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Articles 61 - 90 of 115
Full-Text Articles in Engineering Science and Materials
Evaluation Of The Thermal Performance And Cost Effectiveness Of Radiant Barrier Thermal Insulation Materials In Residential Construction, Somayeh Asadi
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Reducing heating and cooling systems loads in buildings is a cost effective way to decrease energy consumption in residential houses. This reduction can be achieved in many ways including proper insulation of the building envelope. In recent years, considerable attention was given to the use of radiant reflective insulating barriers. Over the past years, reflective barrier insulation companies nationwide have experienced significant growth resulting in an industry average growth rate of 26.8%. This significant growth is expected to continue as a result of increased cooling demands and pressure from the energy sector and the economy. Growth is also predicted to …
A Safety Elements Model For The Building Construction Industry, Cliff Dunlap Dunlap
A Safety Elements Model For The Building Construction Industry, Cliff Dunlap Dunlap
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The Abstract was sent to Ms. McKenzie as an attachment to an e-mail
Automated Semantic Understanding Of Human Emotions In Writing And Speech, Ricardo A. Calix
Automated Semantic Understanding Of Human Emotions In Writing And Speech, Ricardo A. Calix
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Affective Human Computer Interaction (A-HCI) will be critical for the success of new technologies that will prevalent in the 21st century. If cell phones and the internet are any indication, there will be continued rapid development of automated assistive systems that help humans to live better, more productive lives. These will not be just passive systems such as cell phones, but active assistive systems like robot aides in use in hospitals, homes, entertainment room, office, and other work environments. Such systems will need to be able to properly deduce human emotional state before they determine how to best interact with …
Characterization Of Novel Akermanite:Poly-E-Caprolactone Scaffolds For Bone Tissue Engineering Aapplications Combined With Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells, Andre S. Zanetti
Characterization Of Novel Akermanite:Poly-E-Caprolactone Scaffolds For Bone Tissue Engineering Aapplications Combined With Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells, Andre S. Zanetti
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The development of porous materials useful as scaffolds for the sustained three-dimensional (3D) growth of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASC) is of particular interest to facilitate healing after musculoskeletal injuries. In this study, a composite porous material obtained by blending akermanite with poly-e-caprolactone (PCL) is proposed as novel alternative to bone tissue regeneration. The objectives of this study are (1) to characterize the akermanite:PCL scaffold properties; (2) to investigate the in vitro osteogenic potential of hASC loaded to optimal akermanite:PCL scaffolds; (3) to assess the metabolic activity and osteogenesis of hASC loaded to optimal akermanite:PCL scaffolds post-thawing using optimal cryopreservation …
Droplet Motion On Miniaturized Ratchets, Jeong Tae Ok
Droplet Motion On Miniaturized Ratchets, Jeong Tae Ok
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The main objective of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of using miniaturized asymmetric structures to move liquid droplets and understand the driving mechanism. We developed the fabrication process for large area topological ratchets with the period ranging from millimeter down to sub-micrometer using micromachining techniques. Non-wetting superhydrophobic surfaces were successfully fabricated using soft UV or thermal nanoimprint lithography, reactive ion etching by oxygen plasma, and chemical surface modification by fluorinated silane vapor deposition. An accurate and reproducible experimental setup equipped with high speed camera and automatic injection system was established. Image processing tools allowed us to obtain various …
Polymer Based Microfabrication And Its Applications In Optical Mems And Biomems, Guocheng Shao
Polymer Based Microfabrication And Its Applications In Optical Mems And Biomems, Guocheng Shao
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Due to its ease of fabrication, low cost and great variety of functionalities, polymer has become an important material in microfabrication. MEMS devices with polymer as the structure material have found applications in various fields, especially in BioMEMS and optical MEMS. In this dissertation, three polymer based microfabricated devices/components have been developed and tested. Various polymer based fabrication techniques, such as high aspect ratio SU-8 photolithography, three dimensional polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) soft lithography, multi-layer soft lithography and PDMS double casting technique have been developed/studied and employed in the device fabrication process. The main contribution of this dissertation includes: (1) Developed two …
Effects Of Bondline Thickness On Nonlinear Interfacial Fracture Of Bonded Adhesive Joint, Gefu Ji
Effects Of Bondline Thickness On Nonlinear Interfacial Fracture Of Bonded Adhesive Joint, Gefu Ji
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
