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Materials Chemistry

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Articles 1981 - 2010 of 2099

Full-Text Articles in Materials Science and Engineering

Studies On Electrodeposition Of Rare Earth Metals And Their Alloys In Molten Salts, Qiqin Yang May 1997

Studies On Electrodeposition Of Rare Earth Metals And Their Alloys In Molten Salts, Qiqin Yang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The cyclic voltammetry, convolution voltammetry, potentiostatic electrolysis and open circuit potential time curve after electrolysis, current time curve at potential step, potential time curve at current step, X-ray diffraction, EDAX, electron probe microanalysis were used to investigate the electrode processes of the reduction of rare earth ions on inert electrodes and alloying electrodes in molten chlorides and fluorides. The free energies of formation for the intermetallic compounds, the diffusion coefficients of rare earth ions in the melt, the diffusion coefficients of rare earth atoms in the alloy phases were determined. The alloys of rare earth with iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, …

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Surface Modification Of Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Anode, Baizeng Fang, Xinyu Liu, Xindong Wang, Shuzhen Duan May 1997

Surface Modification Of Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Anode, Baizeng Fang, Xinyu Liu, Xindong Wang, Shuzhen Duan

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this study, the anode material of molten carbonate fuel cell was modified by the deposition of niobium on nickel surface. The results of polarization experiments reveal that the corrosion resistant properties as well as electrocatalytic activity have been improved greatly.

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Study Of Electrodepositing Bright Tin Cobalt Zinc Alloy From Weak Acid Solution, Zhengzhong Zuo, Runxiang Hou, Shaochun Xia May 1997

Study Of Electrodepositing Bright Tin Cobalt Zinc Alloy From Weak Acid Solution, Zhengzhong Zuo, Runxiang Hou, Shaochun Xia

Journal of Electrochemistry

A new process of electrodeposting bright Tin Cobalt Zinc alloy from weak acid solution is proposed in this paper. The solution compositions and operating conditions are Na3C6H5O7·2H2O 100～150, Na2EDTA·2H2O 20～30, SnCl2·2H2O 15～20, CoSO4·72H2O 25～35, ZnCl2 15～20 g·L-1; stabilizer WDZ-160～100, brightener WDZ-215～20 mL·L-1; pH=4～6, DK=0.5～5.0 A·dm-2, T=5～35 ℃. A bright Sn-Co-Zn deposit having Co about 0.5～3.5% and Zn about 1～10% is produced. The effects of bath compositions on Co or …

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Electroluminescence Of Photoelectrochemically Etched N+-Si, Guozheng Li, Chengqian Zhang, Xiumei Yang May 1997

Electroluminescence Of Photoelectrochemically Etched N+-Si, Guozheng Li, Chengqian Zhang, Xiumei Yang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Porous silicon with micrometer size pores, which is made on n+-Si by photoelectrochemically etched, has electroluminescent property. Each monochromic intensity and wavelength range of luminescent spectra depend on polarized potential. The intersity and the stability of cathodic electroluminescence is high than those of anodic one. Voltammetric behavior before quenching indicated that the electrochemical reactions of some surface species are involved in except the reduction of S2O82-, which leads to radiative recombination. The energy band diagram based on n+-Si(Eg=1.1 eV)/PS(Eg=1.8 eV) junction is proposed.

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Effects Of Curvature On The Electrochemical Behaviors Of Tubular Electrode, Yirong Wu, Zhenghao Wang May 1997

Effects Of Curvature On The Electrochemical Behaviors Of Tubular Electrode, Yirong Wu, Zhenghao Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The convective diffusion equation of tubular electrode was solved with the implicit finite difference numerical method. Comparing with the electrochemical behaviors of channel electrode, the behaviors of tubular electrode were analysised. The effects of curvature on the electrochemical behaviors of tubular electrode and the limit of applying Levich approximation to tubular electrode were discussed.

