Mechanical Engineering Commons^™

Properties Of (Cd, Zn)S Films Deposited By Dc Co-Sputtering, Lwitiko P. Mwakyusa

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

CdS thin film is commonly used as a buffer layer in most thin film solar cells. However, the buffer layer with less absorption in the visible region of the solar spectrum as well as that which provides perfect lattice matching with the absorbers is required. The incorporation of Zn in the CdS films can affect the structural and optical properties of the buffer layer. In this work, films of CdS and (Cd,Zn)S films were deposited by DC sputtering utilizing CdS and Zn targets. The concentration of Zn in the CdS was varied by changing the sputtering power of the Zn …

Lead Acid Battery Recycling In The Current Tanzania Industrialization Drive: Challenges And Opportunities, Divina D. Kaombe

Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)

ABSTRACT Advancements in automotive technologies, Information and Communications Technology and renewable energy technologies have increased the use of lead acid batteries as a source of portable and rechargeable energy. This has considerably increased the number of spent batteries with adverse effects on the environment and human health; which calls for recycling of spent batteries. This work was conducted to investigate challenges facing the formal business of recycling spent batteries and potential manufacturers of new lead-acid batteries in Tanzania. The work involved collection of information from key stakeholders such as collectors, dealers, Tanzania Revenue Authority and recyclers. It was found out …

Damage Stability Study Of A 500 Dw Ro-Ro Ferry Vessel, Zulfaidah Ariany, Budhi Santoso, Sarwoko Sarwoko, Nauval Abdurrahman Prasetyo

Makara Journal of Technology

The development of the crossing transportation industry is currently increasing in the island areas. The use of Ro-Ro type ferry boats is extremely efficient in moving people, goods, and vehicles. The current research focuses on the damage stability of the 500 DWT Ro-Ro ferry, which aims to meet the needs of the Ro-Ro ferry in the archipelago area. The previously existing initial design of a barge hull with a main size Lpp = 40.15 m, B = 12 m, H = 3.2 m, and T = 2.15 m was used to analyze the damage stability condition further. First, the drawings …

Comparative Analysis Of Injection Of Pyrolysis Oil From Plastics And Gasoline Into The Engine Cylinder And Atomization By A Direct High-Pressure Injector, Magdalena Szwaja, Jeffrey Naber, David Shonnard, Daniel G. Kulas, Ali Zolghadr, Stanislaw Szwaja

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

The article discusses the results of experimental studies on the course of pyrolysis oil injection through the high-pressure injector of a direct-injection engine. The pyrolysis oil used for the tests was derived from waste plastics (mainly high-density polyethylene—HDPE). This oil was then distilled. The article also describes the production technology of this pyrolysis oil on a laboratory scale. It presents the results of the chemical composition of the raw pyrolysis oil and the oil after the distillation process using GC-MS analysis. Fuel injection tests were carried out for the distilled pyrolysis oil and a 91 RON gasoline in order to …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Hybrid Catalysts For Fischer-Tropsch Jet Fuel Production, Jack M. Steinagel

Honors College Theses

Climate change is a major issue that our world is facing today. Finding renewable options for current infrastructure is paramount to solving this issue. Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of syngas from gasified biomass can produce renewable fuels that can be used in current conventional combustion engines. In order to make this process more industrially viable, a higher selectivity towards the desired range of liquid hydrocarbon products must be achieved. A novel way to do this is to introduce a catalyst to the Fischer-Tropsch reaction. The catalyst’s physical and chemical properties can promote chain growth of specific hydrocarbons. For the purpose of this …

Performance Comparison Of Several Control Algorithms For Tracking Control Of Pantograph Mechanism, Laylaa Mahmoud Eng, Mohamed Shamseldin Dr, Mohamed Sallam Dr, Abdelghany Mohamed Prof

