Energy Systems Commons^™

Performance Analysis Of A Converted Electric Underbone Motorcycle: A Combined Dynamometer And Road Test Approach, Dhimas Oki Permata Aji, Sigit Suwarto, Yunus Ari Rokhim

Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST)

In developing countries, converting traditional underbone motorcycles to electric vehicles transforms sustainable transportation from a theoretical concept to a practical implementation. This paper describes the design and operational performance evaluation of an electric underbone motorcycle conversion system that integrates a 2.0 kW, 72 V BLDC motor and a 72 V, 20 Ah lithium-ion battery pack. Compared to previous studies, this paper combines, for the first time, both dynamometer and road tests as the basis for a comprehensive performance assessment of low-cost motorcycle conversion. The dynamometer test was conducted under laboratory conditions to evaluate the test system for torque, power output, …

Energy Assessment Of E-Motorcycles As A Clean Transport Mode For Passenger Mobility: A Case Of Ilala District, Dar Es Salaam, John Shirima

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

Electric motorcycles or e-motorcycles is a clean mode of road transport that present a prominent solution toward decarbonizing cities. Despite of e-motorcycles being cleaner than gasoline ones, at the moment, there is missing information whether it is feasible to replace gasoline motorcycles with e-motorcycles used for business transport purposes. This paper, therefore, presents the results comparing energy usage when using e-motorcycles and when using the gasoline motorcycles. The energy demand for driving passengers using an e-motorcycle in the precarious routes originated from Gongo la Mboto bus stop to Segerea bus stop, Buguruni Malapa, Gerezani bus stop, Kivukoni bus stop, and …

Development Of An Accelerated Life Testing Method For Reliability Assessment Of Wire Bonded Interconnects Subjected To Mechanical And Electromigratory Stresses, Whit Vinson

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Power electronic advancement trends indicate that device power density will continue to increase as a result of increased power requirements and desired device form factor reduction in order to reduce weight and material costs and increase ease of integration into next-generation power systems. With these advancements come concerns regarding device reliability. The compounded effects of increased power density and form factor reduction in electrical conductors will yield amplified joule heating effects in addition to the already increasing device temperature profiles resulting from the incorporation of wide bandgap technology into power systems. Joule heating effects can lead to a variety of …

Performance And Economical Analysis Of Different Insulating Materials Used To Reduce The Heat Load Of An Existing Residential Building, Radwa A. El-Awadly, Ahmed A. Abdel-Rehim

Mechanical Engineering

The energy consumption from the residential sector is an important element which has an impact on the total energy consumption in any country. The heating and air conditioning loads can be reduced through many means. Using thermal insulation in buildings does not only contribute in reducing the required air conditioning system size, but also in reducing the annual energy cost for the whole building. In this case, the energy saving varies according to the building type, the climatic conditions at which the building is located as well as the type of the insulating material used. In the present study, an …

Untangling The Drivers Of Energy Reduction In The Uk Productive Sectors Efficiency Or Offshoring, Lukas Hardt, Anne Owen, Paul E. Brockway, Matthew K. Heun

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

The UK has been one of the few countries that has successfully decoupled final energy consumption from economic growth over the past 15 years. This study investigates the drivers of final energy consumption in the UK productive sectors between 1997 and 2013 using a decomposition analysis that incorporates two novel features. Firstly, it investigates to what extent changes in thermodynamic efficiency have contributed to overall changes in sectoral energy intensities. Secondly, it analyses how much of the structural change in the UK economy is driven by the offshoring of energy-intensive production overseas. The results show that energy intensity reductions are …

Data On Cost-Optimal Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (Nzebs) Across Europe, Florida Solar Energy Center, Delia D'Agostino

