Mechanical Engineering Commons^™

Development Of An Off-Line Robot Programming System For Computer Control Of Ge P50 Robot, Subhas Vitthal Shetty

Theses

The General Electric P50 Robot has Teach Pendent Programming facilities. It is provided with a Computer Linkage - a communication control unit, but is not eguipped with any software which uses this linkage to communicate data between the computer and the P50.

A study was made of many Robot Programming systems existing today. The facilities a programming language should have was noted, and a Robot-Level Programming System was developed, which remote controls the P50 robot.

The program is written in TurboPascal and is developed on IBM PC/AT for communication between the P50 and an IBM PC Compatible Personal Computer. The …

Implementation Of Inverse Multiprofile Streak Technique, Brian Edward Fuchs

Theses

The inverse multiprofile streak technique is a new measurement technique available to researchers and was implemented to better achieve measurements on detonation phenomena. This technique provides the wave front geometry around the perimeter of an explosive charge through the use of multiple slits placed on the charge and a high speed streak camera. Testing, analysis, and methodology for this technique are presented in order to provide information to interested researchers. A personal computer program and sample tests are included to illustrate the method used.

Finite Element Stress Analysis Of The Femoral Hip Stem Prosthesis - Bone Interface, Mark C. Buechel

Theses

A three-dimensional finite element model is used to examine the stresses of the femoral hip stem prosthesis and surrounding bone, specifically at the interface between the stem and the bone. Using General Electric's GEOMOD modelling program, 3-dimensional models of the hip stem prosthesis, and both the cortical and cancellous bone, are generated. Due to the complexity of the individual models, General Electric's SUPERTAB modelling program is required to merge the three separate models into one complete model. The model is then broken down into finite elements for analysis. The model assumes isotropic properties to cortical bone and cancellous bone. Several …

On Longitudinal And Transverse Shear Spring Constants At The Juncture Of Piping-Nozzle, Chihwei David Chen

Theses

This thesis investigates the longitudinal and transverse shear spring constants at the juncture of a radial nozzle and a cylindrical shell.

Due to the difficulty of arriving an analytical solution to these constants, the " ANSYS" program has been employed to calculate them numerically. These results are reported in tabulated forms. Plots for these spring constants K_x, K_z in terms of parameters Beta ( nozzle radius / pipe radius ), Gamma ( pipe radius / shell thickness ) and shell thickness are also presented in this thesis. A numerical example is given to facilitate the design analysis.

Energy Analysis Of A Multistory Office Building Using Bin Method Computer Program, Mohammed Nasim Ghauri

Theses

The consumption of energy by an HVAC system in a high rise office building was investigated by comparing results obtained from ASEAM and Trakload (two microcomputer programs) with the manual calculations and DOE-2 (Department of Energy Program) results obtained by Tishman Research Corporation. The study was performed on the Public Service Building of Newark, New Jersey. It is a 26 story office building, designed to be energy efficient.

The results obtained show that, the energy consumed by the HVAC system is a substantial amount of the total energy used but the controlling factors are electrical lighting and equipment. Both of …

Robotic Simulation Package For Personal Computers, Amitava Jana

Theses

A software package for three dimensional wire frame modeling of an educational robot is developed for personal computers. This package can be used by students as well as robot technicians to study basic principles of robot kinematics. The interactive simulation software supports both the joint-level and world-level motion control, enabling user to understand teach-pendant programming as well as robot level off-line programming. The desired orientation and position of the robot hand can also be specified through a homogeneous transformation matrix, allowing an advanced student to learn the concept of world modeling in the design of robot work cells. To help …

Wear And Development Of Wear Testing Methodology, Tirumalai S. Suresh

Theses

The existing wear and friction theories, and wear testing methods have been analysed to meet the objective of this study. One of the key factors in the analysis of a wear problem is the computation of wear and friction coefficient for a material, under real operating conditions. A new wear testing methodology has been developed and a wear tester has been designed and assembled. The tests have been performed at constant sliding speed and different applied loads for a Cast-Iron - hardened Steel pair.

Simulation Of Hvac Systems And Library Building Of New Jersey Institute Of Technology Newark, N.J., Muhammad A. Syed

Theses

The HVCASIM⁺ Building Systems and Equipment simulation program package developed at National Bureau of Standards has been used to simulate the building load and HVAC systems of N.J.I.T. library building, This report describes the procedure and strategy adopted to simulate the library building and the HVAC systems.

The library building has been simulated with two different sets of parameters, first with original design data and then with modifications for energy conservation, which ware suggested by the energy management consultants M/s Engineers Incorporated, as a part of the New Jersey Department of Energy School Grant program.