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Mechanism And Texture Of Ni-Mo Alloy Electrodeposition, Ling Huang, Shukai Xu, Jaoning Tang, Fangzu Yang, Shaomin Zhou May 1997

Mechanism And Texture Of Ni-Mo Alloy Electrodeposition, Ling Huang, Shukai Xu, Jaoning Tang, Fangzu Yang, Shaomin Zhou

Journal of Electrochemistry

Ni-Mo alloy deposits with (111) preferred orientation was obtained in a solution of 0.22 mol/L NiSO4·6H2O, 0.06 mol/L Na2MoO4·2H2O and 0.3 mol/L Na3C6H5O7·2H2O in temperature from 25℃ to 50℃, and current densities ranged from 10 mA·cm-2 to 30 mA·cm-2. The electrodeposition of Ni-Mo alloy was studied by cylic voltammetry and potential step experiment. It was shown that Ni-Mo alloy is formed by mechanism involving progressive nucleation followed by three dimensional growth of the metal centres. The complex …

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Study On The Preparation, Properties And Applications Of The Polymer/Graphite Composite Electrode, Guohua Chen, Jinrui Xu May 1997

Study On The Preparation, Properties And Applications Of The Polymer/Graphite Composite Electrode, Guohua Chen, Jinrui Xu

Journal of Electrochemistry

The graphite AS composite electrodes, which show high electric conductivity, high mechanical strength and operationl stability, were prepared by filling and extruding the AS copolymer with graphite powder. It exhibited a substantial hydrogen overvoltage and small residual current in different electrolytes, as compared with glassy carbon electrode. The electrode was applied to the determination of traces of Pb2+ in mineral water, Ag+ in waste water and In3+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+ in zinc ore, and showed high stability, reproducibility and selectivity. Owing to the existence of abundant polar functioal groups on the …

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An Analysis On The Microstructure Of Electrodeposited Zro2-Ni Functionally Graded Materials, Chengjun Quan, Xinghua Xiang, Jingchuan Zhu, Zhongda Yin May 1997

An Analysis On The Microstructure Of Electrodeposited Zro2-Ni Functionally Graded Materials, Chengjun Quan, Xinghua Xiang, Jingchuan Zhu, Zhongda Yin

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrodeposited ZrO2-Ni functionally graded coating was fabricated by controlling the ZrO2 concentration in the bath, and the microstructure was analyzed by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA). The results show that the functionally graded coating has excellent compositional gradient distribution from the substrate to the surface. The content of ZrO2 is up to 14.4 vol% in the surface layer and the coating consists of the t-ZrO2, m-ZrO2 and Ni phases. Owing to the ZrO2 particles pressed by Ni atoms during electrodepositing, t→m transformation has occurred.

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Studies On An Iron Heteropolyacid Redox Flow Battery, Peiju Sun, Wansheng You, Zhorgyin Tan Feb 1997

Studies On An Iron Heteropolyacid Redox Flow Battery, Peiju Sun, Wansheng You, Zhorgyin Tan

Journal of Electrochemistry

This paper reports a new Fe-HP redox flow cell. The positive and negative electrodes active materials are phosphomolybdic acid and acidified ferrous sulphate solutions respectively. Two activated porous carbon felt electrodes where the electrochemical reactions take place, are separated by a selective cation exchange membrane. The both couples have a suitable electrochemical reversibility on carbon and graphite electrodes. The active materials of the cell have very high stability. Moreover the cell has no life cycle limiting.

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Electrochemical Synthesis And Characterization Of Ba-Pb-O And Bi-Pb-O Oxides, Min Xie, Liangzhong Zhao, Cuiying Xu, Jinbiao Zhang Feb 1997

Electrochemical Synthesis And Characterization Of Ba-Pb-O And Bi-Pb-O Oxides, Min Xie, Liangzhong Zhao, Cuiying Xu, Jinbiao Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Pb-based oxides Ba-Pb-O and Bi-Pb-O were synthesized from aqueous solutions by using electrochemical method. The resulting Ba-Pb-O and Bi-Pb-O were characterized using XPS, EDX and XRD. The results show that perovskite BaPb0.9O3 can be electrodeposited on the anode only from strong alkaline solution. In acid aqueous solution, conducting BiPb2Oz oxide is fromed on the anode. In these oxides the nominal valence of lead is +4.

