Power and Energy Commons^™

Paving The Way For Multidisciplinary Smart Campus Infrastructure: Leveraging Du's Unique Campus For The Advancement Of Smart Campus Culture, Camerron T. Mismash

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Institutions are embracing smart technologies to reap their benefits while simultaneously innovating new uses. From localized renewable energy generation to health monitoring and everything in between, academic campuses globally are paving the way for smart technology application. Eight primary categories have been identified in which institutions are applying smart technologies. Energy development is on the forefront of these smart initiatives. The University of Denver has begun its Smart Campus Initiative by implementing a revolving fund to invest in campus improvements related to the offset of carbon. By comparing how institutions are investing in smart campus initiatives and analyzing costs associated …

Ignatian Pedagogy For Sustainability To Support Community-Based Projects: Client-Focused Sustainable Energy Solutions, Andrew Baruth

Jesuit Higher Education: A Journal

Seeing the words of Laudato Si’ as a call to action, we are engaging students in Ignatian Pedagogy for Sustainability through a series of community-based projects with the goal of client-focused sustainable energy solutions and associated dialogue. We outline the development of a purpose-created Energy Technology undergraduate program housed in the College of Arts and Sciences at Creighton University, born from Ignatian Sensibilities, and highlight the role of client engagement to engross students in a client-focused design process to deliver sustainable energy initiatives that become practically feasible with student leadership. For the senior capstone of this program, students engage in …

Submerged Solar Energy Harvesters Performance For Underwater Applications, Mohammad Abdellatif, Salsabeel Kamal, Ghazal M. Al-Sayyad, Rana Abdelmoteleb, Sameh O. Abdellatif

Electrical Engineering

underwater communications is the transmission of data in an unguided water medium through wireless carriers such as; optical waves, radio-frequency waves and acoustic waves. Such type of communication system is utilized to enable the realization of the ocean exploration system and other marine monitoring/exploration systems. Seeking for a sustainable setup, the enrolment of energy harvesting sources in these wireless nodes have been presented as a replacement of the short-life-time battery sources. In this paper, there are experimental measurements as well as theoretical studies for two different light harvesters have been conducted underwater with considering the air measurements as a reference. …

Matlab Gui Based Educational Simulation Tool Box For Power Analysis, Tharuka Senevirathne

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

One of the most important and complex tasks in power engineering is the analysis of power systems under fault conditions. The detection and analysis of these faults are important to guarantee that the dependability and stability of the power system does not decline as a result of a critical event such as a fault. This thesis will conduct research on how a power system under fault conditions behaves and will examine the various scenarios of faults such as three-phase, single line-to-ground, line-to-line, and double line-to-ground faults. A simplified method based on symmetrical components is used to construct the mathematical models …

Optimization Of Energy Harvesting Mobile Nodes Within Scalable Converter System Based On Reinforcement Learning, Chengtao Xu

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Microgrid monitoring focusing on power data, such as voltage and current, has become more significant in the development of decentralized power supply system. The power data transmission delay between distributed generator is vital for evaluating the stability and financial outcome of overall grid performance. In this thesis, both hardware and simulation has been discussed for optimizing the data packets transmission delay, energy consumption, and collision rate. To minimize the transmission delay and collision rate, state-action-reward-state-action (SARSA) and Q-learning method based on Markov decision process (MDP) model is used to search the most efficient data transmission scheme for each agent device. …

Machine Learning For Load Profile Data Analytics And Short-Term Load Forecasting, Md. Rashedul Haq

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Short-term load forecasting (STLF) is a key issue for the operation and dispatch of day ahead energy market. It is a prerequisite for the economic operation of power systems and the basis of dispatching and making startup-shutdown plans, which plays a key role in the automatic control of power systems. Accurate power load forecasting not only help users choose a more appropriate electricity consumption scheme and reduces a lot of electric cost expenditure but also is conducive to optimizing the resources of power systems. This advantage helps while improving equipment utilization for reducing the production cost and improving the economic …

Energy Optimization And Coordination Frameworks For Smart Homes Considering Incentives From Discomfort And Market Analysis, Priti Paudyal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The electricity demand is increasing with the growing use of electricity-based appliances in today’s world. The residential sector’s electricity consumption share is also increasing. Demand response (DR) is a typical way to schedule consumers’ energy consumption and help utility to reduce the peak load demand. Residential demand management can contribute to reduce peak electric demand, decrease electricity costs, and maintain grid reliability. Though the demand management has benefits to the utility and the consumers, controlling the consumers electricity consumption provides inconvenience to the consumers. The challenge here is to properly address the customers’ inconvenience to encourage them to participate and …

