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Articles 121 - 150 of 255
Full-Text Articles in Mechanical Engineering
Dynamics Of Vortical Structures In A Low-Blowing-Ratio Pulsed Transverse Jet, Clementine Vezier
Dynamics Of Vortical Structures In A Low-Blowing-Ratio Pulsed Transverse Jet, Clementine Vezier
LSU Master's Theses
Large Eddy Simulation is used to study the interaction of a 35° inclined jet into a crossflow. Steady state cases, with a BR ranging from 0.150 to 1.2, are firstly examined to understand the dynamics of the flow field. Iso-surface of Laplacian of the pressure, vorticity contour and velocity fields highlight the presence of four main vortical structures: shear layer vortices, horse-shoes vortices, wake vortices and CRVP. Qualitative comparisons are performed between simulations and experiments. The dynamics of the flow field is next characterized by pulsing the jet. The studied pulsed cases have same low BR and duty cycle respectively …
Dynamical Investigation Of A Manned Capsule/Tether Re-Entry System, Jeffrey Alan Kornuta
Dynamical Investigation Of A Manned Capsule/Tether Re-Entry System, Jeffrey Alan Kornuta
LSU Master's Theses
The use of tethers in space has an exciting promise in future astronautical applications, with the possibility of providing more sophisticated functionality to satellites and spacecraft. Some of these applications include adjoining satellites, creating microgravity environments, generating power, and transferring momentum between spacecraft. The focus of this project is to investigate the possible reduction in convective heat flux and temperatures on a manned capsule as a result of re-entry with an attached momentum exchange tether, including how various tether parameters affect these results. Using a “bottom-up” approach by modeling the system as a series of lumped masses and rigid rods …
Atomistic Simulations Of Lipid Bilayers In The Presence Of Dimethylsulfoxide, Raghava Alapati
Atomistic Simulations Of Lipid Bilayers In The Presence Of Dimethylsulfoxide, Raghava Alapati
LSU Master's Theses
In a typical cryopreservation protocol, the system to be preserved is first equilibrated with chemicals known as cryoprotective agents (CPAs). CPAs have been shown to alleviate cell damage from either the solute effects or the formation of intracellular ice during the subsequent freezing process. Thus, an extensive body of literature reporting the effects of CPAs on cellular systems has been accumulated over the last 50 years; detailing largely experimental interactions between cell systems and chemicals. Recent advances in computational methodology now offer an additional dimension in our ability to understand the molecular interactions between cell membranes, idealized as lipid bilayers …
Thermal Characterization Of Plain And Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Syntactic Foams, Pratap Chandrashekhara Bhat
Thermal Characterization Of Plain And Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Syntactic Foams, Pratap Chandrashekhara Bhat
LSU Master's Theses
Syntactic foams are composite materials in which the matrix phase is reinforced with hollow particles called microballoons. They possess properties such as low moisture absorption, low thermal conductivity and high damage tolerance because of their compositions. Traditionally, syntactic foams are used for many high strength applications and as insulating materials. But for applications demanding better heat dissipation from syntactic foam, conductive filler materials need to be added while maintaining its property of low density. Carbon nanotubes although extremely conductive, have issues of agglomeration in the matrix. In this research, a new approach to the problem of dispersion of nanotubes was …
Self-Healing Of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Compoistes [Sic], Nebiyu Fikru
Self-Healing Of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Compoistes [Sic], Nebiyu Fikru
LSU Master's Theses
The study of self-healing materials is inspired by biological systems in which damage triggers an autonomous healing response. In recent years, this concept of autonomic healing material, where initiation of repair is integral to the material, is being considered for engineering applications. The concept offers the designer an ability to incorporate secondary functional ability of counteracting service degradation in addition to achieving the primary, usually structural integrity, requirement. Self-healing materials also have the benefit of offering lighter and optimized structures as well as reduced maintenance cost. Previous works on polymer matrix composites have shown that significant fractions of mechanical properties …