Future Engineering Journal

A sort of parallel manipulator known as a pantograph robot mechanism was created primarily for industrial requests that required high precision and satisfied speed. While tracking a chosen trajectory profile requires a powerful controller. Because it has four active robot links and one robot passive link in place of just two links like the open chain does, it can carry more loads than the open chain robot mechanism while maintaining accuracy and stability. The calculated model for a closed chain pantograph robot mechanism presented in this paper takes into account the boundary conditions. For the purpose of simulating the dynamics …

Relative Rate Observer Self-Tuning Of Fuzzy Pid Virtual Inertia Control For An Islanded Microgrid, Ahmed H. Mohamed, Helmy M. El Zoghby, Mohiy Bahgat, A. M. Abdel Ghany

Future Engineering Journal

Expanding the usage of renewable energy in islanded microgrids leads to a reduction in its total inertia. Low inertia microgrids have difficulties in voltage and frequency control. That affected saving its stability and preventing a blackout. To improve low inertia islanded microgrids' dynamic response and save their stability, this paper presented relative rate observer self-tuning fuzzy PID (RROSTF-PID) based on virtual inertia control (VIC) for an islanded microgrid with a high renewable energy sources (RESs) contribution. RROSTF-PID based on VIC's success in showing remarkable improvement in the microgrid's dynamic response and enhancement of its stability. Moreover, it handles different contingency …

Extraction Of Cellulose Nanocrystals From Secondary Paper Waste And Their Use In Paper Production, E A. Egamberdiev, S K. Norboyev

Technical science and innovation

Cellulose nanocrystals were obtained by hydrolysis process from waste paper industry. The result of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) for nanocellulose showed that no new chemical bonds were formed during the preparation of nanocellulose. The results of X-ray diffraction showed that the crystallinity of the macules produced in the treated and untreated paper industry was 66% and 73.8%, respectively. The results of nanocellulose revealed a natural needle-like fiber with a length of 300 nm to 600 nm, a diameter of 10 nm to 30 nm, and an aspect ratio in the range of 10 to 60. It was found that …

Accurate Predictions Of Thermoset Resin Glass Transition Temperatures From All-Atom Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Gregory Odegard, Sagar Patil, Prashik Gaikwad, Prathamesh Deshpande, Aaron Krieg, Sagar P. Shah, Aspen Reyes, Tarik Dickens, Julia A. King, Marianna Maiaru

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

To enable the design and development of the next generation of high-performance composite materials, there is a need to establish improved computational simulation protocols for accurate and efficient prediction of physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of thermoset resins. This is especially true for the prediction of glass transition temperature (Tg), as there are many discrepancies in the literature regarding simulation protocols and the use of cooling rate correction factors for predicting values using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The objectives of this study are to demonstrate accurate prediction the Tg with MD without the use of cooling rate correction factors and …

A Cfd-Based Scaling Analysis On Liquid And Paint Droplets Moving Through A Weak Concurrent Airflow Stream, Masoud Arabghahestani, Nelson Akafuah, Tianxiang Li, Kozo Saito

Progress in Scale Modeling, an International Journal

We conducted volume of fluids (VOF) multiphase model numerical simulations to obtain the interaction among all the major governing forces identified in our previous paper. Our numerical experiments are intended to assess the droplet generation process and the jetting behavior by providing specific input conditions, offering CFD as a tool to study scaling correlations instead of physical experiments. Water droplets that can represent waterborne paints were generated by piezo-generated sinusoidal waveforms at the inlet of the nozzle. The governing forces included the external piezo-based wave-generation force, the inertial force of droplets, the inertial force of air, the viscose force of …

Effect Of Degradation Of Methylene Blue Dye (Mb) By Using Erbium Oxide (Er2o3) Nps, Hind Ahmed Jasim, Farah Farman Abbass, Sarah A. Hamood, Hind Mohammed Hassan, Mohammed Sellab Hamza

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

In an experiment investigating the photo catalytic degradation of methylene blue using varied concentrations of Er2O3 nanoparticles, different conditions were tested including with and without sunshine, as well as in the absence of a UV source. The presence of a UV source was also considered in the research. UV-Visible spectroscopy was utilized to characterize the catalysts. The degradation of methylene blue dye was monitored by spectrophotometry by tracking dye absorbance at regular time intervals and adjusting the dye concentration. The results indicated that the most effective degradation of methylene blue dye occurred during a 5-hour irradiation time and in the …