FSEC Energy Research Center®

This data article refers to the research paper A model for the cost-optimal design of Nearly Zero Energy Buildings (NZEBs) in representative climates across Europe [1]. The reported data deal with the design optimization of a residential building prototype located in representative European locations. The study focus on the research of cost-optimal choices and efficiency measures in new buildings depending on the climate. The data linked within this article relate to the modeled building energy consumption, renewable production, potential energy savings, and costs. Data allow to visualize energy consumption before and after the optimization, selected efficiency measures, costs and renewable …

Improved Hot Water Code Calculation, Florida Solar Energy Center, Jeffrey Sonne

FSEC Energy Research Center®

The purpose of this report is to identify hot water waste sources, characterize the implications of climatic differences on hot water use and characterize the energy impacts of hot water recirculation systems and controls with respect to energy consumption in Florida homes, and recommend Florida-specific methods that can be employed in the Florida Energy Code for residential hot water use and energy consumption calculations.

Comparative Performance Of Two Ventilation Strategies In A Hot-Humid Climate, Florida Solar Energy Center, Sarah Widder

FSEC Energy Research Center®

ASHRAE Standard 62.2, 'Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality in Low-Rise Buildings,' is the most commonly referenced residential ventilation standard in the United States. It is currently required by ENERGY STAR Version 3 (V3), the 2012 International Energy Conservation Code, the U.S. Department of Energy's Zero Energy Ready Home Program, many state weatherization programs, and many other home performance programs. The standard calls for ventilation levels that are perceived by some builders and contractors to cause indoor moisture issues in hot-humid climates unless mitigated by supplemental dehumidification systems, which increase overall energy consumption. Therefore, many high-performance home builders in a hot-humid …

An Analysis Of Energy Resources Utilization For Two Metal Joining Manufacturing Processes, Jonathan Gasser

Theses and Dissertations--Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

Sustainable manufacturing involves utilizing energy resources efficiently. Currently, the state of sustainability for a given manufacturing process is described by most in a qualitative sense as opposed to using quantitative metrics. This thesis offers a segment of analysis needed to understand the state of sustainability in the context of energy resource utilization. This was accomplished by measuring the order of magnitude difference between the energy consumption of a manufacturing process vs. the theoretical minimum amount of energy required to complete the same task (aluminum T-joint bond). This analysis was completed for a TIG welding process and a controlled atmosphere brazing …

Numerical Modeling Of Heat Pipe Radiator And Fin Size Optimization For Low And No Gravity Environments, Virginia Ruth Bieger

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

A heat-pipe radiator element has been designed and modeled to study the efficiency of heat transfer for low and no gravity environments, like in lunar environments. The advantages of using heat pipe includes the significant weight reducing and heat transfer efficiency. The heat transfer can be enhanced by the use of condenser sections with attached fins.

A series of various geometries of solid fins and heat pipes with and without fins were modeled using FLUENT®. This was done to determine the validity of using a heat pipe in lieu of a solid fin projection. A heat pipe had a 25 …

Predicting The Performance Of A Solar Domestic Water Heating System With Evacuated Tube Collectors And Hydronic Radiant Flooring, Kimberly Nicole Hammer

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Residential solar thermal system installations have been significantly increasing in the last decade and there exists limited resources for reasonably predicting the performance of those systems. A simulated model is developed in MATLAB® and used to predict the performance of a solar domestic water heating system. In the simulated system, hot water is generated using evacuated tube solar collectors and stored in a domestic hot water storage tank, which utilizes immersed coil heat exchangers. The system is designed to provide hydronic radiant floor heating to its occupants based on the heat loss of a building energy model for an energy-efficient …

Measured Performance Of Occupied, Side-By-Side, South Texas Homes, Florida Solar Energy Center, Dave Chasar

FSEC Energy Research Center®

The performance of three occupied homes built in 2009 in San Antonio, Texas with identical floor plans and orientation were evaluated through a partnership between the Florida Solar Energy Center, CPS Energy, and Woodside Homes of South Texas. Measurements included whole-house gas and electricity use as well as heating, cooling, hot water, major appliances, and indoor and outdoor conditions. One home built to the builder's standard practice served as the control; the other homes demonstrated high performance features.