On The Effects Of Peripheral Sliding Velocity And Operating Differential Pressure In Rotary O-Ring Seals, Karan Lingerkar
On The Effects Of Peripheral Sliding Velocity And Operating Differential Pressure In Rotary O-Ring Seals, Karan Lingerkar
LSU Master's Theses
An O-ring seal is of paramount importance in hydraulic and pneumatic machinery used in oil and gas drilling processes. O-ring seals are generally employed to contain the environments of working fluids existing on either side of the seal from interacting with each other, to maintain a uniform pressure chamber and to eliminate the environmental contaminants that interact at the rubbing interface. Failure of dynamic O-rings in hydraulic and pneumatic machinery often results in considerable productivity loss to the chemical and petrochemical industries. Therefore, it is highly important to determine the life of an O-ring for these applications under various operating …
Experimental And Numerical Modeling Of Stresses In Non-Conventional Cross-Sectioned Composite Pipes, Prashanth Ramachandran
Experimental And Numerical Modeling Of Stresses In Non-Conventional Cross-Sectioned Composite Pipes, Prashanth Ramachandran
LSU Master's Theses
Composite materials have been widely used in the ship-building, aerospace and construction industries because of their distinct advantages of low weight, high stiffness, and high strength to weight ratios. These properties are due to the low weight of the epoxy core matrix and high strengths of the glass/carbon fibers. Composite pipes used in various applications are traditionally spherical in cross-section. In this study, non-conventional cross-sectioned composite pipes [i.e. rectangular and triangular cross-sections] have been proposed, fabricated, tested and analyzed because of their ability to be bundled without loss of space. The behaviors of these pipes under an internal pressure test …
Effects Of Processing Parameters On The Embrittlement Of Self Reacting Friction Stir Welds, David Eric Taylor
Effects Of Processing Parameters On The Embrittlement Of Self Reacting Friction Stir Welds, David Eric Taylor
LSU Master's Theses
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) has been adopted as one of the major welding processes for joining Aluminum. Many aerospace and marine structures are welded through this novel FSW processes currently. The Lockheed Martin Space Systems (LMSS), Michoud Operations, in New Orleans is continuously pursuing Friction Stir Welding technologies in its efforts to advance fabrication of the external tanks of the space shuttle. Recently, a reduction in mechanical strength (embrittlement) has been observed especially in self-reacting (SR) friction stir welds. This strength reduction was attributed to Residual Oxide Defects (ROD) but the exact reasons for this type of behavior needed to …
Numerical Investigation Of Film Cooling Fluid Flow And Heat Transfer Using Large Eddy Simulations, David Houston Leedom
Numerical Investigation Of Film Cooling Fluid Flow And Heat Transfer Using Large Eddy Simulations, David Houston Leedom
LSU Master's Theses
Large eddy simulations of film cooling from discrete holes inclined at 35° with a feeding plenum chamber are performed at a density ratio of 2 and blowing ratios from 0.5 to 2.0 in order to gauge the suitability and performance of different hole shapes. Cylindrical holes at length to diameter ratios of 1.75 and 3.5 as well as shaped holes (laterally diffused and console holes) at a length to diameter ratio of 3.5 are simulated issuing into a laminar crossflow at a Reynolds number of approximately 16,000 based on freestream velocity and hole diameter. The domain extends 15 hole diameters …
Functionally Gradient Syntactic Foams, Kanakaji Chittineni
Functionally Gradient Syntactic Foams, Kanakaji Chittineni
LSU Master's Theses
Syntactic foams are comprised of hollow microballoons in matrix systems. The superior mechanical and physical properties of syntactic foams such as light weight, high compressive strength, and low moisture absorption make them attractive materials for structural applications. As these materials are used in high mechanical performance applications, there is a need to achieve both high compressive strength and high energy absorption with minimal or no increase in density. In this study, the effect of gradient configuration of syntactic foams on the energy absorption and compressive strength is studied. Functionally Gradient Syntactic Foams (FGSFs) in five different layer sequencings are fabricated …
