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Articles 1381 - 1410 of 1476

Full-Text Articles in Engineering Science and Materials

Electrode Process Of Lithium Ions On Aluminum Electrode In Molten Licl-Kcl, Shu-Zhen Duan, Cong-Sheng Guan, Qing-Rong Shi, Xin-Dong Wang May 1998

Electrode Process Of Lithium Ions On Aluminum Electrode In Molten Licl-Kcl, Shu-Zhen Duan, Cong-Sheng Guan, Qing-Rong Shi, Xin-Dong Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The Deposition mechanism of Lithium on aluminium electrode was studied by using linear sweep voltammetry and potential step method. The formation of α-solid solution was controlled by the diffusion of lithium within the aluminium substance. The formation of β-LiAl alloy was limited by the rate of forming the alloy at the legining, and by diffiusion of lithium through the β- LiAl alloy layer was limited by the rate of forming the alloy at the begining, and by the diffusion of lithium through the β-LiAl alloy later. Neucleation polarization for the formation of β-LiAl alloy was observed. This polarization is an …


Studies Of Surface Alloy As High Efficient Electrocatalyst For Glyoxylic Acid Synthesis, Sheng-Pei Chen, Sheng-Qing Xia, Shi-Gang Sun May 1998

Studies Of Surface Alloy As High Efficient Electrocatalyst For Glyoxylic Acid Synthesis, Sheng-Pei Chen, Sheng-Qing Xia, Shi-Gang Sun

Journal of Electrochemistry

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Studies Of Surface Electrochemistry And Electrocatalysis At Atomic And Molecule Level, Shigang Sun Feb 1998

Studies Of Surface Electrochemistry And Electrocatalysis At Atomic And Molecule Level, Shigang Sun

Journal of Electrochemistry

The main progresses achieved during last few years in our research group concerning studies of surface electrochemistry and electrocatalysis were reviewed in this present paper. Four topics were described: 1) the surface electrochemistry and model electrocatalysis of metal single crystal planes, 2) the electrocatalytic reaction mechanism and the control of reaction pathways at molecule level, 3) the reaction kinetics of electrooxidation of small organic molecules, and 4) the relationship between the properties and the surface chemical states of electrocatalyst. This review lays in emphasis on the demonstration of the results as well as the research direction of surface electrochemistry and …


A Preliminary Study On Thin Film Plasticizing Lithium Ion Battery, Quanfeng Dong, Hanxi Yang, Xinping Ai, Xiaohong Hu, Shengxian Li Feb 1998

A Preliminary Study On Thin Film Plasticizing Lithium Ion Battery, Quanfeng Dong, Hanxi Yang, Xinping Ai, Xiaohong Hu, Shengxian Li

Journal of Electrochemistry

A dry polymer electrolyte was made by plasticizing a copolymer matrix and further filling with liquid electrolyte. A thin-film lithium ion battery based on the dry polymer electrolyte was manufactured and its electrochemical properties were measured. It is found that the thin film lithium ion battery exhibits similar discharge properties to liquid electrolyte battery, and shows strong high rate capability.


Study On The Synthesis And Electrochemical Behavior Of Poly (Quinonoid-Disulfide), Xiaohui Tang, Xiuwu Sun, Yongfang Li, Shibi Fang Feb 1998

Study On The Synthesis And Electrochemical Behavior Of Poly (Quinonoid-Disulfide), Xiaohui Tang, Xiuwu Sun, Yongfang Li, Shibi Fang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Organic polydisulfide containing quinonoid structure was synthesized by chloromethylation, oxidation by nitric acid, and condensation polymerization with sodium disulfide. The effect of quinonoid structure on the electrochemical behavior of organic polydisulfide was investigated with cyclic voltammetry and chargedischarge measurement. The result shows that quinonoid struture mainly affects the positions of redox peaks of organic polydisulfide, open circuit voltage and discharge platform voltage of cell with the organic polydisulfide as cathode.