A number of existing and emerging industrial applications are dependent on layered substrates through adhesive bonding. The interfacial fracture of adhesively bonded structures is a critical issue for its extensive applications to a variety of modern industries. In the recent two decades, cohesive zone models (CZMs) have been receiving intensive attentions for fracture problems of adhesively bonded joints due to its fairly simple and accurate predictive ability. In CZMs the nonlinear interfacial fracture behaviors are described by the traction-separation laws (also referred to as cohesive laws). The cohesive laws represent the local constitutive behavior, instead of the global parameter, such …
Dynamic Model Of Ecological Factors Impacting The Gulf Of Mexico Dead Zone, Jimmie Arnold Brumfield Ii
Dynamic Model Of Ecological Factors Impacting The Gulf Of Mexico Dead Zone, Jimmie Arnold Brumfield Ii
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The industrial agriculture complex of the Mississippi River Drainage Basin has the positive effect of feeding more individuals with less land via the use of chemical nutrients, pesticides and drainage. The negative effects of the agricultural nutrient load are carried by the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico. After the flood of 1927 the Flood Control Act of 1928 began changing the Mississippi River into a navigation and flood control project. While successful, the river was turned into a channel where nutrient input was discharged into the Gulf of Mexico. Nitrogen compounds discharged from the Mississippi are claimed to …
Value-Added Processing Of Rice And Rice By-Products, Rebecca C. Schramm
Value-Added Processing Of Rice And Rice By-Products, Rebecca C. Schramm
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
World competition has encouraged United States rice farmers and rice mills to be efficient in farming and production practices. Efforts to augment economic competitiveness include development of new varieties, improvements in milling practices, and identification of uses for rice products and by-products. The research detailed in this dissertation adds to the body of knowledge in milling practices and identification of uses for rice bran. To improve the prediction of milled rice quality at industrial scale, correlations for milling quality among laboratory, pilot, and industrial scale mills were identified for Clearfield 161. Final industrial product whiteness was ten points higher than …
Antioxidant Nanoparticles As Delivery Systems, Carlos Ernesto Astete R.
Antioxidant Nanoparticles As Delivery Systems, Carlos Ernesto Astete R.
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The goal of the study was to develop antioxidant polymeric nanoparticles as a new delivery system for food and pharmaceutical applications. Natural antioxidants like alpha-tocopherol, vitamin C, and carnosine, are responsible to protect biological systems against free radicals attack. The conjugation of vitamin C-vitamin E (EC) and alpha-tocopherol-carnosine (VECAR) were performed to obtain antioxidant surfactants which were used for polymeric nanoparticle synthesis. The surfactant made of á-tocopherol (vitamin E) and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) of antioxidant properties dubbed as EC was used to make poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) nanoparticles. Self-assembled EC nanostructures and PLGA-EC nanoparticles were made by nanoprecipitation, and the …
Lattice Boltzmann Modeling For Shallow Water Equations Using High Performance Computing, Kevin Tubbs
Lattice Boltzmann Modeling For Shallow Water Equations Using High Performance Computing, Kevin Tubbs
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The aim of this dissertation project is to extend the standard Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for shallow water flows in order to deal with three dimensional flow fields. The shallow water and mass transport equations have wide applications in ocean, coastal, and hydraulic engineering, which can benefit from the advantages of the LBM. The LBM has recently become an attractive numerical method to solve various fluid dynamics phenomena; however, it has not been extensively applied to modeling shallow water flow and mass transport. Only a few works can be found on improving the LBM for mass transport in shallow water …
Experimental And Numerical Analysis Of Fuel Cells, Abul Bashar Mahmud Hasan
Experimental And Numerical Analysis Of Fuel Cells, Abul Bashar Mahmud Hasan
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Fuel Cells are attractive power source for use in electronic applications. Physical phenomena (water generation, saturation effect in fuel cell, poisoning, and thermal stress) are studied that governs the operation of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) and Solid Oxide Fuel cell (SOFC). Additionally, experimental studies and numerical simulations on PEMFC gas flow channel, the determination of the impact of the single channel fuel cell are presented. Furthermore, preliminary study is done for the application of APS (Air Plasma Spray) to SOFC and adhesion of anode and cathode with electrolytes for the determination of parameters involved in manufacturing the …
Investigation Into The Hydrothermal Treatment Of Sugarcane Bagasse Under Near- And Supercritical Conditions, John E. White
Investigation Into The Hydrothermal Treatment Of Sugarcane Bagasse Under Near- And Supercritical Conditions, John E. White