The results of tho …

Stress Analysis Of A Stepped Shaft With A Keyway, Irfan Hussain Sabir

Theses

A stress concentration case which is encountered in practice more than any other is the shoulder fillet. Shafts, axles, spindles, rotors etc., usually involve, in each case, a number of diameters connected by shoulders with fillet radii and very often it is necessary for a keyway to be near a shoulder. The objective in this study is to analyse the stresses in a shouldered shaft with a keyway subjected to an axial tensile load and to study the dependence of the keyway-end stresses on the distance between the shoulder fillet and the keyway end. This is done by performing a …

Finite Element Analysis Of The Temperature Field In The Course Of Laser Heating, Moududur Rahman

Theses

This study is aimed at the developement of a computational procedure for the prediction of temperature and the concentration fields in the course of surface processing by high energy beams. The finite element technique is used for the solution of two dimensional problem of heat conduction in a solid subjected to the laser radiation. The preprocessing, solution and the postprocessing were carried out by the use of ANSYS software package. The laser energy was simulated by heat generation at the shallow subsurface or by the temperature of the impingement zone. Equal square elements were used for computations. It was found …

Evaluation Of Numerical Inversion Of Laplace Transformed Solutions, Yu-Chwin Lin

Theses

Here, some linear physical systems are analyzed by using the standard Numerical Laplace Transformation and Inversion method, including undamped and damped systems:

1. Undamped system: A bar clamped at one end and at one end free.

2. Damped system: Viscously damped linear discrete system.

The advantage of the Numerical Laplace Transformation method is that it reduces the inversion of the Laplace transformed solution to numerical integration; it makes the problem much easier to solve. In the present work, we also studied a new Numerical Laplace Transformation Inversion method by Wilcox (App.0 and Ref.l). The merit of this new method is …

The Feasibility And Economics Of Resource Recovery Using Municipal Solid Waste, Joachim Aloysius Pinto

Theses

This thesis gives an overview of the feasibility and economics of a resource recovery project. The feasibility study of a resource recovery project is done by analyzing its markets, economics, and environmental aspects. The use of market development, accurate capital and operating cost estimation procedures and environmental impact analysis help in predicting fairly accurately the feasibility of a resource recovery facility and also gives a good estimate of the economics of the project.

The thesis also discusses the different system design that are or were used in waste-to-energy conservation. It is quite evident from the discussion that the only two …

Effect Of Center Of Gravity Location On Optimum Performance Of Random Vibratory Vehicle Suspension, Daniel Mahar

Theses

This study provides the analysis for the optimal design of a conventional vehicle suspension system, consisting of a sprung mass (vehicle body) and two unsprung masses (wheel frame), accentuated by the implementation of a damped absorber to the unsprung masses. Further, the effect of the c.g. (center of gravity) location of the vehicle body is investigated. A two dimensional, four degrees of freedom linear model is chosen. Randomly profiled terrain is assumed to impart hyperbolically distributed stationary vertical random displacements to the front and rear wheels. For generalization, nondimensional design parameters are selected. Criteria for optimization include the tire-terrain normal …

Theoretical Investigation Of Submerged Turbulent Jet, Talal N. Hindi

Theses

A theoretical investigation concerning the flow characteristics velocity distribution of a circular submerged turbulent axisymetricic water jet impinging on a flat plate was carried out. Starting with the use of the available data and equations obtained by previous investigators and found room for improvement. By solving these equations for the velocity distribution and comparing them to the experimental results is was found out where improvements of the analysis were were necessary. Then taking Tollwien's solution for the velocity distribution and changing the reference axis to see whether or not the equations would give better results for velocity calculations. With certain …

A Tracheoesophageal Puncture Voice Prosthesis, Georghios Makris

Theses

A voice prosthesis was developed that allows verbal communication of laryngectomised patients. The prosthesis requires a superiorly directed tracheoesophageal puncture in which the periscope mounted on the tracheal stoma vent is introduced. The prosthesis is operated by air injection through the periscope. Air injection is achieved by pulmonary pressure after the occlusion of the stoma vent. Stoma vent occlusion can be achieved either by the patient's finger or by the designed cover valve mounted on the prosthesis. The cover valve allows free breathing, hand-free prosthesis use, and it can release excess pressure during coughing. Periscope valve air resistance tests have …

Analyze3d, A Structural Analysis Program Employing Membrane And Solid Finite Elements, James Mendham Gathercole

Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to describe the addition of an 8 and 20-node isoparametric brick element to the finite element program ANALYZE, permitting three-dimensional analysis. The reason for the addition is that even though Analyze is a relatively simple program, its simplicity makes it a good educational tool for finite element courses. The added brick element expands the use of the program for educational purposes.

