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Articles 121 - 150 of 164
Full-Text Articles in Operations Research, Systems Engineering and Industrial Engineering
Use Of Snow-Covered Ranges To Estimate Explosives Residues From High-Order Detonations Of Army Munitions, Thomas F. Jenkins, Marianne E. Walsh, Paul H. Miyares, Alan D. Hewitt, Nicholas H. Collins, Thomas A. Ranney
Use Of Snow-Covered Ranges To Estimate Explosives Residues From High-Order Detonations Of Army Munitions, Thomas F. Jenkins, Marianne E. Walsh, Paul H. Miyares, Alan D. Hewitt, Nicholas H. Collins, Thomas A. Ranney
United States Army: Publications
Estimation of the amounts of residues resulting from high-order detonation of munitions is complicated by the presence of residues from previous detonations and the inability to easily obtain adequately-sized samples to overcome spatial heterogeneity in residue deposition. This study was conducted to assess the use of snow-covered ranges to provide these types of estimates. Specifically, snow-covered ranges were used to estimate the amount of explosives residues that resulted from detonation of individual mortar rounds and a small antipersonnel land mine. At Fort Drum, NY, 60 mm mortars were fired and at Camp Ethan Allen, VT, 81 mm mortars and a …
Biofeedback Via Telehealth: A New Frontier For Applied Psychophysiology, Raymond A. Folen, Larry C. James, Jay E. Earles, Frank Andrasik
Biofeedback Via Telehealth: A New Frontier For Applied Psychophysiology, Raymond A. Folen, Larry C. James, Jay E. Earles, Frank Andrasik
United States Army: Publications
Psychophysiological diagnostic and therapeutic methods, to include biofeedback, have been found to be empirically effective in the treatment of a variety of physical disorders. In many areas of the country, however, certified biofeedback practitioners are not well distributed, limiting patient access to this treatment modality. Psychologists at Tripler Army Medical Center have pioneered efforts to develop and provide these needed services via a telehealth venue. Such capability significantly improves access to care, particularly for patient’s located at considerable distance from the provider. As the telecommunications infrastructure in rural and remote areas is often quite basic, such a system must be …
Child Emotional Maltreatment: A 2-Year Study Of Us Army Cases, Linda K. Jellen, James E. Mccarroll, Laurie E. Thayer
Child Emotional Maltreatment: A 2-Year Study Of Us Army Cases, Linda K. Jellen, James E. Mccarroll, Laurie E. Thayer
United States Army: Publications
Objective: Reports of childhood emotional maltreatment have increased greatly over the past decade. The objective of this research was to determine the types of emotional maltreatment substantiated in a community of US Army families residing temporarily in Germany. Such a description may help to improve the understanding of how a jurisdictional body defines emotional maltreatment in day-to-day practice.
Method: Data were obtained from a review of the minutes of case review committees (CRCs) for 181 cases of child emotional abuse in 1997–1998. We determined the type, number, and severity of incidents, the substantiation rate, and the situations to which children …
Benchmarking In Heatlh Care Foodservice Operations, J.J. Reagon, C.M. Bedmar, M. Worley
Benchmarking In Heatlh Care Foodservice Operations, J.J. Reagon, C.M. Bedmar, M. Worley
United States Army: Publications
A questionnaire focusing on benchmarking measures and practices was developed and pilot tested with 22 foodservice directors at healthcare facilities. A revised questionnaire was mailed nationwide to 200 members of the American Society of Healthcare Foodservice Administrators and 200 members of the American Dietetic Association Practice Group, Management in Food and Nutrition Systems. The 111 respondents (28% response rate) included mostly self-operating foodservice directors using conventional production systems at facilities with an average of 300 patient beds. Nearly all used some type of benchmarking; however, only 28 facilities were benchmarking clinical productivity. Eighty-eight directors had used a benchmarking partner. Most …
Manipulating Dna Conformation Using Intertwined Conducting Polymer Chains, Ramaswamy Nagarajan, Wei Liu, Jayant Kumar, Sukant K. Tripathy, Ferdinando F. Bruno, Lynne A. Samuelson
Manipulating Dna Conformation Using Intertwined Conducting Polymer Chains, Ramaswamy Nagarajan, Wei Liu, Jayant Kumar, Sukant K. Tripathy, Ferdinando F. Bruno, Lynne A. Samuelson
United States Army: Publications
