Materials Science and Engineering Commons^™

The Effect Of Copper Upon The Eutectoid Reaction In The Zinc-Aluminum System, Paul Theodore Corcoran

Masters Theses

"A Leitz dilatometer was used to study the kinetics of the eutectoid reaction in the zinc-aluminum system and the effect of small additions of copper upon this reaction. Three alloys were investigated: a pure 78% zinc - 22% aluminum alloy; a 78% zinc - 21.9% aluminum - 0.1% copper alloy; a 78% zinc - 21% aluminum -1.0% copper alloy. It was found that this reaction was similar to the pearlite reaction in the iron-carbon system. The reaction occurred by diffusion processes and the products of the reaction looked similar to pearlite when examined under the microscope. Copper was found to …

A Feasibility Study Of The Haeffner Effect In Mercury, Paul Martin Machmeier

Masters Theses

"An investigation of the Haeffner Effect in mercury by the use of a decade scaler suggested the need for a comprehensive statistical analysis of the data to justify reporting the presence of an isotopic separation. It has also been shown that the temperature of the mercury column must be accurately calculated before a temperature dependent relationship with the Haeffner Effect can be cited"--Abstract, page ii.

The Effect Of Varying Sea Coal Fineness On Sea Coal Activity In Molding Sands, Laurence A. Cooley

Masters Theses

"An experiment was conducted in an attempt to establish a relation between sea coal activity in a facing sand and the particle size of the sea coal added to the sand. It was felt that if a sufficient difference in distribution of volatiles was detected, a correlation between particle size and activity of the sea coal within the test specimens might be established. The lack of positive evidence to support such a relationship is indicative that a variation in particle size does not promote volatile re-deposition within the range of particle sizes investigated for the particular weight per cent of …

Anodic Dissolution And Disintegration Of Tin And Valency Of The Tin Ions Going Into Solution, Mrityunjoy Dutta

Masters Theses

"The increased demand for protective coatings on metals and for non-corrosive alloys has stimulated extensive research on the fundamental behavior of metals in corrosive media. One of the problems still unsolved is the nature of the mechanism of the anodic dissolution of metals like beryllium, zinc, magnesium, cadmium, tin, aluminum, iron in aqueous salt solutions. It has been reported in the literature that these metals show discrepancies which often arise between coulometric data and the weight loss of metal electrodes in various media. Several investigators have proposed different and opposing theories to explain the above deviation. The purpose of the …

A Study Of Sulfide Inclusions In Medium Carbon Steels, Shane Shiang Yen

Masters Theses

"Sulfur is a very important component in steel. Usually is it present as an impurity in commercial steels. In these materials the sulfur content is 0.05 percent maximum but may be higher or lower than this in some steels...It is generally believed that sulfur has a deleterious effect on the mechanical properties of steels. Originally this investigation was to deal with this aspect of sulfur in steels but the work did not progress to this stage. An effort was made to vary the nature of the sulfides in several experimental heats of steel by controlling their composition. Variation in the …

A Study Of Hot Shortness In Steels, Koang-Hwa Kung

Masters Theses

"In this investigation an attempt was made to study the deformation of a number of laboratory-melted and commercial steels. A compressive load was applied to the steels at constant temperature and also during heating. The amounts and rates of deformation in these two types of tests was not consistent: in the constant temperature tests the hot short steels deformed more than the others while they appeared to deform less during heating. Metallographic examination of the sulfides indicated that the sulfides in cast steel are not stable and that they change during heating and hot working"--Introduction, page 2.

Order-Disorder In Fe₃Al At Various Temperatures Induced By Neutron Irradiation, Robert F. Toma Jr.

Masters Theses

"Resistivity measurements were made on ordered and disordered Fe₃Al samples while irradiated by neutrons.

In the ordered as well as the disorder state, the different Fe₃Al samples were heated to 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300°C respectively, and were irradiated by a fast neutron flux of 0.534 x 10¹⁰ neutrons/cm²-sec. The ordered Fe₃Al measurements were characterized by an increase in resistivity denoting an advancement toward disorder. The disordered Fe₃Al measurements were characterized by a decrease in resistivity denoting an advancement toward order. In the Fe₃Al ordered and disordered samples …

Hot Isostatic Compaction Of Graphite, Donald C. Carmichael, P. D. Ownby, Edwin S. Hodge

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The effects of temperature, pressure, and graphite starting material on the density, isotropy, and strength of dense graphite material prepared by hot isostatic compaction of graphite powders were examined. Process equipment was developed to permit operation at temperatures up to 2700 C under a 1600-atom isostatic pressure of inert gas . The isotropy of graphite compacts was determined by neutron diffraction. Relatively isotropic, high-purity graphites were produced having modest isotropic tensile strength and extremely high density (up to 2.24 g per cm³, or 99 per cent of theoretical).

