Materials Science and Engineering Commons^™

Investigation Of Temperature, Solution Strength, And Applied Stress Effects On Cation Exchange Processes In Different Geosynthetic Clay Liner Products, Kendra Fuller

Master's Theses

An extensive laboratory test program was conducted to analyze and compare the cation exchange processes in three different varieties of sodium bentonite (Na-B) geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) over increased conditioning durations up to 32 days and investigate the effects of temperature, solution strength, and applied stress. The goal of this test program was to establish whether the variables of temperature, solution strength, and applied stress improved or degraded the engineering properties of GCLs in laboratory testing and municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill applications. The GCLs were conditioned in liquids of increasing ionic strength, using deionized water and 2, 50, and …

Electrified Membrane For Water Treatment And Resource Recovery: Advancing Multiscale Strategies In Gas-Involving Reactions, Jianan Gao

Dissertations

Multifunctional, modular, and scalable water treatment technologies that operate without chemical additives are crucial for addressing global water pollution challenges. While traditional membrane-based separation processes are crucial for ensuring clean water supplies, they primarily focus on pollutant removal rather than on the upcycling of pollutants into valuable resources. Electrified membrane filtration presents a robust alternative, utilizing minimal or no chemical additives and harnessing electrical power to directly reduce contaminants or produce reactive oxidants or reductants on-site.

This dissertation is dedicated to the development of innovative electrochemically reactive membranes designed to address three major challenges: (1) the engineering of electrocatalysts with …

Recent Advances On Ruthenium-Based Electrocatalysts For Lithium-Oxygen Batteries, Yu-Zhe Wang, Zhuo-Liang Jiang, Bo Wen, Yao-Hui Huang, Fu-Jun Li

Journal of Electrochemistry

Rechargeable lithium-oxygen (Li-O₂) batteries have attracted wide attention due to their high energy density. However, the sluggish cathode kinetics results in high overvoltage and poor cycling performance. Ruthenium (Ru)-based electrocatalysts have been demonstrated to be promising cathode catalysts to promote oxygen evolution reaction (OER). It facilitates decomposition of lithium peroxide (Li₂O₂) by adjusting Li₂O₂ morphologies, which is due to the strong interaction between Ru-based catalyst and superoxide anion (O₂^–) intermediate. In this review, the design strategies of Ru-based electrocatalysts are introduced to enhance their OER catalytic kinetics in …

Numerical Analysis Of Explosion Characteristics Of Vent Gas From 18650 Lifepo4 Batteries With Different States Of Charge, Shi-Lin Wang, Xu Gong, Li-Na Liu, Yi-Tong Li, Chen-Yu Zhang, Le-Jun Xu, Xu-Ning Feng, Huai-Bin Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The combustion and explosion characteristics of lithium-ion battery vent gas is a key factor in determining the fire hazard of lithium-ion batteries. Investigating the combustion and explosion hazards of lithium-ion batteries vent gas can provide guidance for rescue and protection in explosion accidents in energy storage stations and new energy vehicles, thereby promoting the application and development of lithium-ion batteries. Based on this understanding and combined with previous research on gas production from lithium-ion batteries, this article conducted a study on the combustion and explosion risks of vent gas from thermal runaway of 18650 LFP batteries with different states of …

2024 "Electrochemical Research Paradigms" Summer School Successfully Held, Editorial Office Of J.Electrochem.

Journal of Electrochemistry

No abstract provided.

Upcoming Meeting-The 1St Young Investigator Symposium On Electrosynthesis, Chinese Chemical Society, Chinese Society Of Electrochemistry (Cse)

Journal of Electrochemistry

No abstract provided.

