเครือข่ายการขนส่งทางทะเล ที่ช่วยให้ผู้ขนส่งสามารถเข้าถึงภูมิภาคต่าง ๆ ของโลกได้ ผ่านการเชื่อมต่อกับท่าเรือ ในขณะที่ผลกระทบของท่าเรือบกต่อประสิทธิภาพของการขนส่งแบบหลายรูปแบบนั้นค่อนข้างมีความชัดเจนในช่วงเวลาที่ผ่านมา การประเมินประสิทธิภาพของท่าเรือบกเองกลับมีความซับซ้อน เนื่องจากมีความเกี่ยวพันกับผู้ให้บริการที่หลากหลาย ซี่งแต่ละผู้ให้บริการต่างก็บริหารจัดการทรัพยากรภายใน หรือ CHE ที่มีจำนวนแตกต่างกันออกไป ด้วยเหตุดังกล่าว ผู้วิจัยจึงได้นำเสนอแบบจำลองสถานการณ์ของเหตุการณ์ที่ไม่ต่อเนื่อง เพื่อใช้ในการประเมินประสิทธิภาพของท่าเรือบกลาดกระบัง (LICD) ในปัจจุบัน และในอนาคต ผ่านโปรเเกรม SIMIO โดยอ้างอิงจากข้อมูลของ LICD ในปัจจุบัน และแผนการปรับปรุง LICD ใหม่ จากการศึกษา ผู้วิจัยพบว่า เมื่อพิจารณาจากประสิทธิภาพการใช้งานของทรัพยากรภายใน LICD ประสิทธิภาพโดยรวมของ LICD ในปัจจุบันมีค่าค่อนข้างต่ำ โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งสำหรับรถบรรทุกหัวลากภายใน นอกจากนี้ผู้วิจัยยังพบว่า ประสิทธิภาพของการใช้งานทรัพยากรภายในมีแนวโน้มที่เปลี่ยนแปลงไปอย่างเห็นได้ชัด เมื่อมีการเปลี่ยนสัดส่วนการขนส่งตามนโยบายการขนส่งใหม่ ในทำนองเดียวกัน ประสิทธิภาพโดยรวมของ LICD ในอนาคตนั้น ส่วนใหญ่ขึ้นอยู่กับจำนวนของทรัพยากรภายในแต่ละประเภทที่ถูกสรรหามาในแต่ละรอบการสรรหา โดยรถเครนขนถ่ายตู้คอนเทนเนอร์ปกติ หรือ FCL Crane จัดเป็นทรัพยากรภายในหลักที่มีแนวโน้มการใช้งานมากสูงสุด ด้วยเหตุดังกล่าว ผู้วางแผนจึงควรจัดหา FCL Crane ในแต่ละรอบการสรรหาให้เหมาะสมกับจำนวนตู้คอนเทนเนอร์ที่มีการขนถ่ายผ่าน LICD เพื่อให้ LICD สามารถดำเนินการได้อย่างมีประสิทธิภาพสูงสุด

Factors Affecting The Performance Of Photo-Voltaic Solar Energy Storage, Vasanth Bhat

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

One of the most important factors in a nation's development is energy availability. All the aspects of its economy are directly proportional to the energy resources. Oil is one of the most sought energy resources currently. Solar energy is one of the most important renewable sources of energy available to us. With oil deposits depleting and current global warming, there is an emphasis on using more and more renewable sources or clean energy. This has led to immense research on solar cells and how it could better be used to get maximum output. Storage of energy is another aspect that …

Determinants Of Startup Funding: The Interaction Between Web Attention And Culture, Jie Ren, Viju Raghupathi, Wullianallur Raghupathi

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Technology empowers entrepreneurs to pursue alternative funding through platforms like crowdfunding. This research explores significant startup funding factors using Crunchbase. Controlling for common factors (acquisition/funding-rounds/IPO), the research uniquely focuses on web attention - the visibility on social media - and its impact on funding. It also examines the moderating influence of startup’s home country culture (individualism/collectivism). Findings show stronger positive impact of web attention on startup funding for collectivist countries. While individualistic investors value personal goals, collectivists value collaborative goals - inclinations that align with crowdfunding behavior. Therefore while increasing web attention, crowdfunding efforts can be targeted towards collectivist countries.

