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Articles 31 - 60 of 86
Full-Text Articles in Energy Systems
Efficient Operation Of Direct Coupled Solar Home Pv System: A Case Of Solar Home Pv System Installed In Dodoma, Tanzania, Sarah P. Ayeng'o
Efficient Operation Of Direct Coupled Solar Home Pv System: A Case Of Solar Home Pv System Installed In Dodoma, Tanzania, Sarah P. Ayeng'o
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Direct coupled Photovoltaic (PV) system is a common topology among most of the off-grid communities in the world. This topology has less components hence resulting in low investment costs. However, it suffers much losses when battery operating voltage is far from maximum power point voltage of PV modules. This scenario can be attributed by different factors such as; variation in solar radiation, load profile and temperature. Efficient operation of these systems is required in order to reduce losses. Usually in direct coupled system, PV modules are connected in parallel with batteries through a charge controller hence making PV output to …
Modeling The Influence Of Internal Factors On Vehicular Mobility Performance, Aziz Mdimi
Modeling The Influence Of Internal Factors On Vehicular Mobility Performance, Aziz Mdimi
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Traffic mobility is significantly influenced by road conditions and the internal factors governing vehicular performance. Internal factors play a crucial role in vehicular mobility, influencing vehicles operate and performance. While existing vehicular mobility models primarily address external factors, external factors such as governor, engine, gear train and differential unit remain underexplored. This study formulates a comprehensive model to address this gap, focusing on the internal components that affect vehicular mobility. The proposed model employs both analytical and numerical methods to derive transfer functions for these subsystems using Matrix Laboratory (MATLAB), aiming to capture the dynamic behavior of vehicles under various …
Necessity Of Education For Efficient And Sustainable Production And Consumption Of Energy In Tanzania, George Kahangwa
Necessity Of Education For Efficient And Sustainable Production And Consumption Of Energy In Tanzania, George Kahangwa
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
This paper reports the findings of a study that was conducted in Tanzania to grasp how the policies, plans and curricula at different levels of education accommodate knowledge gathered on energy to support the fostering of energy education. The study interrogated what necessitates the inclusion of energy education into the curricula in Tanzania. Subscribing to a qualitative approach, the study employed a desk research method to review curricula and other documents guiding secondary and university level education in the country. The study found out that heightening people’s consumption of energy for domestic and industrial purposes constituted the main issue that …
Optimization Pump As Turbine Coupled To A Self-Excited Induction Generator Using Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm, Emanuel J. Nyirenda
Optimization Pump As Turbine Coupled To A Self-Excited Induction Generator Using Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm, Emanuel J. Nyirenda
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
As a way of accelerating the deployment of affordable and clean renewable energy generation technologies, applying a pump working as a turbine coupled to a self-excited induction generator is gaining popularity in various areas including energy recovery and micro hydro systems. However, it is currently challenging to predict the performance of the PAT-SEIG system and there is no agreed-upon rule on the selection of the appropriate system to be installed at a particular site. This paper has presented multi-objective optimization to select the best operating point of the PAT-SEIG system. The results show that the peak efficiencies for the PAT …
Optimal Load Shedding During Service Restoration In Electrical Secondary Distribution Network Based On Reinforcement Learning, Rukia J. Mwifunyi
Optimal Load Shedding During Service Restoration In Electrical Secondary Distribution Network Based On Reinforcement Learning, Rukia J. Mwifunyi
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Increased stress in traditional power systems results in blackouts due to voltage instability attributed to a mismatch between available capacity and load demand, especially in distribution networks. Service restoration schemes are designed to return power supply to the affected parts of the networks. The availability of insufficient supply is a complex problem that requires operational experience or an automatic system. The stochastic nature of load demand significantly impacts service restoration as it results in increased restored demand in case a fault occurs during off-peak hours and helps reduce overload if the fault occurs during peak hours. The study adopts an …
