Mechanical Engineering Commons^™

Position And Energy Controlled Impact Treatment For Increasing Strength And Ductility In Stainless Steel, Samuel Scott

Liberty University Research Week

Graduate

Applied

Considering The Influence Of Coronary Motion On Artery‑Specific Biomechanics Using Fluid–Structure Interaction Simulation, Nicholas A. T. Fogell, Miten Patel, Pan Yang, Roosje M. Ruis, David B. Garcia, Jarka Naser, Fotios Savvopoulos, Clint Davies Taylor, Anouk L. Post, Ryan M. Pedrigi, Ranil De Silva, Rob Krams

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

The endothelium in the coronary arteries is subject to wall shear stress and vessel wall strain, which influences the biology of the arterial wall. This study presents vessel-specific fluid–structure interaction (FSI) models of three coronary arteries, using directly measured experimental geometries and boundary conditions. FSI models are used to provide a more physiologically complete representation of vessel biomechanics, and have been extended to include coronary bending to investigate its effect on shear and strain. FSI both without- and with-bending resulted in significant changes in all computed shear stress metrics compared to CFD (p = 0.0001). Inclusion of bending within …

Design And Implementation Of Test Stand Upgrades For Investigating Gearset Churning Losses With Baffles, Matthew Martin

Honors Theses

The automotive industry is continually researching ways to decrease energy losses in drivetrain applications. Rotating gear sets in an oil bath suffer frictional losses due to oil churning. The Center for Advanced Vehicle Design and Simulation (CAViDS) consortium has proposed studies to understand and reduce these churning losses. The primary means to reduce these churning losses are to redirect the oil flow using baffles and/or alter the oil viscosity. To perform churning loss optimization under controlled conditions, an existing test stand was upgraded to improve safety, introduce oil temperature control, and allow for the interchange of baffle designs. For safety, …

Mechanical Characterization Of Additively Manufactured Alloys Compared To Their Wrought Counterparts, Laith A. Alqawasmi

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

Additive manufacturing is a method of manufacturing based on building parts layer by layer, allowing for more control over shape of the product, therefore reducing machining costs, reducing material waste, faster production times and the ability to build complex engineering design that other manufacturing technologies won’t be able to produce. This research is on the tensile and indentation testing (following ASME standards) of 3D printed Ti-6Al-4V and Inconel 718 built by powder-based direct energy deposition technology. Ti-6Al-4V is an attractive material for the aerospace and aviation industry, and Inconel 718, a nickel-chromium based superalloy, is an attractive material for usage …

Building Rotary Fans, Admin Stem For Success, Natalie Wilson

STEM for Success Showcase

Students are challenged to build a working rotary fan

Bridge Building, Admin Stem For Success

STEM for Success Showcase

Students learn about different bridge styles and designs in this activity that challenges them to build their own successful bridge.

Rubber Band Car Activity, Admin Stem For Success, Natalie Wilson

STEM for Success Showcase

Student learn about forces and engineering by designing a car powered by rubber bands

A Threshold Helium Leakage Detection Switch With Ultra Low Power Operation, Sulaiman Mohaidat, Fadi M. Alsaleem

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Detecting helium leakage is important in many applications, such as in dry cask nuclear waste storage systems. This work develops a helium detection system based on the relative permittivity (dielectric constant) difference between air and helium. This difference changes the status of an electrostatic microelectromechanical system (MEMS) switch. The switch is a capacitive-based device and requires a very negligible amount of power. Exciting the switch’s electrical resonance enhances the MEMS switch sensitivity to detect low helium concentration. This work simulates two different MEMS switch configurations: a cantilever-based MEMS modeled as a single-degreefreedom model and a clamped-clamped beam MEMS molded using …

Dash And Dot Robots, Admin Stem For Success, Natalie Wilson

STEM for Success Showcase

Activity plan using robots to teach students engineering and technology

Experimental And Numerical Studies Of Slurry-Based Coextrusion Deposition Of Continuous Carbon Fiber Micro-Batteries To Additively Manufacture 3d Structural Battery Composites, Aditya R. Thakur, Xiangyang Dong

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Carbon Fiber Structural Battery Composites Have Recently Attracted Growing Interests Due to their Potentials of Simultaneously Carrying Mechanical Loads and Storing Electrical Energy for Lightweight Application. in This Study, We Present a Slurry-Based Coextrusion Deposition Method to Additively Manufacture 3D Structural Battery Composites from Carbon Fiber Micro-Batteries. Cathode Slurry is Coextruded Together with Solid Polymer Electrolyte-Coated Carbon Fibers in a Single Deposition. a Network of Carbon Fiber Micro-Batteries is Achieved within the Fabricated Structural Battery Composites. Electrochemical Tests Show a Stable Charge-Discharge Performance Up to 100 Cycles. the Rheological Behavior of the Cathode Slurry is Found to Govern the Coextrusion …

Bubble Wand Activity, Admin Stem For Success

STEM for Success Showcase

Students use this activity to practice their engineering skills by building a bubble wand.

