VLSI and Circuits, Embedded and Hardware Systems Commons^™

Machine Learning Approach To Stability Analysis Of Semiconductor Memory Element, Ravindra Thanniru, Gautam Kapila, Nibhrat Lohia

SMU Data Science Review

Memory stability analysis traditionally relied heavily on circuit simulation-based approaches that run Monte Carlo (MC) analysis over various manufacturing and use condition parameters. This paper researches application of Machine Learning approaches for memory element failure analysis which could mimic simulation-like accuracy and minimize the need for engineers to rely heavily on simulators for their validations. Both regressor and classifier algorithms are benchmarked for accuracy and recall scores. A high recall score implies fewer escapes of fails to field and is the metric of choice for comparing algorithm. The paper identifies that recall score in excess of 0.97 can be achieved …

Design, Extraction, And Optimization Tool Flows And Methodologies For Homogeneous And Heterogeneous Multi-Chip 2.5d Systems, Md Arafat Kabir

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Chip and packaging industries are making significant progress in 2.5D design as a result of increasing popularity of their application. In advanced high-density 2.5D packages, package redistribution layers become similar to chip Back-End-of-Line routing layers, and the gap between them scales down with pin density improvement. Chiplet-package interactions become significant and severely affect system performance and reliability. Moreover, 2.5D integration offers opportunities to apply novel design techniques. The traditional die-by-die design approach neither carefully considers these interactions nor fully exploits the cross-boundary design opportunities.

This thesis presents chiplet-package cross-boundary design, extraction, analysis, and optimization tool flows and methodologies for high-density …

Indoor Positioning Using Synchronized Ultrasonic Ofdma Signals, Julian Bartolone

Master's Theses

This paper proposes a method of short-range indoor localization using differential phase measurements of synchronized two-tone ultrasonic signals in an Orthogonal Frequency Multiple Access (OFDMA) scheme. This indoor positioning system (IPS) operates at an ultrasonic frequency of approximately 40kHz and synchronizes using an infrared signal. The OFDMA scheme allows for a receiver to process the signals from multiple transmitters continuously without the signals interfering with each other. The phases of the signals are measured using Goertzel Filters, allowing for low-complexity frequency content analysis. A MATLAB simulation using the proposed localization method is performed using four transmitter nodes in the corners …

Creating Reel Designs: Reflecting On Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita In The Community, Iris Layadi

Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement

Because of its extreme rarity, the genetic disease arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) and the needs of individuals with the diagnosis are often overlooked. AMC refers to the development of nonprogressive contractures in disparate areas of the body and is characterized by decreased flexibility in joints, muscle atrophy, and developmental delays. Colton Darst, a seven-year-old boy from Indianapolis, Indiana, was born with the disorder, and since then, he has undergone numerous surgical interventions and continues to receive orthopedic therapy to reduce his physical limitations. His parents, Michael and Amber Darst, have hopes for him to regain his limbic motion and are …

Expanding Temperature Sensing For The Orion Bms 2, Samuel J. Parker

University Honors Theses

Formula SAE (FSAE) is an annual collegiate design competition that takes place across the globe. Portland State University’s team, Viking Motorsports, was committed to designing an Electric Vehicle (EV) for the 2021 FSAE competition. The team designed a completely custom lithium-ion cell battery that is managed by an Orion BMS 2 battery management system. The FSAE rulebook requires a robust temperature monitoring system for any EV power supply. The Orion BMS 2 can only directly collect data from eight temperature sensors, which is not enough to meet FSAE regulation. However, the BMS can be configured to monitor many more sensors …

A 12-Bit 1gs/S Sar-Assisted Pipeline Adc With Harmonic Injecting Residue Amplifier, Liang Fang