Architecture Between Development And Ability Programs, Allaa Ahmed Rasheed, Ibrahim Jawad Kadhim

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

The development of architecture and its pursuit of perfection can only be achieved through society to reach a specific result when meeting new desires that arise as a result of human development, expanding individual and societal needs, and deepening their relationships in multifaceted ways. The research focuses on development as it requires a clear cumulative vision of the integrative relationship between practice and participation in interpreting the act (effect) from the force (influence). It emphasizes that the power of capabilities is understood through learning and education in describing the capabilities of architecture. This involves adopting new ideas and intellectual premises …

The Designing Of Contemporary Teaching- Learning Spaces According To Interactive Flow Action Local School Spaces-A Case Study, Aseel Jasem Al-Ataby, Anwar Subhi Ramadan Al-Qaraghuli

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

The world today faces many challenges related to environmental issues, as well as other social and economic challenges, and in light of intellectual, cognitive, and technical transformations, which led to the emergence of many new phenomena and concepts that correspond to them, including the concept of flow. This concept has been associated with many aspects of life, including architecture, whose importance has emerged recently in light of the challenge of the spread of the Corona virus and its effects on architecture with its residential, educational, and other spaces. This research focuses on the flow in the architectural space in general, …

A New Compact Triple-Band Micro-Strip Monopole Antenna Based On Minkowski Fractal Geometry, Hayder S. Ahmed, Zahra' Salah Ahmed, Sarah A. Hamood, Mohammed Sellab Hamza, Taha A. Elwi

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Wireless communication systems have made significant advancements in size reduction, with antenna terminals remaining a primary challenge for system compatibility. As a result, much of industrial research is focused on antenna miniaturization in wireless systems. In this work, a novel compact Triple-Band Fractal (TBF) antenna is proposed, utilizing three coupling fractal patches with varying iteration levels of Minkowski geometry to provide three resonant bands. The antenna design is implemented using an antenna substrate with a dielectric constant of 10.8 and a thickness of 1.27 mm within the CST Microwave Studio environment. The zero iteration patch resonator is responsible for the …

The Role Of Community Participation In The Architectural Production, Allaa Ahmed Rasheed, Ibrahim Jawad Kadhim

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

The role of community participation as a power in building architectural output at the level of the act of thinking in architecture and the design process in non-existence is related to power and presence with act. The research is concerned with expanding knowledge in the direction of the holistic language and searching for the role that builds the privacy of the architectural product versus the community's societal identity. It studies the concept of act within the limits of existence at the level of community participation since the act of architecture is the act of man to meet certain needs and …

The Communicative Deviation In Contemporary Architectural Production, Haneen Hosham Abd-Alrahman, Panrizat Q. Hussein Fehmi

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Deviation is one of the most important concepts discussed in various architectural and non-architectural theses when addressing the topic of creative production. It involves breaking away from the familiar and surpassing established architectural rules to create unique and excellent products that are characterized by their creativity and aesthetic appeal. Recognizing the significance of this concept in shaping contemporary architectural production, the research endeavors to explore the concept of connective displacement in architecture and delve into its essential aspects. The research identifies the research problem as the "cognitive deficiency surrounding connective displacement in the semantic structures embedded in architecture." The objective …

Developed Rc4 Algorithm With Double Reverse For Better Data Protect, Fouad Sahib Muhamed Alkhazraji

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

Computer security plays a crucial role in protecting users' data, and cryptographic techniques are commonly used for this purpose. Encryption is a method employed to ensure data confidentiality, whether it is stored on hard drives or transferred through various media. RC4 (Rivest Cipher 4) is a cryptographic algorithm that utilizes the same key for both encryption and decryption processes. It falls under the category of stream ciphers, which are widely utilized in numerous protocols due to their flexibility and speed. RC4 employs XOR (exclusive OR) function to implement its encryption and decryption steps. In this paper, a technique known as …