Incorporating Battery Energy Storage Systems Into Multi-Mw Grid Connected Pv Systems, Vandana Rallabandi, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, Nicholas Jewell, Dan M. Ionel

Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications

This paper analyzes the configuration, design, and operation of multi-MW grid connected solar photovoltaic (PV) systems with practical test cases provided by a 10-MW field development. In order to improve the capacity factor, the PV system operates at its maximum power point during periods of lower irradiance, and the power output is limited to a rated value at high irradiance. The proposed configuration also incorporates a utility scale battery energy storage system (BESS) connected to the grid through an independent inverter and benefits of the experience gained with a 1-MW 2-MWh BESS large demonstrator. The BESS power smoothing and frequency …

Secc Solar Panels Project Summary, Lorenzo Cena, Melanie A. Vile

Sustainability Research & Creative Activities Grants Reports

This project addressed WCU-CAP objective #3.1: “Produce Renewable Energy via Installation of Small-Scale Photovoltaics on Campus.” The newly constructed Science & Engineering Center and Commons (SECC) building with dedicated space for an Environmental Health lab, provided an ideal scenario for designing a basic photovoltaic system which can be expanded in the future. The project involves three phases: PHASE I – Shade Study, PHASE II – System Design, PHASE III – System Installation

Application Of Droop Control And Synchronization For Single-Phase Inverters In Ac Microgrid Integration, Shuai Yang

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

With the increasing requirements on environment-friendly and sustainable clean energy [1], people have paid more attention to renewable energy around the world in the past few decades. As a result, power systems have undergone a paradigm shift from centralized generation to distributed generation. Smart grids, which are a combination of power systems and communication networks, were proposed to allow power systems to meet future challenges. In smart grids, especially in AC microgrids, converters play an important role in many areas including microgrid integration, uninterrupted power supply, and flexible alternating current transmission systems. The inverter is a power conversion device [2] …

Thévenin Equivalent Of Solar Cell Model, Chiedozie Osigwe

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

This thesis considers the problem of determining impedance parameters of a solar cell in operation. Typically, solar cell devices are characterized by the manufacturer using empirical data prior to placing the solar cell in use. There are a number of solar cell degeneration mechanisms that are of interest to measure or detect. Therefore, active measurement of solar cell impedance parameters periodically over time is advantageous. We propose a methodology developed from a Thévenin equivalent model of a typical solar cell. This method allows periodic updating of the solar cell’s parameters which can be used to update the cells characterization and/or …

Techno-Economic And Sustainability Study Of Pv Inverter Controllers In Distribution Networks For Voltage Regulation, Kapil Duwadi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Increasing distributed solar installations in low voltage distribution grids tend to increase the feeder voltage. The rise in voltage is only acceptable to a certain limit, and control strategies are required to keep voltage within defined bounds for equipment safety and system reliability. PV inverter control strategies are cost-effective methods to prevent overvoltage. Different inverter control strategies have different impacts on their techno-economic performance, ultimately affecting their sustainability. An evaluation framework for long-term techno-economic and sustainability analysis of overvoltage prevention methods in PV-rich LV networks is proposed to decide suitable control methods by making use of quasi-steady-state time-series (QSTS) software …

Intra-Day Solar Irradiance Forecasting For Remote Microgrids Using Hidden Markov Model, Abhilasha Bajracharya

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Accurate solar irradiance forecasting is the key to accurate estimation of solar power output at any given time. The accuracy of this information is especially crucial in diesel-PV based remote microgrids with batteries to determine the set points of the batteries and generators for their optimal dispatch. This, in turn, is related directly to the overall operating cost because both an overestimation and an underestimation of the irradiance means additional operating costs for either suddenly ramping up the backup resources or causing under-utilization of the available PV power output. Accurately predicting the solar irradiance is not an easy task because …