Intracellular Ice Formation In Adult Stem Cells In The Presence Of Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone, Avishek Guha
Intracellular Ice Formation In Adult Stem Cells In The Presence Of Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone, Avishek Guha
LSU Master's Theses
The main objective of this work was to assess the effect of 10% (w/v) polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) on the pattern of intracellular ice formation (IIF) in human adipose tissue derived adult stem cells (ASCs) in the absence of serum and other cryoprotective agents (CPAs). Passage 1 (P1) ASCs were cultured, washed and suspended in either 1x PBS (Phosphate Buffered Saline) or 10% w/v solution of PVP in 1x PBS. The freezing experiments were carried out using a fluorescence microscope equipped with a Linkam™ cooling stage using two different temperature/time cooling protocols. Both the cooling protocols had a common cooling ramp: cells …
Aerodynamic And Heat Transfer Studies In A Combustor-Fired, Fixed-Vane Cascade With Film Cooling, James William Post
Aerodynamic And Heat Transfer Studies In A Combustor-Fired, Fixed-Vane Cascade With Film Cooling, James William Post
LSU Master's Theses
Pressure and heat transfer data has been generated in a high-pressure, high-temperature vane cascade. This cascade differs from many others seen in typical low-pressure facilities using room temperature air. Primarily, a natural gas-fired combustor generates realistic turbulence profiles in the high-temperature exhaust gases that pass through the vane cascade. The fixed-vane cascade test sections have film cooling holes machined into the surfaces in arrangements that closely model configurations seen in real-life first-row nozzle guide vanes (NGV). Theoretical coolant jet-to-crossflow blowing ratios (M) range from 0.5 to 3.0. Coolant jet-to-crossflow theoretical density ratios (DR) used for typical tests vary between 1.0 …
Thermomechanical Characterization Of A Shape Memory Polymer Based Syntactic Foam, Damon Nettles
Thermomechanical Characterization Of A Shape Memory Polymer Based Syntactic Foam, Damon Nettles
LSU Master's Theses
Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are a type of smart material capable of “remembering” multiple shapes and transitioning between them in response to an external stimulus. They offer the potential to self-seal macro-length scale damage in a nearly autonomous fashion. Syntactic foams are lightweight structural materials currently used in the marine and aerospace industries. This study seeks to bring syntactic foams and SMPs together, retaining characteristics of both components, to create a low-density smart composite. The SMP based syntactic foam is used as the core of a grid stiffened sandwich structure capable of healing impact damage multiple times. In order to …
Analysis Of Gas Dynamic Waves In Explosively Actuated Valves, Blaise H. Paul
Analysis Of Gas Dynamic Waves In Explosively Actuated Valves, Blaise H. Paul
LSU Master's Theses
A mathematical model is formulated for assessing quasi-one-dimensional gas dynamics occurring within axis-symmetric explosively actuated valves. The model describes complete valve operation and accounts for pressure-dependent explosive combustion within an actuator, compressible product gas flow within the actuator, through a small port, and into and within a gas expansion chamber. The gas dynamic waves induce piston motion at the terminal end of the expansion chamber which is needed for valve operation. The model is mathematically posed as an initial-boundary-value problem in terms of generalized coordinates to facilitate numerical computations on a domain that volumetrically expands due to combustion and piston …
Nanoclay Reinforced Polymer Composite And Its Application To Hybrid Composite Structures, Gefu Ji
Nanoclay Reinforced Polymer Composite And Its Application To Hybrid Composite Structures, Gefu Ji
LSU Master's Theses