In its original form, Analyze is a finite element package for static structural analysis developed at Wright Patterson Air Force Base. The program consists of four finite elements: (1) bar, (2) membrane triangle, …

Isoparametric Finite Elements For Axisymmetric Solids, Ramanand R. Shetty

Theses

The finite element formulation of axisymmetric plane stress analysis is used to develop a computer program for numerical implementation. The basic relations used to derive the finite element equations for a solid continum are reviewed in the thesis. The programming organization is summarized and program list is given in Appendix.

The program portion for isoparametric elements are borrowed from Numerical Methods in Finite Element Analysis by K. J. Bathe and E. L. Wilson, and various other subroutines are used from Mr. Huang's thesis on Micropolar elasticity analysis. Mr. Huang's computer program is based on the work done by Dr. Nakamura …

On Radial And Rotational Spring Constants Of Piping With Square Tubing Attachment, Hson-Chih Sun

Theses

Numerical values and analytical expressions for spring constant in the radial direction, and rotational spring constants in the circumferential and longitudinal directions of piping with square structural tubing attachment are presented.

Following Bijlaard's approach, the double Fourier series solution for the thin shell equation are used to express these spring constants as a function of internal pressure, q, and pipe-structural tubing parameters, such as alpha (piping length/radius), beta (tube size/pipe dia.), gamma (pipe radius/thickness) and thickness of the structural tubing. Numerical results of these spring constants are presented in tabulated form. These Tables include a set of eight standard square …

Chebyshev Approximate Solution For Stiff Problems, Kwo-En Hoh

Theses

Chebyshev polynomial and collocation methods are adapted to solve general ordinary differential equations ( initial-value problems and boundary-value problems ). Approximate solutions of initial-value problems are obtained in step-by-step fasion. the solutions have minimax absolute error in the interval and correct values at the end points. The approximate solutions of boundary-value problem will be continuous on the whole domain and have piecewise Chebyshev approximation characteristics in each subinterval of the chosen partition.

An Analysis Of Different Desalination Processes, Vahe Garabed Hovsepian

Theses

The object of this thesis is to study the various modes of desalination and analyze the energy and economic requirements. The desalination methods discussed are, single stage desalination, Long tube vertical Evaporator, Multistage Flash distillation, Solar Energy method, Freezing method, Reverse osmosis & Electrodialysis.

It was found that for vapor reheat process at 350°F input 639 ft-lbs/lb product required 2.01 kw-hr/100gal. product and the total cost 51.6c/1000gal.

Not one process is best for everyone. In countries close to the equator, the solar energy method is the best. Most other countries depend on flash distillation process, etc. So we can't draw …

Implementation Of Finite Element Method On A Microcomputer, Chi-Yuang Huang

Theses

A finite-element program FEM2D has been implemented on a PHILIPS microcomputer. The program has a generation preprocessor and thus makes finite-element analysis on a microcomputer considerably easier than before, since it allows models to be created and edited much faster than by manual method. The interactive program FEM2D prompts the user to input data directly from the screen. It is convenient for the user, both in teaching and learning.

The FEM2D is a two-dimensional finite-element program capable of solving two-dimensional problems, such as plane elasticity, heat transfer and imcompressible fluid flow problems. It is developed with a formulation of a …

Computational Method For Robot Manipulator Dynamics Based On The Gibbs-Appell Equations, Kwang Bok Kim

Theses

Industrial robots are open-loop multi-degree of freedom mechanisms whose dynamic characteristics are described by nonlinear differential equations. The computations of forces and torques required at each joint of robot manipulator are crucial step for real time control of robot manipulators.

Vukobratovic developed a new computational method for rigid body articulated open-loop mechanisms based on the Gibbs -Appell equations to generate differential equations of motion for spatial open - chain mechanisms. To solve these equations, he introduced the recursive kinematic transformation matrices that represent the motion of each linkage with respect to the base linkage.

Computer programs are developed in this …

Laminar Flow In A Porous Pipe With One Plugged End, Pyne-Hwa Ku

Theses

A steady laminar flow through a co-cylinder porous pipe with one plugged end was investigated theoretically to obtain velocity, pressure and shear stress distributions.

An integral momentum equation and the Darcy's law for flow through the porous wall were solved numerically by the Runge-kutta method.

