Materials Science and Engineering Commons^™

Reference Diffraction Patterns, Microstructure, And Pore-Size Distribution For The Copper (Ii) Benzene-1,3,5-Tricarboxylate Metal Organic Framework (Cu-Btc) Compounds, L. Li, I. Williamson

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

No abstract provided.

Composition And Work Function Relationship In Os–Ru–W Ternary Alloys, Phillip D. Swartzentruber, Michael J. Detisch, Thomas John Balk

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

Os–Ru thin films with varying concentrations of W were sputter deposited in order to investigate their structure–property relationships. The films were analyzed with x-ray diffraction to investigate their crystal structures, and a Kelvin probe to investigate their work functions. An Os–Ru–W film with ∼30 at. % W yielded a work function maximum of approximately 5.38 eV. These results align well with other studies that found work function minima from thermionic emission data on M-type cathodes with varying amounts of W in the coatings. Furthermore, the results are consistent with other work explaining energy-level alignment and charge transfer of molecules on …

Electrochemiluminescence Assay Based On Bipolar Electrode For Bioanalysis, Mei-Sheng Wu, Jing-Juan Xu, Hong-Yuan Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Bipolar electrodes (BPEs) are electronic conductors which are usually embedded into microchannels. The potential difference at the BPE/solution interface is obtained by applying a voltage at the two ends of the microchannel. When it reaches a critical value, the redox reaction takes place at both poles of the BPE simultaneously. Compared with other detection methods, the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) platform based on BPE possesses the advantages of concentration enrichment, high sensitivity, low cost, portable sensor system, no need for a light source, which is quite suitable for bioanalysis. This paper reviews the ECL-BPE strategy for bioanalysis and proposes the future research …

An Enzymatic Ethanol/O2 Biofuel Cell Powered By Commercial Vodka Fuel, Yi-Ming Yan, Lan-Qun Mao

Journal of Electrochemistry

This study demonstrates the performance of a new type alcohol/O₂ biofuel cell assembled by using alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and bilirubin oxidase (BOD) as the biocatalysts of the bioanode and the biocathode for the bioelectrocatalytic oxidation of alcohol and reduction of oxygen, respectively. To construct the bioanode and the biocathode, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were used. In the bioanode, SWCNTs were used as the supporting materials for both methylene green (MG) which was used as the electrocatalyst for the oxidation of NADH and ADH. The as-constructed MG/ADH/SWCNTs-based bioanode exhibits a good activity toward the bioelectrocatalytic oxidation of ethanol. In the …

Electrochemical Monitoring Of Cell Wall-Regulated Transient Extracellular Oxidative Burst From Single Plant Cells, Jun-Tao Liu, Yan-Ling Liu, Zhi Cheng, Shi-Jing Chen, Wei-Hua Huang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Oxidative burst by rapid, transient generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a fundamental process for plant disease defense and signal transduction. ROS can be protective or toxic depending on their concentrations, and critical balance between ROS production and scavenging is regulated by complex and perfect mechanisms in plant cells. However, the process of rapid and transient ROS burst from plant cells and their regulatory mechanisms are far from being completely understood, owing to the methodological obstacles in real-time monitoring such a fast process. In this work, we showed the application of microelectrode electrochemistry with high spatiotemporal resolution to monitor …

Electrochemical Detection Of L-Cysteine Based On Iron Phthalocyanine/Nitrogen-Doped Graphene Modified Electrodes, Jing-Jing Xiao, Hui-Ying Xu, Li Xu, Bao-Hong Liu

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this study, we report a facile method to develop FePc/N-G hybrid modified electrode for the detection of L-cysteine. The electrochemical sensor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and amperometric response. The sensor exhibited a wider linear range with rapid response which has outperformed pure FePc/GCE, highlighting the important role of nitrogen doped graphene as substrate for improving the electrochemical response property.