The purpose of this study was to find the optimum mixing technique that leads to maximum gain in mechanical, thermal, and fire-retardant properties of vinyl ester based nanocomposites. Specifically, five combinations of incremental mixing intensity were applied to five groups of samples that were made of vinyl ester resin reinforced by 1 wt. % of montmorillonite (MMT). Changes in mechanical properties associated with each mixing combination were examined through a variety of tests, which were low velocity impact test, bending test, compression test, and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). Additionally, changes in thermal properties (e.g., thermal diffusivity, glass transition temperature) and …
Design And Realization Of An Electrophoretron Cycler, Celine Raymonde Ramet
Design And Realization Of An Electrophoretron Cycler, Celine Raymonde Ramet
LSU Master's Theses
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a powerful enzymatic reaction commonly used to amplify specific sequences of Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid (DNA). Since the introduction of the lab on a chip concept, numerous Continuous Flow PCR cyclers were realized with success at the micro scale. As reducing the reactor size and improving thermal management led to reduced sample volumes, results could be achieved much faster with these CF-PCR cyclers than with common commercial cycler. Furthermore, most of these demonstrated CF-PCRs are nowadays evolving towards high-throughput systems. However, most CF-PCR cyclers require complex manipulations and are not flexible (e.g. fixed number of cycles, …
High Strain Rate Characteristics Of Rubber Modified Syntactic Foams, Paul Wehmer
High Strain Rate Characteristics Of Rubber Modified Syntactic Foams, Paul Wehmer
LSU Master's Theses
This thesis deals with the characterization of hybrid syntactic foams under high strain rates (HSR) ranging from 450/s to 1000/s. The foams studied are comprised of epoxy resin matrix filled with 63% volume fraction glass microspheres and 2% volume fraction of ground rubber fragments. The focus of this study is to compare the strength, ultimate strain, and modulus of these composite materials at high strain rates and quasi-static conditions and to find out the effects of HSR on the failure mode and fracture behavior of these materials. Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) apparatus is used for the HSR testing. Foams …
Experimental And Numerical Investigation Of Fluid Flow And Heat Transfer In Microchannels, Wynn Allen Phillips
Experimental And Numerical Investigation Of Fluid Flow And Heat Transfer In Microchannels, Wynn Allen Phillips
LSU Master's Theses
Microchannels are of current interest for use in heat exchangers where very high heat transfer performance is desired. Microchannels provide very high heat transfer coefficients because of their small hydraulic diameters. In this study, an investigation of fluid flow and heat transfer in microchannels is conducted. A review of the literature published regarding fluid flow and heat transfer in microchannels is provided in this study. A thorough background on the theory of internal convective heat transfer is provided as well. A critical analysis of some of the published heat transfer experiments on microchannels is also given. It was found that …
Nanoclay Syntactic Foam Composites, Sameer Leo Peter
Nanoclay Syntactic Foam Composites, Sameer Leo Peter
LSU Master's Theses
Syntactic foams are composite materials in which the matrix phase is reinforced with hollow particles called microballoons. They possess low moisture absorption, low thermal conductivity and high damage tolerance because of their compositions. Traditionally, syntactic foams are used in many high strength applications such as in aerospace and marine industries, thus there is a need to achieve both high compressive strength and high fracture strain with minimal increase in density. This research studies the effect of nanoclay on the high strain rate mechanical properties of syntactic foams. Nanoclay reinforced syntactic foams are fabricated by adding 1, 2 and 5% volume …
Design, Fabrication, And Testing Of A Micro Fuel Injection Swirler For Lean Premixed Combustion In Gas Turbine Engines, Anthony Louis Giglio
Design, Fabrication, And Testing Of A Micro Fuel Injection Swirler For Lean Premixed Combustion In Gas Turbine Engines, Anthony Louis Giglio
LSU Master's Theses