Evaluation Of Material Request Order To Support Sustainable Construction, Fajar Susilowati, Nur Nahdiah Anggraeni

Makara Journal of Technology

This study was conducted on one of Indonesia’s apartment projects, in which reinforced concrete is the main structure. Based on existing project data, this project experienced a decline in the construction work’s progress, thus reducing the project’s overall progress. This decline occurred because the delivery of concrete reinforcement material was delayed. This study aimed to determine the process of material request order and its relationship with the work implementation, as well as the factors that influenced the delayed arrival of concrete reinforcement material at the project site. The method used in this study was observation and interview. Data were analyzed …

Myosin Ii Adjusts Motility Properties And Regulates Force Production Based On Motor Environment, Omayma Y. Al Azzam, Janie C. Watts, Justin E. Reynolds, Juliana E. Davis, Dana N. Reinemann

Faculty and Student Publications

Introduction—Myosin II has been investigated with optical trapping, but single motor-filament assay arrangements are not reflective of the complex cellular environment. To understand how myosin interactions propagate up in scale to accomplish system force generation, we devised a novel actomyosin ensemble optical trapping assay that reflects the hierarchy and compliancy of a physiological environment and is modular for interrogating force effectors.

Methods—Hierarchical actomyosin bundles were formed in vitro. Fluorescent template and cargo actin filaments (AF) were assembled in a flow cell and bundled by myosin. Beads were added in the presence of ATP to bind the cargo AF …

Droplet Dynamics And Heat Transfer During Condensation On Lubricant-Infused Surfaces, Jianxing Sun

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

Inspired by pitcher plants, a micro/nano- structured solid surface infused with low-surface-tension lubricant constitutes a novel class of biomimetic surfaces—lubricant-infused surfaces (LISs). Unlike solid hydrophobic and superhydrophobic surfaces, a LIS is “hemi-solid and hemi-liquid”. The thin lubricating film can extraordinarily decrease adhesion and avoid contact line pinning between the working fluid and the underlying solid, displaying many desirable properties, such as excellent liquid repellency, suppression of fouling, and self-healing. Hence, LISs are ideal for applications where liquids or contaminants must be efficiently removed from surfaces in harsh environments. For example, LISs can promote stable dropwise condensation of water or low-surface-tension …

Contents, Jaka Fajar Fatriansyah

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

No abstract provided.

Preface Of Volume 1 Issue 1 On Journal Of Materials Exploration And Findings (Jmef), Jaka Fajar Fatriansyah

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

No abstract provided.

The Optimization Of Failure Risk Estimation On The Uniform Corrosion Rate With A Non-Linear Function, Fernanda Hartoyo, Jaka Fajar Fatriansyah, Imam Abdillah Mas'ud, Farhan Rama Digita, Hanna Ovelia, D. Rizal Asral

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Failures in the oil and gas pipeline system are conditions that must be avoided and anticipated because the losses due to the failures can occur at a very high level. Internal corrosion is one of the significant causes of the failures in pipeline systems. In addition, this type of corrosion is due to the high content of carbon dioxide and other corrosive substances in crude oil and natural gas. Therefore, an optimal inspection scheduling system is required to prevent the possibility of pipeline failures due to corrosion and to avoid any overspending on the budget due to excessive inspection scheduling. …

Impact Of Spray Coating On The Performance Of Hydrophobic Membranes, Dominick J. Maiorano, Hamid Fattahijuybari, David Warsinger

Discovery Undergraduate Interdisciplinary Research Internship

Membrane distillation (MD) is a rapidly emerging water treatment technology used to combat the global water crisis. Membrane pore wetting is a primary barrier to widespread industrial use of MD. The primary causes of membrane wetting are membrane fouling and an exceedance of liquid entry pressure. The development of different types of polymer membranes and the use of pretreatment have led to significant movement towards the prevention of wetting in MD. We sought to take a new approach to combat membrane wetting that involves coating these membranes with hydrophilic chemical compounds, which consequently would decrease their air permeability. Pulling data …