Rate Law For Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Over Cuo, Bo-Yuan Gao, Wen-Hua Leng

Journal of Electrochemistry

Photocatalytic splitting of water over p-type semiconductors is a promising strategy for production of hydrogen. However, the determination of rate law is rarely reported. To this purpose, copper oxide (CuO) is selected as a model photocathode in this study, and the photogenerated surface charge density, interfacial charge transfer rate constant and their relation to the water reduction rate (in terms of photocurrent) were investigated by a combination of (photo)electrochemical techniques. The results showed that the charge transfer rate constant is exponential-dependent on the surface charge density, and that the photocurrent equals to the product of the charge transfer rate constant …

Winning Results Of The 2Nd Xiamen University Short Video Abstract Contest For Science And Technology Papers, Editorial Office Of J.Electrochem.

Journal of Electrochemistry

No abstract provided.

Winning Works From Journal Of Electrochemistry: The 2Nd Xiamen University Short Video Abstract Contest For Science And Technology Journal Papers, Editorial Office Of J.Electrochem.

Journal of Electrochemistry

No abstract provided.

2024 World Fuel Cell Conference Held In Ningbo, Zhejiang, Editorial Office Of J.Electrochem.

Journal of Electrochemistry

No abstract provided.

63rd Annual Rocky Mountain Conference On Magnetic Resonance

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Final program, abstracts, and information about the 63rd annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance, co-endorsed by the Colorado Section of the American Chemical Society and the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in the Copper Conference Center, Copper Mountain, Colorado, August 4-8, 2024.

Feasibility Study Of Using Energy Extracted From The Process Of Electrochemically Consumed Of Al 2024 For Powering Daily Used Electric Car, Yanuar Mohamad Marda, Rini Riastuti, Muhammad Hamka Ibrahim

Journal of Materials Exploration and Findings

Usage of green energy for transportation has become important due to the contribution of transportation activity to climate change. Electrochemical energy has been used as a source of green energy. The objective of this work is to evaluate sufficiency of energy provided by electrochemically consumed Al 2024 for supplying energy to daily used PHEV electric car. Study of previous articles, observation of typical amount of energy required, electrochemical galvanic cell experiments, and simple calculations have been conducted to determine produced energy feasibility. Electrical energy produced by consuming 340 gr of Al 2024 in galvanic cells has the total lifetime of …

Uncertainty Quantification In Machine Learning Models Via Gaussian Process Regression: A Comparative Study, Ayorinde E. Olatunde, Weiqi Yue, Pawan K. Tripathi, Roger H. French, Anirban Mondal

Faculty Scholarship

As the use of Machine learning models in science and engineering continues to increase, there is an increasing need for quantifying the uncertainties inherent in the predictions of these models. The more complex a model is, the more the uncertainties in its predictions increase. Amongst the plethora of methodologies used in quantifying uncertainties lies Gaussian Process Regression (GPR). GPR surmounts some of the popular shortfalls of other state-of-the-art methodologies. Although GPR has some quick wins in its application for uncertainty quantification, it is plagued with some shortfalls, such as scalability issues when the feature space increases as well as an …

Knowledge Management Of Historical Data: Ontology Development For Chemical Reactions, Quynh D. Tran, Alexander Harding Bradley, Balashanmuga Priyan Rajamohan, Jonathan E. Gordon, Van D. Tran, Kiefer Lin, Erika I. Barcelos, Laura S. Bruckman, Roger H. French

Researchers, Instructors, & Staff Scholarship

Knowledge management of the literature and historical data is critical to accelerated drug and materials discovery. Currently, literature knowledge is scattered in journal articles in various formats: diagrams, texts, plots, etc. Historical data from past experiments are saved in a number of local computers under confusing folder structures with ambiguous file names. To manage and organize historical data and knowledge, our group (SDLE) at CWRU follows FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) principles, which outline the best practices for data stewardship and data provenance, and ontology, a formal representation of terms and concepts and their relationships, as a tool to improve …

A Fair Ontology For Aps Beamline Experiments, Gabriel Ponón, Balashanmuga Priyan Rajamohan, Mohommad Redad Mehdi, Finley Holt, Erika Barcelos, Pawan K. Tripathi, Roger H. French