In the field of inherently conducting polymers, polyaniline (Pani) has elicited tremendous interest due to its promising electrical properties and unique redox tunability. Synthetic routes involving the use of polyelectrolytes have significantly improved the processability of polyaniline. Recently, a template guided synthesis catalyzed by an enzyme, horseradish peroxidase (HRP), has provided a means of polymerizing aniline under milder pH conditions (pH 4.3) and subsequently widened the choice of templates to more delicate biological macromolecules. Here we report a strategy that exploits the inherent molecular order as well as the polyelectrolyte behavior of DNA to enzymatically synthesize and biologically assemble conducting …
Response Of A Sage Grouse Breeding Population To Fire In Southeastern Idaho, John W. Connelly, Kerry P. Reese, Richard A. Fischer, Wayne L. Wakkinen
Response Of A Sage Grouse Breeding Population To Fire In Southeastern Idaho, John W. Connelly, Kerry P. Reese, Richard A. Fischer, Wayne L. Wakkinen
United States Army: Publications
Prescribed burning is a common method to eliminate sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) and has been suggested as a tool to enhance the habitat of sage grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus). Effects of this practice on sage grouse have not been evaluated rigorously. We studied effects of prescribed fire on lek (traditional breeding display areas) attendance by male sage grouse occupying low-precipitation (<26 cm) sagebrush habitats in south- eastern Idaho from 1986 through 1994. During the preburn period (1986-89), average declines for male attendance were 48% and 46% for treatment and control leks, respectively. Lek counts were similar for treatment and control leks during the preburn years (G-test, 0.25>P>0.10). During the postburn period (1990-94), male attendance at treatment leks declined 90% and control leks declined 63%. Although declines were similar between treatment and control leks during the preburn period, postburn declines were greater for treatment …
Development Of Vaccines For Prevention Of Botulism, Michael P. Byrne, Leonard A. Smith
Development Of Vaccines For Prevention Of Botulism, Michael P. Byrne, Leonard A. Smith
United States Army: Publications
Botulism is a potentially lethal disease caused by one of seven homologous neurotoxic proteins usually produced by the bacterium, Clostridium botulinum. This neuromuscular disorder occurs through an exquisite series of molecular events, ultimately ending with the arrest of acetylcholine release and hence, flaccid paralysis. The development of vaccines that protect against botulism dates back to the 1940s. Currently, a pentavalent vaccine that protects against BoNT serotypes A-E and a separate monovalent vaccine that protects against BoNT serotype F are available as Investigational New Drugs. However, due to the numerous shortcomings associated with the toxoid vaccines, several groups have efforts …
An Intrusive Fluid Mud Surveying System, Allen Teeter, Glynn Banks, Michael Alexander, Andrew Salkield
An Intrusive Fluid Mud Surveying System, Allen Teeter, Glynn Banks, Michael Alexander, Andrew Salkield
United States Army: Publications
A towable sled was developed at the Hydraulics Laboratory of the Waterways Experiment station in conjunction with SIRAD, Inc. to survey navigation channels with "fluff" or fluid mud. Fluid mud layers on the bottom of navigation channels can result in a false bottom record when surveyed with conventional acoustic fathometers. The WES gage was designed to tow along channel bottoms at a specific gravity of about 1.15- 1.20 g/cc and coincide with nautical depth. To monitor this towed density value, a nuclear density gage was installed in the original prototype. Field trials have been completed at the Gulfport, MS, Calcasieu, …
Hydrodynamics For Water Quality Models, Mark Dortch, Billy Johnson
Hydrodynamics For Water Quality Models, Mark Dortch, Billy Johnson
United States Army: Publications
During the past decade, the US Army Engineer Waterways Experiment station (WES) has developed and applied a variety of numerical water quality models for surface waters. In most cases, the transport terms of these models have been computed using output from numerical hydrodynamic models. This paper summarizes the experience of linking water quality models to hydrodynamic models and examines the need for such linkages.
Physical Modeling Of A High Velocity Covered Urban Drainage Channel, Stephen E. Stump, Charles H. Tate, Robert U. Castle
Physical Modeling Of A High Velocity Covered Urban Drainage Channel, Stephen E. Stump, Charles H. Tate, Robert U. Castle
United States Army: Publications
The design of Oak Street Drain, a 3-mile-long rectangular open channel project in Corona, CA, requires a covered section with a sinuous alignment to avoid commercial development. The alignment includes a reverse 100-ft-radius curve and a long 200-ft-radius curve to convey the 100-year design flow of 7,100 cfs at velocities of 40 fps. A physical model was constructed to verify that the proposed design would pass the design flow without adverse hydraulic conditions.