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Processing biomass in near- and supercritical water has garnered increasing attention because of its ability to accept a variety of wet feedstocks, energy efficiency, and ability to regulate the solubility and separation of components. Very few studies of biomass hydrothermal conversion provide a comprehensive evaluation of multiple process parameters and various additives and their effects on a single product phase. This research examined the influence of temperature, residence time, biomass concentration, and particle size on volatiles production from the hydrothermal conversion of sugarcane bagasse. Temperature had the greatest impact on volatile yields with the largest increase (23 wt %) occurring …
Modeling The Risk Factors Associated With The Neck Disorders During Manual Material Handling Tasks, Ashish D. Nimbarte
Modeling The Risk Factors Associated With The Neck Disorders During Manual Material Handling Tasks, Ashish D. Nimbarte
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) of the neck or cervical spine result in longer sick leaves, substantial levels of human suffering, and high costs for society. Epidemiological studies clearly indicate strong associations between MSD of the neck and the work activities requiring forceful arm exertions and heavy lifting. However, studies evaluating the loading of the cervical spine during forceful arm exertions and heavy lifting tasks are limited. Major neck muscles, the sternocleidomastoid and the upper trapezius, run parallel to the cervical spine and couple the shoulder to the skull. It was hypothesized that such anatomical orientation may require these muscles to …
Temperature Impact On Nitrification And Bacterial Growth Kinetics In Acclimating Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Biofilters, Milton Maada-Gomoh Saidu
Temperature Impact On Nitrification And Bacterial Growth Kinetics In Acclimating Recirculating Aquaculture Systems Biofilters, Milton Maada-Gomoh Saidu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This project assessed short-term temperature effects on total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) utilization rates in a batch laboratory-scale recirculating system. The tank system was designed for experiments on short term steady state and diurnal temperatures. A set of numerical models was developed to simulate observed results. The performance of the biofilters was determined with three tank replicates at fixed temperatures of 13, 20 and 300C; and at diurnal transient (sinusoidal) temperature regimes of (20 ± 30C; 30 ± 30C). Ammonia utilization rates and biofilter performance for beads acclimated at different temperatures regimes separated and mixed were also determined. Total ammonia utilization …
Quantitative Macro- And Microscale Methods For Characterizing Cell Viability, Julianne Forman Audiffred
Quantitative Macro- And Microscale Methods For Characterizing Cell Viability, Julianne Forman Audiffred
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The goal of this study is to combine molecular and microdevice methods to characterize and quantify viability of single mammalian cells. Fluorescent-based assays were optimized for adherent HeLa and suspension Jurkat cells and were used as a tool for validation of a microfabricated diagnostic device. Cell and substrate/surface interactions were considered for designing a microfluidic device that can be used to characterize cell viability for quantitative biomedical and cell biology applications, which require label-free, real-time monitoring of cells. Several interdisciplinary methods are employed to evaluate electrical impedance differences between live and dead Jurkat cells in a microfluidic device. Biological Micro-Electro-Mechanical …
Electrochemical Fabrication Of Auco Nanostructures, Maoshi Guan
Electrochemical Fabrication Of Auco Nanostructures, Maoshi Guan
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Electrodeposited Au/CoAu multilayered nanowires are materials with alternating layers of Au and CoAu in a wire where the layer thickness and wire diameter are nanometer size. They can be used for different applications. For example, the wires may exhibit giant magnetoresistance (GMR), a change in the materials resistance with a magnetic field, having applications as a sensor material for microdevices. If Co is etched from CoAu nanowires, rough, porous gold nanostructures will be left behind, which could be used as novel catalysts. In this study, the electrodeposition of Au/CoAu multilayered nanowires and nanotubes in nanoporous templates was explored from a …
Degradation And Water Quality Dynamics Of Sugarcane Residue In South Louisiana, Jose Roberto Deras
Degradation And Water Quality Dynamics Of Sugarcane Residue In South Louisiana, Jose Roberto Deras
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
PURPOSE: This research was conducted to assess methods to manage the residue blanket to avoid open field burning in sugarcane. Experiments were conducted in the state of Louisiana to evaluate methods to asses and potentially reduce water quality issues. METHODS: Concentrations and frequencies of biological compost tea were sprayed on sugarcane combine-harvester residue blanket to increase degradation rate and reduce potential for runoff water to transport nutrients and sediments that may impair water bodies, while sustaining suitable sugarcane yield. Carbon dioxide evolution rate (mg CO2-C) and CO2 fluxes were measured in laboratory and in open field conditions; as an index …