Comparison Of Meteorological Drought Indices In Tanzania Using The Meteorological Drought Monitoring Software Package, Paul Ts Limbu
Comparison Of Meteorological Drought Indices In Tanzania Using The Meteorological Drought Monitoring Software Package, Paul Ts Limbu
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Low precipitation, substantial evaporation, and an unequal distribution of precipitation throughout the area are the characteristics of drought, a climatic abnormality. This study used the Meteorological Drought Monitoring (MDM) software and monthly rainfall data from the Tanzania Meteorological Authority (TMA) to examine and compare the Deciles Index (DI), Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI), Percent of Normal Index (PNI), Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI), Z-Score Index (ZSI), China-Z Index (CZI), and Modified China-Z Index (MCZI) for drought monitoring in Tanzania from 1988 to 2017. It was found that ZSI represented the dry years better than other indices, followed by DI, RAI, PNI, SPI, …
An Optimization Tool For A Standalone Photovoltaic System, Johanes Kasilima
An Optimization Tool For A Standalone Photovoltaic System, Johanes Kasilima
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Stand-alone photovoltaic systems (SAPV) are often used in remote areas where access to grid electricity is limited. This system depends on solar energy. However, Photovoltaic (PV) systems need a greater initial investment than conventional sources of energy, and their effectiveness is reliant on a number of environmental conditions such as the unpredictable solar radiation. One step in reducing the investment cost of a PV system is determining the optimal size of solar PV components that minimize costs. This paper presents a Particle Swarm based optimization tool for sizing Stand-alone PV systems. The optimization tool selects the optimal Levelized Cost of …
Cost Estimation Proxy Models For Economic Evaluations In Petroleum Projects: A Case Study From The Onshore Gas Field In The Southern Coastal Tanzania Basin, Fulmence Kaborogo
Cost Estimation Proxy Models For Economic Evaluations In Petroleum Projects: A Case Study From The Onshore Gas Field In The Southern Coastal Tanzania Basin, Fulmence Kaborogo
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Petroleum economic evaluation involves estimating revenues from forecasted production profiles and field costs including capital expenditures (CAPEX), drilling expenses (DRILLEX), and operating expenses (OPEX). The existing cost-estimating tool requires several inputs making it time-intensive and difficult to use with few data during the early stages of projects. Majority of the previously developed time saving cost estimations proxy models rely on unrealistic assumptions that include uniform operational costs for different fields with a different number of wells, casings, and drilled depths. This work focused at developing proxy models that consider the variability of the development costs with different parameters. The developed …
Employment Of Intelligent Predictive Maintenance On Thermal Power Plant Component Parts Taking Condenser Vacuum As A Case Study, Titus Ajewole
Employment Of Intelligent Predictive Maintenance On Thermal Power Plant Component Parts Taking Condenser Vacuum As A Case Study, Titus Ajewole
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
This work proposes deployment of machine learning in the maintenance of individual constituent parts of steam power plant assemblages. With the condenser vacuum of a steam turbine (in a six-turbine plant assemblage) taken as a case study, information on the past operating parameters of the selected plant component was used to forecast its future working condition. Based on Exponential Gaussian Process of Regression, a model was developed, trained using the diachronic operational data, and employed in determining the future. A quantitative evaluation was employed to provide the distribution of the test values of the data about the lines of regression, …
Designing A Model Of Solar Photovoltaic Water Pumping System For Off-Grid Localities In Tanzania, Imani Mruma
Designing A Model Of Solar Photovoltaic Water Pumping System For Off-Grid Localities In Tanzania, Imani Mruma
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Modeling of photovoltaic (PV) water pumping system for rural water localities is vital especially in these modern days, in Tanzania. This is due to the rise of high number of solar-powered rural water projects constructed lacking appropriate design. The fate result into poor and substandard projects delivering below expectations. Kikombo Solar Water Project situated in Dodoma; Tanzania is one among poorly designed solar project chosen as a case study to validate proposed model. The main problem of Kikombo project is unsatisfactory amount of water from domestic points to satisfy population demand. This matter has been raised by pumping-station attendants and …
