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Articles 121 - 150 of 300
Full-Text Articles in Mechanical Engineering
Tracking Characteristics Of Tracer Particles For Piv Measurements In Supersonic Flows, Fang Chen, Hong Liu, Zifeng Yang, Hui Hu
Tracking Characteristics Of Tracer Particles For Piv Measurements In Supersonic Flows, Fang Chen, Hong Liu, Zifeng Yang, Hui Hu
Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
The tracking characteristics of tracer particles for particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements in supersonic flows were investigated. The experimental tests were conducted at Mach number 4 in Multi-Mach Wind Tunnel (MMWT) of Shanghai Jiao Tong University. The motion of tracer particles carried by the supersonic flow across shockwaves was theoretically modelled, and then their aerodynamic characteristics with compressibility and rarefaction effects were evaluated. According to the proposed selection criterion of tracer particles, the PIV measured results clearly identified that the shockwave amplitude is in good agreement with theory and Schlieren visualizations. For the tracer particles in nanoscales, their effective aerodynamic …
Automated Impact Device, Jason Montavon
Automated Impact Device, Jason Montavon
The University Honors Program
This report outlines the progress and development ofan automated impact device (AID). This device was designed to be inexpensive, user-friendly, and modular. Developed with the parameters of vibration analysis. the AID can perform a variety of experimental procedures. Using simple C code and components that are both affordable and easy to obtain, the AID was designed to perform the same task as its more expensive counterparts. With this thought-process, the device was engineered to easily and quickly interchange components depending on the required task. Outlined in the report is the code used to operate the AID and the basic components …
Collective Nonaffine Displacements In Amorphous Materials During Large-Amplitude Oscillatory Shear, Nikolai V. Priezjev
Collective Nonaffine Displacements In Amorphous Materials During Large-Amplitude Oscillatory Shear, Nikolai V. Priezjev
Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
Using molecular dynamics simulations, we study the transient response of a binary Lennard-Jones glass subjected to periodic shear deformation. The amorphous solid is modelled as the three-dimensional Kob-Andersen binary mixture at a low temperature. The cyclic loading is applied to slowly annealed, quiescent samples, which induces irreversible particle rearrangements at large strain amplitudes, leading to stress-strain hysteresis and a drift of the potential energy towards higher values. We find that the initial response to cyclic shear near the critical strain amplitude involves disconnected clusters of atoms with large nonaffine displacements. In contrast, the amplitude of shear stress oscillations decreases after …
Identifying Two Regimes Of Slip Of Simple Fluids Over Smooth Surfaces With Weak And Strong Wall-Fluid Interaction Energies, Haibao Hu, Luyao Bao, Nikolai V. Priezjev, Kai Luo
Identifying Two Regimes Of Slip Of Simple Fluids Over Smooth Surfaces With Weak And Strong Wall-Fluid Interaction Energies, Haibao Hu, Luyao Bao, Nikolai V. Priezjev, Kai Luo
Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
The slip behavior of simple fluids over atomically smooth surfaces was investigated in a wide range of wall-fluid interaction (WFI) energies at low shear rates using non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. The relationship between slip and WFI shows two regimes (the strong-WFI and weak-WFI regimes): as WFI decreases, the slip length increases in the strong-WFI regime and decreases in the weak-WFI regime. The critical value of WFI energy that separates these regimes increases with temperature, but it remains unaffected by the driving force. The mechanism of slip was analyzed by examining the density-weighted average energy barrier (∆E) encountered by fluid atoms …
Low Velocity Impact And Rf Response Of 3d Printed Heterogeneous Structures, Sandeep Keerthi
Low Velocity Impact And Rf Response Of 3d Printed Heterogeneous Structures, Sandeep Keerthi
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
Three-dimensional (3D) printing, a form of Additive manufacturing (AM), is currently being explored to design materials or structures with required Electro-Mechanical-Physical properties. Microstrip patch antennas with a tunable radio-frequency (RF) response are a great candidate for 3D printing process. Due to the nature of extrusion based layered fabrication; the processed parts are of three-layer construction having inherent heterogeneity that affects structural and functional response. The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between the anisotropy in dielectric properties of AM fabricated acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) substrates in the RF domain and resonant frequencies of associated patch antennas and …