Evaluating Students Information System Success Using Delone And Mclean’S Model: Student’S Perspective, Majaliwa Mkinga, Herman Mandari

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

System success is considered to be an important element in accomplishing the goals of the organization; therefore evaluation of system success needs to be done in order to ensure that investment in Information System is successful. Most of Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs) in Tanzania have adopted the use of IS in providing service to their customers. Nevertheless, there is less evidence that system success evaluation has been done in order to identify the desired characteristics which could make IS more effective. Due to that, this study evaluates the effectiveness of Student Information System (SIS) used at the Institute of Finance …

The Effect Of Cutting Condition Selection On Tool Life In Sand Milling, Craig Ertl

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

This study was completed to address the problem of determining what effect selected cutting conditions have on tool wear and tool life in robotic sand milling (RSM) operations. The purpose of this study was to analyze the tool wear mechanisms and characteristics that govern the RSM process. The purpose was also to establish an experimental methodology that may be used in future studies to assess tool life when examining various tooling materials and designs, as well as additional sand workpiece materials. Completing this research allowed the machining process to be optimized by analyzing differences in tooling cost with variable values …

Numerical Analyses And Integration Of Split Lot Sizing Using Lean Benchmark Model For Small Lot Manufacturing In High Mix Low Volume Production, Omkar Bhosale

Theses and Dissertations--Manufacturing Systems Engineering

As the global demand for automobiles has increased rapidly over the last fifty years, customers have become more particular about the characteristics of the autos they want. This change in demand, in part has pushed manufacturing to become more flexible and created a demand for alternative, more efficient processes like the High Mix Low Volume (HMLV) production of vehicles. During HMLV, manufacturers create production lot sizes and schedule to synchronize the production processes to meet customer demand on time. The demand for the automobile parts may not be uniform or parts may not be consumed by the customer immediately, Due …

Development Of A Modeling Algorithm To Predict Lean Implementation Success, Richard Charles Barclay

Doctoral Dissertations

”Lean has become a common term and goal in organizations throughout the world. The approach of eliminating waste and continuous improvement may seem simple on the surface but can be more complex when it comes to implementation. Some firms implement lean with great success, getting complete organizational buy-in and realizing the efficiencies foundational to lean. Other organizations struggle to implement lean. Never able to get the buy-in or traction needed to really institute the sort of cultural change that is often needed to implement change. It would be beneficial to have a tool that organizations could use to assess their …

Enabling Flexibility Through Strategic Management Of Complex Engineering Systems, Walter Louis Barnes Ii

Doctoral Dissertations

”Flexibility is a highly desired attribute of many systems operating in changing or uncertain conditions. It is a common theme in complex systems to identify where flexibility is generated within a system and how to model the processes needed to maintain and sustain flexibility. The key research question that is addressed is: how do we create a new definition of workforce flexibility within a human-technology-artificial intelligence environment?

Workforce flexibility is the management of organizational labor capacities and capabilities in operational environments using a broad and diffuse set of tools and approaches to mitigate system imbalances caused by uncertainties or changes. …

The Development Of A Project Typology And Selection Tool To Improve Decision-Making In Sustainable Projects, Rakan Alyamani

Doctoral Dissertations

"Decision-making in sustainable projects is a complex and challenging process, especially during the initiating and planning phases of project development, due to influence from several external factors, as well as the uncertain environments surrounding their creation. It is essential to improve the decision-making process in sustainable projects during these two phases by relying on strong decision-making tools. The first contribution in this work identifies gaps in the literature of how institutionalization can impact sustainable projects through the effects of institutional isomorphisms from institutional theory. This helps decision makers better understand the relationship between institutionalization and sustainable projects. The second contribution …

Critical Success Factors And Risk Mitigation Strategy For New Product Development, Rodney A. Ewing

Doctoral Dissertations

”Success in new product development (NPD) offers a competitive and comparative advantage in the marketplace. A primary objective in an NPD project is to launch world class products with minimal risk. To deliver the superior quality and performance customers require, a company must develop the right NPD structure and framework for seamless execution by the NPD project teams throughout the product lifecycle. Companies must understand how to identify and mitigate risk to enable the success of their NPD projects. The costs to develop new products are often a considerable portion of an organization’s budget; however, studies have shown only 60 …

Computational Model For Neural Architecture Search, Ram Deepak Gottapu

Doctoral Dissertations

"A long-standing goal in Deep Learning (DL) research is to design efficient architectures for a given dataset that are both accurate and computationally inexpensive. At present, designing deep learning architectures for a real-world application requires both human expertise and considerable effort as they are either handcrafted by careful experimentation or modified from a handful of existing models. This method is inefficient as the process of architecture design is highly time-consuming and computationally expensive.