Activity Video Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=15&v=wx0-NrAnE6c&feature=emb_logo

Energy-Specific Greenhouse Gas Emissions Measurements From 2-Stroke Marine Diesel Engine Using Liquefied Natural Gas, Kang-Ki Lee, Wilfried Hochegger, Alessandro Schonborn

Articles

This study reports the energy specific air emissions from a diesel-cycle high pressure injection dual fuel engine for operation on liquefied natural gas and heavy fuel oil. An experiment at sea was performed onboard a bulk carrier during commercial voyages, to measure the efficiency of the engine and to measure air emissions relevant to air pollution and climate impact for operation on both fuels. The measurements showed that the energy conversion efficiency of the engine was higher for operation on liquefied natural gas because its lower NOx emissions permitted the use of a higher effective compression ratio whilst meeting the …

Energy Storage Can Increase The Value And Flexibility Of A Nuclear Power Plant But Makes Plant Economics More Subject To Uncertainty In Electricity Price, Jacob Bryan

Student Research Symposium

Regional electricity markets currently rely heavily on coal and natural gas resources to meet electricity demand. Intermittent renewable resources like wind and solar power are location-dependent and are not dispatchable resources. Flexible nuclear power, achieved through the use of integrated thermal energy storage, may be able to complement these renewable resources to provide clean, predictable power in an evolving electricity grid. This study considers such a flexible nuclear plant and seeks to address a fundamental modeling question: which uncertain model inputs have a significant effect on the economics of the system, and to what degree? These questions are addressed by …

Investigation Of Different Equations Of State (Eos) To Calculate Thermodynamic Properties Of Methanol In Sub-Critical And Supercritical Regions, Md Sajedul Islam Sakir

Student Research Symposium

The Equation of State (EOS) is a relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature that describes the properties of fluids under different conditions. Fluids can exist in various phases, including gaseous, liquid, critical, and supercritical states, each with different properties. The characteristics of critical and supercritical fluids are notably different from those of sub-critical fluids, and their properties change abruptly. To determine fluid properties in different regimes, various equations of state (EOS) are utilized.This research project aims to examine the different equations of state used for specifying fluid properties in various fluid regimes. Methanol has been selected as a working fluid …

Investigation Of Different Equations Of State (Eos) To Calculate Thermodynamic Properties Of Methanol In Subcritical And Supercritical Regions, Md Sajedul Islam Sakir

Student Research Symposium

The Equation of state (EOS) is a PVT relationship that specifies the properties and characteristics of fluids in different conditions. Fluids have different phases. In the subcritical region, fluid is in a gaseous and liquid state. On the other hand, fluid is not a liquid nor a gas in the critical and the supercritical regions. The properties and characteristics of critical and supercritical fluids are different from that of subcritical regions. In critical and supercritical regions the properties of fluid change very abruptly. To specify the properties of the fluid in different regimes different equations of state (EOS) is being …

Characteristics Of Future Mobility Devices For Individuals With Paraplegia, Dan O'Crowley

Student Research Symposium

This presentation outlines wheeled exoskeleton development for individuals with paraplegia and my research to develop criteria for designs focused more on independence and social interactions. A summary of past attempts and comparable mobility devices will be outlined with their strengths and weaknesses. Another section will explain the different activities users should be able to complete independently and what features/functions need to be included for the device to have a positive impact on their social interactions. The presentation will cover the journey of a prototype attempting to meet the criteria developed and lessons learned from that experience. A financial summary will …

A Fundamental Approach In Assessing The Improvement In The Performance Of A Vehicle's Engine By Varying The Cooling Fluid And The Engine Material, Peter Okereke

Student Research Symposium

The cooling system plays a crucial role in regulating the engine's temperature. Cooling fluid is an important component of the cooling system of a vehicle. Using an untailored cooling fluid can have negative effects on an automobile's engine and shorten its lifespan. An efficient cooling system prevents the engine from overheating and enables the vehicle to operate at peak efficiency. This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of cylinder materials and various types of cooling agents in the vehicle's cooling system, which affect the engine block's life span, primarily the cylinders, in light vehicle cooling systems. The lower the …

A Fundamental Approach In Assessing The Improvement Of A Vehicle's Engine By Varying The Cooling Fluid And The Engine, Peter Okereke