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Electrochemical Studies Of Spinel Limn2O4 Rechargeable Lithium Battery, Li Feng, Yuqin Chang, Lie Wu, Hong Li, Yibin San, Tianhong Lu Feb 1997

Electrochemical Studies Of Spinel Limn2O4 Rechargeable Lithium Battery, Li Feng, Yuqin Chang, Lie Wu, Hong Li, Yibin San, Tianhong Lu

Journal of Electrochemistry

The spinel Li intercalation compound LiMn2O4 was prepared and studied using ac impedance and cyclic voltammogram techniques. It was first discussed that the impedance behaviors of LiMn2O4 electrode varied as lithium ion was intercalated in or out the electrode with the help of fractal theory. The Li reversible behaviors in LiMn2O4 electrode were shown by the cyclic voltammogram results.

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Problems Of The Study Of Anodic Films On Pb In Sulfuric Acid Solution (Ⅲ), Houtian Liu, Qunzhou Wang, Weifang Zhou, Wenbin Cai Feb 1997

Problems Of The Study Of Anodic Films On Pb In Sulfuric Acid Solution (Ⅲ), Houtian Liu, Qunzhou Wang, Weifang Zhou, Wenbin Cai

Journal of Electrochemistry

The interstitial liquid among the particles in anodic Pb(Ⅱ) films could be the major passage for ion transportation. This is discussed with the mechanism of the cathodic reduction of anodic PbSO4 film and the effect of Sb on the growth of anodic Pb(Ⅱ) oxides film.

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Electrochemical Behaviors Of Isoalloxazine Confined In Montomorillonite Olay Modified Electrode, Zhibin Wu, Yuan Lin, Daodao Zhang, Haoqin Wu Feb 1997

Electrochemical Behaviors Of Isoalloxazine Confined In Montomorillonite Olay Modified Electrode, Zhibin Wu, Yuan Lin, Daodao Zhang, Haoqin Wu

Journal of Electrochemistry

A cyclic voltametric investigation of stability and redox properties of isoalloxazne on cetytrimethyammonium bromide (CTAB) modified montomorillonite clay platinium electrode in aqueous solution has been performed. pH dependent film concentrations and apparent diffusion coefficents were measured. The mechanism of the charge transport process with in the clay film were discussed.

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Studies On The Cathodic Current Efficiency In The Electrodeposition Ni-Psz Gradient Coating, Jun Li, Dianlong Wang, Li Chen, Xinguo Hu Feb 1997

Studies On The Cathodic Current Efficiency In The Electrodeposition Ni-Psz Gradient Coating, Jun Li, Dianlong Wang, Li Chen, Xinguo Hu

Journal of Electrochemistry

The cathodic current efficiency and the electrochemical behavior in electrodeposition Ni-PSZ gradient coating were investigated by various electrochemical techniques and scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the Ni-PSZ composite coatings can accelerate evolution of hydrogen with the increase of PSZ content. The overpotential of nickel reduction will be increased and that of hydrogen reaction will be reduced in the presence of PSZ particles in electrolyte. The effect of PSZ particles on nickel electrodeposition was preferentially to catalyze the formation of H ads . These all contributed to the lower current efficiency.

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Study On Properties Of Magnesium Alloy Electrode With Anodized Film, Yi Chi, Ping Yang, Xiufeng Lin Feb 1997

Study On Properties Of Magnesium Alloy Electrode With Anodized Film, Yi Chi, Ping Yang, Xiufeng Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

The corrosion resistance of Mg alloy electrode with anodized film in atmosphere is bigger than that of the Mg alloy electrode with chromate film. The corrosion resisance and voltage delay of such electrode with anodized film in NaCl solution changed with anodizing comdition. The effects of composition, morphology and thickness of the anodized film on the peoperty of Mg alloy electrode are discussed.