Electrical Engineering Theses and Dissertations

Advanced wireless applications require a medium resolution Radio Frequency (RF) sampling Analog to Digital Converter (ADC). By performing sampling of ADC at RF frequency, the mixer and Intermediate Frequency (IF) amplifier can be implemented in the digital domain, which helps the receiver eliminate troublesome mixing spurs and potentially improves the software-defined ratio of the entire system. By combing the merits of the energy-efficient Successive Approximation Register (SAR) ADC and the high-speed pipeline ADC, the SAR-assisted pipeline ADC achieves superior performance in high-speed medium-resolution ADC. However, with the advance of the process, due to the pure analog implementation, the residue amplifier …

Bibliometric Review Of Fpga Based Implementation Of Cnn, Priti Shahane, Piyush Tyagi, Purba Saha, Shravan Sainath, Swanand Bedekar

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Nowadays Convolution Neural Network (CNN) has become the state of the art for machine learning algorithms due to their high accuracy. However, implementation of CNN algorithms on hardware platforms becomes challenging due to high computation complexity, memory bandwidth and power consumption. Hardware accelerators such as Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) are suitable platforms to model CNN algorithms. Recently FPGAs have been considered as an attractive platform for CNN implementation. Modern FPGAs have various embedded hardware and software blocks such as a soft processor, DSP slice and memory blocks. These embedded resources …

Reference Design Of An Online Emulation And Hot-Patching Approach For Power Electronic Controller Validation, Estefano Soria Pearson

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This thesis aims to develop a reference design of an online security system approach embedded in a power electronic controller for cybersecurity purposes. Cybersecurity in power electronics focuses on reducing vulnerabilities in the system, where most reside in the communication with the hardware devices. Although methods to secure communications lessen the probability and effects of cyber-attacks, discovering vulnerabilities is inevitable. This thesis attempts to provide a fail-safe approach to securing the system by targeting the safety of the power-electronic controller. This approach applies an additional security layer in case of a malicious or accidental controller firmware malfunction.

The online security …

A Brief Bibliometric Survey On Night Vision Bot Using Dynamic Ir And Object Detection, Devesh Abhyankar Mr., Gurumoorty Suresh Mr., Hrithik Sambhaji Karjule Mr., Parth Bhardwaj Mr., Harish Muleva Mr., Anurag Mahajan Dr.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This study aims to analyse the work done in the field of Night Vision Robots using IR and Object Detection from 2011 to 2021, using the bibliometric methods. This paper presents a Scopus database review on "Night Vision Bot using Dynamic IR and Object Detection". The necessity for doing this bibliometric survey is that to know how the technology in the field of mobile robotics and night vision, as well as to object detection, has evolved over the years. This paper shows the importance of Night Vision Robot from the year 2011 and continued up to 2021 April. The database …

Tractor Hacking, Jin Huang, Kyle B. Kesler

Electrical Engineering

Tractor hacking arose from tractor owners' desire for full control over the tractors they purchase. Tractor manufacturers set strict security on the electrical components of their tractors, making it difficult for tractor owners to diagnose and monitor their tractors on their own. The UltraBlue Tractor Hacking project is a solution to this problem, allowing tractor owners to perform diagnostics and monitor the equipment they purchased without having to go through dealerships. From talking to farmers, we found that they valued a diagnostic tool that allows for clearing and resetting Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs), viewing diagnostic data pertaining to a specific …

Energy Efficient Computing Using Scalable General Purpose Analog Processors, Ethan Paul Palisoc De Guzman

Master's Theses

Due to fundamental physical limitations, conventional digital circuits have not been able to scale at the pace expected from Moore’s law. In addition, computationally intensive applications such as neural networks and computer vision demand large amounts of energy from digital circuits. As a result, energy efficient alternatives are needed in order to provide continued performance scaling. Analog circuits have many well known benefits: the ability to store more information onto a single wire and efficiently perform mathematical operations such as addition, subtraction, and differential equation solving. However, analog computing also comes with drawbacks such as its sensitivity to process variation …

Design And Characterization Of Standard Cell Library Using Finfets, Phanindra Datta Sadhu