Internal Friction Of Mixed-Alkali Silicate Glasses, James E. Shelby

Doctoral Dissertations

"The mixed alkali effect in silicate glasses was examined from internal friction measurements made over the temperature range from -190 to 500⁰C and at a frequency of 0.4 Hz. Supplemental measurements of the activation energy for the different internal friction peaks, dynamic shear modulus, density, and index of refraction were also made. All measurements were confined to silicate glasses containing mixtures of Li-Na, Li-K, Li-Rb, Li-Cs, Na-K, Na-Rb, Na-Cs, and K-Rb. Rötger's interpretation of the internal friction of mixed-alkali silicate glasses is shown to be incorrect. A previously unreported internal friction peak was observed whenever two different alkali oxides were …

The Thermodynamics Of The Zno-Fe₂O₃-Fe₃O₄ System, Robert Lee Benner

Doctoral Dissertations

"The purpose of this investigation was to (1) experimentally locate certain phase boundaries in three isothermal sections of the zinc oxide - ferric oxide - magnetite phase diagram, (2) to experimentally determine some of the thermodynamic properties of the zinc oxide - ferric oxide - magnetite system, (3) to use the thermodynamic properties of the zinc oxide - ferric oxide - magnetite system to evaluate the pseudo-binary system between zinc ferrite and magnetite, (4) to construct a compound stability diagram for the zinc-iron-oxygen-sulfer system"--Introduction, Statement of the Problem, page [1].

The Effect Of Small Alloy Additions On The Quench Induced Texture Of Alpha Uranium, Kenneth Ray Riggs

Masters Theses

"The preferential orientations produced in binary alloys of U-Si and U-Cr on plane sections perpendicular to the direction of heat flow by cooling from beta-phase temperatures were determined. The experimentally determined textures were presented using inverse pole figures. A definite and reproducible relationship was found to exist between the preferred orientation present at any position and the cooling rate which material at the position had experienced. It was found that the concentration of the alloying elements within the ranges studied had little detectable effect upon the observed relationship between the cooling rate and the resulting preferential orientation. It was postulated …

Study Of The Temperature Dependence Of The Haeffner Effect In Mercury, Charles George Arnold

Masters Theses

“In 1953, E. Haeffner (1) reported that after he had passed a direct electric current through a capillary tube filled with mercury, he obtained a separation of the isotopes of mercury. It was found that the heavier isotopes were enriched at the negative terminal and the lighter Isotopes at the positive terminal. This effect has since been referred to as the Haeffner Effect. Since this original experiment, other investigators have observed this effect in many other liquid and some solid metal systems.

The work of J. N. Baysden (2) showed that the separation of the isotopes in mercury could be …

Mechanism Of Siliconizing Of Molybdenum And Tantalum By Vapor Deposition, Gordon Pu Kong Chu

Doctoral Dissertations

"Molybdenum and tantalum were siliconized in an enclosed system by the hydrogen reduction of silicon tetrachloride with induction heating between 900°C and 1450°C.

The siliconizing process was primarily influenced by the gaseous composition, temperature, time, molar flow ratio (SiCl₄/H₂), geometrical shape and ionization charges. The rate of siliconizing, measured as the weight gain by the fused quartz helix balance, generally follows a parabolic law, y = k t^1/2, where y = weight gain, t = time, and k = rate constant. The activation energy is estimated at 21.6 k cal/mole for siliconizing of molybdenum. …

Lattice Parameters, Thermal Expansion Coefficients, Densities, And Imperfections In Silver And In The Alpha-Phase Of The Silver-Indium System, Samir Moustafa Riad

Doctoral Dissertations

“An investigation of structure insensitive properties (lattice parameters, thermal expansion coefficients, densities, and imperfections) of silver and the α-phase of the silver-indium system was suggested by the desirable uses for silver and its indium alloys.

Both silver and indium used were 99.999 per cent pure. The silver-indium alloys were prepared by melting both metals inside evacuated and sealed fused quartz tubes. The solidified alloys were annealed and then examined by X-ray diffraction for homogeneity.

This experimental work is divided into three main parts:-

I. X-ray diffraction investigation to determine the solid solubility limit of the Ag-In α-phase at 25° C, …

The Effect Of Moisture Content On The Action Of Sea Coal In Molding Sands., Robert J. Endres

Masters Theses

"An assumption was made that an increase in moisture content in the sand would result in an increase in the amount of volatile matter retained in a sand, clay, water, and sea coal mixture which had been subjected to the heat of molten iron. Because of a lack of positive evidence to support this assumption, it was concluded that the volatile matter retained within the sample is independent of the moisture content.