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Surface Modifications Of Carbon Materials Used As Anode Of Lithium Ion Battery Ⅱ. The Carbon Material With Core Shell Structure And Its Positive Effect On Cell Performance Of Graphite Anode, Shuhua Ma, Hanju Guo, Ji Li, Hongze Liang, Xiabin Jing, Fosong Wang Feb 1997

Surface Modifications Of Carbon Materials Used As Anode Of Lithium Ion Battery Ⅱ. The Carbon Material With Core Shell Structure And Its Positive Effect On Cell Performance Of Graphite Anode, Shuhua Ma, Hanju Guo, Ji Li, Hongze Liang, Xiabin Jing, Fosong Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The carbon powders and film electrode with core shell structure were prepared by carbonization in gas state with using refined coal as shell material and Artificial Graphite and Mesocarbon Microbeads (2 800 ℃) graphite as core material. Galvanostatic charge/discharge measurement showed that both steady charge/discharge capacity and first charge/discharge efficiency were improved. Cyclic voltammetry indicated that the peak at about 0.7 V vs. Li+/Li characteristic of decomposition of electrolyte got weakened, and a more compact film was formed. X-ray diffraction measurement suggested the existence of amorphous carbon shell on the carbon powders and carbon film.

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A Study On The Electrodeposition Of Palladium And It's Nucleation, Fangzu Yang, Shukai Xu, Shibing Yao, Bingyi Chen, Xueqing Zheng, Xiaohui Zhong, Shaomin Zhou Feb 1997

A Study On The Electrodeposition Of Palladium And It's Nucleation, Fangzu Yang, Shukai Xu, Shibing Yao, Bingyi Chen, Xueqing Zheng, Xiaohui Zhong, Shaomin Zhou

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrodeposition and nucleation of palladium are studied in the system of potassium citrate and ammonium oxalate. The results show that, with the additives of XP-4 and XP-7 prepared in our laboratory, a full bright palladium electrodeposits will be obtained in the wide ranges of the cathode current densities 0.5～3.5 A/dm2 and temperature 40～60 ℃; the qualities of the thick deposits will be effectively improved by means of pulse current plating. Cyclic voltammograms results show that the division of peaks between anodic and cathodic on the electrode process of palladium will be up to 1.05 V, which shows the …

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Progresses In The Studies On Electrochemical And Surface Properties Of Hydrogen Storage Alloy Materials, Yong Yang, Jum Li, Zugeng Lin Nov 1996

Progresses In The Studies On Electrochemical And Surface Properties Of Hydrogen Storage Alloy Materials, Yong Yang, Jum Li, Zugeng Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

Recent progresses in the studies on electrochemical and surface properties of hydrogen storage alloy materials are reviewed. This paper includes three sections: 1) Thermodynamic and kinetic studies of metal hydride electrodes, 2) Effects of micro structure and alloy elements of the materials on the electrochemical properties of the electrodes and 3) Correlation between surface properties of the alloy materials and performance of the negative electrode in the nickel metal hydride batteries.

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Quantitative Evaluation Of Electrochemical Properties Of Mh Alloy By Powder Microelectrode, Ronghui Hu, Hanxi Yang, Jingcheng Liu, Shengxian Li, Chuanxin Cha Nov 1996

Quantitative Evaluation Of Electrochemical Properties Of Mh Alloy By Powder Microelectrode, Ronghui Hu, Hanxi Yang, Jingcheng Liu, Shengxian Li, Chuanxin Cha

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this paper, a quantitative method by use of powder microelectrode combined with cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic step is described for studying the electrochemical performance characteristic of hydrogen storage alloy(MH). Since the powder microelectrode uses only MH powder and has its depth and diameter of several tens of micrometer, the ohmic and concentration ploarization are greatly reduced and the influences of the technical factors in electrode preparation on the material performance are simply eliminated. Thus, with accurate determination of the load quantity of MH alloy in power microelectrode by absorption spectrometric technique, it is feasible to evaluate quickly and quantitatively …

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Comparison Of The Charge/Discharge Charasteristics Between Ni-Cd And Ni-Mh Battery And Its Improvement Of Manufacture Technique, Yumimg Wang, Jinsheng Chen Nov 1996

Comparison Of The Charge/Discharge Charasteristics Between Ni-Cd And Ni-Mh Battery And Its Improvement Of Manufacture Technique, Yumimg Wang, Jinsheng Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Based on the difference of charge discharge charasteristies between Ni-Cd and Ni-MH battery, some appropriate manufacture technoque to improve the battery performances or to extend its service life are adopted.