Master's Theses

The processors and digital circuits designed today contain billions of transistors on a small piece of silicon. As devices are becoming smaller, slimmer, faster, and more efficient, the transistors also have to keep up with the demands and needs of the daily user. Unfortunately, the CMOS technology has reached its limit and cannot be used to scale down due to the transistor's breakdown caused by short channel effects. An alternative solution to this is the FinFET transistor technology, where the gate of the transistor is a three dimensional fin that surrounds the transistor and prevents the breakdown caused by scaling …

Bibliometric Review Of Predictive Maintenance Using Vibration Analysis, Aashna Midha Ms., Ishita Maheshwari Ms., Kaushik Ojha Mr., Kritika Gupta Ms., Shripad V. Deshpande Mr.

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Every day the world is depending more and more on machines in almost every aspect of life. With the increasing use of machines, there also needs to be an evolution in the maintenance of these machines. Predictive maintenance is a process used to monitor the equipment and machinery during its operation to detect any damages and/or deteriorations and enable the required maintenance plan in advance, resulting in reduced operational costs and full utilization of tools and parts. The fundamental goal of this bibliometric review paper is a comprehension of the extent and sources of the literature available for predictive maintenance …

Fault Modeling And Test Vector Generation For Asic Devices Exposed To Space Single Event Environment, Ahmed Mohamed

Theses and Dissertations

This work aims at providing a concise automated flow to predict the effect of Single Event Transients (SETs) on ASIC chips by developing a method to characterize the circuit susceptibility to SET pulses propagation and then generation of the required input vectors that sensitize the victim paths. A new enhanced method for SET electrical propagation modeling is proposed and compared to a previously published analytical model. The method was applied on different standard cells libraries built over XFAB Xh018 technology and verified for accuracy against simulations. The new method showed enhancement in accuracy compared with previous work in literature. Industrial …

A Bibliometric Review Of Characterization Of Outdoor Solar Pv Panel For Shading And Validation By Pv Emulator, Viplove Malik, Poojan Pavagadhi, Aman Kumar Pandey, Saharsh Vyas, Javed Sayyad, Paresh Nasikkar

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Many researchers and experts have begun to work in Renewable Energy (RE) Research and Development (R&D) as an interdisciplinary area ineluctable solution to lower the use of conventional power generation or non-renewable resources. Solar photovoltaic energy has gained a lot of recognition as one of the best green alternatives. However, its firm reliance on environmental and climatic conditions makes it difficult for researchers to conduct experiments at the operational temperature (T) and Solar insolation level (G). These solar PV panels with a controllable light source are inefficient, unreliable, and unsuitable for testing PV algorithms such as Maximum Power Point Tracking …

Smart E-Bike Conversion Kit And Helmet, Megan West, Marena Trujillo, Hossein Asghari

Honors Thesis

With many state governments across the United States implementing shutdowns to prevent the spread of COVID-19, many bike retailers have seen dramatic increases in bike sales. Electric bicycles (e-bikes) have become increasingly popular as the public searches for alternatives to public transportation. Unfortunately, e-bike users assume some risk by riding bikes that are faster than conventional bicycles. While kits to convert conventional bicycles to e-bikes exist, no “smart” e-bike/helmet kit specifically designed to keep the user safe is currently available on the market. To mitigate risks, a smart e-bike conversion kit with multiple novel safety features, including auditory and visual …

Design And Fabrication Of A Microstrip Bandpass Filter In Ltcc, Allison Rucker

Electrical Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

The goal of the project was to design and fabricate a bandpass filter with a center frequency of 25GHz with a 2GHz bandwidth. The first step was to do the calculation to design a bandpass filter to meet these specifications along with the properties of the Dupont^TM GreenTape^TM 9K7. HFSS was then used to verify the results from the initial calculations. There was a significant error between the two results, so more tweaking was done to the calculations to get a better center frequency. After a final design was decided, the fabrication process started. Low-Temperature Co-Fired Ceramics (LLTC) …