Renewable Energy Potential Assessment For Improving Electric Power Availability In Urban Area: A Case Of Msigani Ward In Ubungo Municipal, Tanzania, Respicius Kiiza
Renewable Energy Potential Assessment For Improving Electric Power Availability In Urban Area: A Case Of Msigani Ward In Ubungo Municipal, Tanzania, Respicius Kiiza
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The demand for electricity in urban areas of the developing countries like Tanzania is increasing rapidly due to factors such as increasing population, expansion of economic activities and industrialization. Msigani ward is one of the fourteen (14) administrative urban wards in Ubungo Municipal, Dar es Salaam, located at latitude 6.8031 oS and longitude 39.1188 oE. Recently, there has been observed increase in power demand in this ward. This in turn has caused a supply deficit that sometimes led to large number of interruptions caused by frequent power outage and load shedding. The total capacity of the national grid is limited …
Mppt Dc-Dc Buck-Boost Converter For Off Grid Hybrid Solar-Wind Battery System In Ikuza Island, Tanzania, Aviti Thadei Mushi
Mppt Dc-Dc Buck-Boost Converter For Off Grid Hybrid Solar-Wind Battery System In Ikuza Island, Tanzania, Aviti Thadei Mushi
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Ikuza Island in Kagera-Tanzania faces lack of electricity due to cost challenges of extending the grid by marine cables and other transmission facilities. These makes such endeavour not appealing to the supply authority due to those higher charges. Therefore, this paper undertakes to design hybrid renewable energy sources for the island by specifically focusing on the buck-boost converter for the energy conversion from these renewable resources. The design of the bidirectional buck-boost converter for maximum power point tracking in off-grid hybrid renewable energy systems is multifaceted due to the inhomogeneity nature of the renewable energy sources. The bidirectional buck-boost converter, …
Aquaculture In Hydropower Reservoirs, Racheal Macharia
Aquaculture In Hydropower Reservoirs, Racheal Macharia
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
There is an undoubtedly existing relationship between water, energy, and food and their interaction with the natural environment and mankind. Climate change is the talk of the day in global development discussions as it intensifies water shortages, energy, poverty, food shortages, and environmental degradation. Currently, most of the hydropower dams constructed in Africa are majorly built to store water for agricultural purposes, control flooding, and generate electricity. Notable projects include the seven forks hydropower stations located on the Tana River in Kenya; Aswan high dam in Egypt; Grand Renaissance dam in Ethiopia; Kariba dam in Zimbabwe and Akosombo in Ghana. …
Smart Grid In Tanzania: Research Opportunities, Aviti Thadei Mushi
Smart Grid In Tanzania: Research Opportunities, Aviti Thadei Mushi
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
reinvigorated its power generation capacity significantly to ensure smooth execution of its industrialization agenda and cope with the fourth industrial revolution. To ensure reliable availability of power to sustain its growing economy, Tanzania embarked on a deliberated measure to forge an energy mix. This deliberate measure encompasses the use of renewable energy technologies such as wind, solar, biomass, wastes, and micro hydro; natural gas; and other energy sources which are locally available including coal and geothermal. To effectively and efficiently manage such a growing power system and make electricity accessible to all for higher levels of industrial investment and services, …
Isolation And Performance Test Of Green Low Dosage Hydrate Inhibitors From Local Materials For Improving Flow Assurance In Oil And Gas Industry, Makungu Madirisha
Isolation And Performance Test Of Green Low Dosage Hydrate Inhibitors From Local Materials For Improving Flow Assurance In Oil And Gas Industry, Makungu Madirisha
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The formation of gas hydrates in oil and gas industry can be minimized or prevented by the use of inhibitors. This paper reports on hemicellulose and modified lignin as low dosage gas hydrate inhibitors (LDGHIs). LDGHIs were isolated from sugarcane bagasse (SCB), plant gum exudates (PGE) of Acacia trees, and coconut coir, and further characterized by Attenuated Total Reflectance - Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectrometer, porosimeter and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The PGE and SCB yielded 77.75% and 12.38% of hemicellulose, respectively, while coconut coir yielded 35.59% of lignin which was modified to sodium lignosulfonate (SLS) to improve its solubility in …
Experimental Investigation On Recovery Of Micro Hydropower Dump Load Through Oil Heating System, Joseph H. Kihedu Dr.