Hydrodynamic Forces And Evolution Of A Nearshore Berm At South Padre Island, Texas, James A. Aidala, Cheryl E. Burke, T. Neil Mclellan
Hydrodynamic Forces And Evolution Of A Nearshore Berm At South Padre Island, Texas, James A. Aidala, Cheryl E. Burke, T. Neil Mclellan
United States Army: Publications
The evolution of a nearshore feeder berm was correlated to the hydrodynamic forces acting on it for periods of time during which bathymetric and hydrodynamic data sets were available. The evolution of the berm was described in the context of movement and erosion based on wave orbital velocity and bottom current. The berm was constructed and placed offshore at South Padre Island, Texas.
Visualization Of Groundwater Contaminant Parameters, Gregory D. Comes, James Warner, Paul Miller
Visualization Of Groundwater Contaminant Parameters, Gregory D. Comes, James Warner, Paul Miller
United States Army: Publications
Numerical groundwater contaminant modeling is a powerful tool to study the extent of subsurface contamination. Three-dimensional contaminant transport models can predict the future lateral and vertical extent of contamination. Geotechnical and hydrological data is required for the calibration and operation of such models. Understanding the interrelationships of the enormous volumes of data required becomes an onerous task. Visualization of both the input and output data aids the researcher in calibration and comprehension of numerical model results. This paper describes the integration of three-dimensional computer visualization with geotechnical and hydrological parameters for numerical groundwater contaminant modeling. Visualization of subsurface parameters in …
The Application Of Ultrasonic Surface Detectors To Hopper Dredge Production Monitoring, Stephen H. Scott, Angela Freeman
The Application Of Ultrasonic Surface Detectors To Hopper Dredge Production Monitoring, Stephen H. Scott, Angela Freeman
United States Army: Publications
Ultrasonic surface detectors were installed on the us Army Corps of Engineers hopper dredge WHEELER for measuring dredge production. Ultrasonic sensors were installed over the bow and stern of the vessel, port and starboard, to measure vessel draft as a function of dredged material load in the hopper. Four ultrasonic sensors were installed over the hopper to measure the bin water depth in the hopper. This paper describes the ultrasonic sensor operation and installation, and data acquisition and analysis for the test series.
Three-Dimensional Incompressible Flow Calculations With Maccormack's Method, Robert S. Bernard, Michael L. Schneider
Three-Dimensional Incompressible Flow Calculations With Maccormack's Method, Robert S. Bernard, Michael L. Schneider
United States Army: Publications
MAC3D is a finite-volume computer code that uses MacCormack's method to calculate three-dimensional incompressible flow on staggered Marker-and-Cell grids. The code accepts nonuniform, nonorthogonal grids for any curvilinear domain that can be mapped onto a single rectangular block. It is applicable for free-surface flow at low Froude number, and for confined flow in general. Computed results from MAC3D are presented for laminar flow in channels with internal obstacles and curved boundaries.
Improved Thermal Predictions In Ce-Qual-W2, Raymond S. Chapman, Thomas M. Cole
Improved Thermal Predictions In Ce-Qual-W2, Raymond S. Chapman, Thomas M. Cole
United States Army: Publications
Recent modifications to the transport scheme within the two-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model CEQUAL- W2 have resulted in a significant improvement in the prediction of temperature distributions by reducing numerical diffusion. These changes allow for a more accurate description of wind effects in the model. This paper briefly describes the modifications to CE-QUAL-W2 and presents results of two simulations both with and without the improvements to the transport algorithm.
Release Alternatives On A 3-D Salinity Simulation, Bernard B. Hsieh
Release Alternatives On A 3-D Salinity Simulation, Bernard B. Hsieh
United States Army: Publications
Hydraulic structures such as darns, locks or diversion gates, in the upstream or tributary of an estuary system can control necessary freshwater discharge to meet downstream water quality standards. One of the most significant purposes of these structures is maintaining target salinity to satisfy the environment concerns, such as fishery spawning in the high-flow season and drinking water criteria in the low-flow period. In order to evaluate possible alternative regulations for the reservoir operation, a reliable three-dimensional (3-D) hydrodynamic model is required as a management tool to simulate the impact of salinity variations due to release policy changes. This paper …
Gas Transfer In Diffused Bubble Plumes, Steven C. Wilhelms, Sandra K. Martin
Gas Transfer In Diffused Bubble Plumes, Steven C. Wilhelms, Sandra K. Martin
United States Army: Publications
The gas transfer in aeration systems is broken into two processes: gas transfer at the bubble interface and gas transfer at the water surface. Experiments were conducted to separate these two sources of dissolved gas. Oxygen absorption was measured in a laboratory tank with air being diffused through a porous diffuser and then with nitrogen gas being diffused. The combination of these experiments along with reformulation of the theoretical transfer equation permit separation of the gas transfer at the water surface and in the rising bubble plume. Estimates of the exchange coefficient for the plume and surface are given.