The Investigations Of Surface Treatment Methods And Characterization Of Oxide Films On Ab5 Based Metal Hydride Electrodes Ⅰ. New NiRich Treatment Methods And Photoelectrochemical Characterization Of Oxide Films, Junmin Nan, Yong Yang, Jun Li, Zugeng Lin Feb 1998

The Investigations Of Surface Treatment Methods And Characterization Of Oxide Films On Ab5 Based Metal Hydride Electrodes Ⅰ. New NiRich Treatment Methods And Photoelectrochemical Characterization Of Oxide Films, Junmin Nan, Yong Yang, Jun Li, Zugeng Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

Two simple and efficient surface treatment methods for AB5 type hydrogen storage alloys were developed. The results of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and cyclic voltammetric (CV) experiments showed that the hydrogen storage alloys treated by two different methods had Ni rich surface layer so that the performances of the electrodes were improved after treatment. The characterization of the oxide films which formed on the surface of electrodes through potentiodynamic oxidation with the help of photoelectrochemical microscopy (PEM) were done. The anodic photocurrent and the cathodic photocurrent related to the oxidation of hydrogen and the reduction of oxygen on the …


A Study On Heterogeneous Indirect Electrosynthesis Of Benzaldehyde, Daobao Chu, Changjian Lin, Huashui Lin, Jianguang Tan Feb 1998

A Study On Heterogeneous Indirect Electrosynthesis Of Benzaldehyde, Daobao Chu, Changjian Lin, Huashui Lin, Jianguang Tan

Journal of Electrochemistry

Heterogeneous indirect electrosynthesis process of benzaldehyde has been investigated using cyclic voltammetry and polarization curves. An optimum condition for preparation of benzaldehyde by indirect electrooxidation of toluenc with redox Mn3+/Mn2+ is given in this paper. Electrolytic regeneration Mn3+ are made at Pt/Ti anode in “slurry” MnSO4/H2SO4 medium. Current efficiency for electrolytic regeneration Mn3+  was maintained over 88% by “double cyclic way”.


Investigation Of Methanol Anode Electrooxidation Catalysts, Gangyao Wen, Ying Zhang, Zhenglong Yang, Changzhi Li Feb 1998

Investigation Of Methanol Anode Electrooxidation Catalysts, Gangyao Wen, Ying Zhang, Zhenglong Yang, Changzhi Li

Journal of Electrochemistry

A series of catalysts, Pt-WO3/C, Pt/Ru/C and Pt-Ru-WO3/C were prepared by chemical reduction deposition. Electrocatalytic oxidation of methanolon different catalyst/Nafion membrane electrodes was studies by voltammetry and current-potential polarization. The results indicated that the catalytic activity order of different catalysts is as follows: Pt-Ru-WO3/C > Pt-Ru/C > Pt-WO3/C. At the same time, influences of methanol concentrations and catalyst proportion on performances of anodes were also studies.


Progresses In Surface Electrochemistry And Electrocatalysis ——A Review On The 1997 Joint International Meeting Of Electrochemistry And 97' International Meeting Of Surface Electrochemistry, Shigang Sun Feb 1998

Progresses In Surface Electrochemistry And Electrocatalysis ——A Review On The 1997 Joint International Meeting Of Electrochemistry And 97' International Meeting Of Surface Electrochemistry, Shigang Sun

Journal of Electrochemistry

The progresses in surface electrochemistry and electrocatalsis reported in the 1997 joint international meeting of electrochemistry and in the 97′ international meeting of surface electrochemistry were reviewed. The main trends described in this paper consisted of 7 aspects: 1) the studies employing single crystal electrodes, 2) the development of in situ methods of diverse spectroscpoy, 3) the innovation of new research techniques, 4) the preparaton of electrocatalyst of high performances, 5) the quantitative studies on kinetics of electrocatalytic reactions, 6) the investigation on the dynamic processes of surface by timeresolved methods, and 7) the theoretical modeling and simulation of surface …


Anchor Effect Of Iron And Cobalt To Platinum On Carbon Substrates, Zidong Wei, Hetong Guo, Zhiyuan Tan Feb 1998