A Look At The Optimum Slope Of A Fixed Solar Panel For Maximum Energy Collection For A One Year Time Frame, Salah Alhaidari
A Look At The Optimum Slope Of A Fixed Solar Panel For Maximum Energy Collection For A One Year Time Frame, Salah Alhaidari
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A rule-of-thumb for orientating fixed solar panels for optimum yearly collection of solar radiation that is not influenced by atmospheric effects is to face the panel due south in the Northern Hemisphere or due north in the Southern Hemisphere and to tilt the panel from the horizontal plane at an angle equal to the latitude of the location of the solar panel. The work presented in this thesis shows that this rule-of-thumb is an approximation for no-atmosphere, panel orientation; but not a precise value. This project presents a detailed method for determining the precise optimum tilt angle of a fixed …
Design And Testing Of Scalable 3d-Printed Cellular Structures Optimized For Energy Absorption, Sagar Dilip Sangle
Design And Testing Of Scalable 3d-Printed Cellular Structures Optimized For Energy Absorption, Sagar Dilip Sangle
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Sandwich panel structures are widely used due to their high compressive and flexural stiffness and strength-to-weight ratios, good vibration damping, and low through-thickness thermal conductivity. These structures consist of solid face sheets and low-density cellular core structures that are often based upon honeycomb topologies. Interest in additive manufacturing (AM), popularly known as 3D printing (3DP), has rapidly grown in past few years. The 3DP method is a layer-by-layer approach for the fabrication of 3D objects. Hence, it is very easy to fabricate complex structures with complex internal features that cannot be manufactured by any other fabrication processes. Due to the …
Dynamic Modeling And Simulation Of A Variable Cycle Turbofan Engine With Controls, Robert W. Buettner
Dynamic Modeling And Simulation Of A Variable Cycle Turbofan Engine With Controls, Robert W. Buettner
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Next generation aircraft (especially combat aircraft) will include more technology and capability than ever before. This increase in technology comes at the price of higher electrical power requirements and increased waste heat that must be removed from components to avoid overheating induced shutdowns. To help combat the resulting power and thermal management problem, a vehicle level power and thermal management design and optimization toolset was developed in MATLAB®/Simulink®. A dynamic model of a three-stream variable cycle engine was desired to add to the capabilities of the power and thermal management toolset. As an intermediate step to this goal, the dynamic …
Defect Engineering: A Path Toward Exceeding Perfection, Hamed Attariani, Kasra Momeni, Kyle R. Adkins
Defect Engineering: A Path Toward Exceeding Perfection, Hamed Attariani, Kasra Momeni, Kyle R. Adkins
Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
Moving to nanoscale is a path to get perfect materials with superior properties. Yet defects, such as stacking faults (SFs), are still forming during the synthesis of nanomaterials and, according to common notion, degrade the properties. Here, we demonstrate the possibility of engineering defects to, surprisingly, achieve mechanical properties beyond those of the corresponding perfect structures. We show that introducing SFs with high density increases the Young’s Modulus and the critical stress under compressive loading of the nanowires above those of a perfect structure. The physics can be explained by the increase in intrinsic strain due to the presence of …
Four-Terminal Square Piezoresistive Sensors For Mems Pressure Sensing, Awlad Hossain, Ahsan Mian
Four-Terminal Square Piezoresistive Sensors For Mems Pressure Sensing, Awlad Hossain, Ahsan Mian
Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
The sensitivity of four-terminal piezoresistive sensors commonly referred to as van der Pauw (VDP) structure is investigated. The VDP sensor is considered to be fabricated on (100) silicon due to its potential application in MEMS (microelectromechanical systems) pressure sensors. The sensitivity of the VDP sensor may be affected by misalignment during the etching/diffusion process, the nonuniformity of piezoresistive coefficients through the sensor thickness, and pad size with respect to the sensor size. For this particular analysis, the effect of VDP stress sensitivity on variations in pad sizes and through-the-thickness -coefficient variation are studied as the effect of misalignment has already …
