Operations Research, Systems Engineering and Industrial Engineering Commons^™

Intermodal Hubs In The Physical Internet, Nadeepa Wickramage, Bill Ferrell

14th IMHRC Proceedings (Karlsruhe, Germany – 2016)

Distribution of finished goods is currently an effective but inefficient process that consumes significant quantities of fossil fuel to move empty assets. This results in increased costs that are passed to the consumer and unnecessarily increased carbon emissions. The Physical Internet (PI) is focused on shared logistics that could prove to be an important element of next-generation logistics systems. The idea is to store and transport goods in anonymous standard-sized containers so that transportation and warehousing can be efficiently shared by many companies including competitors. If implemented, this idea has the potential of dramatically increasing efficiency thereby reducing fuel consumption …

Analyzing Order Throughput Times In A Milkrun Picking System, J. P. Van Der Gaast, M.B. M. De Koster, Ivo J.B.F. Adan

14th IMHRC Proceedings (Karlsruhe, Germany – 2016)

E-commerce fulfillment competition evolves around cheap, speedy, and time-definite delivery. Milkrun order picking systems have proven to be very successful in providing handling speed for a large, but highly variable, number of orders. In this system, an order picker picks orders that arrive in real time during the picking process; by dynamically changing the stops on the picker’s current picking route. The advantage of milkrun picking is that it reduces order picking set-up time and worker travel time compared to conventional batch picking systems. This paper is the first in studying order throughput times of multi-line orders in a milkrun …

A Lagrangian Relaxation For Capacitated Single Allocation P-Hub Median Problem With Multiple Capacity Levels, Ching-Jung Ting, Kuo-Rui Lu

14th IMHRC Proceedings (Karlsruhe, Germany – 2016)

In this paper we consider a capacitated single allocation p-hub median problem with multiple capacity levels (CSApHMPMC) in which the decisions are to determine the location of p hubs and their capacity levels, the single allocation of non-hub nodes to hubs in the logistics network. This problem is formulated as an integer programming model with the objective of minimizing the sum of total transportation cost and fixed cost of the selected p hubs with established capacity levels. A Lagrangian relaxation (LR) approach is proposed to solve the CSApHMPMC. The Lagrangian function that we formulated decomposed the original problem into smaller …

Kinematic Modeling Of An Automated Laser Line Scanning System, Kiran Sunil Deshmukh

Wayne State University Theses

This research work describes the geometric coordinate transformation in an automated laser line scanning system caused by movements required for scanning a component surface. The elements of an automated laser scanning system (robot, laser line scanner, and the component coordinate system) function as a mechanical linkage to obtain a trajectory on a component surface. This methodology solves the forward kinematics, derives the component surface, and uses inverse kinematic equations to characterize the movement of the entire automated scanning system on point trajectory. To reach a point on the component, joint angles of robot have been calculated. As a result, trajectory …

