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Articles 31 - 60 of 93
Full-Text Articles in Power and Energy
An Overview Of Methods And A New Three-Dimensional Fea And Analytical Hybrid Technique For Calculating Ac Winding Losses In Pm Machines, Narges Taran, Dan M. Ionel, Vandana Rallabandi, Greg Heins, Dean Patterson
An Overview Of Methods And A New Three-Dimensional Fea And Analytical Hybrid Technique For Calculating Ac Winding Losses In Pm Machines, Narges Taran, Dan M. Ionel, Vandana Rallabandi, Greg Heins, Dean Patterson
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
This article proposes a new hybrid analytical and numerical finite element (FE) based method for calculating ac eddy current losses in wire windings and demonstrates its applicability for axial flux permanent magnet electric machines. The method takes into account three-dimensional (3-D) field effects in order to achieve accurate results and yet greatly reduce computational efforts. The new 3-D FE-based method is advantageous as it employs minimum simplifications and considers the end turns in the eddy current path, the magnetic flux density variation along the effective length of coils, and the field fringing and leakage, which ultimately increases the accuracy of …
Design Optimization And Comparison Of Direct-Drive Outer-Rotor Srms Based On Fast Current Profile Estimation And Transient Fea, Vandana Rallabandi, Peng Han, Jie Wu, Aaron M. Cramer, Dan M. Ionel, Ping Zhou
Design Optimization And Comparison Of Direct-Drive Outer-Rotor Srms Based On Fast Current Profile Estimation And Transient Fea, Vandana Rallabandi, Peng Han, Jie Wu, Aaron M. Cramer, Dan M. Ionel, Ping Zhou
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
Outer-rotor switched reluctance machines (SRMs) have drawn much attention as promising candidates for in-wheel direct-drive motors of future electric vehicles. This article presents a systematic performance comparison of three outer-rotor SRM topologies for in-wheel traction applications in terms of the specific torque, electromagnetic efficiency, torque ripple, radial force, and mechanical aspects. A generalized design optimization framework for SRMs is proposed to enable the fast evaluation of large numbers of designs generated from the differential evolution by incorporating an analytical current profile estimation into the transient finite element analysis. The relationship between the saliency ratio and converter volt-ampere rating is also …
Evaluation Of Bearing Voltage Reduction In Electric Machines By Using Insulated Shaft And Bearings, Peng Han, Greg Heins, Dean Patterson, Mark Theile, Dan M. Ionel
Evaluation Of Bearing Voltage Reduction In Electric Machines By Using Insulated Shaft And Bearings, Peng Han, Greg Heins, Dean Patterson, Mark Theile, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
Bearing voltages and corresponding currents in electric machines driven by pulse width modulation (PWM) converters with fast switching and high dv/dt can cause premature bearing failures. This paper evaluates the bearing voltage reduction by using insulated shafts and bearings. An equivalent circuit representation of electric machines taking into account high-frequency effects is developed to show the production mechanism of bearing voltage, based on which simulations are performed with detailed finite element models for transient and simplified equivalent circuit for steady-state analysis. The steady-state equivalent circuit is then calibrated, by combined numerical calculations and experimental measurements, and used to predict the …
Electric Drives With Wide Bandgap Devices For Two-Phase Very Low Inductance Machines, Yibin Zhang, Damien Lawhorn, Peng Han, Aaron M. Cramer, Dan M. Ionel
Electric Drives With Wide Bandgap Devices For Two-Phase Very Low Inductance Machines, Yibin Zhang, Damien Lawhorn, Peng Han, Aaron M. Cramer, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
Slotless and coreless machines with low inductance and low core losses are attractive for high speed and high power density applications. With the increase in fundamental frequency, typical drive implementations using conventional silicon-based devices are performance limited and also produce large current and torque ripples. This paper presents a systematic study of proposed drive configurations implemented with wide bandgap (WBG) devices in order to mitigate such issues for 2-phase very low inductance machines. Two inverter topologies, i.e., a dual H-bridge inverter with maximum redundancy and survivability and a 3-leg inverter for reduced cost, are considered. Feasible modulation schemes are derived …
Optimal Study Of A High Specific Torque Vernier-Type Axial-Flux Pm Machine With Two Different Stators And A Single Winding, Murat G. Kesgin, Peng Han, Narges Taran, Dan M. Ionel
Optimal Study Of A High Specific Torque Vernier-Type Axial-Flux Pm Machine With Two Different Stators And A Single Winding, Murat G. Kesgin, Peng Han, Narges Taran, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