Due to growing energy demands and the need for increased fuel consumption efficiency, environmental protection agencies are imposing more stringent emissions regulations on gas turbine combustion systems with emphasis on NOx emissions reduction. Emerging technological combustion schemes to reduce NOx commonly employ lean premixed combustion. Decreases in NOx are globally obtained by flame temperature decrease and locally improved by homogeneity of the reacting mixture. A new micro fuel injection swirler, capable of providing efficient and rapid mixing over a short distance, is presented in this thesis. The conception of the Micro Fuel Injection Swirler (MFIS) was motivated by the need …
Freezing Processes In Cell Suspensions Evaluated Using Cryomicroscopy, Tathagata Acharya
Freezing Processes In Cell Suspensions Evaluated Using Cryomicroscopy, Tathagata Acharya
LSU Master's Theses
This thesis aims at evaluating the freezing response of three different cell types, Pacific Oyster embryos, Jurkats and Helas, using the technique of cryomicroscopy. The choice of cells was primarily based on supporting ongoing research work at the Bioengineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge. On a secondary basis, the cells were chosen based on their contrasting nature. While Pacific Oyster being a favorite food in USA calls for successful techniques of cryopreservation of their embryos in order to keep up with the growing demand, Jurkat and HeLa are undesired malignant human cells that …
Quasi-Static And Impact Characterization Of Sandwich Structures With An Iso-Grid Stiffened Syntactic Foam Core, Venkata Sandeep Chakka
Quasi-Static And Impact Characterization Of Sandwich Structures With An Iso-Grid Stiffened Syntactic Foam Core, Venkata Sandeep Chakka
LSU Master's Theses
In this study, a novel hybrid sandwich structure with an integrated, iso-grid stiffened syntactic foam core was fabricated and evaluated by impact test and static test. Sandwich beams with different grid cell areas were prepared using a pin-guided dry weaving process. Low velocity impact test on different locations (rib, node, and bay) was conducted with varying hammer weight and impact velocities by an instrumented impact testing machine. Ultrasonic C-scan was utilized before and after impact to identify the damage induced by impact. Scanning Electron Microscopy observation was also implemented to visualize the impact damage at micro- length scale. Compressions after …
Parametric Study Of A Pulsed Vertical Jet In Cross-Flow, Guillaume Francois Bidan
Parametric Study Of A Pulsed Vertical Jet In Cross-Flow, Guillaume Francois Bidan
LSU Master's Theses
The potential of pulsed vertical jet in cross-flow for film cooling purposes was experimentally studied and is discussed in this Thesis. A single vertical jet placed in laminar cross-flow conditions was first characterized in steady state at relatively low blowing ratios ranging from 0.150 to 0.600, using Mie scattering visualization methods and hot-wire measurements. Wavelet spectral analysis and image quantification algorithms were applied to the velocity records and averaged visualizations to obtain quantitative data on the jet characteristic frequencies, penetration and coverage. Two different regimes characterized by different structures are identified and adapted scaling variables are provided. Trends in the …
Fabrication Of Micro Bumps For Micro Scale Thermal Management, Ajay Ashok Kardak
Fabrication Of Micro Bumps For Micro Scale Thermal Management, Ajay Ashok Kardak
LSU Master's Theses
Cryopreservation is storage of biological systems at ultra low temperatures for a prolonged duration; such that they can be thawed and restored to the same living state. It is important to understand the behavior of cells when they are subjected to subzero temperatures. Research in this area has shown the occurrence of two main biophysical events; cellular dehydration and intracellular ice formation. Current techniques for characterizing the dehydration in cells as part of a tissue are not adequate for studying intracellular ice formation in tissues. An integrated device consisting of an array of thermal sensors (microthermocouples) and actuators (microthermoelectric coolers) …
Magnetic Field Effects On Diffusion Flames, Diego F. Gonzalez
Magnetic Field Effects On Diffusion Flames, Diego F. Gonzalez
LSU Master's Theses
Magnetic field effects in combustion is an area of study that has previously been overlooked. The influence of magnetic fields on flames has only recently been explored and is of interest both from a scientific and a practical standpoint. This study provides theoretical, numerical and experimental evidence that combustion can be affected with the use of suitable magnetic fields. This thesis focuses on four different types of magnetic field: homogeneous, gradient, oscillating and pre-combustion. For the homogeneous field case, the Gibbs Free Energy method was used to determine the mole fraction of product species. It was found that homogeneous fields …