การลดของเสียในกระบวนการผลิตอุปกรณ์ส่งและรับสัญญาณ, กนกวรรณ บุญฤทธิ์ศักดิ์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อลดปริมาณของเสียอุปกรณ์ส่งและรับสัญญาณทางแสงที่เกิดจากค่าแรงเฉือนของการยึดติดระหว่างชิ้นส่วนเลนส์บนแผ่นประกอบวงจรไฟฟ้าชนิดยืดหยุ่น (FPCBA: Flexible Printed Circuit Board Assembly) ซึ่งมีกระบวนการผลิตเริ่มจาก (1) นำแผ่นประกอบวงจรไฟฟ้าชนิดยืดหยุ่น (FPCBA) ที่ผ่านการประกอบวงจรอิเล็กทรอนิกส์แล้วมาทำความสะอาด (2) หยอดกาวชนิด Urethane Acrylate (UA) จำนวน 8 ตำแหน่งบนแผ่น FPCBA (3) ยิงและอบด้วยแสงยูวี (4) หยอดกาวชนิดEpoxyสีดำ (5) อบด้วยความร้อน ดำเนินการวิเคราะห์หาสาเหตุโดย (1) ศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างค่าแรงเฉือนที่ได้กับจำนวนการเกิดสีขาวขุ่นของกาวUA บนแผ่น FPCBA (2) ตรวจสอบลักษณะข้อบกพร่องของการยึดติดกาวด้วยกล้องจุลทรรศน์เล็กตรอนแบบส่องกราด (3) วิเคราะห์องค์ประกอบของชนิดคราบกาวและตรวจหาหมู่ฟังก์ชันด้วยเครื่อง FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer) (4) วิเคราะห์หาขั้นตอนที่ทำให้เกิดของเสีย โดยพิจารณาจากขั้นตอนท้ายไปหน้า (5) ดำเนินการปรับปรุง ผลการศึกษาพบว่า 1) ค่าแรงเฉือนมีค่าลดลงเมื่อมีจำนวนตำแหน่งของกาวUA เปลี่ยนสีจากใสเป็นขาวขุ่นมากขึ้น 2) ลักษณะของเสียกาวUAขาวขุ่นเกิดขึ้นที่ขั้นตอนการทำความสะอาด โดยวิธีทำความสะอาดของพนักงานมีอิทธิพลมากที่สุด ซึ่งลักษณะของเสียกาวUA ขาวขุ่นเกิดจากกาวUA ที่ไม่ยึดติดบน FPCBA ซึ่งเกิดจากการทำความสะอาดที่ไม่เพียงพอ 3) ระยะทางในการทำความสะอาดต่อก้านสำลีและการทำซ้ำที่ใช้เช็ดทำความสะอาด ส่งผลต่อการเกิดกาวUAขาวขุ่น 4) การใช้สารระเหยทำความสะอาดชิ้นงานชนิด IPA (Isopropyl Alcohol) ที่มีจุดเดือด 82.6°C ซึ่งใกล้เคียงกับอุณหภูมิที่ใช้ในขั้นตอนการอบชิ้นงานเท่ากับ90±5°C ซึ่งเป็นขั้นตอนสุดท้าย เป็นสาเหตุให้กาวUA เปลี่ยนสีจากใสเป็นขาวขุ่น เนื่องจากไอระเหยที่ไล่ออกไม่หมด 5) การใช้สารระเหยชนิดเมธนอล (Methanol) ที่มีจุดเดือด 64.7°C ทดแทน IPA พบว่าของเสียจากกาวUA ขาวขุ่นลดลงจากเดิมก่อนศึกษา 33% เป็น 7% และไม่เกิดกาวขาวขุ่นอีกเลย ตามลำดับ

Complex System Governance For Acquisition, Joseph Bradley, Polinpapilinho Katina, Charles Keating

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

As acquisition processes have become more complex, they appear to no longer be governable by traditional approaches. Missed budgets, delayed deliveries, and expensive canceled systems appear to becoming more prevalent. Numerous investigations have been conducted attempting to elicit the factors that prevented success. Those systems that succeed in terms of usability, budget, and delivery schedule are the rarity and often become case studies themselves as we try to extract the characteristics that differentiate success from failure. A different viewpoint is to look at the acquisition system from the perspective of Complex Systems Governance (CSG). Recent developments in the field of …

A Holistic Framework For Effective Engineering Leadership Development Using 3d Virtual World Simulation, Hamed Almalki

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Problems associated with the limited success of traditional engineering leadership development are the absence of embedded real-life industry case studies in leadership development and incorrect applications of leadership strategies in the various contexts. Though recommended programs for enhancing leadership development exist, they lack an examined framework, especially when it comes to leadership development of undergraduate engineering students. In this research effort, the impact of a framework using 3D virtual world simulation and the 4-D Leadership System to enhance the leadership abilities of undergraduate engineering students at the individual and team levels based on industrial leadership case studies was investigated. The …

A Predictive Model To Identify Caregivers At Risk Of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Abdulelah Ali

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Healthcare systems face several challenges due to the aging workforce, recruitment shortages, increasing patient acuteness, and increasing patient size and weight. The most costly, leading, and prevalent problem in the healthcare industry and nursing professions is work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). MSDs are common among caregivers because of the nature of their work, which requires repetitive heavy physical activity. The development of MSDs among caregivers negatively impacts the quality of care, and incurs high costs such as worker compensation, days away from work, turnover, rehabilitation, and lower productivity. Therefore, it is essential to determine the factors that contribute to musculoskeletal disorder …

The Effect Of Baldrige Performance Excellence Program On Organization's Innovation/Dynamic Capabilities, Mohammed Alomairy

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation investigated the effect of Baldrige performance excellence program on organization's innovation/dynamic capabilities improvement. According to the literature, there is little or no practical method for building dynamic/innovation capabilities within organizations. The study hypothesizes that Baldrige performance excellence program helps organizations to systematically develop the required dynamic/innovation capabilities for innovation. Twenty-four organizations that had implemented Baldrige program over the past five years participated in this research study. Two types of data were measured/collected from these organizations; Performance excellence data and Innovation capabilities data. To avoid bias in the data collection, the two data were measured and collected at different …