This paper presents the optimal study of a verniertype axial-flux permanent-magnet (AFPM) machine, which has a high-polarity spoke-type PM rotor, a wound stator with a low number of coils, and a profiled stator. Both stators have profiled teeth to enhance the magnetic interaction between the rotor PM array and stator windings for torque production. Compared to the topology with two wound stators, the studied one has a smaller total axial length and is expected more suitable for applications where the space is limited in axial direction. Both topologies are optimized through 3-dimensional (3D) finite element analysis (FEA) by the combined …
Demand Response Of Hvacs In Large Residential Communities Based On Experimental Developments, Huangjie Gong, Evan S. Jones, Rosemary E. Alden, Andrew G. Frye, Donald G. Colliver, Dan M. Ionel
Demand Response Of Hvacs In Large Residential Communities Based On Experimental Developments, Huangjie Gong, Evan S. Jones, Rosemary E. Alden, Andrew G. Frye, Donald G. Colliver, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
Heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems contribute the largest electricity usage for a residential community. Modeling of the HVAC systems facilitate the study of demand response (DR) at both the residential and the power system level. In this paper, the equivalent thermal model of a reference house was proposed. Parameters for the reference house were determined based on the systematic study of experimental data obtained from fully instrumented field demonstrators. The aggregated HVAC load was modeled based on the reference house while considering a realistic distribution of HVAC parameters derived from data that was provided by one of the largest …
Electric Power System Studies For A Multi-Mw Pv Farm And Large Rural Community With Net Zero Energy And Microgrid Capabilities, Evan S. Jones, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, Keith Waters, Dan M. Ionel
Electric Power System Studies For A Multi-Mw Pv Farm And Large Rural Community With Net Zero Energy And Microgrid Capabilities, Evan S. Jones, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, Keith Waters, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are currently being deployed at an accelerated rate because of their cost-competitiveness and environmental benefits, which make them a prime candidate for local renewable energy generation in communities. Microgrids can help accommodate for the problems that accompany PV systems, such as intermittency due to weather, by coordinating different distributed energy resources (DERs), while islanded or by drawing power from the utility while in grid-connected mode. An islanding option is also important for resilience and grid fault mitigation, even if other DERs are not present within the system. This paper studies the potential benefits that a multi-MW …
Survey Of Dc-Dc Non-Isolated Topologies For Unidirectional Power Flow In Fuel Cell Vehicles, Mahajan Sagar Bhaskar, Vigna K. Ramachandaramurthy, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Frede Blaabjerg, Dan M. Ionel, Massimo Mitolo, Dhafer Almakhles
Survey Of Dc-Dc Non-Isolated Topologies For Unidirectional Power Flow In Fuel Cell Vehicles, Mahajan Sagar Bhaskar, Vigna K. Ramachandaramurthy, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Frede Blaabjerg, Dan M. Ionel, Massimo Mitolo, Dhafer Almakhles
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
The automobile companies are focusing on recent technologies such as growing Hydrogen (H2) and Fuel Cell (FC) Vehicular Power Train (VPT) to improve the Tank-To-Wheel (TTW) efficiency. Benefits, the lower cost, `Eco' friendly, zero-emission and high-power capacity, etc. In the power train of fuel cell vehicles, the DC-DC power converters play a vital role to boost the fuel cell stack voltage. Hence, satisfy the demand of the motor and transmission in the vehicles. Several DC-DC converter topologies have proposed for various vehicular applications like fuel cell, battery, and renewable energy fed hybrid vehicles etc. Most cases, the DC-DC power converters …
Lstm Forecasts For Smart Home Electricity Usage, Rosemary E. Alden, Huangjie Gong, Cristinel Ababei, Dan M. Ionel
Lstm Forecasts For Smart Home Electricity Usage, Rosemary E. Alden, Huangjie Gong, Cristinel Ababei, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
With increasing of distributed energy resources deployment behind-the-meter and of the power system levels, more attention is being placed on electric load and generation forecasting or prediction for individual residences. While prediction with machine learning based approaches of aggregated power load, at the substation or community levels, has been relatively successful, the problem of prediction of power of individual houses remains a largely open problem. This problem is harder due to the increased variability and uncertainty in user consumption behavior, which make individual residence power traces be more erratic and less predictable. In this paper, we present an investigation of …
The Effect Of High Efficiency Building Technologies And Pv Generation On The Energy Profiles For Typical Us Residences, Evan S. Jones, Rosemary E. Alden, Huangjie Gong, Andrew G. Frye, Donald G. Colliver, Dan M. Ionel