The research presents an approach to automate the process of deep learning architecture design through a modeling procedure. In particular, it first introduces a framework that treats …

Microgrid Design, Control, And Performance Evaluation For Sustainable Energy Management In Manufacturing, Md. Monirul Islam

Doctoral Dissertations

"This research studies the capacity sizing, control strategies, and performance evaluation of the microgrids with hybrid renewable sources for manufacturing end use customers towards a distributed sustainable energy system paradigm. Microgrid technology has been widely investigated and applied in commercial and residential sector, while for manufacturers, it has been less explored and utilized. To fill the gap, the dissertation first proposes a cost-effective sizing model to identify the capacities as well as control strategies of the components in microgrids considering a commonly used energy tariff, i.e., Time of Use (TOU). Then, the sizing model is extended by integrating control strategies …

Development Of A System Architecture For The Prediction Of Student Success Using Machine Learning Techniques, Tatiana A. Cardona

Doctoral Dissertations

“ The goals of higher education have evolved through time based on the impact that technology development and industry have on productivity. Nowadays, jobs demand increased technical skills, and the supply of prepared personnel to assume those jobs is insufficient. The system of higher education needs to evaluate their practices to realize the potential of cultivating an educated and technically skilled workforce. Currently, completion rates at universities are too low to accomplish the aim of closing the workforce gap. Recent reports indicate that 40 percent of freshman at four-year public colleges will not graduate, and rates of completion are even …

Predicting Complex System Behavior Using Hybrid Modeling And Computational Intelligence, Vinayaka Gude

Doctoral Dissertations

“Modeling and prediction of complex systems is a challenging problem due to the sub-system interactions and dependencies. This research examines combining various computational intelligence algorithms and modeling techniques to provide insights into these complex processes and allow for better decision making. This hybrid methodology provided additional capabilities to analyze and predict the overall system behavior where a single model cannot be used to understand the complex problem. The systems analyzed here are flooding events and fetal health care. The impact of floods on road infrastructure is investigated using graph theory, agent-based traffic simulation, and Long Short-Term Memory deep learning to …

Investigation Of Mental Workload And Job Satisfaction Among Officer Workers At A Selected Electronic Company, Md Ali Nor Qistina

Student Works (2020-2029)

This study investigated the level of mental workload and job satisfaction among office workers at a selected electronic company in Subang Jaya. 103 professional workers from various departments comprising 54 males and 49 females participated in this study. DASS-21, Carga Mental Questionnaire, and Job Satisfaction Survey were used to gather data from the participants. Socio-demographic data were collected from participants too. The results showed mental workloads level is low among the workers while the level of job satisfaction is average. However, the level of stress among female workers is mild which is slightly higher than males. There are significant correlations …

Effet De L’Expertise Et Du Sexe Sur Les Contraintes À L’Épaule En Manutention, Etienne Goubault, Romain Martinez, Najoua Assila, Jennifer Dowling-Medley, Élodie Monga-Dubreuil, Sophie-Anne Scherrer, André Plamondon, Mickaël Begon

Rapports de recherche scientifique

L’atteinte de troubles musculosquelettiques (TMS) parmi les travailleurs et travailleuses au Québec était récemment estimée à 732 000 cas (Stock et al., 2014). Ces TMS sont associés aux activités professionnelles impliquant des efforts physiques prolongés, intenses et/ou répétitifs, telles que des tâches d’assemblage, de manutention, d’aide à la personne ou encore de maintien de posture prolongée sur un poste de travail. Les membres supérieurs, qui représentaient 30,1 % des cas de TMS déclarés et acceptés au Québec de 1998 à 2007 (Michel et al., 2010), sont les plus touchés après le dos. Plus particulièrement, l’épaule figure comme l’articulation …

Evaluation Of A Bulge Reduction Technology For Corrugated Fiberboard Containers Under Static Compression, Daan Peleman, Jay Singh, Koushik Saha, Soma Roy