Hydraulic Structures Versus Zebra Mussels, John J. Ingram, Andrew C. Miller
Hydraulic Structures Versus Zebra Mussels, John J. Ingram, Andrew C. Miller
United States Army: Publications
The United States Army Corps of Engineers (USAE) has begun a four-year research program to develop environmentally sound control strategies for zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) infestations at public facilities. The USAE Waterways Experiment Station has initiated research for these facilities which include water-intake structures, navigation locks, gated dams, outlet works, pumping plants, hydropower plants, drainage structures, dredges and commercial vessels.
Computation Of Long-Term Three-Dimensional Hydrodynamics Of New York Bight, Keu W. Kim, David J. Mark, Norman W. Scheffner, Lynn M. Bocamazo
Computation Of Long-Term Three-Dimensional Hydrodynamics Of New York Bight, Keu W. Kim, David J. Mark, Norman W. Scheffner, Lynn M. Bocamazo
United States Army: Publications
A time-varying three-dimensional (3D) numerical hydrodynamic model has been applied to the New York Bight to provide flow fields to a 3D water quality model. The spatial computational domain extends from Cape May, New Jersey at its south-west end and Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, at the north-east end and seaward to the shelf-break. As illustrated below, the numerical model has more than 2500 active horizontal cells and ten vertical layers. Features of the hydrodynamic model include coupling of temperature grids to better represent geometric features, and an algebraic vertical turbulence model based upon the assumption that turbulence production and dissipation …
Stable Channel And Environmental Design Considerations For An Urban Flood Control Project, Edward F. Sing, Daniel Pridal, Thea Lane
Stable Channel And Environmental Design Considerations For An Urban Flood Control Project, Edward F. Sing, Daniel Pridal, Thea Lane
United States Army: Publications
A case study will be presented of a two phase process of development of the hydraulic design of a flood control project incorporating a creek nestled within an urban greenbelt. The green belt reach consists of the existing, 5 to 15 foot wide tree-lined, low flow channel set within an approximate 100 to 150 foot wide floodway to be created by low berms. Any project features proposed for this reach would need to be environmentally and aesthetically acceptable. The design approach taken in developing the flood control and channel stabilization plan for the greenbelt reach will be presented. This approach …
Rapid Detection Of Hydrocarbon Contamination In Ground Water And Soil, A. M. Chrestman, G. D. Comes, S. S. Kooper, P. G. Malone
Rapid Detection Of Hydrocarbon Contamination In Ground Water And Soil, A. M. Chrestman, G. D. Comes, S. S. Kooper, P. G. Malone
United States Army: Publications
In situ fluorometry is being developed as a method for rapidly detecting and quantifying hydrocarbon contamination in ground water and soil. The results of a fluorometry survey over a site having known fuel contamination are compared to results from a soil gas survey over the same site. The fluorometry data showed three additional contaminated areas that were not detected by soil gas measurements. Soil analyses confirmed the presence of the contaminated areas.
Using A Numerical Model To Evaluate Dredging Options, Ronald R. Copeland
Using A Numerical Model To Evaluate Dredging Options, Ronald R. Copeland
United States Army: Publications
A study was conducted to address a shoaling problem in the vicinity of the Cubits Gap distributary on the lower Mississippi River. Upstream from Cubits Gap the river is relatively deep, but the channel depth decreases as it approaches the distributary, where frequent dredging is required. A one-dimensional numerical model was used to evaluate alternative dredging operations and to forecast sediment accumulation. The numerical model was also used to forecast sediment accumulation based on 30-day flow projections. This information can be used to help determine when to initiate dredging fleet mobilization.
Environmental Engineering Options For Managing Contaminated Sediment, Norman R. Francingues. Jr.
Environmental Engineering Options For Managing Contaminated Sediment, Norman R. Francingues. Jr.
United States Army: Publications
Technologies that have been identified as feasible for remediating contaminated sediment and are peing considered for demonstration in the Great Lakes are presented in this paper. This review is limited to the components and technologies required for removal and management of highly contaminated sediment. Over two hundred technology process options were reviewed for effectiveness, implementability and costs. However, few of these processes have actually been applied to contaminated sediment on a full scale. Most of the technology evaluations have been conducted at the bench scale with limited data available for pilot scale assessment. Therefore, further testing and evaluation of the …
In-Channel Sediment Basins: An Alternative To Dam-Style Debris Basins, Wendy S. Gist, Scott E. Stonestreet, Ronald R. Copeland
In-Channel Sediment Basins: An Alternative To Dam-Style Debris Basins, Wendy S. Gist, Scott E. Stonestreet, Ronald R. Copeland
United States Army: Publications
In-channel sediment basins were designed, in lieu of a traditional debris basin, to capture large sediment loads at the upstream end of a proposed flood control channel. A numerical model, HEC-6, was used to size the basins.