The goals of this research were to: (1) learn how energy systems affect peak load profiles during the hottest weather conditions; (2) …

Side-By-Side Testing Of Water Heating Systems: Results From The 2010-2011 Evaluation, Florida Solar Energy Center, Carlos Colon

FSEC Energy Research Center®

REVISED MARCH 2013 The Building America (BAPIRC) team at FSEC has released a report containing results from a second testing rotation (Phase II) on seven hot water systems evaluated side-by side. Results show the seasonal performance variation and compares solar systems against electric resistance and the Heat Pump Water Heater (HPWH). Standard and tankless natural gas were also evaluated, where the latter demonstrated a 24% natural gas reduction. The lowest averaged electric power consumptions were demonstrated by the HPWH (2.75 kWh/day) and the PV-pumped solar water heater (3.03 kWh/day). Other testing performed on the HPWH under conditioned and restricted air …

Energy Consumption In Large Wastewater Treatment Plants As A Function Of Wastewater Strength, Timothy Newell, Jacimaria R. Batista, Sajjad Ahmad, Walter Johnson

College of Engineering: Graduate Celebration Programs

Wastewater treatment (WWT) is an energy-intensive process. Strict standards for discharge often require energy intensive advanced treatment technologies. As a result, the number of plants using advanced treatment has increased (Figure 1).

Rising energy costs and concerns about greenhouse gas generation present a major incentive for tracking energy usage of WWT. Energy usage in plant, for instance, typically represents 18 to 30% of the operational budget.

Water efficient fixtures are also increasing loadings of organic matter to plants while lowering or maintaining overall liquid flow. The increased loadings have a significant impact on energy consumption.

Previous work has focused primarily …

Final Report: Space Coast Clean Cities Coalition Programmatic Support, Florida Solar Energy Center, William Young

FSEC Energy Research Center®

This Final Report summarizes the work performed by the Florida Solar Energy Center for U.S. Department of Energy for the National Clean Cities Program to reduce emissions and energy consumption of transportation vehicles. This report describes the activities and events of Florida Space Coast Clean Cities Coalition encompassing a nine county area in east central Florida. FSEC administers the Coalition and support the Coalition Board of Directors with meetings, workshop, reports, mailing list, membership, activities, questionnaires, fuel pricing, alternative vehicle and infrastructure deployment.

Closing The Gap: Getting Full Performance From Residential Central Air Conditioners, Task 4 - Develop New Climate-Sensitive Air Conditioner, Simulation Results And Cost Benefit Analysis, Florida Solar Energy Center, Hugh Henderson, Jr.

FSEC Energy Research Center®

This study evaluated the impacts of conventional and advanced cooling and dehumidification equipment on residential indoor humidity levels and annual energy consumption using whole building computer simulations. The life-cycle cost premium for the various advanced systems was also estimated. Building models were developed for a standard HERS Reference house, meant to represent current residential construction practice, and a High-Efficiency house that would likely qualify for a federal tax credit. The different houses were simulated in seven southeastern U.S. cities and with two ventilation/infiltration scenarios: 1) variable or natural infiltration alone, and 2) mechanical ventilation that complied with ASHRAE Standard 62.2-2004. …

Measured Energy And Peak Demand Reductionfrom High Efficiency Air Conditioner Replacement, Florida Solar Energy Center, John Masiello

FSEC Energy Research Center®

A utility load research project has monitored over 167 single-family residences in Central Florida collecting baseline 15-minute data on air conditioner (AC) power consumption, interior air temperatures and appliance loads over a two year period. Within the project we evaluated the impact of replacing older existing air conditioners with modern high efficiency equipment.

Energy Efficient Design For Florida Educational Facilities, Florida Solar Energy Center, Janet Mcilvaine

FSEC Energy Research Center®

This manual addresses energy efficiency options for new educational facilities in Florida. The recommendations may not be valid when considered outside Florida's hot humid climate or for purposes other than new construction.