Industrial Technology and Packaging

This research examines the effect of top-to-bottom static compression load on the bulge of RSC containers. The study compares a control regular slotted container (RSC) constructed with corrugated fiberboard to tape-reinforced designs. The bulge reduction, achieved using various tape placements and conditioning environments, were measured. Currently, no research on the effect of reinforcement tape towards reduction in the out-of-plane displacement (bulging) of the corrugated fiberboard panels has been undertaken. Samples related to four different container designs, varying by presence, quantity and the position of the reinforcement tape on the vertical panels, were tested and analyzed. The study involved the use …

Influence Of Fiberboard Container Design On Compression Bulge Displacement, Koushik Saha, Shane Messner, John Dizon, Nirav Chhajed, Jay Singh

Industrial Technology and Packaging

Bulge effect is the out-of-plane displacement of a panel of a corrugated fiberboard box from its original position. This bulge effect often is the result of excessive weight being placed on a box that rests at the bottom of a palletized load. Panels that are out-of-plane reduce the stacking strength of the box and can result in damage to products inside the containers. This study was designed to find the influence of fiberboard container design on its bulging performance when under compression. The objective of the study was to determine if change in height of a regular slotted container will …

Investigating The Feasibility, Procedures, Benefits, And Challenges Of Using Mixed Reality In Construction Projects: An Electrical Layout Case Study, Samjhana Shakya

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Innovation and development of technology in the field of visualization have affected the way of designing, presenting, and interacting of the design in the architecture and construction industry. With the invention of the Mixed Reality (MR) device, HoloLens, 2016, many researchers and construction practitioners have marched their research of implementing the MR application in the construction industry. However, there is scarce research on the MR application review, the workflow of using BIM models with the HoloLens, its implementation in the site, and the benefits and challenges of the MR application in the construction site. The gap in the research needs …

Queueing-Inventory Models For A Two-Vendor System With Positive Service Times, Srinivas Chakravarthy, Khizer Hayat

Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Publications

Queueing-inventory systems wherein the demands are processed with random service times have been getting a lot of attention recently. In such systems, each demand needs one or more inventory items and needs positive processing times. The inventory is generally replenished using -type policy and the lead times are assumed to be random. In this paper we introduce the concept of multiple vendors who will be responsible for the replenishment of inventory. Under the assumptions of a two-vendor system wherein the demands occurring according to a Markovian arrival process, the service times to be of phase type, and the lead times …

Comparison Of Hybridizing Options For Solar Heat, Biomass And Heat Storage For Electricity Generation In Spain, Cm Iftekhar Hussain, Brian Norton, Aidan Duffy

Articles

Diurnal and seasonal variations of direct solar energy circumscribe locations suitable for sole use of concentrated solar power for electricity generation, whereas to generate electricity at night and during winter months, biomass systems can be used that incur fuel expenditures and may encounter fuel supply discontinuities. Combining solar heat, biomass conversion and heat storage in a hybrid electricity generation plant may overcome the limitations of sole use of any one of these energy sources in specific geographic and/or economic conditions. In this work standalone biomass, hybrid concentrated solar power-biomass and hybrid concentrated solar power-biomass-thermal energy storage power generation systems are …

Effects Of Chemically Assisted Magnetic Abrasive Finishing Process Parameters On Material Removal Of Inconel 625 Tubes, Gurpreet Singh, Harish Kumar, Harmesh Kumar Kansal, Anil K. Srivastava

Manufacturing & Industrial Engineering Faculty Publications

With technological developments in manufacturing fields, many advanced materials and alloys have been introduced to fulfill industrial requirements. One of such type of advanced materials, Inconel 625 possesses superior materialistic properties and finds number of industrial applications in Aerospace, Marine, Petro-chemical and Solar power stations etc. However, machining and finishing of Inconel 625 components are still remain difficult tasks to deals with. A recently developed finishing process: Magnetic Abrasive Finishing (MAF) process has been experimented to finish Inconel 625 surfaces but this process is not much effective to finish and machine Inconel 625 work surfaces. In present work, Chemically assisted …

Disaster Damage Categorization Applying Satellite Images And Machine Learning Algorithm, Farinaz Sabz Ali Pour, Adrian Gheorghe