Development Of Guidance Laws For A Reduced Order Dynamic Aircraft Model, Jack W. Brendlinger
Development Of Guidance Laws For A Reduced Order Dynamic Aircraft Model, Jack W. Brendlinger
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A set of guidance control laws has been developed for enabling three distinct modes of operation of a reduced order dynamic aircraft model. These include 1) a waypoint following control law, 2) a trajectory tracking control law, and 3) a set of kinematically constrained control laws for reaching a commanded altitude, speed or heading. The formulation of the reduced order model is presented so that the capabilities and limitations of the model are understood, and so that the interface architecture between the controllers and the plant is clearly defined. The controller formulations are then presented, together with sample results. The …
Analysis And Sensitivity Study Of Zero-Dimensional Modeling Of Human Blood Circulation Network, Roussel Rahman
Analysis And Sensitivity Study Of Zero-Dimensional Modeling Of Human Blood Circulation Network, Roussel Rahman
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The systemic circulation has a large number of vessels; therefore, 3-D simulation of pulse-wave propagation in the entire cardiovascular system is difficult and computationally expensive. Zero-Dimensional (Zero-D) and One-Dimensional (1-D) models are simplified representations of the cardiovascular network; they can be coupled as supplements to regional 3-D models for closed-loop multi-scale studies or be simulated as self-sufficient representations of the blood-flow network. Unlike Zero-D models, 1-D models can provide linear space-wise information for the vessels. However, Zero-D models can prove to be more useful in particular cases; as flexibility in adjusting parameters facilitate in tailoring the model to specific needs. …
An Investigation On The Stress Intensity Factor Of Surface Micro-Cracks, Sirisha Divya Arli
An Investigation On The Stress Intensity Factor Of Surface Micro-Cracks, Sirisha Divya Arli
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The contact fatigue failure in the form of micro or macro-scale pitting is an important failure mode for rolling mechanical elements, such as bearings and gears that are widely used in the automotive, aerospace and wind turbine fields. The micro-pitting process in some cases, gradually removes the surface material through fatigue wear, altering the geometry of the contact surfaces to alleviate the contact pressure decelerating the continued pitting rate. The propagation of the micro-cracks in other cases, goes deep into the material along a shallow angle, turns parallel to the surface at a certain depth, where the maximum shear or …
One Dimensional Computer Modeling Of A Lithium-Ion Battery, Ashwin S. Borakhadikar
One Dimensional Computer Modeling Of A Lithium-Ion Battery, Ashwin S. Borakhadikar
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
Renewable energy storage is vitally important to many applications for which batteries are the finest choice. As energy storage technology may be applied to a number of areas that differ in power and energy requirements, modeling of battery performance is required. In recent years, a lot of research has been done in this area but, the earliest model was designed by Marc Doyle, T. F. Fuller, and J. Newman in 1993. This work involves the development of a one-dimensional computer model of a lithium-ion battery which consists of three domains: the negative electrode, the separator, and the positive electrode. The …
Dynamic Modeling Of Thermal Management System With Exergy Based Optimization, Marcus J. Bracey
Dynamic Modeling Of Thermal Management System With Exergy Based Optimization, Marcus J. Bracey
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System optimization and design of aircraft is required to achieve many of the long term objectives for future aircraft platforms. To address the necessity for system optimization a vehicle-level aircraft model has been developed in a multidisciplinary modeling and simulation environment. Individual subsystem models developed exclusively in MATLAB-SimulinkTM, representing the vehicle dynamics, the propulsion, electrical power, and thermal systems, and their associated controllers, are combined to investigate the energy and thermal management issues of tactical air vehicle platforms. A thermal vehicle level tip-to-tail model allows conceptual design trade studies of various subsystems and can quantify performance gains across the aircraft. …
3d Cfd Investigation Of Low Pressure Turbine Aerodynamics, Jacob Andrew Sharpe