Reinforcement Learning And Game Theory For Smart Grid Security, Shuva Paul

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation focuses on one of the most critical and complicated challenges facing electric power transmission and distribution systems which is their vulnerability against failure and attacks. Large scale power outages in Australia (2016), Ukraine (2015), India (2013), Nigeria (2018), and the United States (2011, 2003) have demonstrated the vulnerability of power grids to cyber and physical attacks and failures. These incidents clearly indicate the necessity of extensive research efforts to protect the power system from external intrusion and to reduce the damages from post-attack effects. We analyze the vulnerability of smart power grids to cyber and physical attacks and …

Series Compensation To Increase Power Flow: A Case Study On The Irish Transmission System, Aidan Heffernan, Jane Courtney

Conference papers

Ireland presents an interesting case study for transmission network strengthening. The majority of load in the country is located at the nation's capital, Dublin, in the East, while most of the new conventional generation and renewable generation are found in the South-West. Power is transferred between the two via a 400 kV network. This leads to large cross- country power flows. This power distribution disparity is due to increase. A large thermal generating station which is connected to the 400 kV system in the West, will close by 2025. This generation will be replaced partially with wind generation in the …

Reliability Issues Caused By The Retirement Of Large Thermal Generation Facilities: An Irish Case Study, Kyle Lawson, Jane Courtney

Conference papers

Like all developed countries Ireland faces increasing pressure to reduce their carbon footprint. Part of the governments plans include the scaling back of fossil fuel generation facilities and increasing renewable resources. Moneypoint is Irelands only coal fired generation station. In 2025 Moneypoint is due to reach the end of its life cycle. At this point the Irish government will have to make a decission on the future of the generation facility. Currently Moneypoint is responsible for the generation of approximately 10 % of Irelands energy needs. In this paper, the removal of Moneypoint from the Irish generation portfolio will be …

Urban Runoff And Energy Recovery, Dimitri Porter

Research Opportunities for Engineering Undergraduates (ROEU) Program 2018-19

This project seeks to determine whether microturbines can operate with low flow and low head conditions typically found in urban runoff, and how much power microturbines can generate under these conditions.

Optimization Of Pv Powered Spd Switchable Glazing To Minimise Probability Of Loss Of Power Supply, Aritra Ghosh, Brian Norton

Articles

Suspended particle device (SPD) glazing is an electrically actuated switchable glazing. It requires alternate current (AC) power supply to switch from opaque to transparent state. To power this glazing using PV device requires inverter. Optimization of AC powered switchable SPD glazing using photovoltaic (PV) device has been evaluated using loss of power supply probability (LPSP). Electrically switchable direct current (DC) powered electrochromic glazing was also considered in this investigation as it doesn't need any inverter to couple with PV. It is concluded that behaviour of these glazings is the dominant factor in performance optimization outweighting than azimuthal orientation and inclination …

Photovoltaic Supplied T-Type Three- Phase Inverter With Harmonic Current Compensation Capability, Zahera Batool, Samet Biricik, Hasan Komurcugil, Tuan Ngo, Tuyen V. Vu

Conference papers

In this paper, a T-Type grid-connected inverter with harmonic current compensation capability is proposed and studied for the on-grid photovoltaic (PV) systems. This idea is based on the modification of the existing photovoltaic inverter control algorithm with the adaptation of active power filter control algorithm. The grid-connected PV inverter has similar topology and control methods as that of the active power filter systems. However, such multifunctional inverters have not yet matured for commercial use and call for more research. In this work, a conventional phase locked-loop algorithm is used to determine the angular position of the synchronous reference of the …

Analyzing The Impact Of Biofuel Industry On Thailand’S Economy Based On Input-Output Model, Thipruedee Limchaikit

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This research tries to examine the impact of the biofuel industry focusing on ethanol and biodiesel on Thailand's economy. It uses input-output analysis. In the past 10 years, Thailand's Alternate Energy Development Plan (AEDP) has played a significant role in launching policies and promoting the biofuel industry. The plan focuses on increasing internal energy security by increasing the use of alternate sources of energy which is a perfect replacement for the importation of fuels. However, the main challenge is price competitiveness which requires subsidization to sustain its market in the industry. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to …

Data-Driven Test Cases For Sustainability Assessment Of Smart Grid Initiatives In Organized Electricity Markets, Venkat Durvasulu