A Study Of Regret And Rejoicing And A New Mcdm Method Based On Them, Xiaoting Wang
A Study Of Regret And Rejoicing And A New Mcdm Method Based On Them, Xiaoting Wang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) is one of the most widely used decision methodologies in the sciences, business, and engineering worlds. MCDM methods aim at improving the quality of decisions by making the process more explicit, rational, and efficient. One controversial problem is that some well-known MCDM methods, like the additive AHP methods and the ELECTRE II and III methods, may cause some types of rank reversal problems. Rank reversal means that the ranking between two alternatives might be reversed after some variation occurs to the decision problem, like adding a new alternative, dropping an old alternative or replacing a non-optimal alternative …
Moderately-Rapid Assessment Of Alkaline Desiccation Environmental Systems, David Alan Bates
Moderately-Rapid Assessment Of Alkaline Desiccation Environmental Systems, David Alan Bates
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
A moderately-rapid assessment tool was developed to analyze the waterless desiccation compost toilet investigated in a rural Mexican setting. Over 100 social factors were identified along with the applicable technical factors that influenced the low acceptability of the toilets. A 4-point rating scale was developed to increase the ability and speed of analyzing both the social and technical data. The treatment process was an alkaline-desiccation process with mean pH values of 8.2 ± sd 1.1 and water content of 18.3% ± sd 9.9, which resulted in mean fecal coliform values of 15.0 MPN/g ± sd 31.8, drastically lower than the …
Stochastic Demand Forecast And Inventory Management Of A Seasonal Product A Supply Chain System, Mohammad Anwar Ashek Rahman
Stochastic Demand Forecast And Inventory Management Of A Seasonal Product A Supply Chain System, Mohammad Anwar Ashek Rahman
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Estimation of seasonal demand prior to an active demand season is essential in supply chain management. The business cycle of the seasonal demand is divided into two stages: stage-1, the slow-demand period, and stage-2, the peak-demand period. The focus here is to determine an appropriate demand forecast for the peak-demand period. In the first set of forecasting model, a standard gamma and an inverse gamma prior distribution are used to forecast demand. The parameters of the prior model are estimated and updated based on current observation using Bayesian technique. The forecasts are derived for both complete and incomplete datasets. The …
Internal Cooling In Ribbed Rectangular (Ar=4:1) Passages At High Rotation Numbers And Improvement In Finning Strategies, Fuguo Zhou
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Experimental studies have been performed on two-pass rectangular internal coolant channels with aspect ratio AR 4:1 with high rotation numbers. Three passages are investigated: smooth, 90 deg ribbed and 45 deg ribbed. A maximum Reynolds number of 150,000 and a maximum rotation number of 0.6 are achieved in the study. These maximum parameter values are considerably higher than those previously reported for the 4:1 AR geometry, and provide data for parameter ranges that may be representative of certain modern turbine blades. Heat transfer behaviors with rotation in the three passages are presented. Rotation effects, density effects and buoyancy effects are …
Numerical Modeling Of Continuous Flow Microwave Heating - Coupling Of High Frequency Electromagnetism With Fluid Flow And Heat Transfer, Deepti Salvi
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This study focused on numerical and experimental investigation of continuous flow microwave heating. A numerical model was developed to predict the temperature of a liquid product heated in a continuous-flow focused microwave system by coupling electromagnetism, fluid flow, and heat transfer in two different software packages (ANSYS Multiphysics 9.0 and COMSOL Multiphysics 3.4). The temperature and energy distributions simulated in ANSYS were verified against other numerical studies published in the literature. Comparison of the simulated temperature in ANSYS with experimental data for salt water of two different salinities showed good agreement. To simulate the experimental conditions more accurately, a comprehensive …
A Unified Methodology Of Maintenance Management For Repairable Systems Based On Optimal Stopping Theory, Hongye Wang
A Unified Methodology Of Maintenance Management For Repairable Systems Based On Optimal Stopping Theory, Hongye Wang
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This dissertation focuses on the study of maintenance management for repairable systems based on optimal stopping theory. From reliability engineering’s point of view, all systems are subject to deterioration with age and usage. System deterioration can take various forms, including wear, fatigue, fracture, cracking, breaking, corrosion, erosion and instability, any of which may ultimately cause the system to fail to perform its required function. Consequently, controlling system deterioration through maintenance and thus controlling the risk of system failure becomes beneficial or even necessary. Decision makers constantly face two fundamental problems with respect to system maintenance. One is whether or when …