3d Cfd Investigation Of Low Pressure Turbine Aerodynamics, Jacob Andrew Sharpe
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A 3-D Reynolds-Averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) model of a highly-loaded blade profile has been developed using a commercial CFD code with an unstructured/structured grid and several different turbulence models. The ability of each model to predict total pressure loss performance is examined in terms of the spanwise loss distribution and the integrated total pressure loss coefficient. The flowfield predicted by each model is investigated through comparisons of isosurfaces of Q criterion to previous Implicit Large Eddy Simulation (ILES) results. The 3-equation k-kl-¿ model was shown to provide the most accurate performance predictions for a baseline 3-D LPT geometry, and was …
Low-Velocity Impact Behavior Of Sandwich Panels With 3d Printed Polymer Core Structures, Andrew Joseph Turner
Low-Velocity Impact Behavior Of Sandwich Panels With 3d Printed Polymer Core Structures, Andrew Joseph Turner
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
Sandwich panel structures are widely used in aerospace, marine, and automotive applications because of their high flexural stiffness, strength-to-weight ratio, good vibration damping, and low through-thickness thermal conductivity. These structures consist of solid face sheets and low-density cellular core structures, which are often based upon honeycomb topologies. The recent progress of additive manufacturing (AM) (popularly known as 3D printing) processes has allowed lattice configurations to be designed with improved thermal-mechanical properties. The aim of this work is to design and print lattice truss structures (LTS) keeping in mind the flexible nature of AM. Several 3D printed core structures were created …
Resilience And Toughness Behavior Of 3d-Printed Polymer Lattice Structures: Testing And Modeling, Mohammed Al Rifaie
Resilience And Toughness Behavior Of 3d-Printed Polymer Lattice Structures: Testing And Modeling, Mohammed Al Rifaie
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This research focuses on the energy absorption capability of additively manufactured or 3D printed polymer lattice structures of different configurations. The Body Centered Cubic (BCC) lattice structure is currently being investigated by researchers for energy absorption applications. For this thesis, the BCC structure is modified by adding vertical bars in different arrangements to create three additional configurations. Four designs or sets of the lattice structure are selected for comparison including BCC, BCC with vertical bars added to all nodes (BCCV), BCC with vertical bars added to alternate nodes (BCCA), and BCC with gradient arrangements of vertical bars (BCCG). Both experimental …
A Numerical And Experimental Investigation Of Steady-State And Transient Melt Pool Dimensions In Additive Manufacturing Of Invar 36, Chigozie Nwachukwu Obidigbo
A Numerical And Experimental Investigation Of Steady-State And Transient Melt Pool Dimensions In Additive Manufacturing Of Invar 36, Chigozie Nwachukwu Obidigbo
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The use of additive manufacturing (AM) in tooling enables low production components to be fabricated with lower costs, reduced waste, increased design flexibility and reduced lead time. Invar 36 is a popular metal tooling material known for its low coefficient of thermal expansion. This work uses thermal finite element (FE) modeling as a tool to determine the feasibility of using Invar 36 in AM and to investigate the transient effect from common scanning strategies. Results show that the steady-state melt pool dimensions behave similar to traditional AM materials for varying process parameters. Transient results show that the melt pool response …
Modeling Two Phase Flow Heat Exchangers For Next Generation Aircraft, Hayder Hasan Jaafar Al-Sarraf
Modeling Two Phase Flow Heat Exchangers For Next Generation Aircraft, Hayder Hasan Jaafar Al-Sarraf
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Two-phase heat exchangers offer the potential of significant energy transfer by taking advantage of the latent heat of vaporization as the working fluid changes phase. Unfortunately, the flow physics of the phase change process is very complex and there are significant gaps in the fundamental knowledge of how several key parameters are affected by the phase change process. Therefore, an initial investigation modeling a two-phase flow heat exchanger has been accomplished. Many key assumptions have been defined which are critical to modeling two-phase flows. This research lays an initial foundation on which further investigations can build upon. Two-phase heat exchangers …