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

Special information has a significant role in disaster management. Land cover mapping can detect short- and long-term changes and monitor the vulnerable habitats. It is an effective evaluation to be included in the disaster management system to protect the conservation areas. The critical visual and statistical information presented to the decision-makers can help in mitigation or adaption before crossing a threshold. This paper aims to contribute in the academic and the practice aspects by offering a potential solution to enhance the disaster data source effectiveness. The key research question that the authors try to answer in this paper is how …

การพยากรณ์การบริโภคน้ำมันสำเร็จรูปกลุ่มหลักของประเทศไทยด้วยเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ของเครื่อง, พิศาล สามัง

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

กิจกรรมทางเศรษฐกิจของประเทศไทยในปัจจุบันมีการใช้ประโยชน์จากการบริโภคน้ำมันสำเร็จรูปเป็นหลักในภาคการขนส่ง ภาคอุตสาหกรรม และภาคครัวเรือน การพยากรณ์การบริโภคน้ำมันสำเร็จรูปเป็นวิธีหนึ่งที่ช่วยให้ผู้ที่เกี่ยวข้องใช้ตัดสินใจการวางแผนบริหารจัดการน้ำมันสำเร็จรูปให้เพียงพอต่อความต้องการใช้งานที่จะเกิดขึ้นในอนาคต งานวิจัยนี้นำเสนอและเปรียบเทียบตัวแบบการพยากรณ์เพื่อใช้สำหรับการพยากรณ์ปริมาณการบริโภคน้ำมันสำเร็จรูปกลุ่มหลักของประเทศไทย ได้แก่ น้ำมันดีเซล น้ำมันเบนซิน และน้ำมันเครื่องบิน ซึ่งเป็นน้ำมันสำเร็จรูปที่มีปริมาณการบริโภคมากที่สุด 3 อันดับแรก วัตถุประสงค์ของงานวิจัยนี้คือเพื่อศึกษาวิธีการพยากรณ์และเลือกตัวแบบที่เหมาะสมสำหรับการพยากรณ์ปริมาณการบริโภคน้ำมันสำเร็จรูปกลุ่มหลักของประเทศไทยโดยการเปรียบเทียบผลการพยากรณ์ของตัวแบบอนุกรมเวลาเชิงสถิติ ตัวแบบการพยากรณ์เชิงสาเหตุ ตัวแบบการเรียนรู้ของเครื่อง และตัวแบบผสม ความแม่นยำของการพยากรณ์จะถูกเปรียบเทียบโดยใช้ค่าเฉลี่ยของร้อยละความคลาดเคลื่อนสัมบูรณ์ (MAPE) ข้อมูลที่ใช้ในงานวิจัยนี้เป็นข้อมูลรายไตรมาสในช่วงเวลาตั้งแต่เดือนมกราคม พ.ศ. 2536 ถึงเดือนธันวาคม พ.ศ. 2562 ตัวแบบที่ศึกษาในงานวิจัยนี้ได้แก่ Holt-Winters, SARIMA, SARIMAX, Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), RANSAC Regression, K-nearest Neighbor Algorithm (KNN), Support Vector Regression (SVR), Adaboost (ADA), Artificial Neural Network (ANN) และตัวแบบผสม ผลการศึกษาพบว่าตัวแบบผสม SARIMAX-ANN-SVR-RANSAC-REG ตัวแบบผสม SARIMAX-ANN-RANSAC-REG และตัวแบบผสม SARIMAX-SVR มีความแม่นยำสูงและเหมาะสมที่สุดในการพยากรณ์ปริมาณการบริโภคน้ำมันดีเซล น้ำมันเบนซิน และน้ำมันเครื่องบิน ตามลำดับ และมีค่า MAPE เท่ากับ 2.2785% 1.9966% และ 3.5055% ตามลำดับ

Optimization Model For Project Manager Assignments, Neeti Verma, Poonam Ganoskar, Pallavi Gusain, Thanvi Vemulapally, Sai Kalyan, Bala Krishnamoorthy, Sai Kalyan Krishna Gali

Engineering and Technology Management Student Projects

The main objective of every project in an organization is to maximize its profit. This maximization of profit can be achieved through proper allocation of project managers to projects in an organization. But assigning a project to a project manager is still considered a difficult issue and is not yet fully addressed in the literature. However, in high-tech industries various project assignment methodologies are used to assign project managers to multiple projects and reassignment during new-product development projects. The aim of the optimization model created in this project is to develop a framework for project assignments to project managers including …