Composite Sandwich Structure With Grid Stiffened Core, Venkata Dinesh Muthyala
Composite Sandwich Structure With Grid Stiffened Core, Venkata Dinesh Muthyala
LSU Master's Theses
Composite sandwich structures have been widely used in aerospace structures, ship building, infrastructure, etc. due to their light weight and high strength to weight ratio. Traditionally, light-weight core materials such as foam core, truss core, honeycomb core have been used in fabricating sandwich structures with limited success. In this study, a new composite sandwich structure with a hybrid core was proposed, fabricated, tested, and modeled. The hybrid core consists of a fiber reinforced polymer grid skeleton that is filled in by extremely light-weight syntactic foam in the bay areas. The new sandwich structure was manufactured using a new manufacturing process. …
Design, Fabricaton, And Testing Of A Compact Quasi-Isothermal Prox Reactor Using Micro Heat Exchangers, Curtis Maurice Hebert
Design, Fabricaton, And Testing Of A Compact Quasi-Isothermal Prox Reactor Using Micro Heat Exchangers, Curtis Maurice Hebert
LSU Master's Theses
A two stage PROX reactor with micro heat exchangers was designed, built, and tested to demonstrate the ability to control the temperature in the reactor and improve PROX performance in terms of CO conversion and selectivity. The gas stream was composed of 40% H2, 1% CO, 9% CO2, 0.5% O2, and 49.5% Ar. Metal foams were used to support a 5 wt% Pt/0.5 wt% Fe/γ-Al2O3 catalyst. Two sections of foam catalyst were used with heat exchangers positioned before and after each section. The resulting axial temperature profile of the gas stream …
Experimental Investigation Of Heat Transfer Rate In Micro-Channels, Pritish Ranjan Parida
Experimental Investigation Of Heat Transfer Rate In Micro-Channels, Pritish Ranjan Parida
LSU Master's Theses
Metal-based MHEs are of current interest due to the combination of high heat transfer performance and improved mechanical integrity. Efficient methods for fabrication and assembly of functional metal-based MHEs are essential to ensure the economic viability of such devices. The present study focuses on the results of heat transfer testing of assembled Cu- and Al- based microchannel heat exchanger (MHE) prototypes. Efficient fabrication of Cu- and Al- based high-aspect-ratio microscale structures (HARMS) have been achieved through molding replication using surface engineered, metallic mold inserts. Replicated metallic HARMS were assembled through eutectic bonding to form entirely Cu- and Al- based MHE …
Film Cooling From A Row Of Holes Supplemented With Anti Vortex Holes, Alok Dhungel
Film Cooling From A Row Of Holes Supplemented With Anti Vortex Holes, Alok Dhungel
LSU Master's Theses
Film cooling is a technique employed to protect the external surface of gas turbine blades from the hot mainstream gas by ejecting the internal coolant air through discrete holes or slots at several locations on the blade exterior surface. Passing the coolant through conventional cylindrical holes causes a pair of vortices to form which lifts off the coolant jet instead of letting it adhere to the surface. The present study aims at investigating the enhanced cooling performance caused by addition of anti-vortex holes to the main cylindrical film cooling holes. Both heat transfer coefficient and film cooling effectiveness are determined …
Fabrication Of Perforated Polymer Membranes Using Imprinting Technology, Anish Roychowdhury
Fabrication Of Perforated Polymer Membranes Using Imprinting Technology, Anish Roychowdhury
LSU Master's Theses
The goal of the present study was to fabricate perforated membrane structures in polymers with the pore diameter ranging from 10 ìm down to the sub ìm scale. The perforated membrane structure plays an important role in many biological systems. Thus the ability to reproduce such architecture will help with the study of biological systems by mimicking biological cell membrane-like structures and open new vistas in the study of transport behavior in cell biology and the separation of biological vesicles. Such structures also have potential uses as components in polymer optics and modular micro/nanofluidic devices. Use of polymer substrates is …