Anchor Effect Of Iron And Cobalt To Platinum On Carbon Substrates, Zidong Wei, Hetong Guo, Zhiyuan Tan

Journal of Electrochemistry

The cathodic reduction of oxygen is studied on porous carbonbased electrodes carrying platinumiron and/or cobalt alloy catalysts. Electrodes using such electrocatalysts, particularly when used as cathodes in acidic electrolytes, remain stable for longer periods. The cathodic polarization of oxygen reduction on such electrodes is 20 mV to 40 mV lower than that on the conventional electrode on which only platinum alone is used as an electrocatalysts. An accelerated aging test (AAT) is used to evaluate the corrosion resistance and sintering resistance of each catalyst. The dissolution of the catalyst in the AAT filtrate is analysed and provides a measure of …


Study On Nano Electrode Material Of Lithium Ion Batteries, Jinkua You, Yong Yang, Dong Shu, Shenghui Wu, Yingchun Zhang, Zugeng Lin Feb 1998

Study On Nano Electrode Material Of Lithium Ion Batteries, Jinkua You, Yong Yang, Dong Shu, Shenghui Wu, Yingchun Zhang, Zugeng Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this paper, the structure and morphology of the nano phase electrode materials have been characterized with XRD and TEM. The performances of electrochemical intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ions have been studied by using cyclic voltammograms and galvanostatic charge discharge techniques. The results show that the nano materials posses advantage of micro structure and Li+ ions intercalation performances. The observed high capacity and large charge discharge current density of the nano phase materials seem to have resulted from three kinds of effects: 1) an increase in the space for Li+ ions intercalation; 2) a decrease in the …


The Activity Of Alloy Cu-Ni Electrode In Electroreduction Of Aromatic Nitro-Compounds, Chunan Ma, Shaoping Tong, Xiaojun Cheng, Hui Wang Nov 1997

The Activity Of Alloy Cu-Ni Electrode In Electroreduction Of Aromatic Nitro-Compounds, Chunan Ma, Shaoping Tong, Xiaojun Cheng, Hui Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Cu-Ni alloy on the basis of copper at different ratio Cu/Ni are prepared by codepostion. The cathode activtiy of film are studied by steady-state polarization for electroreduction nitro-benzene (NB) and 1,5-dinitroanthraquinone (1,5-DNA) to p-aminophenol and 1,5-diamino-4,8-dihydroanthraquinone respectly. The results show that the alloy cathodes at different ratio Cu/Ni have different exchange current density (io) and apparent activition energy (EA). The alloy (CN-30) has maximal io and minimal EA by codeposition at the following conditions: electrolyte: 0.05 mol/L CuSO4·5H2O+0.6 mol/L NiSO4·6H2O+0.25 mol/L Na3Cit·2H2O; …


Preparation Of High Rate Discharge Foamed Ni-Cd Battery, Yuming Wang, Jinsheng Chen Nov 1997

Preparation Of High Rate Discharge Foamed Ni-Cd Battery, Yuming Wang, Jinsheng Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

A novel device of SC type foamed NiCd battery is presented, in which, the innerresistance of battery is appeared to be reduced, and the electrode performance is gained to very improved, and so, this battery can be suited to using of the powerdrive pistol drill.


Study On The Oxygen Electrodes Of Alkaline Fuel Cells Effect Of Dopant On The Activity Of Ag/C Catalyst, Jiawei Teng, Linhua Jin, Luncheng Tang Nov 1997

Study On The Oxygen Electrodes Of Alkaline Fuel Cells Effect Of Dopant On The Activity Of Ag/C Catalyst, Jiawei Teng, Linhua Jin, Luncheng Tang

Journal of Electrochemistry

A new kind of nonnoble catalyst for the oxygen electrodes of Alkaline Fuel Cells was investigated. The AgNiBiHg/C catalyst, which was prepared by chemical reduction, was active for the cathodic reduction of oxygen in alkaline fuel cells. It was found that the catalytic activity was improved by adding Ni, Bi, Hg to Ag/C catalyst, and the maximum activity was observed at Ag50%-Ni2%-Bi3%-Hg3%-C42%(wt%). XRD inconjunction with SEM indicated that the crystalline silver turned into amorphous in the presence of doping agents and the grain size of silver was reduced. No dramatic deactivation of the catalyst occured after 5200 hours of service.


Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Materials And Technology, Naichao Li, Baolian Yi Nov 1997

Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Materials And Technology, Naichao Li, Baolian Yi

Journal of Electrochemistry

Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell materials are reviewed, and the technology of Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell are discussed.


Study On Perchlorate Produced By Electrolysis With Oxygen Cathode, Zhigang Shao, Baolian Yi, Naichao Li, Ming Han Nov 1997

Study On Perchlorate Produced By Electrolysis With Oxygen Cathode, Zhigang Shao, Baolian Yi, Naichao Li, Ming Han

Journal of Electrochemistry

A new method of measuring the flow capacity of cell gas in the perchlorate cell process equipped with an oxygen cathode is applided to investigate the influence of changes in the concentration of solution (chloride, chlorate, perchlorate and metal ion) and changes in the operation parameters (current density, temperature and pH) on perchlorate current efficiency. The main abstacle that the oxygen cathode is used in the perchlorate cell process is put forward and a method is provided to resolve it.


Photoluminescence Of Photoelectrochemically Etched N+-Si, Guozheng Li, Chengqian Zhang, Xiumei Yang Nov 1997

Photoluminescence Of Photoelectrochemically Etched N+-Si, Guozheng Li, Chengqian Zhang, Xiumei Yang

Journal of Electrochemistry

PS layer on n+-Si with (111) orientation prepered by means of photoelectrochemically etched has photo-luminescent (PL) ability like PS layer on usual n-Si. The data of PL spectra and quenching are given.


Electrocatalytic Oxidation Of Methanol On The Stearate Nickel L-B Film, Benzeng Hua, Wenyan Hu, Yanzhen Chen, Yanhong Zhang Aug 1997

Electrocatalytic Oxidation Of Methanol On The Stearate Nickel L-B Film, Benzeng Hua, Wenyan Hu, Yanzhen Chen, Yanhong Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The stearate nickel L-B films is good electroacatlyst for the oxidation of methanol MeOH in alkaline. The electrochemical behaviors of stearate nickel L-B films is affected by the concentration of KOH. The rate of quantity of mickel ion and stearic acid in L-B films is 1∶1, which means that the nickel ion may exist in -COONi(OH) form. The electrocatalytic process is influenced by the concentration of OH-, it involves the penetration of MeOH into the films. The oxidative currents of MeOH are linearly dependent on the bulk concentration.


Surface Modifications Of Carbon Materials Used As Anode Of Lithium Ion Battery Ⅲ. Improvement Of Artificially Imposed Solid Electrolyte Film On Cell Performance, Shuhua Ma, Xiabin Jing, Fosong Wang Aug 1997

Surface Modifications Of Carbon Materials Used As Anode Of Lithium Ion Battery Ⅲ. Improvement Of Artificially Imposed Solid Electrolyte Film On Cell Performance, Shuhua Ma, Xiabin Jing, Fosong Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The improving effect of solid electrolyte film artificially imposed on carbon electrode was investigated. The result showed that both the charge/discharge capacity and first charge/discharge efficiency, to a certain extent, were enhanced, and the result also suggested the effectiveness of the substitution of the artificially imposed solid electrolyte film for the inherent passivating film which was formed on the surface of the carbon electrode while inserted in the electrolyte during charging or discharging. The Scanning Electron Microscope result displayed the compact and well-defined morphology of the artificially imposed crystalline film.