Numerical Modeling Of Reservoir Tailrace Hydraulics For Water Quality And Habitat Analysis, Brad R. Hall, John Nestler
Numerical Modeling Of Reservoir Tailrace Hydraulics For Water Quality And Habitat Analysis, Brad R. Hall, John Nestler
United States Army: Publications
The Waterways Experiment Station has developed dynamic numerical hydraulic and water quality simulation models of the Missouri River reaches downstream of Fort Peck, Garrison, and Fort Randall Dams in support of Master Water Control Manual studies. The numerical modeling approach is to compute spatial and temporal variations in stage and discharge in each of these reaches using UNET, a one-dimensional dynamic flow model. Hydraulic and geometric parameters calculated by UNET are then linked with transport algorithms in the CE-QUAL-RIV1 numerical model for computing spatial and temporal variation in water temperature and dissolved oxygen in each of the modeled reaches. Parameters …
Development Of A Comprehensive Modeling System For Remediation Of Contaminated Groundwater, Jeffrey P. Holland
Development Of A Comprehensive Modeling System For Remediation Of Contaminated Groundwater, Jeffrey P. Holland
United States Army: Publications
The U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station (WES) has proposed development of a Groundwater Modeling System (GMS) for simulating groundwater flow, the transport/fate of subsurface contaminants, and the efficacy of remedial actions. The GMS is proposed to support the needs of the U.S. Army in three main areas: site characterization, contamination assessment, and evaluation of remediation alternatives. To do this, the GMS will include numerical algorithms for simulating the hydrogeologic and biogeochemical processes that must be considered when developing remediation programs for Army and other sites. An essential feature of the GMS will be user interfaces which augment model application …
Modeling Dredged Material Disposed In Open Water, B. H. Johnson, D. N. Mccomas, D. C. Mcvan
Modeling Dredged Material Disposed In Open Water, B. H. Johnson, D. N. Mccomas, D. C. Mcvan
United States Army: Publications
Physical model disposal tests at a 1:50 scale have been conducted to provide guidance on numerical model developments and to provide data sets for numerical model verification. These tests have been conducted with a model split-hull barge and a multibin hopper vessel. Both stationary and moving disposals have been monitored. Results imply that the bulk behavior of the disposal material in both the descent and bottom surge phases can be approximately scaled to the prototype. Visual observations have resulted in modifications to an existing numerical model such that the disposal is represented by a series of downward convecting clouds from …
An Acoustic Impedance Method For Subbottom Material Characterization, Richard G. Mcgee, Robert F. Ballard, Jr.
An Acoustic Impedance Method For Subbottom Material Characterization, Richard G. Mcgee, Robert F. Ballard, Jr.
United States Army: Publications
This paper discusses modified seismic reflection technique tailored to the characterization of bottom and subbottom materials. The application of acoustic impedance principles has resulted in the development of a method for rapidly determining the type and density of subbottom materials scheduled for dredging. Acoustic theory is discussed only in sufficient detail to enable the reader to understand basic concepts.
Overtopping Protection Alternatives For Dams, Noel R. Oswalt
Overtopping Protection Alternatives For Dams, Noel R. Oswalt
United States Army: Publications
A reevaluation of design floods for dam safety within the united states showed that the need to modify dams to accommodate larger floods has greatly increased in recent years. The occurrence of larger design floods would result in overtopping of the dams at many existing reservoirs due to insufficient storage or release capacity. When the addition of storage or release capacity becomes impractical or too costly, dam owners must sometimes resort to providing overtopping protection.
An ASCE Hydraulics Division Task committee on Alternatives for Overtopping Protection for Dams was established in 1991 to inventory and evaluate modification alternatives for new, …
A Numerical Simulation Approach To Estimating Disposal Site Stability, Norman W. Sheffner
A Numerical Simulation Approach To Estimating Disposal Site Stability, Norman W. Sheffner
United States Army: Publications
A systematic methodology is described for estimating the long-term response of a dredged material site to local environmental forcings. The methodology is based on the development of user-accessible data bases of wave and current time series and the subsequent application of these boundary conditions to coupled hydrodynamic, sediment transport, and bathymetry change models. The approach was developed to provide an estimate of long-term material fate for use in determining whether an existing or proposed disposal site will be dispersive or nondispersive over periods of time on the order of months to years.