Student Research Symposium

The cooling system plays a crucial role in regulating the engine's temperature. Cooling fluid is an important component of the cooling system of a vehicle. Using an untailored cooling fluid can have negative effects on an automobile's engine and shorten its lifespan. An efficient cooling system prevents the engine from overheating and enables the vehicle to operate at peak efficiency. This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of cylinder materials and various types of cooling agents in the vehicle's cooling system, which affect the engine block's life span, primarily the cylinders, in light vehicle cooling systems. The lower the …

A High-Strength Precipitation Hardened Cobalt-Free High-Entropy Alloy, Matthew Luebbe, Jiaqi Duan, Fan Zhang, Jonathan Poplawsky, Hans Pommeranke, Maalavan Arivu, Andrew Hoffman, Mario Buchely, Haiming Wen

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Recent studies on precipitation-hardened high-entropy alloys (HEAs) demonstrate their high strength and thermal stability, making them promising materials for high-temperature structural applications such as nuclear reactors. However, many existing HEAs contain cobalt (Co), which is unsuitable for nuclear applications because of the long-term activation issue of Co. Co is also expensive and considered a critical material for other applications. Therefore, it is desired to exclude Co from the composition. a Co-free (Fe0.3Ni0.3Mn0.3Cr0.1)88Ti4Al8 HEA was developed and studied in this work. in contrast to previous Co-free HEAs, this alloy is close to Equi atomic in its composition and promises a more …

Development Of Models For The Velocity-Pressure Gradient Correlations In Incompressible Wall-Bounded Planar Turbulent Flows Using Multiple Linear Regression, Juampablo E. Heras Rivera

Mechanical Engineering ETDs

In this thesis, the multiple linear regression method is applied to clarify terms and their coefficients in data-driven models for velocity/pressure-gradient (VPG) correlations in the Reynolds stress transport equations. Additionally, a method for developing universal linear models for the VPG correlations with unchanging coefficients when complex conditions arise in a flow is introduced. The generated models were assessed using residual analysis to ensure an appropriate level of accuracy. Data from direct numerical simulation in an incompressible fully-developed turbulent channel flow at Re_tau = 392 with an adverse pressure gradient is used in the study as the data source.

Is The Pen Mightier Than The Computer? An Analysis Of Digital Natives’ Preference For Writing Tools, Dylan Ash, Landon Corbett, Jane Harvey, Clarissa Lloyd, Ellie Miller, Lauren Myers, Hannah Potter, William Spence, Mason Bodell, Avery Truman, Anna Tuite, Isabelle Vasquez, Nevaeh Villastrigo

Student Research Symposium

Students in Honors 1320, History of Writing, investigated traditional, college-aged students and their preferred writing implements. Digital Natives--people born after 1980 who grew up with technology--are assumed to prefer digital writing implements such as computers, tablets, and Smartphones. Do they really tend to use digital implements, or do they use analog instruments such as pens and pencils? To find out, the researchers designed a Qualtrics survey to ask students about their use of digital and analog writing tools. A second data source were essays on the topic 'My Favorite Writing Implement,' which were analyzed on a spreadsheet, counting each instance …

A Molecular Dynamics Study Of Atomic Diffusion Effects On Thermomechanical Properties Applying Laser Additive Alloying Process For The Cantor High Entropy Alloy, Mathew Farias, Han Hu, Shanshan Zhang, Jianzhi Li, Ben Xu

Manufacturing & Industrial Engineering Faculty Publications

High entropy alloys (HEAs) can be manufactured in many conventional ways, but it becomes difficult to fabricate heterogeneous materials and structures. The Selective Laser Melting (SLM) method generally melts pure elemental powders or prefabricated alloy powders without an alloying process. In-situ alloying in SLM, which is also called Laser Additive Alloying (LAA), using pure elemental powders becomes a promising method for creating HEA with heterogeneous structures. However, the effect of the diffusion of elements in the molten pool on the formation of HEA remains unclear. In this paper, the well-discussed Cantor HEA was studied in an in-situ alloying situation, where …

Fabrication Of Drug-Eluting Polycaprolactone And Chitosan Blend Microfibers For Topical Drug Delivery Applications, Mulugeta Gizaw, Diala Bani Mustafa, Shih-Feng Chou

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Chronic and non-healing wounds show delayed and incomplete healing process, which expose the patients to a high risk of infection. These types of wounds require frequent change of dressing, which is a burden on the patients. In addition, ideal dressing needs to meet the requirements in minimizing microbial infiltration and growth while balancing moisture and exchanging oxygen with outside environment. To overcome the challenge in frequent change of dressing and meet the design requirements, current researches have focused on the development of electrospun fibers with incorporation of small molecule drugs for sustained release purpose. In this study, electrospinning was performed …