Experimental Investigation On Recovery Of Micro Hydropower Dump Load Through Oil Heating System, Joseph H. Kihedu Dr.
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Micro hydropower power generates electrical energy to meet connected electrical demand, that normally fluctuates causing imbalances. Electronic load controller is then used to balance power system by diverting surplus generated power to the dump load commonly resistive load such as bulk water heater. This study investigated use of oil heating system as a replacement for conventional resistive dump load. In comparison to water, oil has high thermal retention therefore can serve as good thermal media. Dump load range ranged between 17 kW to 78 kW. A 6-kW electrical heater was used for laboratory oil heating system from which heated oil …
Design Of International Airport Hybrid Renewable Energy System, Aviti Thadei Mushi
Design Of International Airport Hybrid Renewable Energy System, Aviti Thadei Mushi
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
This paper presents the design and simulation of a hybrid renewable energy system utilizing solar and wind energy sources with a backup generator. The demand for reliable electric energy in support of investments in large social and economic development activities such as airport operations has been an agenda worldwide. In Tanzania, Mwanza International Airport (MIA) expects to consume about 18 MVA of electric power annually to support its operations for the next 25 years. About 78-80% of the world's commercial energy comes from fossil fuels. Non-renewable fuels and other negative effects contribute to global warming through greenhouse gas emissions and …
Factors Influencing Total Productive Maintenance Implementation For Thermal Generation Plants, Ismail W. R. Taifa Dr
Factors Influencing Total Productive Maintenance Implementation For Thermal Generation Plants, Ismail W. R. Taifa Dr
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
This study accepts that the technical and administrative factors can amplify effective total productive maintenance (TPM) implementation at thermal generation plants. It is noted that there is a limited number of studies that have attempted to understand the subject of TPM implementation in the energy sector. Noting this shortcoming, the authors thought it crucial to generate empirical evidence on the factors influencing effective TPM implementation for thermal generation plants, with evidence from gas-fired plants. A sample of 88 respondents was selected and consulted. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed quantitatively by inferential statistics and qualitatively through thematic analysis using …
Sensible Heat Bean Cooker, Casiana Lwiwa
Sensible Heat Bean Cooker, Casiana Lwiwa
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Alternative cooking energy to replace wood fuels is needed in the African context. Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) is a solution but is still based on burning fossil fuel. Electrical cookers can be an alternative as well. However, for off-grid systems this means electrical batteries are required, as the solar electricity from Photovoltaic (PV) panels is intermittent, and as cooking is also to be made after sunset. Heat storage technologies can provide solutions where available energy is stored in the form of heat for cooking when needed. The challenge is then to develop systems which are robust, safe, and technically simple. …
Development Of Solar Pv Systems For Mini-Grid Applications In Tanzania, Seleman Mayanjo
Development Of Solar Pv Systems For Mini-Grid Applications In Tanzania, Seleman Mayanjo
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Access to electricity offers great benefits to development through the provision of reliable and efficient energy sources in the country. Majority of the population living in the remote and rural areas of developing countries mostly sub-Saharan Africa are not supplied with electricity. Although the governments through their electricity companies put their effort to extends the grid distribution networks to remote and rural areas still the coverage were not sufficiently enough due to growing demands for safe and reliable electricity. However, solar as a source of energy remains the least utilized energy source in many countries including Tanzania. Solar Photovoltaic (PV) …
Optimal Energy Management For Off-Grid Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems, Owdean M. Suwi
Optimal Energy Management For Off-Grid Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems, Owdean M. Suwi
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