Improvement Of Stability Of A Grid-Connected Inverter With An Lcl Filter By Robust Strong Active Damping And Model Predictive Control, Seungyong Lee

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study addresses development and implementation of robust control methods for a three-phase grid-connected voltage source inverter (VSI) accompanied by an inductive-capacitive-inductive (LCL) filter. A challenge of current control for the VSI is LCL filter resonance near to the control stability boundary, which interacts with the inverter control switching actions and creates the possibility of instability. In general, active damping is needed to stabilize the system and ensure robust performance in steady-state and dynamic responses. While many active damping methods have been proposed to resolve this issue, capacitor-current-feedback active damping has been most widely used for its simple implementation.

There …

Enercon Station Vacuum Pump Replacement, Clint Hembree, Jared D'Amico, Connor Moore, Paul Jeffrey Fontenot, Sydnee Castello, J.J. Clements

Senior Design Project For Engineers

This details the progress of the ENERCON pump replacement project as completed by the Kennesaw State University interdisciplinary senior design group. This project is a two-semester capstone effort for the engineering program at Southern Polytechnic School of Engineering, overseen by Dr. McFall during Fall 2020 and Dr. Khalid during Spring 2021 semesters. The 2020-2021 KSU Interdisciplinary Senior Design team was tasked with completing an Engineering Change Package (ECP) for existing vacuum pumps at ENERCON Station. The mechanical, electrical, and civil students worked together, performing evaluations on existing plant systems to ensure the plant could support the new vacuum pumps. By …

Comparing Noise Mechanisms & Entropy In Tent-Map Circuits, Austin Powell Davis

Honors Capstone Projects and Theses

No abstract provided.

Side Channel Attack Counter Measure Using A Moving Target Architecture, Jithin Joseph

Electrical and Computer Engineering ETDs

A novel countermeasure to side-channel power analysis attacks called Side-channel Power analysis Resistance for Encryption Algorithms using DPR or SPREAD is investigated in this thesis. The countermeasure leverages a strategy that is best characterized as a moving target architecture. Modern field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) architectures provide support for dynamic partial reconfiguration (DPR), a feature that allows real-time reconfiguration of the programmable logic (PL). The moving target architecture proposed in this work leverages DPR to implement a power analysis countermeasure to side-channel attacks, the most common of which are referred to as differential power analysis (DPA) and correlation power analysis …

A Bibliometric Survey On Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna, Sumit Kumar, Amruta S. Dixit

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

In this paper bibliometric survey is presented on Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna. The Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna is a broad band and has symmetric E plane and H plane. It has been used extensively in radars, wireless communication and dual polarization applications. The antipodal Vivaldi antenna has significant researches in biomedical imaging, optical lens, Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR) System, detecting cancer, 5G communications etc. The bibliometric analysis is done for the reason to understand the reach of antipodal Vivaldi antenna and performance enhancement analysis worldwide. The Scopus and web of science are used for accomplishing this survey. The study focuses on 449 documents …

Metamaterials In 5g Antenna Designs: A Bibliometric Survey, Hema D. Raut, Laxmikant K. Shevada, Rajeshwari R. Malekar, Amruta S. Dixit, Sumit Kumar

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The demand of high gain and wideband compact antenna designs are gaining importance to fulfil the need of 5G communication systems. This has opened the doors for the researchers to explore 5G antennas incorporating metamaterials as they can meet the requirement of high gain and wideband compact antennas. Overview of various metamaterial-based antenna designs including Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG), artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC), Frequency Selective Surface (FSS) and Partially Reflective Surface (PRS) are discussed in the paper. The paper primarily focuses on bibliometric survey of various types of 5G metamaterial antennas in terms of number of documents published, leading universities …

Design Of An Ultra-Wideband Frequency-Modulated Continuous Wave Short Range Radar System For Extending Independent Living, Toai-Chi Nguyen