Experimental Evaluations Of The Impact Of An Additive Oxidizing Electronic Air Cleaner On Particles And Gases, Yicheng Zeng, Aurélie Laguerre, Elliott T. Gall, Mohammad Heidarinejad, Brent Stephens

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Electronic air cleaning (EAC) technologies have garnered significant attention for use in buildings. Many EAC technologies rely on the addition of reactive constituents to indoor air to react with gas-phase compounds, enhance particle deposition, and/or inactivate microorganisms. However, limited data are available on the efficacy of many EAC technologies and their potential to form chemical byproducts during operation. Here we experimentally evaluate the indoor air quality impacts, specifically targeting particles and gases but not microbial constituents, of a commercially available additive oxidizing EAC that generates positive and negative ions and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Tests were conducted in a large unoccupied …

Crystalline–Amorphous Nanostructures: Microstructure, Property And Modelling, Binqiang Wei, Lin Li, Lin Shao, Jian Wang

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Faculty Publications

Crystalline metals generally exhibit good deformability but low strength and poor irradiation tolerance. Amorphous materials in general display poor deformability but high strength and good irradiation tolerance. Interestingly, refining characteristic size can enhance the flow strength of crystalline metals and the deformability of amorphous materials. Thus, crystalline–amorphous nanostructures can exhibit an enhanced strength and an improved plastic flow stability. In addition, high-density interfaces can trap radiation-induced defects and accommodate free volume fluctuation. In this article, we review crystalline–amorphous nanocomposites with characteristic microstructures including nanolaminates, core–shell microstructures, and crystalline/amorphous-based dual-phase nanocomposites. The focus is put on synthesis of characteristic microstructures, deformation …

Advanced Industrial Lubricants And Future Development Trends Of Tribo-Systems For Tribological Performance Evaluation, George Totten, Simon C. Tung, Undrakh Mishigdorzhiyn

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

It is possible to solve challenges in the global automotive and manufacturing industries by using a multidisciplinary approach to advanced industrial lubricants, their tribological performance evaluation, and new surface engineering techniques for prospective tribosystems. Three types of approaches are reported in this Special Issue (SI): (1) Advance surface engineering technologies and protective coatings [1–4]; (2) Multipurpose lubricants with nano-additives for better performance [5–8]; (3) Oil degradation simulation thermo-oxidative ageing and dynamic degradation processes [9–12].

Beirut Arab University - Faculty Of Engineering - Newsletter Issue 0, Faculty Of Engineering, Beirut Arab University

Engineering Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Reactive Particle Swarm Control Architecture And Application For Scalar Field Adaptive Navigation, Shae Taylor Hart

Engineering Ph.D. Theses

Adaptive navigation is a subcategory of navigation techniques that attempts to identify goal locations that satisfy specific criteria in an unknown area. In 2D scalar field adaptive navigation (SFAN), primitives navigate to or along features of interest in an unknown, possibly time-varying, planar scalar field. Features include extrema, contours, and fronts. This work solves the 2D SFAN problem using swarm robotic techniques. Robotic swarms are a subset of multi-robot systems that use decentralized control of simple interchangeable robots to perform collective actions. A subgroup of swarms is the Reactive Particle Swarm (RPS), characterized based on its simplicity, reactivity to its …

How Automation Is Making A Positive Impact On The Fast Food Industry, Noah Bullock

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

As the fast food industry has rapidly evolved, so has the use of technology within these businesses. Artificial intelligence is something that is being used in these fast-food restaurants to drive change. With restaurants adding artificial intelligence into their business model, many of their goals have changed. Restaurants are now having the goal of improving their speed and accuracy when it comes to order taking, enhancing the customer experience, and reducing their costs. All of which are attainable through the use of artificial intelligence. Though businesses are now using artificial intelligence; there are many concerns about the downsides that come …

Engineering Cell–Ecm–Material Interactions For Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Calvin L. Jones, Brian T. Penney, Sophia K. Theodossiou

Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The extracellular microenvironment regulates many of the mechanical and biochemical cues that direct musculoskeletal development and are involved in musculoskeletal disease. The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a main component of this microenvironment. Tissue engineered approaches towards regenerating muscle, cartilage, tendon, and bone target the ECM because it supplies critical signals for regenerating musculoskeletal tissues. Engineered ECM–material scaffolds that mimic key mechanical and biochemical components of the ECM are of particular interest in musculoskeletal tissue engineering. Such materials are biocompatible, can be fabricated to have desirable mechanical and biochemical properties, and can be further chemically or genetically modified to support cell …