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Studies Of Electrochemical Behaviors Of Cytochrome C On Pretreated Gold Electrode, Jin Luo, Lingling Wu, Shaohua Huang, Zhonghua Lin Nov 1996

Studies Of Electrochemical Behaviors Of Cytochrome C On Pretreated Gold Electrode, Jin Luo, Lingling Wu, Shaohua Huang, Zhonghua Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

The quasi reversible responses of both adsorbed and bulk cytochrome c at the pretreated gold electrode are observed. The adsorption behaviors and reaction kinetics have been studied using in situ FTIR spectroscopy, UV/Vis reflection spectroscopy, voltammetry, AC impedance and potential step methods. The results show that the cytochrome c can irreversibly adsorb on the gold surface in a complete monolayer and the adsorbed layer can mediate the redox reaction of the cytochrome c in the solution in the absence of promoter.

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Electrochemical Studies Of Cyanocobalamin On Silver Electrode, Zhai Jin, Yang Pin, Donghong Zheng, Junwei Zheng, Tianhong Lu Nov 1996

Electrochemical Studies Of Cyanocobalamin On Silver Electrode, Zhai Jin, Yang Pin, Donghong Zheng, Junwei Zheng, Tianhong Lu

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrochemical characteristics of cyanocobalamin were separately studied on smooth and roughed silver electrode. It was found that the reduction of cyanocobalamin is two one electron steps on roughed silver but one two electron step on smooth electrode. The reason is due to the ability of absorption of the surface of electrode.

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The Preparation Of Heteropoly Compound Polypyrrole Film Modified Electrode And Its Electrochemical Properties, Weiqing Wang, Xiumei Zhang, Long Cheng, Baifeng Liu, Shaojun Dong Nov 1996

The Preparation Of Heteropoly Compound Polypyrrole Film Modified Electrode And Its Electrochemical Properties, Weiqing Wang, Xiumei Zhang, Long Cheng, Baifeng Liu, Shaojun Dong

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electronically conducting polypyrrole doped with heteropolyanions K10H3[Nd(SiMo7W4)2]·xH2O(denoted as [Nd(SiMo7W4)2]13-) was synthesized by electrochemical polymerization. This modified electrode maintains the electrochemical and electrocatalytic properties of heteropolyanion, with having good stability and electrocatalytic activity on the reduction of nitric oxide in acidic aqueous solution.

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Surface Modifications Of Carbon Materials Used As Anode Of Lithium Ion Battery Ⅰ. Influences Of Oxidation And Reduction Pretreatment On Anode Performance, Shuhua Ma, Hanju Guo, Ji Li, Hongze Liang, Xiabin Jing, Fosong Wang Nov 1996

Surface Modifications Of Carbon Materials Used As Anode Of Lithium Ion Battery Ⅰ. Influences Of Oxidation And Reduction Pretreatment On Anode Performance, Shuhua Ma, Hanju Guo, Ji Li, Hongze Liang, Xiabin Jing, Fosong Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The influences of the trace oxygen containing functional groups on surface of carbon material on cell performance of carbon anode for lithium ion batteries were studied by means of the pretreament in various oxidant/reductant systems. The results showed that the rich oxygen containing functional groups impaired the cell performance of carbon material anode, and the reduction of these groups in quantity and oxidation degree can increase charge/discharge capacity and improve first charge/discharge efficiency. The reason was also discussed in the light of effects of surface organic groups on decomposition reactivity of electrolyte and formation process of surface passivating film.