Naio4 Oxidation Of Mussel Adhesive Protein Film And Its Corrosion Protection For Mg-1.0ca Alloy, Rui-Qing Hou, Ping-Li Jiang, Shi-Gang Dong, Chang-Jian Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

The effect of oxidation of mussel adhesive protein (Mefp-1) film on the corrosive resistance for Mg-1.0Ca alloy was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atom force microscopy (AFM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), Infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS) and electrochemical methods. The results showed that the NaIO₄ induced oxidation of the pre-formed Mefp-1 film with porous morphology involved structural change of the DOPA group in the protein and resulted in a more uniform film with net-like morphology. The protein film without oxidation had an increasing resistance for the corrosion of Mg-1.0Ca alloy up to 7 days exposure. After oxidation, Epit …

Nanosized Fe2O3 On Three Dimensional Hierarchical Porous Graphene-Like Matrices As High-Performance Anode Material For Lithium Ion Batteries, Qin-Wei Zhang, Yun-Yong Li, Pei-Kang Shen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Ferric oxide (Fe₂O₃) as a promising anode material for lithium ion battery is due to its high theoretical capacity (1007 mAh·g^-1), earth abundance and low cost. The nanosized Fe₂O₃ on the three dimensional hierarchical porous graphene-like network (denoted as Fe₂O₃-3D HPG) has been synthesized by homogeneous precipitation and heat treatment. The 3D HPG can provide a highly conductive structure in conjunction to support well contacted Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles, and effectively enhance the mechanical strength of the matrices during volume changes, as well as improve the …

Preparation And Properties Of Titanium Based Metal Oxide Electrodes For Ammonia Nitrogen Wastewater Treatment, Xue Li, Meng Xue, Ling Huang, Jun-Tao Li, Shi-Gang Sun

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this paper, four types of titanium based metal oxides electrodes were prepared by thermal decomposition method: Ti/SnO₂+Sb₂O₃, Ti/SnO₂+Sb₂O₃/SnO₂+IrO₂, Ti/SnO₂+Sb₂O₃/SnO₂+RuO₂, Ti/SnO₂+Sb₂O₃/SnO₂+CeO₂. The XRD results show that CeO₂ in Ti/SnO₂+Sb₂O₃/SnO₂+CeO₂ displayed a good crystal structure, and there was no significant oxygen evolution reaction occurred after electrolytic oxidation. Compared with the other three electrodes, the Ce-doped …

A Novel Nitrite Sensing Electrode Based On Au/Fe3O4/Chitosan Nanocomposite, Ying Dong, Yong Wang, Huan-Huan Xing, Jian-Ying Qu

Journal of Electrochemistry

A novel nitrite sensing electrode based on gold nanoparticles and iron oxides (Fe₃O₄) magnetic nanoparticles was fabricated with chitosan as the protective film on glassy carbon matrix. Experiment results showed that the sensing electrode exhibited good electrocatalytic activity toward oxidation of nitrite, and the oxidation peak current increased linearly with the concentration of nitrite varying from 5.0×10^-6 to 2.0×10^-3 mol·L^-1 (R=0.9996) with a detection limit of 7.1×10^-7 mol·L^-1 (S/N=3). The sensing electrode exhibited good sensitivity, selectivity and repeatability.

Process And Apparatus For Manufacturing Grease, Lou A. T. Honary, James E. Wesley

Patents (University of Northern Iowa)

A process and corresponding apparatus and system for use in preparing soaps from fatty acid containing oil compositions, and in turn, for preparing greases by the use of such soaps in combination with one or more base oils.

Temperature Dependence Of Anisotropic Magnetoresistance In Antiferromagnetic Sr2Iro4, C. Wang, H. Seinige, Gang Cao, J.-S. Zhou, J. B. Goodenough, M. Tsoi

Center for Advanced Materials Faculty Publications

Temperature-dependent magnetotransport properties of the antiferromagnetic semiconductor Sr₂IrO₄ are investigated with point-contact devices. The point-contact technique allows to probe very small volumes and, therefore, to look for electronic transport on a microscopic scale. Point-contact measurements with single crystals of Sr₂IrO₄ were intended to see whether the additional local resistance associated with a small contact area between a sharpened Cu tip and the antiferromagnet shows magnetoresistance (MR) such as that seen in bulk crystals. Point-contact measurements at liquid nitrogen temperature revealed large MRs (up to 28%) for modest magnetic fields (250 mT) applied within an …