Turboelectric Distributed Propulsion System For Nasa Next Generation Aircraft, Hashim H. Abada
Turboelectric Distributed Propulsion System For Nasa Next Generation Aircraft, Hashim H. Abada
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Next generation aircraft, more specifically NASA aircraft concepts, will include new technologies and make many advancements in fuel economy and noise. However, there are some challenges associated with the latest technologies that NASA is planning to use for the next generation aircraft. For example, these aircraft concepts require large amounts of electrical power to generate the required thrust throughout a notional flight profile. One of the new technologies is using advanced propulsion systems, such as the Turboelectric Distributed Propulsion (TeDP) system, which is significantly different from current aerospace high bypass turbofan based propulsion system. The TeDP propulsion system replaces the …
An Automated Controller Design Methodology For Six Degree-Of-Freedom Aircraft Models, Dominic J. Dierker
An Automated Controller Design Methodology For Six Degree-Of-Freedom Aircraft Models, Dominic J. Dierker
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This thesis presents an automated design methodology for development of six degree-of-freedom aircraft controllers. The essential functions required of the controller design are 1) to provide sufficient inner loop compensation to guarantee dynamic stability and acceptable handling qualities over the full flight envelope, and, 2) to enable automated mission following capabilities through implementation of outer loop trackers. A hierarchical control architecture consisting of nested nonlinear dynamic inversion control loops is proposed as a means of achieving these top level objectives. Gain tuning based on an automated linearization methodology is then suggested. Next, an automated optimal control allocation algorithm is tested …
Electrical Power And Storage For Nasa Next Generation Aircraft, Saif Al-Agele
Electrical Power And Storage For Nasa Next Generation Aircraft, Saif Al-Agele
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Next generation aircraft will incorporate more electrical power generation and storage for both a distributed electric propulsion system and onboard subsystems. The power generation in this type of aircraft will require orders of magnitude higher than today’s commercial aircrafts, thus producing many challenges. For this reason, a unique, high-powered electric propulsion system primarily powered by a turbo-generator system with electrical storage is being considered. A Simulink/Matlab model has bee created for the electrical power system of the next generation blended wing commercial aircraft proposed by NASA. The components of the electrical system include turbo-generators, generators, battery banks, and electrical distribution …
Experimental Investigation On Flow Characteristics Of A Four-Wing Micro Air Vehicle, Lisong Shi, Chunkit Uy, Shih K. Huang, Zifeng Yang, George P.G. Huang, Chihyung Wen
Experimental Investigation On Flow Characteristics Of A Four-Wing Micro Air Vehicle, Lisong Shi, Chunkit Uy, Shih K. Huang, Zifeng Yang, George P.G. Huang, Chihyung Wen
Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
The aim of current research work on micro air vehicles is to realize their autonomous control, i.e. building a library for a lookup table that would apply to micro electronics. In doing so, comprehensive flight tests need to be carried out. In this study, a four-wing flapping MAV is built and a multi-discipline approach is used to design the MAV model. Precision manufacturing technology is introduced here. The finished micro air vehicle has a weight of 8 g and is tested for flight by remote control. The micro air vehicle can perform both hovering and forward flight with high maneuverability. …
Nonaffine Rearrangements Of Atoms In Deformed And Quiescent Binary Glasses, Nikolai V. Priezjev
Nonaffine Rearrangements Of Atoms In Deformed And Quiescent Binary Glasses, Nikolai V. Priezjev
Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
The influence of periodic shear deformation on nonaffine atomic displacements in an amorphous solid is examined via molecular dynamics simulations. We study the three-dimensional Kob-Andersen binary mixture model at a finite temperature. It is found that when the material is periodically strained, most of the atoms undergo repetitive nonaffine displacements with amplitudes that are broadly distributed. We show that particles with large amplitudes of nonaffine displacements are organized into compact clusters. With increasing strain amplitude, spatial correlations of nonaffine displacements become increasingly long-ranged, although they remain present even in a quiescent system due to thermal fluctuations.