A New Six Sigma Implementation Approach For Power Generation Gas Turbines Repair Process Development, Somesh Ghunakikar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Power Generation gas turbines used for heavy duty application mainly constitutes three modules; compressor, combustion and turbine. Typically, all these parts are designed by OEM companies for specific number of hours and cycles (also known as starts) before they become dysfunctional. In addition, Gas Turbine (GT) also have intended repair interval depending upon the type of part application and anticipated damages during service operation. Thus, GT parts need inspections and repair (overhaul) after certain operating hours in order to recondition them so that they can be fit for reoperation to produce power. In this dissertation, a unique six sigma DFSS …

Modeling And Solving Large-Scale Stochastic Mixed-Integer Problems In Transportation And Power Systems, Zhouchun Huang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this dissertation, various optimization problems from the area of transportation and power systems will be respectively investigated and the uncertainty will be considered in each problem. Specifically, a long-term problem of electricity infrastructure investment is studied to address the planning for capacity expansion in electrical power systems with the integration of short-term operations. The future investment costs and real-time customer demands cannot be perfectly forecasted and thus are considered to be random. Another maintenance scheduling problem is studied for power systems, particularly for natural gas fueled power plants, taking into account gas contracting and the opportunity of purchasing and …

Assessing The Effect Of Social Networks On Employee Creativity In A Fast-Food Restaurant Environment, Mitchell Rabinowitz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Creativity has been widely recognized as critical to the economic success of organizations for over 60 years. Today, it is considered to be the most highly prized "commodity" of businesses. As such, there have been numerous efforts to better understand creativity with the goal of increasing individual creativity and therefore improving the economic success of organizations. An emerging area of research on creativity recognizes creativity as a complex, social process that is dependent upon many factors, including those of an environmental nature. In support of this perspective, a growing amount of research has investigated the effect of social networks on …

Data Mining Models For Tackling High Dimensional Datasets And Outliers, Orestis Panos Panagopoulos

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

High dimensional data and the presence of outliers in data each pose a serious challenge in supervised learning. Datasets with significantly larger number of features compared to samples arise in various areas, including business analytics and biomedical applications. Such datasets pose a serious challenge to standard statistical methods and render many existing classification techniques impractical. The generalization ability of many classification algorithms is compromised due to the so-called curse of dimensionality. A new binary classification method called constrained subspace classifier (CSC) is proposed for such high dimensional datasets. CSC improves on an earlier proposed classification method called local subspace classifier …

A Biomechanical Comparison Between Expert And Novice Manual Materials Handlers Using A Multi-Joint Emg-Assisted Optimization Musculoskeletal Model Of The Lumbar Spine, Denis Gagnon, André Plamondon, Christian Larivière

Études primaires

Expertise is a key factor modulating the risk of low back disorders (LBD). Through years of practice in the workplace, the typical expert acquires high level specific skills and maintains a clean record of work-related injuries. Ergonomic observations of manual materials handling (MMH) tasks show that expert techniques differ from those of novices, leading to the idea that expert techniques are safer. Biomechanical studies of MMH tasks performed by experts/novices report mixed results for kinematic/kinetic variables, evoking potential internal effect of expertise. In the context of series of box transfers simulated by actual workers, detailed internal loads predicted by a …

Subject-Specific Biomechanics Of Trunk: Musculoskeletal Scaling, Internal Loads And Intradiscal Pressure Estimation, F. Ghezelbash, A. Shirazi-Adl, N. Arjmand, Z. El-Ouaaid, A. Plamondon

Études primaires

Development of a subject-specific computational musculoskeletal trunk model (accounting for age, sex, body weight and body height), estimation of muscle forces and internal loads as well as subsequent validation by comparison with measured intradiscal pressure in various lifting tasks are novel, important and challenging. The objective of the present study is twofold. First, it aims to update and personalize the passive and active structures in an existing musculoskeletal kinematics-driven finite element model. The scaling scheme used an existing imaging database and biomechanical principles to adjust muscle geometries/cross-sectional-areas and passive joint geometry/properties in accordance with subjects’ sex, age, body weight and …

A Meta-Architecture Analysis For A Coevolved System-Of-Systems, George Anthony Muller Iv

Masters Theses

"Modern engineered systems are becoming increasingly complex. This is driven in part by an increase in the use of systems-of-systems and network-centric concepts to improve system performance. The growth of systems-of-systems allows stakeholders to achieve improved performance, but also presents new challenges due to increased complexity. These challenges include managing the integration of asynchronously developed systems and assessing SoS performance in uncertain environments.