Construction funds spent on new construction heavily outweigh (67%) those spent on retrofit, as reported in an annual statistical analysis published by American School and University (September 1992). The comprehensive survey showed that construction funds for new educational facilities nationwide have risen for eight consecutive years, and no region has experienced more growth than the Southeast. Currently, funds spent on energy services (excluding capital outlay, salaries, benefits, and …

Hidden Power Drains: Trends In Residential Heating And Cooling Fan Watt Power Demand, Florida Solar Energy Center, John Proctor

FSEC Energy Research Center®

This paper compiles power draw, air flow, and static pressure measurements of residential air handlers taken during nine separate field tests of space conditioning systems in Arizona, California, Florida, Nevada, and Canada. The field tests show that air handler devices do not meet basic performance standards and that the interactions between components combine to further degrade overall system efficiency. The findings support conclusions from previous research in Canada that called for a systems approach to improving air handler efficiency. This study reports that fan power consumption in U.S. air conditioners is about 40% higher than estimates used in the DOE …

Evaluation Of Resources And Energy Systems At Fort Jefferson Garden Key, Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida Solar Energy Center, James Dunlop

FSEC Energy Research Center®

This report presents an evaluation of the resources and energy systems at Fort Jefferson, located on Garden Key in Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida. Conducted by Florida Solar Energy Center staff on June 11-12, 1997, this evaluation builds on a prior evaluation conducted in May 1989. The purpose of this evaluation was to document the energy and resource needs at the site, and to identify possibilities for reduced costs through conservation measures and renewable energy options.

Approximately 700 kWh of electrical energy is used at Fort Jefferson on a daily average, supplied exclusively by diesel-fueled generators. Average diesel fuel consumption …

Daylighting Dimming And Energy Savings: The Effects Of Window Orientation And Blinds, Florida Solar Energy Center, Lynn Schrum

FSEC Energy Research Center®

The Daylighting Test Facility (DTF) located at Florida Solar Energy Center, was used to study daylight dimming systems and how orientation and blinds effect energy savings. To evaluate the impact of blinds on dimming savings, the energy consumption was compared in two pairs of offices for all four window orientations: north, south, east and west. One office in each pair had blinds in a fixed position (down and open) and the other office had no blinds. From September through December of 1994, data were collected on the north- and south-facing offices. The DTF was rotated 90 degrees and data were …

Measured Natural Cooling Enhancement Of A Whole House Fan, Florida Solar Energy Center, Danny Parker

FSEC Energy Research Center®

An experimental study was carried out in the summer of 1991 to investigate the natural cooling potential of use of a whole house fan in Central Florida's hot and humid climate. The residential building, in Cocoa Beach, FL, is typical of much of the existing housing stock in Florida: a concrete block structure with R-11 ceiling insulation. The building was ventilated with all windows open during the three month summer test period (June-August). Air temperatures and relative humidity inside the home interior along with exterior meteorological conditions (insolation, wind speed, air temperature, relative humidity) were scanned every five seconds with …

Monitored Residential Space Cooling Electricity Consumption In A Hot-Humid Climate: Magnitude, Variation And Reductionfrom Retrofits, Florida Solar Energy Center, Danny Parker

FSEC Energy Research Center®

There are few end-use studies that report monitored space cooling energy consumption for residential buildings in hot-humid climates. This paper reports data from 25 occupied single-family houses in Palm Beach County, Florida (Messenger et.al. 1982). The houses were first monitored for one year in 1981 to establish their space cooling consumption. After the first year of monitoring they received a battery of retrofits predicted to reduce household energy use. Incorporated measures included conversion to high-efficiency air conditioners or heat pumps, added ceiling insulation, window films, awnings, zoned conditioning systems and ceiling fans. The houses were then monitored for an additional …