The Effect Of High Efficiency Building Technologies And Pv Generation On The Energy Profiles For Typical Us Residences, Evan S. Jones, Rosemary E. Alden, Huangjie Gong, Andrew G. Frye, Donald G. Colliver, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
The penetrations of high efficiency technologies and photovoltaic (PV) generation are increasing in the residential sector. Technologies such as improved insulation and efficient HVAC systems significantly affect the energy profile of a house. This effect varies due to climate characteristics, i.e. temperature, solar radiation, relative humidity, and wind speeds. The effect of other technologies, such as efficient water heaters, lighting, or kitchen appliances, is mainly governed by human behavior, which may be represented by a schedule. This paper studies the performance of both climate-influenced and scheduled household devices among different levels of efficiency through combined computational and experimental methods. Three …
On The Feasibility Of Electrification For Large Mobile Cranes, Donovin Lewis, Damien Lawhorn, Dan M. Ionel
On The Feasibility Of Electrification For Large Mobile Cranes, Donovin Lewis, Damien Lawhorn, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
Trends towards vehicle electrification to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and increase drive train efficiency have led vehicle manufacturers to seek out paths towards gradual hybridization. For heavy duty construction vehicles, electrification consists of two principle components: electric hybridization of the vehicle carrier and the vehicle's auxiliary function. Economic and physical feasibility for the transition to electrical replacements for critical system components is important for the gradual development of electrified systems. In this paper, we present an investigation into multiple pathways for the hybridization of mobile cranes paired with simulations that analyze the feasibility of system electrification. ADVISOR was used …
An Aggregated And Equivalent Home Model For Power System Studies With Examples Of Building Insulation And Hvac Control Improvements, Huangjie Gong, Evan S. Jones, Dan M. Ionel
An Aggregated And Equivalent Home Model For Power System Studies With Examples Of Building Insulation And Hvac Control Improvements, Huangjie Gong, Evan S. Jones, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
Introducing new technologies into existing residences provides opportunities for the utility to enhance a community's power system performance. To validate the benefits of such technologies, an energy model is required in which their integration with a community's power system may be simulated. It can be difficult or impossible to properly model a power system without sufficient sample data. This paper proposes a method that uses Gaussian kernel density estimation (GKDE) to calculate the aggregated net power flow of a community's distribution system with only limited sample points at each time step. Example case studies that confirm the usefulness of the …
Dynamic Modeling And Optimal Design For Net Zero Energy Houses Including Hybrid Electric And Thermal Energy Storage, Huangjie Gong, Vandana Rallabandi, Dan M. Ionel, Donald G. Colliver, Shaun Duerr, Cristinel Ababei
Dynamic Modeling And Optimal Design For Net Zero Energy Houses Including Hybrid Electric And Thermal Energy Storage, Huangjie Gong, Vandana Rallabandi, Dan M. Ionel, Donald G. Colliver, Shaun Duerr, Cristinel Ababei
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
Net zero energy (NZE) houses purchase zero net metered electricity from the grid over a year. Technical challenges brought forth by NZE homes are related to the intermittent nature of solar generation, and are due to the fact that peak solar generation and load are not coincident. This leads to a large rate of change of load, and in case of high PV penetration communities, often requires the installation of gas power plants to service this variability. This paper proposes a hybrid energy storage system including batteries and a variable power electric water heater which enables the NZE homes to …
A Network Graph Technique For The Design Of Electric Aircraft Power Systems, Damien Lawhorn, Vandana Rallabandi, Dan M. Ionel
A Network Graph Technique For The Design Of Electric Aircraft Power Systems, Damien Lawhorn, Vandana Rallabandi, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
Today the electrification of flight is more popular than ever, creating a wide array of concept aircraft and associated power system topologies. In order to gain insights into benefits of these varying architectures, this paper introduces the development of a framework for electric aircraft power system (EAPS) optimization. The proposed framework accepts inputs from a designer in the form of component parameters and desired flight mission characteristics. A collective graph representing many architectures is formed, from which, subgraphs or power system topologies meeting the flight requirements are extracted and analyzed. An optimum topology meeting the flight requirements with minimum mass, …