Many modern systems-of-systems must adapt to operating environment changes to maintain or improve performance. Coevolution is the result of the system and the environment adapting to changes in each other to obtain a performance advantage. The complexity …

Analysis Of Va Sacramento Medical Center Capacity Using Discrete Event Simulation, Tatiana Alejandra Cardona

Masters Theses

"The development of simulation models continues to provide effective solutions to a wide range of problems in healthcare systems. In the research presented within this thesis is the development of a representative and validated discrete event simulation model for the purpose of evaluating additional capacity. The study consists of a detailed exploratory analysis, verification and validation tests of the simulation results, and a thorough design of experiments. The exploratory analysis consisted of developing simulation models that provide similar characteristics found in the data. The design of experiments consisted of generating scenarios of various bed additions in the hospital units of …

Data Analysis For Driving Pattern Identification And Driver's Behavior Modeling In A Freeway Work Zone, Hari Narayanan Vijaya Raghavan Nadathur

Masters Theses

"A variety of methods are used by Departments of Transportation (DOT) for informing drivers about upcoming work zones. One such method is work zone signage configuration. Signage plays an important role in work zones to provide guidance to drivers when conditions on the road vary from normal. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of different configurations, by law, before implementation of new signage designs that deviate from the national standards.

The Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) is a compilation of national standards for all traffic control devices, including road markings, highway signs, and traffic signals. In …

Analyzing Cognitive Workload Through Eye-Related Measurements: A Meta-Analysis, Melissa Patricia Coral

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Understanding cognitive workload has become a vital topic for researchers in developing future systems. Existing research has investigated the use of physiological measurements of the eye with cognitive workload, though a quantitative synthesis has yet to be performed. A meta-analysis was conducted to examine the effects of cognitive workload on eye-related measurements. The objective of this meta-analysis is not to determine a difference between the levels of workload, but to identify reliable measurements. Measurements through blinks, saccades, pupils, and fixations were examined. Twenty-two studies, contributing to a total of sixty entries, met the appropriate inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. Findings …

Using Case-Based Reasoning For Simulation Modeling In Healthcare, Khaled Alshareef

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The healthcare system is always defined as a complex system. At its core, it is a system composed of people and processes and requires performance of different tasks and duties. This complexity means that the healthcare system has many stakeholders with different interests, resulting in the emergence of many problems such as increasing healthcare costs, limited resources and low utilization, limited facilities and workforce, and poor quality of services. The use of simulation techniques to aid in solving healthcare problems is not new, but it has increased in recent years. This application faces many challenges, including a lack of real …

Heuristic And Exact Algorithms For The Two-Machine Just In Time Job Shop Scheduling Problem, Mohammed Al Salem, Leonardo Bedoya-Valencia, Ghaith Rabadi

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

The problem addressed in this paper is the two-machine job shop scheduling problem when the objective is to minimize the total earliness and tardiness from a common due date (CDD) for a set of jobs when their weights equal 1 (unweighted problem). This objective became very significant after the introduction of the Just in Time manufacturing approach. A procedure to determine whether the CDD is restricted or unrestricted is developed and a semirestricted CDD is defined. Algorithms are introduced to find the optimal solution when the CDD is unrestricted and semirestricted. When the CDD is restricted, which is a much …

Towards A Systems Theory-Based Curriculum For Complex Systems Governance, Polinpapilinho Katina, Joseph M. Bradley

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

The purpose of this paper is to explore challenges associated with the development of a curriculum for an emerging field of Complex System Governance (CSG) that could be used for instruction and teaching leaders, managers, and students interested in increasing their knowledge, skills, and abilities about CSG. CSG has been suggested as a means to (1) expose deep system issues impacting performance, (2) introduce practitioners to new thinking, technologies, tools, and methods to address these issues, and (3) institutionalize capabilities to continuously advance governance. As with all new approaches, a curriculum in an emerging field is an essential element for …

Optimal Energy Management System For A Net Zero Building Using Multi-Agent Systems Approach, Arzhang Ghassemi Pashakalaei

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Buildings have a significant impact on energy usage and the environment. Much of the research in architectural sustainability has centered on economically advanced countries because they consume the most energy and have the most resources. However, sustainable architecture is important in developing countries, where the energy consumption of the building sector is increasing significantly. The aims of this Thesis are investigating using the hybrid system, which formed by interconnecting two source of renewable energy as solar (PV arrays) and wind (turbine) along with city grid for compensation purposes wherever it is required. In this Thesis, after literature review, we consider …

A Novel Approach To Control Corrosion Behaviour On Bio Materials Using Taguchi Method (Design Of Experiments), Sai Dhiresh Kilari