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The primary aim of this dissertation is to deliver a technique to augment power system test cases with realistic open-source data to represent a deregulated power system. These test cases are intended to be used by power system researchers who require a test case that is capable of performing economic and environmental analysis on a bulk-power level. These test cases are capable of estimating the cost of bulk-energy for economic analysis and harmful greenhouse gas (GHG) and air polluting (AP) emissions for environmental sustainability analysis. These cases are developed for simulations that are intended to be at the transmission level …

Development Of Multiport Single Stage Bidirectional Converter For Photovoltaic And Energy Storage Integration, Amit Bhattacharjee

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The energy market is on the verge of a paradigm shift as the emergence of renewable energy sources over traditional fossil fuel based energy supply has started to become cost competitive and viable. Unfortunately, most of the attractive renewable sources come with inherent challenges such as: intermittency and unreliability. This is problematic for today's stable, day ahead market based power system. Fortunately, it is well established that energy storage devices can compensate for renewable sources shortcomings. This makes the integration of energy storage with the renewable energy sources, one of the biggest challenges of modern distributed generation solution. This work …

Design Of Unimorph Out-Of-Plane Piezoelectric Actuator, Kevin Chan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Electromechanical transduction is an important component of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), a technology with wide-ranging applications, including mobile computing, sensors, energy harvesting, and displays. These disparate applications have varying performance requirements, but generally transduction efficiency, mechanical precision, response time, cost, compatibility with photolithography and other fabrication processes, and operability at micro-scale are all desired metrics for MEMS devices. Piezoelectric transduction provides substantial advantages, including precise displacements, quick response times, and high transduction efficiency. These strengths make piezoelectric transduction particularly well-suited for use in resonators, sensors, and energy harvesters. However, piezoelectric transduction also produces much smaller magnitudes of movements than other electromechanical …

On-Chip Esd Protection Design: Optimized Clamps, Linfeng He

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The extensive use of Integrated Circuits (ICs) means complex working conditions for these tiny chips. To guarantee the ICs could work properly in various environments, some special protection strategies are required to improve the reliability of system. From all the possible reliability issues, the electrostatics discharge (ESD) might be the most common one. The peak current of electrostatics can be as high as tens of amperes and the peak voltage can be over thousand voltages. In contrast, the size of semiconductor device fabricated is continuing to scale down, making it even more vulnerable to high level overstress and current surge …

Optimal Power Flow Control Of Networked Dc Microgrids, Eddy H. Trinklein

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The US military is moving toward the electrification of many weapon systems and platforms. Advanced weapon systems such as high energy radar, electro-magnetic kinetic weapons and directed energy pose significant integration challenges due to their pulsed power electrical load profile. Additionally, the weapons platforms, including ships, aircraft, and vehicles can be studied as a mobile microgrids with multiple generation sources, loads, and energy storage. There is also a desire to extend the mission profile and capabilities of these systems. Common goals are to increase fuel efficiency, maintaining system stability, and reduce energy storage size as typically required to enable pulsed …

การประเมินประสิทธิภาพพลังงานหลังการเข้าใช้งานของอาคารประหยัดพลังงานที่ได้รับรางวัลตามเกณฑ์ Leed 2009, ยศยา ภัทรภูมีมิตร