Student Scholarship

Data produced at the 1-ID beamline APS are often serialized in large, disconnected tables, which can impede the effective reuse and replication of analysis performed for cutting edge research and instrumentation conducted at the facility. This poster describes an alternative approach of utilizing component-based FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable) ontologies as a framework for organizing and connecting experimental variables. Three packages were developed to facilitate the creation and connection of component ontologies into a fully connected FAIR ontology for an experiment. An ontology-based workflow is also discussed for beamline scientists and users to visualize and connect collected values alongside …

Radiation-Tolerant Thin-Film Reference Electrodes And Potentiometric Sensors, Bingyuan Zhao, Alexander Wei

Department of Chemistry Faculty Publications

The integration of electronic sensors into single-use systems for bioprocessing is challenged by their sensitivity to sterilizing γ-irradiation. This challenge also applies to reference electrodes (REs), whose potentials may be destabilized upon ionization and drift over time. Here we evaluate the performance of thin-film Ag/AgCl REs over a two-month window following γ-ray sterilization using a 60Co source. γ-REs display a characteristic voltage decay function ascribed to the dissipation of radiation-induced charge defects, and exhibit long-term potentiometric stability when stored in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) with a 95% confidence interval of 4 mV over 60 days. γ-REs have a mean insensitivity (inertness) …

Surface Patterning On Zirconia Dental Implants Via Laser-Induced Shockwave Imprinting, Inomjon Majidov

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Zirconia is rapidly becoming a preferred alternative to titanium in dental applications, primarily due to its aesthetic resemblance to natural teeth. This material’s tooth-like color avoids the aesthetic issues associated with the grey metal tint of titanium implants. Additionally, zirconia is hypoallergenic, making it an ideal choice for patients with metal sensitivities or allergies. Despite these advantages, zirconia generally exhibits lower biocompatibility and osseointegration compared to titanium implants. This study investigates laser-assisted, controlled imprinting technique on zirconia surfaces to enhance these properties. Our research used zirconia pellets, produced from powdered monoclinic zirconia pressed in a pellet press machine. Two methods …

Performance And Enhanced Efficiency Induced By Cold Plasma On Sapo-34 Membranes For Co2 And Ch4 Mixtures, Fnu Gorky, Vashanti Storr, Grace Jones, Apolo Nambo, Jacek B. Jasinski, Maria L. Carreon

Chemical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this study, we investigate the influence of cold-plasma-induced enhanced performance and efficiency of SAPO-34 membranes in the separation of CO₂ and CH₄ mixtures. Placing the herein presented research in a broader context, we aim to address the question of whether cold plasma can significantly impact the membrane performance. We subjected SAPO-34 membranes to plasma mild disturbances and analyzed their performance in separating CO₂ and CH₄. Our findings reveal a notable enhancement in membrane efficiency and sustained performance when exposed to cold plasma. The pulsed plasma separation displayed improved structural integrity, and the experimental results …

Smart Automatic Modal Hammer Predictor–Corrector Approach For Accurate Excitation Of Dynamical Systems, Mohammad Nasr

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

This research introduces an innovative solution that revolutionizes the study of linear and nonlinear dynamical systems—a smart automatic modal hammer. With its affordability and intelligent capabilities, this automatic modal hammer becomes an invaluable tool for research and industry, enabling repeatable strikes with precise force control. This system's significance becomes particularly evident when studying nonlinear systems, which heavily rely on the excitation level for their dynamics. By offering a cost-effective design this proposed system proves to be robust in accelerating research on nonlinear dynamics, providing researchers with an efficient and accessible means to delve deeper into these complex systems. The proposed …

Studies Of Exotic Electronic, Optical, And Electrochemical Properties In Nanoparticle Assembly And Graphene, Jay Min Lim

Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

It is well known that exotic properties and phenomena emerge as structural dimensions shrink to nanoscales. We self-assembled one-dimensional chains of gold nanoparticles in solution and quantified the growth process by monitoring the redshift of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). Curiously, the redshift stopped while the chains continued to rearrange as manifested by gradual reduction in the LSPR peak. Using electromagnetic simulations, we quantitatively explained the phenomena as a rapid “addition-polymerization” followed by a sharp transition to “condensation-process.” Next, recognizing the significant electric field enhancement in the interparticle gap, a photoluminescent-active Eu³⁺ ion was used to probe Surface-Enhanced Photoluminescence …

Understanding And Tuning Magnetism In Van Der Waals-Type Metal Thiophosphates, Rabindra Basnet, Jin Hu

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Over the past two decades, significant progress in two-dimensional (2D) materials has invigorated research in condensed matter and material physics in low dimensions. While traditionally studied in three-dimensional systems, magnetism has now been extended to the 2D realm. Recent breakthroughs in 2D magnetism have attracted substantial interest from the scientific community, owing to the stable magnetic order achievable in atomically thin layers of the van der Waals (vdW)-type layered magnetic materials. These advances offer an exciting platform for investigating related phenomena in low dimensions and hold promise for spintronic applications. Consequently, vdW magnetic materials with tunable magnetism have attracted significant …

Modeling Study Of Si3N4 Waveguides On A Sapphire Platform For Photonic Integration Applications, Diandian Zhang, Shui-Qing Yu, Gregory J. Salamo, Richard A. Soref, Wei Du

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Sapphire has various applications in photonics due to its broadband transparency, high-contrast index, and chemical and physical stability. Photonics integration on the sapphire platform has been proposed, along with potentially high-performance lasers made of group III–V materials. In parallel with developing active devices for photonics integration applications, in this work, silicon nitride optical waveguides on a sapphire substrate were analyzed using the commercial software Comsol Multiphysics in a spectral window of 800~2400 nm, covering the operating wavelengths of III–V lasers, which could be monolithically or hybridly integrated on the same substrate. A high confinement factor of ~90% near the single-mode …

Settingsorder Article Reprints Open Accessarticle A Model To Account For The Effects Of Load Ratio And Hydrogen Pressure On The Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior Of Pressure Vessel Steels, Ashok Saxena, Kip O. Findley

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

A phenomenological model for estimating the effects of load ratio R and hydrogen pressure P_H2 on the hydrogen-assisted fatigue crack growth rate (HA-FCGR) behavior in the transient and steady-state regimes of pressure vessel steels is described. The "transient regime" is identified with crack growth within a severely embrittled zone of intense plasticity at the crack tip. The "steady-state" behavior is associated with the crack growing into a region of comparatively lower hydrogen concentration located further away from the crack tip. The model treats the effects of R and P_H2 as being functionally separable. In the transient …

Physics-Informed Machine Learning Methods For Inverse Design Of Multi-Phase Materials With Targeted Mechanical Properties, Yunpeng Wu

All Dissertations

Advances in machine learning algorithms and applications have significantly enhanced engineering inverse design capabilities. This work focuses on the machine learning-based inverse design of material microstructures with targeted linear and nonlinear mechanical properties. It involves developing and applying predictive and generative physics-informed neural networks for both 2D and 3D multiphase materials.

The first investigation aims to develop a machine learning method for the inverse design of 2D multiphase materials, particularly porous materials. We first develop machine learning methods to understand the implicit relationship between a material's microstructure and its mechanical behavior. Specifically, we use ResNet-based models to predict the elastic …

Chemical Recycling Of Bio-Based Polyurethane Foams: Evaluating Bio-Based Glycols In Comparison To Petroleum-Based Glycols, Anirudh Thorbole Mr.