Investigation On Electro Reduction Behaviour Of Copper Anodic Products In Concentrated Naoh Solutions Ⅱ. Electro Reduction Of Cu(Ⅱ) Products, Jianbo He, Hanhe Chen, Jianxin Lin Aug 1997

Investigation On Electro Reduction Behaviour Of Copper Anodic Products In Concentrated Naoh Solutions Ⅱ. Electro Reduction Of Cu(Ⅱ) Products, Jianbo He, Hanhe Chen, Jianxin Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

Potentiostatic oxidation potentiodynamic or galvanostatic reduction methods have been used to study the cathodic reduction behaviour of various products anodically formed on the second stage of copper oxidation in concentrated NaOH solutions. Seven cathodic current peaks and the corresponding cathodic potential plateaus are observed on the potentiodynamic E/i curves and the galvanostatic E/t curves, respectively. In the negative potential scan, there are three couples of voltammetric peaks which have been attributed to the formation and reduction of CuO, Cu(OH)2 and Cu(Ⅱ) ion, respectively. The complicated mechanism for the electro formation of the three Cu(Ⅱ) species are discussed.


Studies On The Failure Modes Of Stationary Vrla Batteries, Yibo Tong, Xiangming Qiu Aug 1997

Studies On The Failure Modes Of Stationary Vrla Batteries, Yibo Tong, Xiangming Qiu

Journal of Electrochemistry

In order to improve the reliability and the quality of stationary valve-regulated lead-acid (VRLA) batteries, the failure modes of the stationary VRLA batteries which caused by the water loss and the thermal runaway are studied. The water loss may be solved by increasing the Oxygen-recombination efficiency, choosing the suitable grid material and the additives of megative paste, decreasing the corrosion of the positive plates. The thermal runaway may be solved by decreasing the inner ohmic resistance of VRLA batteries, improving the outside condition of batteries such as putting into the absorbing-heat material between the abtteries etc..


Preparation And Examination Of Planar Type Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Yi Jiang, Jingwang Yan, Shizhong Wang, Chunying Yu, Wenzhao Li Aug 1997

Preparation And Examination Of Planar Type Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, Yi Jiang, Jingwang Yan, Shizhong Wang, Chunying Yu, Wenzhao Li

Journal of Electrochemistry

The solid oxide fuel cells of planar type (SOFC) have been developed after successfully preparing La0.8Sr0.2MnO3 cathodes and Ni-YSZ ceramic anodes on YSZ plates and solving the high temperature sealing technical problem. Examination of the single cells fabricated showed that the maximum power output at 950 ℃ for H2 as fuel and air as oxidant reached 0.12 W/cm2. It was found that the large polarization overpotential of the Ni-YSZ anode and the Ohmic losses of the cells were two main factors responsible for the relative low output power density.


Research Related To Multi Degree Of Freedom Magnetic Suspensions, Yan Yang Jul 1997

Research Related To Multi Degree Of Freedom Magnetic Suspensions, Yan Yang

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations

This thesis covers the activities associated with 1) recommissioning of the 6-inch Magnetic Suspension and Balance System (MSBS) and 2) enhancing the Annular Suspension and Pointing System (ASPS). These activities continue the program of research in the multi degree of freedom magnetic suspension program at Old Dominion University. The 6-inch MSBS is a large gap magnetic suspension system used as a model support and balance system in wind tunnels. The first stage of recommissioning of the 6- inch MSBS for the 6-inch subsonic wind tunnel is performed. Experimental data and computational results for the magnetic field distribution of the MSBS …


Studies Of Electrocatalytic Properties Of Electrode Of Dispersed Pt On Gc Support In Ethylene Glycol Oxidation, Shengpei Chen, Shigang Sun, Zhiyou Zhou, Shuanjing Hong May 1997

Studies Of Electrocatalytic Properties Of Electrode Of Dispersed Pt On Gc Support In Ethylene Glycol Oxidation, Shengpei Chen, Shigang Sun, Zhiyou Zhou, Shuanjing Hong

Journal of Electrochemistry

The structures and properties of electrocatalyst of dispersed Plutinum (Pt) on glassy carbon (GC) support under different conditions were studied using cyclic voltammetry, potential step technique, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning Electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that after having been treated in high temperature,the dispersed Pt on GC support was recrystallised with preferented orientation, and the grain of Pt microcrystal become large and regular. It was illustrated that the dispersed Pt on GC support after high temperature treatment exhibited better stability and high activity for ethylene glycol oxidation.


Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Powered Vehicles, Naichao Li, Baolian Yi May 1997

Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Powered Vehicles, Naichao Li, Baolian Yi

Journal of Electrochemistry

The background, status and commercialization prospect of polymer electrolyte fuel cell vehicles are surveyed in this paper. The technology of this cell and system used in vehicles is discussed.


Electrochemical Behavior Of Superoxide Dismutase On Gold Minigrid With Thin Layer Cell, Xiaqin Wu, Qian Liu, Bin Xu, Xiaoyun Men, Zongrang Zhang May 1997

Electrochemical Behavior Of Superoxide Dismutase On Gold Minigrid With Thin Layer Cell, Xiaqin Wu, Qian Liu, Bin Xu, Xiaoyun Men, Zongrang Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrochemical behavior of superoxide dismutase (Cu, Zn-SOD) was investigated on gold wire electrode and gold minigrid with thin layer cell by cyclic voltammetry. A quasi reversible redox wave of SOD has obtained on gold minigrid thin layer electrode, but only oxidation peak has observed on gold wire electrode. The electrochemical reaction parameters, such as the formal potential E0′, diffusion coefficient D and standard rate constant k0′ were estimated.


Surface Modification Of Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Anode, Baizeng Fang, Xinyu Liu, Xindong Wang, Shuzhen Duan May 1997

Surface Modification Of Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell Anode, Baizeng Fang, Xinyu Liu, Xindong Wang, Shuzhen Duan

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this study, the anode material of molten carbonate fuel cell was modified by the deposition of niobium on nickel surface. The results of polarization experiments reveal that the corrosion resistant properties as well as electrocatalytic activity have been improved greatly.


Electroluminescence Of Photoelectrochemically Etched N+-Si, Guozheng Li, Chengqian Zhang, Xiumei Yang May 1997

Electroluminescence Of Photoelectrochemically Etched N+-Si, Guozheng Li, Chengqian Zhang, Xiumei Yang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Porous silicon with micrometer size pores, which is made on n+-Si by photoelectrochemically etched, has electroluminescent property. Each monochromic intensity and wavelength range of luminescent spectra depend on polarized potential. The intersity and the stability of cathodic electroluminescence is high than those of anodic one. Voltammetric behavior before quenching indicated that the electrochemical reactions of some surface species are involved in except the reduction of S2O82-, which leads to radiative recombination. The energy band diagram based on n+-Si(Eg=1.1 eV)/PS(Eg=1.8 eV) junction is proposed.


Broadband Dynamic Modification Using Feedforward Control, Kendeas Antonis Karantonis Apr 1997

Broadband Dynamic Modification Using Feedforward Control, Kendeas Antonis Karantonis

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations

The use of feedforward control for dynamic modification is relatively new to the area of structural vibration control. In this thesis the disturbance path dynamics of a flexible aluminum beam, pinned at both ends and under the influence of broadband excitation inputs, are modified through the use of feedforward control. The ideal algebraically determined feedforward control method for response cancellation is first presented. Theoretically, this compensator modifies the disturbance path dynamics to any desired behavior. This ideal algebraic approach can only be used for minimum phase systems. In non-minimum phase systems, right half s-plane plant zeros emerge as unstable poles …


Electrochemical Studies Of Spinel Limn2O4 Rechargeable Lithium Battery, Li Feng, Yuqin Chang, Lie Wu, Hong Li, Yibin San, Tianhong Lu Feb 1997

Electrochemical Studies Of Spinel Limn2O4 Rechargeable Lithium Battery, Li Feng, Yuqin Chang, Lie Wu, Hong Li, Yibin San, Tianhong Lu

Journal of Electrochemistry

The spinel Li intercalation compound LiMn2O4 was prepared and studied using ac impedance and cyclic voltammogram techniques. It was first discussed that the impedance behaviors of LiMn2O4 electrode varied as lithium ion was intercalated in or out the electrode with the help of fractal theory. The Li reversible behaviors in LiMn2O4 electrode were shown by the cyclic voltammogram results.