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

In the present work, the Taguchi method, from the design of experiment (DOE) has been used to optimize the dip testing method to test the corrosion resistance of bio degradable materials such as PLA (Polylactic acid)and PCL (Polycaprolactone). A L9 (9) orthogonal array of Taguchi design was used, which involves nine experiments for three parameters (pH, sample, temperature) with three levels was used. Corrosion resistance in various pH change of HCL solution was evaluated by dip tests at various temperatures. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is performed on the obtained measured data and S/N (signal to noise) ratios. The lower the …

Enhancing Surface Finish Of Fused Deposition Modeling Parts Through Targeted Chemicals And Design Of Experiments, Saurabh Nayyar Nayyar

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is one of the most popular rapid prototyping (RP) technologies due to its low operational cost, high fabrication speed, and range of applications served. However, FDM fabricated parts generally have poor surface finish quality which have limited their utilization in end-use applications. To enhance surface quality of FDM materials, several researchers have regulated key process parameters using the FDM material, Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS), with varying results. The main goal of this research is to investigate the effects of a post-fabrication chemical treatment process on the surface roughness for FDM parts of the FDM material ULTEM. …

Design Of Experiments-Based Scara Robot Parameter Evaluation For Embedding Electronics Into 3d Print, Sreekara Charith Boppana

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Additive manufacturing processes combined with enhanced technologies for electronics production enables a highly flexible manufacturing of personalized 3D electronic devices. Due to the enormous progress within the last years, these technologies made their way from prototyping towards manufacturing. The growing request for products manufactured in batch size, making use of a robot to incorporate the electronic components necessary to make functional 3-Dimensional-Structural Electronics will extend the mass production possibilities. There is significant interest in automation of a process is which parameters are influential in the occurrence of assembly defects and which adjustments should be made to those variables to reduce …

Period Batch Control - A Production Planning System Applied To Virtual Manufacturing Cells, Z. Tesic, B. Stevanaov, V. Jovanovic, M. Tomic, C. Kafol

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

Period Batch Control (PBC) system has been known for its implementation with the classical group technology (GT) cells, and it has been known for its simplicity. The main production planning decisions concern the choice of the period length and the stage number and contents. Also, in order to better integrate the production planning with the application of GT cells at the shop floor, the concept of virtual manufacturing cells has been applied. Since virtual cells configurations are changing periodically, a model for implementing the PBC system into virtual manufacturing cells environment is developed. The model enables alignment of the PBC …

Pilot Programs For Veterans Transition To Engineering Fields, Vukica M. Jovanovic, Anthony W. Dean, Carol L. Considine, Karina Arcaute, Petros Katsioloudis, Mileta Tomovic, Thomas B. Stout, Connor Schwalm, Jennifer G. Michaeli, Yuzhong Shen

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

Veterans, through their active service, frequently receive training in highly skilled technical areas. However, they may lack a theoretical background in underlying engineering principles. They also need additional support with the transition from a highly structured military environment to an environment with more ambiguous time constraints and different sorts of responsibilities. Moreover they are facing challenges which are specific for their student population. Therefore, enabling multiple mechanisms which would support them and provide them necessary guidance are especially important at universities with large veteran populations such as at Old Dominion University in Norfolk, Virginia. Hence, there is a need for …

Assessing Safety Culture Among Personnel In Governmental Construction Sites At Saudi Arabia: A Quantitative Study Approach, Omar Alrehaili

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Safety is an essential issue for organizations to survive, especially for hazardous industries such as the construction industry. The construction industry is considered to be one of the major industries that help in the growth of the economy and the infrastructure of all countries. Recently, scholars have paid increasing attention to the concept of safety culture due to its role in decreasing the occurrences of accidents and injuries. Safety culture has become the focus of all industries and has received much attention in recent years, especially within the construction industry. Absence of this culture is a major cause of injuries …

The Role Of 'Metasystem' In Engineering A System Of Systems, Polinpapilinho F. Katina, Charles B. Keating, Joseph M. Bradley

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Faculty Publications

Fundamentally, a system of systems is characterized by operational independence, managerial independence, evolutionary development, emergent behavior, and geographical distribution. However, value-wise, a system of systems should provide greater capability beyond that which individual systems can provide. Enabling this greater capability has to be purposely designed for and managed. In this paper, we argue that this is the primary role of the metasystem structure and its execution. A metasystem is a governing structure that provides coordination and integration of multiple systems, brought together to achieve overarching missions and functions beyond those of the constituent systems. This paper articulates the differences between …