Electronic Theses & Dissertations

The paradigm shift towards bio-based polyurethane foams (bio-PUF) has significantly increased post-consumer waste. To address this issue, this research represents a novel approach to enhance sustainable development in the recycling industry by replacing traditional petroleum-based glycols with sustainable bio-based alternatives. This study explores the glycolysis of bio-PUF using bio-based SG-522 glycol and polyethylene glycol (PEG) for comparison. The findings from this research as outlined, reveal no significant differences in depolymerization time between the two glycols, achieving proper depolymerization and high recovery yields of over 95% after solvent purification. Comprehensive FT-IR and NMR analyses confirmed the successful degradation of bio-PUF and …

Experimental Study On Reinforced Geogrid Of Construction And Demolition Wastes Based On Dic Technology, Tan Peng, Li Hai, Li Xiangping, Gu Fan, Zhang Junhui

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to control differential settlement caused by new and old subgrade connections after expressway reconstruction and expansion，this paper proposed a layered treatment structure for the loose steps of the old road with high water content.A layer of construction and demolition waste was laid on the step surface of the old road to wrap the geogrid.The treatment effect was compared with that of sand wrapping and lime mixing，and the digital speckle correlation （DIC） was used to observe the reinforced influence zone，so as to determine the thickness of different layers of the subgrade wrapped by construction and demolition wastes.The particle rotation …

Experimental Study On Effect Of Temperature On Bound Water Adsorption And Deformation Of High Liquid Limit Soil, Zi Yinhui, Shen Xuning, Zhang Hao, Zhang Rui, Li Lu

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to study the effect of temperature change on the bound water content adsorbed by high liquid limit clay and the deformation law of high liquid limit clay embankment，the high liquid limit clay in Hainan Province was selected as the primary research object and compared with the low liquid limit sand in Hunan Province.The effect of temperature on the bound water content adsorbed by high liquid limit clay was explored through a nuclear magnetic resonance test.In addition，the effect of temperature on the deformation of high liquid limit clay embankments was analyzed through the consolidation test with a temperature-controlled consolidometer.The …

Stability Analysis Of High And Steep Bank Slope Of Jinqi Bridge On Wudang‑Changshun Expressway, Wang Hao

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Jinqi Bridge on the Wudang-Changshun Expressway in Guizhou Province crosses the Maotiao River，and the poor geological conditions such as dangerous rock mass and collapse accumulation body on the bank slope of the river are relatively developed，which seriously affects the site selection and safety of the bridge.In order to study the stability of the high and steep bank slope of the bridge，the paper explored the main poor geological conditions in the bridge site through a comprehensive air-ground investigation.By means of numerical analysis，InSAR，and other technologies，the movement range of dangerous rock mass on the bank slope was quantitatively evaluated.The stability and deformation mode …

Shear Creep Characteristics And Slope Deformation Mechanism Of Siliceous Slate, Li Jian, Yan Liangyu, Yu Kaibing, Li Ming, Yan Tingzhou, Zhao Jia

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

To study the time-dependent creep effect of siliceous slate and the deformation and failure evolution law of high slope，in this paper，the shear creep test of indoor rock mass was carried out to plot the shear creep duration curves of siliceous slate under different normal stresses，the shear displacement-time curve，and the creep rate-time curve under different normal loads and shear loads.The average creep rate and shear load variation of siliceous slate were studied，and the long-term shear strength parameters of siliceous slate were determined by the steady-state creep rate method.The results show that in the creep test，the sensitivity of cohesion is significantly greater …

Working Performance Of Rigid Airfield Runway Considering Influence Of Cavity Depth, Dai Xuan, Li Zhao, Cai Jing, Li Yue, Liu Guoguang, Qi Lin

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to analyze the influence of cavity depth on runway safety，a numerical simulation was carried out using the finite difference method.A total of 208 sets of different working conditions were designed by taking into account factors such as different aircraft types，runway dimensions，and cavity depth and area.Based on the runway life model considering the exponential decay of the structural condition，an analytical method was proposed to evaluate the impact of the cavity on the runway life.The results show that the bending and stress of the runway increase gradually with the increase in the cavity depth，but the growth rate is getting slower …