Methods For Analyzing The Structure Of Creases In Heat Sealed Paperboard Packages, Ville Leminen, Petri Mäkelä, Panu Tanninen, Juha Varis

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

Press-forming of paperboard has been previously studied by several authors. A point of interest regarding gas tight heat sealing of the packages are the creases in the package. The objective of this article was to study and compare different microscopic imaging methods to research an optimal imaging method for the formation of creases in the press-forming process of polymer coated paperboard trays. The studied methods were: Scanning electrode microscopy (SEM), X-ray Microtomography, Optical light microscopy and Polarized light microscopy. All four tested methods delivered clear images. Casting of the samples in an acrylic resin and light microscope imaging was found …

Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation Of Intracranial Aneurysms - Comparing Size And Shape, Zifeng Yang, Hongtao Yu, George P. Huang, Ryan Schwieterman, Bryan Ludwig

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

Objective: To study the hemodynamics of an anatomic internal carotid artery aneurysm derived from a patient-specific model and then manipulate into two phantom morphologies: one growing uniformly by size and the other changing shape unevenly. Methods: The computational model of the saccular, internal carotid artery, aneurysm was constructed from 3D rotational, digitally subtracted, catheter angiography images. Computational fluid dynamics simulations were performed under pulsatile cardiac flow conditions. Velocity vectors, streamlines, pressure, and wall shear stress (WSS) and its variance distributions were quantitatively visualized. Results: The maximum pressure and WSS from the time-averaged distribution on the inside saccular surface of the …

Producing High Strength Aluminum Alloy By Combination Of Equal Channel Angular Pressing And Bake Hardening, Hamid Alihosseini, Mohsen Asle Zaeem, Kamran Dehghani, Ghader Faraji

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A combination of severe plastic deformation by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and bake hardening (BH) was used to produce high strength ultrafine-grained AA6061 aluminum alloy. 2, 4 and 8 passes of ECAP were performed, and the bake hardenability of samples was tested by 6% pre-straining followed by baking at 200 °C for 20 min. The microstructures obtained for various passes of ECAP were characterized by XRD, EBSD, and TEM techniques. The microstructures were refined from an average grain size of 20 µm to 212 nm after 8 passes of ECAP. Maximum bake hardenability of 110 MPa, and final yield …

Computational Multiscale Modeling And Characterization Of Piezoresistivity In Fuzzy Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites, Xiang Ren, Josh Burton, Gary D. Seidel, Khalid Lafdi

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

In this paper, the piezoresistive response (i.e. the change of resistance under the application of strain) of polymer composites reinforced by a novel material known as fuzzy fibers is characterized by using single tow piezoresistive fragmentation tests and modeled by using a 3D computational multiscale model based on the finite element analysis. In the characterization work, the fuzzy fiber tow is embedded in a dog-bone specimen infused by epoxy, with resistance and displacement measured simultaneously to obtain its piezoresistive response. An approximately linear and stable piezoresistive response is observed within the fuzzy fiber tow region yielding gauge factors on average …

Cytotoxic Activity Of Triazole-Containing Alkyl Ss-D-Glucopyranosides On A Human T-Cell Leukemia Cell Line, Edward Davis Oldham, Larissa M. Nunes, Armando Varela-Ramirez, Stephen E. Rankin, Barbara L. Knutson, Renato J. Aguilera, Hans-Joachim Lehmler

Chemical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Simple glycoside surfactants represent a class of chemicals that are produced from renewable raw materials. They are considered to be environmentally safe and, therefore, are increasingly used as pharmaceuticals, detergents, and personal care products. Although they display low to moderate toxicity in cells in culture, the underlying mechanisms of surfactant-mediated cytotoxicity are poorly investigated.

RESULTS: We synthesized a series of triazole-linked (fluoro)alkyl β-glucopyranosides using the copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne reaction, one of many popular "click" reactions that enable efficient preparation of structurally diverse compounds, and investigate the toxicity of this novel class of surfactant in the Jurkat cell line. Similar to …

Electronic, Optical, Mechanical And Thermoelectric Properties Of Graphene, Sarang Vilas Muley

Dissertations

Graphene, a two-dimensional allotrope of graphite with sp² bonded carbon atoms, is arranged in honeycomb structure. Its quasi one-dimensional form is graphene nanoribbon (GNR). Graphene related materials have been found to display excellent electronic, chemical, mechanical properties along with uniquely high thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity and high optical transparency. With excellent electrical characteristics such as high carrier transport properties, quantum Hall effect at room temperature and unusual magnetic properties, graphene has applications in optoelectronic devices.