As the fluid is injected from the outer wall into the porous tube, the fluid in the inner tube is accelerated from rest at the plugged end to a fully-developed velocity profile at the exit of the porous tube. It was found that the coefficient of the wall shear stress and the dimensionless pressure drop …

Discontinuity Stresses Analysis In Pressure Vessel, Jan-Joo Liu

Theses

In this paper, the ANSYS general purpose finite element computer aided design program was used to perform a series of stress analyses for shells with heads of various shapes.

The analysis included maximum discontinuity stresses, stress contours and displacements induced in axisymmetrical shells subjected to internal pressure loading; especially at the junction of the cylinder and heads of various shapes.

CONICAL SHELL finite elements and TWO-DIMENSIONAL ISOPARAMETRIC finite elements were used in the analysis. The results of the analyses compared very favorably with solutions derived from membrane and bending theory solutions for pressure vessels.

The effect of longitudinal and hoop …

Substructuring Analysis For Impact Dynamics Using Ansys Finite Element Package, Chang Ho Cho

Theses

This thesis is intended to serve as an introductory guide to ANSYS finite element package for the analysis of impact dynamics. Substructuring technique has been used to reduce the degrees of freedom.

Finite element method is essentially a numerical technique to calculate elastic deformations. However, by introducing some techniques like gap element, the technique can be easily extended to rigid body dynamic analysis. To solve the equation of motion both for rigid body and elastic deformations, direct integration technique is used in this thesis, i.e., Houbolt method.

ANSYS is a large scale general purpose computer program for finite element analysis. …

Circular Plate Analysis Using Finite Element Method, Shyh-Rong Chiu

Theses

The ANSYS computer program is the application of finite element methods to large-scale engineering problems. In this work the ANSYS program has been employed to solve the circular plate under uniformly loaded with various boundary conditions as follows: (1) clamped along entire edge, (2) simply supported along entire edge, (3) clamped at several points along the boundary, (4) simply supported at several points along the boundary, and (5) simply supported 36 points with 4 points clamped..

The results obtained from the ANSYS program illustrated that the finite element method has no boundary conditions constraints and presents good approximations to the …

Introductory Guide To Bridgeport Series I Cnc Milling, Drilling And Boring Machine, Apurva Vinodchandra Doshi

Theses

This thesis is intended to serve as an easy introductory guide on how to work with Bridgeport Series I CNC Milling, Drilling and Boring machine. An attempt has been made to make the subject matter simpler to give the reader a good start in programming and operating this machine

The spectrum of technological implementation of CNC machine tools is extremely broad,. Companies utilizing advanced technologies such as computer graphics, DNC and Group Technology are in this field for some time. Even small shops are getting equipped with CNC machine tools. The present CNC systems, which are less costly, more reliable …

Pressure Drop In A Strainer Element By The Finite Element Method, Wei-Long Chen

Theses

The pressure drop in a strainer element which consists of a channel and a diffuser has been investigated by the finite element method and the semi-empirical analysis.

An existing finite element program, FEM2D using the penalty parameter model, was employed. It was found that the range of Reynolds numbers in the strainer element was 0.193 to 4.824. For the pressure drop in the channel, the finite element method is in agreement with the analytical solution. For flow in the diffuser, the finite element method failed to give satisfactory results due to flow separation.

A Closed Form Image Force Function For Deposition Of Particles In A Cylindrical Tube, Hsi-Chung Chiou

Theses

This study investigated the behavior of charged particles suspended in a laminar steady incompressible flow in a cylindrical tube under the influences of image , inertia , viscous and gravitational forces. A new expression for the image force was obtained by introducing an approximate potential energy function. The velocity profiles employed in the analysis were uniform and parabolic.

The governing equations derived were based on Newton's second law of motion and were solved by a Runge-Kutta numerical method. The results were obtained for different values of Q, a dimensionless inertia-charge parameter. For a value of Q equal to zero the …

On Torsional Spring Constants At The Juncture Of Piping-Nozzle, Shean-Juinn Chiou

Theses

Numerical results of torsional spring constants at the juncture of piping-nozzle are studied in this thesis by using the "ANSYS" program and run on VAX computer. These results are presented in tabulated form for a piping-nozzle vessel with constant thickness of 0.375 in. Plot for the torsional spring constants in terms of beta (nozzle radius/pipe radius), gamma (pipe radius/thickness) and alpha (pipe length/radius) are also presented in this thesis. These data are under zero piping internal pressure with beta ranging from 0.1 to 0.8, and gamma ranging from 10 to 150. A numerical example with verification is also given.