Carbon Nanotube Based Groundwater Remediation: The Case Of Trichloroethylene, Kshitij C. Jha, Zhuonan Liu, Hema Vijwani, Mallikarjuna Nadagouda, Sharmila M. Mukhopadhyay, Mesfin Tsige
Carbon Nanotube Based Groundwater Remediation: The Case Of Trichloroethylene, Kshitij C. Jha, Zhuonan Liu, Hema Vijwani, Mallikarjuna Nadagouda, Sharmila M. Mukhopadhyay, Mesfin Tsige
Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
Adsorption of chlorinated organic contaminants (COCs) on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has been gaining ground as a remedial platform for groundwater treatment. Applications depend on our mechanistic understanding of COC adsorption on CNTs. This paper lays out the nature of competing interactions at play in hybrid, membrane, and pure CNT based systems and presents results with the perspective of existing gaps in design strategies. First, current remediation approaches to trichloroethylene (TCE), the most ubiquitous of the COCs, is presented along with examination of forces contributing to adsorption of analogous contaminants at the molecular level. Second, we present results on TCE adsorption …
Micro-Raman Investigation Of Residual Stresses In Sic/Sic Composites, Kaitlin Kollins
Micro-Raman Investigation Of Residual Stresses In Sic/Sic Composites, Kaitlin Kollins
The University Honors Program
Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMCs) are being developed for use in extreme operating conditions. Specifically, there is interest to replace superalloys with Silicon-Carbide/Silicon-Carbide (SiC/SiC) CMCs in the hot section of gas turbine engines because of their lower densities, high temperature performance, and oxidation resistance. Due to the high temperature processing conditions of SiC/SiC CMCs, there are thermal residual stresses inherent to the material. This study focused on using micro-Raman Spectroscopy on as manufactured SiC/SiC CMCs to measure and investigate the residual stresses within a fiber and the matrix material. Following the silicon Raman active mode at 520 cm-1 and the SiC …
Carbon-Based Hierarchical Scaffolds For Myoblast Differentiation: Synergy Between Nano-Functionalization And Alignment, Akhil Patel, Shilpaa Mukundan, Wenhu Wang, Anil K. Karumuri, Vinayak Sant, Sharmila M. Mukhopadhyay, Shilpa Sant
Carbon-Based Hierarchical Scaffolds For Myoblast Differentiation: Synergy Between Nano-Functionalization And Alignment, Akhil Patel, Shilpaa Mukundan, Wenhu Wang, Anil K. Karumuri, Vinayak Sant, Sharmila M. Mukhopadhyay, Shilpa Sant
Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
While several scaffolds have been proposed for skeletal muscle regeneration, multiscale hierarchical scaffolds with the complexity of extracellular matrix (ECM) haven’t been engineered successfully. By precise control over nano- and microscale features, comprehensive understanding of the effect of multiple factors on skeletal muscle regeneration can be derived. In this study, we engineered carbon-based scaffolds with hierarchical nano- and microscale architecture with controlled physico-chemical properties. More specifically, we built multiscale hierarchy by growing carbon nanotube (CNT) carpets on two types of scaffolds, namely, interconnected microporous carbon foams and aligned carbon fiber mats. Nanostructured CNT carpets offered fine control over nano-roughness and …
Reversible Plastic Events During Oscillatory Deformation Of Amorphous Solids, Nikolai V. Priezjev
Reversible Plastic Events During Oscillatory Deformation Of Amorphous Solids, Nikolai V. Priezjev
Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications
The effect of oscillatory shear strain on nonaffine rearrangements of individual particles in a three-dimensional binary glass is investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. The amorphous material is represented by the Kob-Andersen mixture at the temperature well below the glass transition. We find that during periodic shear deformation of the material, some particles undergo reversible nonaffine displacements with amplitudes that are approximately power-law distributed. Our simulations show that particles with large amplitudes of nonaffine displacement exhibit a collective behavior; namely, they tend to aggregate into relatively compact clusters that become comparable with the system size near the yield strain. Along with …
The Design And Experimental Investigation Of Novel Double-Blade Wind Turbine Models Inspired By Houck's Concept, Laura E. Carpenter
The Design And Experimental Investigation Of Novel Double-Blade Wind Turbine Models Inspired By Houck's Concept, Laura E. Carpenter
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Energy can be captured from wind turbines efficiently today. However there's always room for improvement up to the Betz's limit of 59.3% efficiency. A novel wind turbine blade was designed with double blade rotor inspired by Houck's concept in an attempt to improve the efficiency of the horizontal axis wind turbine. Scaled wind turbine models with a diameter of 150 mm were designed in SolidWorks adjusting the parameters of stagger, gap, and decalage. The general design comprises of two modern blades attached by a curved flow guide at the tip. Fourteen blade models were designed and tested to obtain power, …