Electronically, graphene is a zero bandgap semiconductor making it essential to tailor its structure for obtaining specific band structure. Narrow GNRs are known to …

Inkjet Printing Multifunctional Chromatic Sensors And Chromism Study, Aide Wu

Dissertations

The thermochromism and chemochromism of polydiacetylene (PDAs) and PDA/ZnO nano composites have been systematically studied by attentuated total reflection (ATR)- Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), temperature-dependent Raman, colorimetric (using optical densitometry) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Reversibility of PDAs has been enhanced by the formation of chelation between the carboxylic groups on side chain of diacetylene and Zn ion. The thermochromatic transition temperature increases with the concentration of ZnO.

Thin films of polydiacetylene (PDAs) and PDA/ZnO nanocomposites have been successfully fabricated by inkjet printing both solution type and suspension type ink. Results suggest that PDA monomers are well-aligned and closely packed …

Continuous Polymer Coating Of Host Particles By Hollow Fiber-Based Crystallizers, Dengyue Chen

Dissertations

Currently, no technique is available to continuously film coat nano-sized drug particles with a polymer to produce large amounts of free-flowing coated particles. In this work, Eudragit RL 100 and Poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) are chosen as the coating polymers; Cosmo 55 (550 nm silica particles), Aerosi l 200 (hydrophilic 12 nm silica), Aerosil R974 (hydrophobic 12 nm silica) and Griseofulvin (10 lam drug particles) are chosen as the host particles. Two novel crystal l izers are designed and fabricated to continuously coat the host particles with different polymers: solid hollow fiber cooling crystallizer (SH FCC) and porous hollow fiber …

Polymeric Nitrogen By Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition, El Mostafa Benchafia

Dissertations

With the urgent need for new environmentally-friendly energetic materials, the field of polymeric nitrogen, predicted to be a high energy density energetic, is now at a critical stage in its development. In spite of extensive first principles calculations regarding the existence and stability of different polymeric nitrogen structures, their successful syntheses have been rare. This dissertation describes the first detailed study of a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) approach to the synthesis of polymeric nitrogen. PECVD provides non-equilibrium conditions known to produce high pressure-temperature phases. Molecular nitrogen mixed with hydrogen and argon is used as the gas phase precursor to …

Electrochemical Capture Of Co2 From Natural Gas Using A High-Temperature Ceramic-Carbonate Membrane, Jingjing Tong, Lingling Zhan, Jie Fang, Minfang Han, Kevin Huang

Faculty Publications

This study reports the first investigation of using a ceramic-carbonate dual-phase membrane to electrochemically separate CO₂ from a simulated natural gas. The CO₂ permeation flux density was systematically studied as a function of temperature, CO₂ partial pressure and time. As expected, the flux density was observed to increase with temperature and CO₂ partial pressure. Long-term stability test showed that flux density experienced an initial performance-improving “break-in” period followed by a slow decay. Post-test microstructural analysis suggested that a gradual loss of carbonate during the test could be the cause of the flux-time behavior observed.

Theoretical Investigation Of Stabilities And Optical Properties Of Si12C12 Clusters, Xiaofeng F. Duan, Larry W. Burggraf

Faculty Publications

By sorting through hundreds of globally stable Si₁₂C₁₂ isomers using a potential surface search and using simulated annealing, we have identified low-energy structures. Unlike isomers knit together by Si–C bonds, the lowest energy isomers have segregated carbon and silicon regions that maximize stronger C–C bonding. Positing that charge separation between the carbon and silicon regions would produce interesting optical absorption in these cluster molecules, we used time-dependent density functional theory to compare the calculated optical properties of four isomers representing structural classes having different types of silicon and carbon segregation regions. Absorptions involving charge transfer between segregated …

Method And System For Purifying Charged Radioisotopes, Cathy Sue Cutler, Gary John Ehrhardt, Hendrik Petrus Engelbrecht, D. E. Day

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The present invention provides a simple and inexpensive method for removing metal and other impurities in a radioisotope solution. The invention further includes the development of a new parent/daughter generator system for collecting the daughter isotope in a concentrated solution.