A photovoltaic (PV)/wind/battery/Generator-Set hybrid power system's energy dispatch is discussed in this research, along with the ideal solution. The optimization model enables the hybrid power system's generating devices to share power appropriately. The main goals are to minimize fuel consumption and costs and maximize the usage of Renewable Energy Sources (RES). The proposed simulation plan succeeds in lowering fuel costs because the diesel generator only kicks on at night and in the early morning when the energy from RES is insufficient to supply the load. The load is supplied with power, and the battery is charged throughout the day, when …
Energy Assessment Of E-Motorcycles As A Clean Transport Mode For Passenger Mobility: A Case Of Ilala District, Dar Es Salaam, John Shirima
Energy Assessment Of E-Motorcycles As A Clean Transport Mode For Passenger Mobility: A Case Of Ilala District, Dar Es Salaam, John Shirima
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Electric motorcycles or e-motorcycles is a clean mode of road transport that present a prominent solution toward decarbonizing cities. Despite of e-motorcycles being cleaner than gasoline ones, at the moment, there is missing information whether it is feasible to replace gasoline motorcycles with e-motorcycles used for business transport purposes. This paper, therefore, presents the results comparing energy usage when using e-motorcycles and when using the gasoline motorcycles. The energy demand for driving passengers using an e-motorcycle in the precarious routes originated from Gongo la Mboto bus stop to Segerea bus stop, Buguruni Malapa, Gerezani bus stop, Kivukoni bus stop, and …
Lead Acid Battery Recycling In The Current Tanzania Industrialization Drive: Challenges And Opportunities, Divina D. Kaombe
Lead Acid Battery Recycling In The Current Tanzania Industrialization Drive: Challenges And Opportunities, Divina D. Kaombe
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
ABSTRACT Advancements in automotive technologies, Information and Communications Technology and renewable energy technologies have increased the use of lead acid batteries as a source of portable and rechargeable energy. This has considerably increased the number of spent batteries with adverse effects on the environment and human health; which calls for recycling of spent batteries. This work was conducted to investigate challenges facing the formal business of recycling spent batteries and potential manufacturers of new lead-acid batteries in Tanzania. The work involved collection of information from key stakeholders such as collectors, dealers, Tanzania Revenue Authority and recyclers. It was found out …
Machine Learning Approach For Classifying Power Outage In Secondary Electric Distribution Network, Stephan Mgaya, Hellen Maziku
Machine Learning Approach For Classifying Power Outage In Secondary Electric Distribution Network, Stephan Mgaya, Hellen Maziku
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Power outage is the problem that hinders social and economic development especially for developing countries like Tanzania. Frequent power outages damage electric equipment, and negatively affect the industrial production process. Power outages cannot be completely eradicated due to uncontrolled cause like natural calamities but technical challenges can be managed and hence reducing power outages. The existing manual methods used to locate power outage like customer calls is inefficient and time consuming. On the other hand, modern method like the Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) still faces a challenge in effectively classifying power line outage due to the nature of imbalanced datasets. …
Renewable Energy Microgrids To Improve Electrification Rate In Democratic Republic Of Congo: Case Of Hydro, Municipal Waste And Solar, Ngondo Otshwe Josue, Aviti Thadei Mushi
Renewable Energy Microgrids To Improve Electrification Rate In Democratic Republic Of Congo: Case Of Hydro, Municipal Waste And Solar, Ngondo Otshwe Josue, Aviti Thadei Mushi
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Worldwide, it is imperative for citizens to have access to electricity. This applies to Congolese--rural and urban dwellers, and if possible, it should be guaranteed by government’s laws and policies. Howev er, the rural and urban areas of Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) suffer majorly from lack of access to electricity. The major reasons are the high costs associated with connection to the national central grid and production insufficiency. Therefore, one feasible approach to electrify these areas is to use microgrids. This technolo gy is decent and viable option for energy revolution since it incorpo rates energy storage systems, distributed …