It was also shown that the volatile products do not travel back through the sand, away from the mold-metal interface. Rather, the volatiles escape from the sand and …

Sonic Flow Meter., Daniel E. Wilson

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this thesis was to construct a device to measure the velocity of air employing sound waves. The principle of operation of the device is that the time interval required for the sound wave to travel between two points in the duct is a function of the fluid velocity. This time interval was measured both with the air flowing and with the air stationary. An equation was derived such that the mean velocity of the flowing air could be calculated by knowing the two-time intervals.

The mean velocity determined by this device was compared to the mean velocity …

Zirconium Chloride Nuclear Battery, Lonnie J. Shalton

Masters Theses

"An investigation of the neutron absorption characteristics of zirconium chloride was made to verify the reports of Chicago Development Corporation (5810 47th Ave., Riverdale, Md.) that ZrCl Blight be used as a power source for a nuclear battery. The company detected what they believed to be a beta current when the ZrCl was bombarded with neutrons from a slightly enriched uranium source. Investigation using higher powered neutron sources revealed that such a current was highly improbable and the company incorrectly interpeted the phenomena. Reports in the literature also confirmed that an electric current from the ZrCl using a low powered …

Microscopic Observations On Etched Surfaces Of Zinc Single Crystals And On Anodic Disintegration., Yun Wang

Masters Theses

"The technique used to grow single zinc crystals was based on the Bridgman method. Zinc-gold, zinc-aluminum, and zinc-magnesium alloys were prepared and their single crystals were grown. Four crystallographic planes of the single zinc crystals were used for both chemical and anodic etching. The zinc alloys were etched more easily by acids than the purest (99.999%) zinc. The etching patterns changed for the different crystallographic planes of the single zinc crystals.

The appearance of particles during anodic dissolution of the single zinc crystals depended on time, acid concentration and current density. The partial disintegration of single zinc crystals is promoted …

Anodic Dissolution And Disintegration Of Indium, Thallium, And Indium-Cadmium Solid Solutions And Valency Of The Ions Going Into Solution., Richard Lloyd Martin

Masters Theses

"Indium was found to form only In⁺³ ions when dissolving anodically in aqueous acid solutions. Thallium dissolves anodically in acid solutions giving Tl⁺¹ ions only. The reason why Faraday's law is not being formed is that the anode undergoes partial disintegration producing small metallic particles.

Disintegration of these anodes depends on several factors: the nature and concentration of the corrosive medium, the surface condition of the anode, the current density, and the temperature of the corrosive solution. Disintegration may be due to different mechanisms depending on the nature of the electrolyte" -- Abstract, p. ii

The Anodic Dissolution And Disintegration Of Gallium And Aluminum And The Initial Valency Of The Ions Entering Aqueous Solutions., Kenneth Anderson Poush

Masters Theses

Gallium dissolved very slowly in dilute acids like HC1, H₂SO₄and HCIO₄. The rate was substantially accelerated if the metal was connected with a platinum electrode in the same solution. From the volume of the hydrogen developed the trivalency of gallium ions going into solution was calculated. This same ionic charge was obtained from coulometric measurements using gallium-amalgam as the anode. The initial ionic charge of aluminum dissolving from an aluminum amalgam anode was evidenced as being plus three by coulometric measurements.

Gallium and aluminum anodes were found to partially disintegrate while the current flowed. …

Densification Studies Of Three-Component Refractory Grog Systems., Jerome Dale Patterson

Masters Theses

"The bulk density and crushing strength properties of three-component refractory grog systems that were formed by mechanical impact or by mechanical vibration were determined.

Aqueous alkali silicate solutions of various types, concentrations, and amounts were investigated as room temperature binders for these grog systems. Compositions having maximum bulk densities were determined for each of six different three-component refractory grog systems. The densification rate curves for systems formed by mechanical impact were determined"--Abstract, p. ii

Solid Solubility Of Sodium Oxide In Tricalcium Aluminate, Joel A. Conwicke

Masters Theses

"The tie line connecting the compounds 3CaO·Al₂O₃ and Na₂O·8CaO·3Al₂O₃ in the ternary system CaO-Al₂O₃-Na₂O was studied at 1250° Celsius.

It was determined that Na₂O can exist in crystalline solution with 3CaO·Al₂O₃ in percentages of about 2.3% or less without any apparent change in the structure of 3CaO·Al₂O₃. X-ray diffraction peaks in the back-reflection region shifted to lower d-spacing values on increasing Na₂O contents.