Design, Fabrication And Characterization Of Mim Diodes And Frequency Selective Thermal Emitters For Solar Energy Harvesting And Detection Devices, Saumya Sharma

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Energy harvesting using rectennas for infrared radiation continues to be a challenge due to the lack of fast switching diodes capable of rectification at THz frequencies. Metal insulator metal diodes which may be used at 30 THz must show adequate nonlinearity for small signal rectification such as 30 mV. In a rectenna assembly, the voltage signal received as an output from a single nanoantenna can be as small as ~30µV. Thus, only a hybrid array of nanoantennas can be sufficient to provide a signal in the ~30mV range for the diode to be able to rectify around 30THz. A metal-insulator-metal …

Mse Annual Report 2015, Department Of Materials Science And Engineering, Michigan Technological University

Department of Materials Science and Engineering Annual Reports

Table of Contents

• Faculty and Staff News
• Faculty Research
• Student News
• Senior Design Teams
• Outreach
• Alumni News
• MSE by the Numbers
• Endowed Professorships

A Field Investigation Of Composite Mud Brick Compressive Strength, Kevin D. Hale

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open

It has been highlighted in numerous publications that in the field of earth construction there is a strong disconnect between experimental work in the laboratory and its application in the field. The current study attempts to help bridge this gap with a field test conducted in Nampula, Mozambique. Mud bricks were made with a simple hand mold and reinforced with bamboo and straw fibers. Fibers were cut into lengths of 3 cm and 6 cm while being mixed in fractions of 0.125%, 0.25% and 0.50% by weight and compressive strength was measured using an application of the 3-point bending test. …

A Multi-Scale Based Model For Composite Materials With Embedded Pzt Filaments For Energy Harvesting, A.E. El-Etriby, M.E. Abdel-Meguid, K.M. Shalan, Tarek Hatem, Yehia Bahei-El-Din

Centre for Advanced Materials

Ambient vibrations are major source of wasted energy, exploiting properly such vibration can be converted to valuable energy and harvested to power up devices, i.e. electronic devices. Accordingly, energy harvesting using smart structures with active piezoelectric ceramics has gained wide interest over the past few years as a method for converting such wasted energy. This paper provides numerical and experimental analysis of piezoelectric fiber based composites for energy harvesting applications proposing a multi-scale modeling approach coupled with experimental verification. The multi-scale approach suggested predicting the behavior of piezoelectric fiber-based composites use micromechanical model based on Transformation Field Analysis (TFA) to …

Design And Synthesis Of Low-Bandgap Polymers For Organic Photovoltaic Applications, Letian Dou

Link Foundation Energy Fellowship Reports

This research at UCLA focused on the design and synthesis of novel conjugated polymers as the electron-donor material for photovoltaic devices. By careful molecular design both on the polymer backbone and the side chains, a series of low-bandgap conjugated polymers were synthesized for a variety of photovoltaic applications, including single junction and tandem polymer solar cells. In addition, the author designed and synthesized a novel higly perfect polymer single crystal material via a visible light triggered topochemical reaction. This kind of materials shows high potential for application in solar cells and transistors, which, the author believe, is a huge breakthrough …

Enhanced Presentation Of Tomographic Data, Carmen Watts Clayton, Bernice E. Mills, George Buffleben, Thien Vu-Nguyen

STAR Program Research Presentations

Solid materials can now be viewed non-destructively with x-rays by tomography; a technique for taking many 2D images of an object at many angles and reconstructing the images into a 3D data cube. The data is next rendered into 2D or 3D still images or movies. By nature, x-ray tomography yields a very large amount of data in three dimensions. Effectively displaying this data to an audience is a challenge.

In this work techniques are explored to improve the presentation methods of movies of both 2D and 3D tomographic data for visual appeal and correct perspective. Finding the optimal ways …