Assessment Of Energy Efficiency In Beverage Industry, Mahamudu H. Mtebwa
Assessment Of Energy Efficiency In Beverage Industry, Mahamudu H. Mtebwa
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The brewery industry has a significant contribution to the national income. However, it is also associated with energy intensive processes and pollution. In this work, the energy efficiency assessment of the largest brewery in Tanzania i.e., Tanzania Breweries Limited has been conducted. Energy consumption analysis was conducted according to IEEE SA 739 1995. Important parameters used to assess brewery energy efficiency were boiler efficiency and losses, equipment energy productivity as well as load factor. It was found that the main energy consumers are packaging (54.63%), brewing (29.30%) and utilities (15.17%). More importantly, it was found that about 68% of the …
An Experimental Approach Towards Pv-Based Solar System Sizing For An Engineering Laboratory, Muyideen O. Lawal
An Experimental Approach Towards Pv-Based Solar System Sizing For An Engineering Laboratory, Muyideen O. Lawal
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
This study aims at providing an experimental sizing procedure for a rooftop PV-based solar power system for an engineering laboratory. This was achieved by monitoring the peak power and energy delivered by an installed 20W solar panel into an 18 Ah battery. Knowledge of the average daily peak power and energy was used to determine the percentage rated capacity available for use and the sun hour. A load consumption comparison was also carried out with and without the connection of a load to inverter. In addition to this, the monitoring of the no-load consumption of the inverter was carried out. …
Viability Analysis Of Ubungo Ii Gas Power Plant Efficiency Improvement Using Co-Generation System, Aviti Thadei Mushi
Viability Analysis Of Ubungo Ii Gas Power Plant Efficiency Improvement Using Co-Generation System, Aviti Thadei Mushi
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The power utility, Tanzania Electric Supply Company Limited (TANESCO) is faced with challenges of supplying adequate power to the ever-increasing demand. To this end, this paper explores the installed Ubungo Gas Power Plant (UGP II) located in Dar es Salaam to find means of utilizing it in co-generation method. The study embarked on detailed modelling of the system and run simulations which indicated that the co-generation can result to power generation efficiency increase between 10.42 to 50.92%. It is recommended to change the UGP II to exploit this co-generation method. Further, the study could be improved by including more parameters …
Economic Analysis Of Islanded Microgrid: A Case Study Of Kisiju Village - Coastal Region, Jackson Justo
Economic Analysis Of Islanded Microgrid: A Case Study Of Kisiju Village - Coastal Region, Jackson Justo
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The concept of Microgrid (MG) has gained significant attention of researchers and projects on the business side of electrical power generation and utilization, particularly in electrification of islanded areas such as villages. Most of these microgrids are powered by renewable energy resources (RERs) and they distribute power in low voltage distribution networks. Hence, these systems are faced with reliability problems due to the intermittency nature of RERs which affect the technical as well as the return on Investment of specific projects. In the latter context, reliability and economic analysis of the MG systems is an inevitable choice. This paper presents …
Assessment Of The Impacts Of Climate Variability On Hydropower Generation: A Case Study Of The New Pangani Falls, Tanzania, Dativa Byarufu
Assessment Of The Impacts Of Climate Variability On Hydropower Generation: A Case Study Of The New Pangani Falls, Tanzania, Dativa Byarufu
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Climate change poses potential impacts on hydropower generation either positively by increasing or negatively by decreasing river flow. This study assessed the impacts of climate variability on hydropower with a focus on the New Pangani Falls in Tanzania. Rainfall and temperature time series data from 1980-2014 were analyzed in relation to river discharge and associated impacts to hydropower generation. The Man-Kendall test was used to detect trend in both annual and seasonal time series. The results showed a negative trend in annual rainfall with Z= -2.41 at α = 0.05 and the slope Q = -0.964. Seasonal trend analysis showed …