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ในการขอการรับรองการเป็นอาคารประหยัดพลังงานจากองค์กรด้านสิ่งแวดล้อม มีตั้งแต่การทำตามข้อกำหนดขององค์กรในขั้นตอนการออกแบบ มีการประเมินว่าอาคารที่ออกแบบมีค่าการประหยัดพลังงานเท่าไหร่ รวมถึงการตรวจสอบวัสดุและทดสอบระบบในช่วงการก่อสร้างแล้วเสร็จ ว่าอาคารยังสามารถประหยัดพลังงานได้ตามที่องค์กรรับรองไว้หรือไม่ แต่ยังไม่มีการตรวจสอบไปถึงการประเมินค่าการประหยัดพลังงานของอาคารจากโปรแกรมคำนวณตั้งต้นว่ามีความคลาดเคลื่อนมากน้อยเพียงใด เมื่อเปรียบเทียบกับค่าการใช้พลังงานที่เกิดขึ้นจริงของอาคารหลังการเข้าอยู่อาศัย งานวิจัยนี้ได้ทำการศึกษาหาตัวแปรความแตกต่างและเปรียบเทียบค่าการใช้พลังงานรวมของอาคารระหว่างการประเมินค่าการใช้พลังงานของอาคารโดย LEED ซึ่งใช้โปแกรม Energy Plus ในการคำนวณ เปรียบเทียบกับการคำนวณโดยโปรแกรม BEC และค่าการใช้พลังงานจริงของอาคารจากใบเสร็จชำระเงินค่าไฟฟ้า พบว่าตัวแปรที่มีผลต่อการคำนวณค่าการใช้พลังงานของอาคารระหว่างโปรแกรม Energy Plus และโปรแกรม BEC คือการระบุพื้นที่ใช้งานของอาคารที่ไม่เท่ากันและตัวแปรที่ไม่สามารถเปลี่ยนแปลงค่าได้ของโปรแกรม BEC ที่ถูกกำหนดไว้ตามการเลือกประเภทของอาคารคือ ชั่วโมงการใช้งาน จำนวนผู้ใช้อาคาร อัตราการระบายอากาศ และค่าความต้านทานความร้อนของฟิล์มอากาศด้านนอก ทั้งยังมีส่วนที่โปรแกรม BEC ไม่สามารถระบุค่าได้เทียบเท่ากับโปแกรม Energy Plus คือการกำหนดสภาพแวดล้อมภายนอกอาคารและสภาพภูมิอากาศ ต่อมาเมื่อทำการพิจารณาค่าการใช้พลังงานรวมของอาคาร พบว่าการทำนายค่าการใช้พลังงานรวมของอาคารจาก LEED มีค่าความแตกต่างจากค่าการใช้พลังงานจริงมากกว่าการคำนวณจากโปรแกรม BEC อาจเกิดจากค่าตัวเลขของตัวแปรที่ใช้ในการป้อนเข้ามีความคลาดเคลื่อนไปจากค่าการใช้งานจริง

Study Of Factors Affecting Distribution System Pv Hosting Capacity, Fanxun Li

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

As renewable energy plays an increasingly important role in the power system, the addition of PV systems to the distribution network has become a major trend in the current power system development. However, if a PV system with excessive capacity is added to the distribution network, voltage problems may occur in the system. Hence, it is important to determine the capacity of the PV system that can be added at the distribution system.

The thesis aims to identify the major factors that affect the PV hosting capacity of distribution systems. The thesis studies various scenarios for the IEEE-123 test network …

Energy Intensity As An Ecological Factor In The Selection Of The Manufacturing Process, Artur Soroczyński, Roman Haratym, Krzystof Rechowicz

VMASC Publications

The article presents the analysis of the implementation of selected elements of car transport in the aspect of ecology. The basic issue that affects the protection of the environment (ecology) is the value of energy intensity in the manufacture of products. The elements made in the production process of plastic mouldings were compared. The amount of energy in kJ needed to produce 1 kg of a given product was estimated. Next, the dependencies between the value of computational energy intensity and the emission of gases affecting the environment of CO₂, SO₂, NO_x were presented. As …

A Blockchain-Enabled Peer-To-Peer Energy Trading Platform For Managing Complex Exchange Of Kilowatt-Hours And Negawatts, Murat Kuzlu, Rasheq Rahman, Jason Lin

Engineering Technology Faculty Publications

Under the Department of Energy’s STTR funding, BEM Controls LLC performed research from July 2, 2018 to April 1, 2019. The purpose of this research was to design, develop and demonstrate the technical feasibility of the blockchain enabled energy trading platform for managing complex exchange of kilowatt hours and negawatts. The energy trading platform was developed in the open-source HyperLedger Fabric blockchain framework and the performance of the blockchain network was evaluated. Key research findings and results include (1) the successful design and development of an open-architecture blockchain-based energy trading platform able to execute smart contract transactions across eight use …

Optical And Electrical Analysis Of Zno/Znte Micropillar Solar Cells, Sadia Binte Sohid

Master’s Theses

The prime focus of the energy-research community in recent times has been replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy. Therefore, photovoltaic research areas are rapidly expanding in this era. The purpose of this work is to compare three different structural ZnO/ZnTe solar cell types (planar, axial micropillar and radial micropillar). The best optical and electrical performance has been obtained by the radial junction (core-shell) ZnO/ZnTe micropillar solar cell due to its pillar structure and radial junction. The unique advantage of the radial junction micropillar is that the angle of the incident light and the carrier collection is orthogonal. Therefore, the pillar …