Impact Of Ultrathin Coating Layer On Lithium-Ion Intercalation Into Particles For Lithium-Ion Batteries, Yufang He, Hiep Pham, Xinhua Liang, Jonghyun Park

Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Ultrathin film coatings on battery materials via atomic layer deposition (ALD) have been demonstrated as an efficient technology for battery performance enhancement. However, the fundamental understanding on lithium intercalation into active materials through the interface between the coating and active materials is unclear, which makes it difficult to optimize ALD coating strategies. Further, like most active materials, a coating layer can undergo volume change during the intercalation process, which can produce detrimental structural changes and mechanical failure of the layer. In this work, first-principles calculations are conducted to reveal the behavior of a coating layer on an active material particle …

The Effective Strategies For Mitigation The Impact Of Covid-19 On Construction Projects In Egypt, Nora Magdy Essa, Ibrahim Mahdi, Hassan Mohamed Ibrahim

Future Engineering Journal

From the time when the first narrated infections in Wuhan China, in late 2019, COVID-19 has had a substantial peal on human life and health. By the early of 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced the eruption of COVID-19, a public health crisis of international concern. On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization officially announced COVID-19 a pandemic. The first case was infected in Egypt of covid-19 on Feb 14, 2020 (Gilbert et al., 2020). On 16 March 2020, the Egyptian Government began issuing decisions as preventative courses as part of the country's inclusive plan to cope with …

Estimating The Weights Of Latticed Power Transmission Towers Using Genetic Programming, Ahmed M. Ebid Dr.

Future Engineering Journal

The recent booming in the power network industry inspired a lot of researchers to develop models to estimate the optimum cost of transmission towers. Unlike previous researches which depended on design the tower from scratch, this research depends on collecting actual database from several projects around the globe and applying the well-known (GP) technique to develop a model to predict the tower weight. The accuracy of the developed formula was about 84%. The developed model could be used in early tender stage or to check design economy.

Effect Of Dispersions Of Al2o3 On The Physical And Mechanical Properties Of Pure Copper And Copper-Nickel Alloy, Samah El-Khatib, A. H. Elsayed, A. Y. Shash, A. El-Habak

Future Engineering Journal

This paper illustrates the mechanical and physical properties of pure Cu and Cu-Ni (50-50 wt. %) alloy mixed with Al₂O₃ (1-4 wt. %) as micro-particles reinforcement materials. The attained composite alloy specimens' characteristics were estimated such as microstructure, relative density, electrical and thermal conductivity, hardness, and compression yield stress properties to adjust the suitable optimum percentage of reinforcing material which has the best physical and mechanical properties with different main matrix materials whether pure Cu powder or Cu-Ni mechanical alloy. The micron-sized Al₂O₃ was added to enhance the mechanical and physical properties of the …

Particle Formation And Thermal Radiation In Laminar Diffusion Flames With Applications To Energy And Materials, Phillip Irace

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

Fossil fuels supply over 80% of the world’s primary energy, and if current policy and technology trends continue, global energy and energy-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are predicted to increase for at least several decades owing to population and economic growth, leading to serious concerns regarding global warming. Natural gas releases less CO2 than other fossil fuels (e.g., coal and oil) and can help meet future CO2 emission targets. Natural gas combustion, however, has poor radiation heat transfer when compared to other fossil fuels owing to its low propensity for soot formation, making it difficult to use as a drop-in …

Nuclear Energy As A Reliable And Safe Source Of Power Generation, Sarup Dhungana

Honors Theses

There is a high demand of energy for generating civil applicable power in the world and in the USA, correspondingly. The world has been consuming various sources to extract the power to meet its demands. Most of the power sources include renewable and non-renewable sources like fossil fuels, natural gas, coal, water, solar, wind, and nuclear power. Although most of these sources have many advantages in terms of their capacity and cost of production, nuclear power can be categorized as the emerging driving force in the United States and in the world for power generation, because of its reliability and …