Master's Theses

Falls in the disabled and elderly people have been a cause of concern as they can be immobilized by the fall and have no way to contact others and seek assistance. The proposed frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) short range radar (SRR) system, which uses ultra-wideband (UWB) signals can provide immediate assistance by monitoring and detecting fall events. The unique characteristics of this system allow for a frequency-based modulation system to carry out triangulation and sense the location of the fall through the usage of a continuous chirp signal that linearly sweeps frequency. This project focuses on the development, design …

Verifying Spi With Universal Verification Methodology (Uvm), Yueting Zhao

Discovery Undergraduate Interdisciplinary Research Internship

Nowadays, system-on-chips (SoC) are widely applied to perform any computing task. They are used in personal computers, embedded systems, and mobile computing. During the design of an SoC, testing and debugging play important roles to ensure the correct functionalities before sending the chip for fabrication. There are several different verification methods, among which the Universal Verification Methodology (UVM) is the one we are using. It is written in SystemVerilog and is an efficient method for verifying digital designs that is standardized in the industry. Following UVM, we can create scalable and well-formatted testbenches that can be reused for other components …

Logical Modeling Of Adiabatic Logic Circuits Using Vhdl, Lee Belfore

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

The underlying nature of adiabatic circuits is most accurately characterized at the circuit level as it is for traditional technologies. In order to scale system designs for adiabatic logic technologies, modeling of adiabatic circuits at the logic level is necessary. Logic level models of adiabatic logic circuits can facilitate the design, development, and verification of large scale digital systems that may be infeasible using circuit simulators. Adiabatic logic circuits can be powered with a four stage power clock consisting of idle, charge, hold, and recover stages that provides for adiabatic charging and charge recovery to give adiabatic circuits their low …

Hard Hat Ambient Liability Observer (Halo), Hunter Hykes, Nathan Kish, Brian Thomson

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Capturing workplace incident information is a growing area of concern for most companies. To assist with this, the design team proposed the H.A.L.O. This design uses time-of-flight sensors connected to LEDs to create a proximity-based hazard warning system. It also records incident data using an accelerometer and micro-SD card. This helps workers avoid some of the most common workplace injuries, slips, trips, and falls and accidental collisions.

Students have created a design with engineering, and marketing requirements that accomplish this task. The proposed design allows for this monitoring and mitigation systems to be attached to hard hats. Team members developed …

Design Project: Smart Headband, John Michel, Jack Durkin, Noah Lewis

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Concussion in sports is a prevalent medical issue. It can be difficult for medical professionals to diagnose concussions. With the fast pace nature of many sports, and the damaging effects of concussions, it is important that any concussion risks are assessed immediately. There is a growing trend of wearable technology that collects data such as steps and provides the wearer with in-depth information regarding their performance. The Smart Headband project created a wearable that can record impact data and provide the wearer with a detailed analysis on their risk of sustaining a concussion. The Smart Headband uses accelerometers and gyroscopes …

Automated Blind Control, Daniel Nahra, Matthew Lacek, Timothy Kurczewski, William Daulton Baksa

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

The objective of this project would be to design and prototype an automated, light and temperature sensing window blinds system. The device would detect temperature, both inside and outside, and incoming sunlight to determine proper window blind position for maximum energy savings. The user would also have the ability to change the settings of the blind from a remote device to a setting that they desire at any given time

Soil Sensor Network, Andrea Wyder, Ross Klonowski, Alexis Alves, Luke Farnsworth

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Water management during crop irrigation is a problem for the agricultural industry. To help farmers better maintain water usage, a wireless soil sensor network comprised of a sensor pod and wireless communication has been designed and implemented. It was proven that the sensor pod can be installed 6-8 inches below the ground and communicate up to at least a 6km distance back to the gateway. The senor pod shells have a 2 mm thick shell to prevent the pod from shattering when coming into contact with the ground after being released from the planter, as calculated through the force of …