At a Na₂O content of about 2.7%, each major x-ray …

Influence Of Quartz Particle Size And Concentration On The Fracture Stresses Of Triaxial Alumina Porcelain., John David Weyand

Masters Theses

"Quartz particles were introduced into a typical triaxial alumina porcelain. Three levels of particle size and three levels of concentration were studied. The strength sample sizes were large. A diametral- compression loading method was used for strength testing. It was found that the porcelain strength decreased with increasing grain size and concentration of quartz particles. A linear relationship existed between log quartz concentration and mean fracture stress"--Abstract, p. ii

A Study Of The Crystallographic Orientation Dependence Of Electrical Resistivity In Zinc, Paul Frederic Becher

Masters Theses

"A potentiometer and galvanometer setup was used to obtain electrical resistivity data for polycrystalline zinc. Cold working textures were investigated by the reflection technique with a quadrant x-ray spectrometer.

Resistivity data were obtained for specimens that were reduced up to forty per cent from the as received condition, and the corresponding textures were studied. The results indicated that the resistivity change in the rolling direction is due to the reorientation of the c-axis in the rolling caused by cold working"--Abstract, page ii.

Investigation Of Inoculant Effect On Cast Iron, Darrell W. Donis

Masters Theses

"An assumption was made that extensive holding time of an inoculated gray iron melt would result in a loss of physical properties of castings poured from this melt. This theory was examined in both a literature search and by testing and conclusions drawn from these findings are presented and discussed. Although there is a great deal of data available which discusses inoculants and their effects, very little mention is made of the effect of holding time in any of this material. The results indicate that holding time is of considerable importance when dealing with inoculated iron, and that calcium silicon …

The Effect Of Cation Size Of Xanthate Collectors In Sulphide Flotation., R. W. Bourne

Masters Theses

"Batch flotation tests on Utah Copper ore were used to show the effect of collector cation size.

The results obtained were:

(1) Recovery of copper in the concentrate decreases with increase in the size of the collector cation.

(2) Increased recovery with ethyl over that for amyl with a given cation.

(3) No beneficial recovery with sulphur enriched xanthates.

Statistical techniques were used to ascertain if significant differences in results were present"--Abstract, p. i

The Imperfect Structure Of Ti-, Zr-, And Hf- Nitrides Containing An Excess Of Nitrogen., Chester A. Faunce

Masters Theses

"Chemical analyses were made on all three nitrides using oxidation, Kjeldahl, dissolution and gas evolution techniques, and the chemical formulae were calculated. They are as follows: Ti_0•931^N, Zr_0•970^N, and Hf_0•792^N.

The lattice constant of all the nitride samples was determined at 25°C. The Ti_0•931^N sample obtained from Union Carbide Company had a lattice parameter of 4.23986± 0.00007A⁰, while the sample from W. Germany, Ti_1.0^N in the as received condition had a lattice parameter of 4.24027 t 0.00003A⁰• A second lattice parameter determination was …

A Study Of Crystallization Of Synthetic Fluor-Glaucophane Compositions, Kartini Tjokroatmodjo

Masters Theses

"The ability to form a stable glass and the crystallization properties of four compositions close to that of glaucophane, Na₂Mg₃Al₂Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂ studied. Three glasses were compared with a fourth glass containing no fluorine. The crystallization products of all four glasses were examined between the temperature range 600 - 1200°C. The crystallization products of the three fluorine containing glasses were similar, consisting of mica below 1000°C and of mica, fluor-glaucophane, enstatite and forsterite above 1000°C. In the fluorine free glass, enstatite was the only crystalline phase present below 1000°C, however, forsterite …

Properties And Perfection Of Zr-H Solid Solutions At Room Temperature., Dirk Heinrich Wiebe

Masters Theses

"The lattice constants of α. - Zr with 122 ppm H are a₂₅ = 3.23622 ± o. 00005 Å and c₂₅ = 5 .1526 ± 0. 0003 Å. The thermal expansion coefficients of α - Zr are found to be α_a =4.6 x 10^-6(⁰C^-1) and α_C =11,0 x 10^-6(⁰C^-1) in the range between 15 and 55°c.

The solid solubility limit in the Zr - H system at room temperature and independent of the H pressure was determined by the parametric x-ray method to be …

The Effects Of Surface Flaw Density And Configuration On Fracture Stresses Of A Triaxial Porcelain., William H. Daniels

Masters Theses

"The fracture behavior of a model brittle solid containing artificial surface flaws was studied. An industrial ceramic porcelain body was employed as the model brittle material. Sample groups of specimens containing 6, 11, 24, 49,. and 90 sharp surface notches uniformly distributed over a four inch length were broken under pure bending. The fracture data we-re compared to those of an identically treated control group containing no artificial flaws.

The mean strengths of the two groups of lowest flaw density were identical, both being significantly less than that for the control group. Further increases in flaw density resulted in increased …