Effect Of Hole Configurations On Film Cooling From Cylindrical Inclined Holes For The Application To Gas Turbine Blades, Yiping Lu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Film cooling is one of the cooling systems investigated for the application to gas turbine blades. Gas turbines use film cooling in addition to turbulated internal cooling to protect the blades outer surface from hot gases. The present study concentrates on the experimental and numerical investigation of film cooling performance for a row of cylindrical holes in a modern turbine blade. The adiabatic film effectiveness and the heat transfer coefficient are determined experimentally on a flat plate downstream of a row of inclined different geometries hole exit by using a single test transient IR thermography technique. The focus of this …
Semantic Image Retrieval Using Relevance Feedback And Transaction Logs, Amin Shah-Hosseini
Semantic Image Retrieval Using Relevance Feedback And Transaction Logs, Amin Shah-Hosseini
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Due to the recent improvements in digital photography and storage capacity, storing large amounts of images has been made possible, and efficient means to retrieve images matching a user’s query are needed. Content-based Image Retrieval (CBIR) systems automatically extract image contents based on image features, i.e. color, texture, and shape. Relevance feedback methods are applied to CBIR to integrate users’ perceptions and reduce the gap between high-level image semantics and low-level image features. The precision of a CBIR system in retrieving semantically rich (complex) images is improved in this dissertation work by making advancements in three areas of a CBIR …
Optimal Control Of Production And Distribution In A Supply Chain System Operating Under A Jit Delivery Policy, Pablo Biswas
Optimal Control Of Production And Distribution In A Supply Chain System Operating Under A Jit Delivery Policy, Pablo Biswas
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
This research deals with a supply chain system where the production or manufacturing facility operates under a just-in-time (JIT) environment, and the facility consists of raw material suppliers, manufacturers, and retailers where inventory of raw materials, work-in-process, and finished goods are involved, respectively. This work considers that the production of finished goods in one cycle starts just after the production or uptime in preceding cycle to minimize the idle time of the facility. Considering this scenario, inventory models are developed for different delivery situations: (a) perfect matching condition where no finished good remains after the shipments and (b) imperfect matching …
Factors That Influence Visual Attention And Their Effects On Safety In Driving: An Eye Movement Tracking Approach, Larry Bargola Nabatilan
Factors That Influence Visual Attention And Their Effects On Safety In Driving: An Eye Movement Tracking Approach, Larry Bargola Nabatilan
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Statistics show that a high percentage of road related accidents are due to factors that cause impaired driving. Since information extraction in driving is predominantly a visual task, visual distraction and its implications are therefore important safety issues. The main objective of this research is to study some of the implications of demands to human’s attention and perception and how it affects performance of tasks such as driving. Specifically, the study aims to determine the changes that occur in the visual behavior of drivers with different levels of driving experience by tracking the movement of the eye; examine the effects …
Engineering A Photo-Control Mechanism For Rna Interference, Richard Andrew Blidner
Engineering A Photo-Control Mechanism For Rna Interference, Richard Andrew Blidner
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
RNA interference (RNAi) is a phenomenon in which RNA molecules elicit potent and sequence-specific post-transcriptional gene silencing. Nucleic acid chemical modifications have been incorporated to improve their pharmacological properties. Despite numerous developments in chemical modifications for increased stability, safety, and efficiency of these therapeutic agents, they still face challenges of spatial and temporal targeting. One potential targeting strategy uses photocaging techniques, which involves the covalent attachment of photolabile compounds to the effector NA species that blocks bioactivity until exposed to near UV-light. This work demonstrates that fully-2’-fluorinated nucleic acids (FNAs) can elicit RNAi and that these effectors are resistant to …
Electrodeposition Of Multilayered Nanostructures For Giant Magnetoresistance And Thermoelectric Applications, Despina Davis
Electrodeposition Of Multilayered Nanostructures For Giant Magnetoresistance And Thermoelectric Applications, Despina Davis
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The electrodeposition of novel materials such as multilayer nanotubes for giant magneto resistance (GMR) applications and bismuth telluride nanotubes for thermoelectric applications are presented in this dissertation. The motivation for the multilayer electrodeposition is the investigation of giant magnetoresistance (GMR), a change in the material resistance in an applied magnetic field as a consequence of antiferromagnetic coupling. The nanowire high aspect ratio geometry allows the measurement of GMR with the current applied perpendicular to the plane (CPP) of the multilayers, which has been theoretically identified as being larger than the GMR in the (CIP) configuration (current in plane of multilayers). …