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The Current Distribution On The Anode Surface Of The Seale Oval Tubular Lead Acid Battery, Renao Gu, Jianlin Yao, Zhengfa Deng, Ru Sun, Liren Wu, Zhongsi Jiang, Wangen Miao Nov 1996

The Current Distribution On The Anode Surface Of The Seale Oval Tubular Lead Acid Battery, Renao Gu, Jianlin Yao, Zhengfa Deng, Ru Sun, Liren Wu, Zhongsi Jiang, Wangen Miao

Journal of Electrochemistry

The current distribution on anode surface of sealed lead acid batter under different discharge current and degree was studied by chemical analytical method for the first time. We can conclude that the current distribution is not even. The current density on the edge of the electrode surface and the electrode terminal are bigger than other areas, that is, there are edge effect and terminal effect, and these effect are more obvious when the discharge current is 100 A and degree is 100%.

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High Active Platinum Plated Titanium Electrode, Xiufeng Xiao, Zeshan Zhu, Yanzhen Chen, Wenyun Hu Nov 1996

High Active Platinum Plated Titanium Electrode, Xiufeng Xiao, Zeshan Zhu, Yanzhen Chen, Wenyun Hu

Journal of Electrochemistry

To prepare the adherent and high active platinum plated titanium electrode, ultrasonic agitation technology and the best conditions of electrodeposition were adopted. Ultrasonic agitation technology can be improved the cohesion between coatings and substrate. The activity of electrode has related to the double layer capacity of electrode, which was due to the electrode rugosity.

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Electrochemical Studies On Chemical Polishing Of Copper, Keping Han, Jingli Fang Aug 1996

Electrochemical Studies On Chemical Polishing Of Copper, Keping Han, Jingli Fang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Changes in specular reflectivity,weight loss,surface topograph and potential with time and current-potential curves during chemical polishing were determined. The results showed that chemical polishing was composed of the etching, polishing and pitting stage. The passivating film theory also applied to the chemical polishing.

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An Esr Study Of Free Radicals In Electroreduction Process Of Allyl Alcohol, Jindong Zhang, Yafei Kuang, Shukun Huang, Naixian Xie, Fengzhen Wang, Dewen Chen Aug 1996

An Esr Study Of Free Radicals In Electroreduction Process Of Allyl Alcohol, Jindong Zhang, Yafei Kuang, Shukun Huang, Naixian Xie, Fengzhen Wang, Dewen Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electrochemical-ESR technique with spin trap phenyl-t-butyl nitrone(PBN)was used to study the intermediates of electroreduction of allyl alcohol at platinized platinum electrode in acidic alcohol-aqua solution. Hydrogen and allyl group and(or)propyl group radicals were identified by a hyperfine spectrum of the radical adducts, and that provided a direct evidence for the presence of these radicals in the electroreduction of allyl alcohol.

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A Study On Solid Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell, Hongfeng Xu, Ming Han, Baolian Yi, Xinge Zhang, Shanhai Ge Aug 1996

A Study On Solid Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell, Hongfeng Xu, Ming Han, Baolian Yi, Xinge Zhang, Shanhai Ge

Journal of Electrochemistry

Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell (SPEFC) show promise of a high level of performance in the present fuel cell. In this paper, we report the method of SPEFC electrode preparation,and the effects of temperature, pressure and gas flow rate on the performance.

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The Relationship Between Ionic Conductivity And The Structure Of The New Polymer Electrolytes, Hongze Liang, Yongxiang Song, Liming Ding, Yuchen Qi, Lixia Li, Xiabin Jing, Fusong Wang Aug 1996

The Relationship Between Ionic Conductivity And The Structure Of The New Polymer Electrolytes, Hongze Liang, Yongxiang Song, Liming Ding, Yuchen Qi, Lixia Li, Xiabin Jing, Fusong Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Ionic conductivity of polymer-eutectic composed of lithium perchlorate and lithium nitrate has been studied. The effects of eutectic and polymers upon the conductivities have been discussed.The lonic conductivity depends on the eutectic properties as well as the treatment method of samples.

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