Optimization Of Aggregated Ev Power In Residential Communities With Smart Homes, Huangjie Gong, Dan M. Ionel
Optimization Of Aggregated Ev Power In Residential Communities With Smart Homes, Huangjie Gong, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
Electric vehicles (EVs) tend to increase peak power for residences in the evening when house owners return home and begin charging. The aggregated EV charging demand can cause a sudden rise in the peak power at the distribution system level, resulting in a “dragon curve” Such phenomenon, combined with the “duck curve” that is caused by high photovoltaic (PV) penetration in residential communities, requires fast ramping rates and expanded capabilities for local distribution transformers and main feeder cables provided by the utility. As a solution, a residential energy storage system (RESS) can store surplus PV generation during midday and use …
Analysis And Investigation Of Hybrid Dc–Dc Non-Isolated And Non-Inverting Nx Interleaved Multilevel Boost Converter (Nx-Imbc) For High Voltage Step-Up Applications: Hardware Implementation, Mahajan Sagar Bhaskar, Dhafer J. Almakhles, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Frede Blaabjerg, Umashankar Subramaniam, Dan M. Ionel
Analysis And Investigation Of Hybrid Dc–Dc Non-Isolated And Non-Inverting Nx Interleaved Multilevel Boost Converter (Nx-Imbc) For High Voltage Step-Up Applications: Hardware Implementation, Mahajan Sagar Bhaskar, Dhafer J. Almakhles, Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Frede Blaabjerg, Umashankar Subramaniam, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
In significant cases, the generated voltage needs to be step-up with high conversion ratio by using the DC-DC converter as per the requirement of the load. The drawbacks of traditional boost converter are it required high rating semiconductor devices and have high input current ripple, low efficiency, and reverse recovery voltage of the diodes. Recently, the family of Multilevel Boost Converter suggested and suitable configuration to overcome the above drawbacks. In this article, hybrid DC-DC non-isolated and non-inverting Nx Interleaved Multilevel Boost Converter (Nx-IMBC) is analyzed in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM) and Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) with boundary condition and …
The Design And Analysis Of Large Solar Pv Farm Configurations With Dc Connected Battery Systems, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, Vandana Rallabandi, Nicholas Jewell, Dan M. Ionel
The Design And Analysis Of Large Solar Pv Farm Configurations With Dc Connected Battery Systems, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, Vandana Rallabandi, Nicholas Jewell, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
Typically, solar inverters curtail or “clip” the available power from the PV system when it exceeds the maximum ac capacity. This paper discusses a battery system connected to the dc-link of an inverter to recuperate this PV energy. Contrary to conventional approaches, which employ two dc-dc converters, one each for the battery and solar PV system, the proposed configuration utilizes a single dc-dc converter capable of simultaneously operating as a charge controller and a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) tracking device. In addition to improving the overall system capacity factor, increasing the conversion efficiencies and ensuring MPPT stability, the proposed …
Evaluating The Effects Of Electric And Magnetic Loading On The Performance Of Single And Double Rotor Axial Flux Pm Machines, Narges Taran, Greg Heins, Vandana Rallabandi, Dean Patterson, Dan M. Ionel
Evaluating The Effects Of Electric And Magnetic Loading On The Performance Of Single And Double Rotor Axial Flux Pm Machines, Narges Taran, Greg Heins, Vandana Rallabandi, Dean Patterson, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
Axial flux PM (AFPM) machines are used particularly in applications requiring a compact structure. Their disc shape topology and axial air-gap have led to a variety of configurations including two popular ones: the yokeless and segmented armature (YASA), and the single-stator single rotor or single sided machine. In this study, a comprehensive comparative analysis of these configurations is conducted at different magnetic and electric loadings. It is found that at lower loadings, typically employed for air-cooled machines, the torque/ampere characteristics of the YASA machine are almost identical to those of a single sided machine constructed with half the magnet volume. …
Systematically Exploring The Effects Of Pole Count On The Performance And Cost Limits Of Ultrahigh Efficiency Fractional Hp Axial Flux Pm Machines, Narges Taran, Vandana Rallabandi, Greg Heins, Dan M. Ionel
Systematically Exploring The Effects Of Pole Count On The Performance And Cost Limits Of Ultrahigh Efficiency Fractional Hp Axial Flux Pm Machines, Narges Taran, Vandana Rallabandi, Greg Heins, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
Optimizing the design of electric machines is a vital step in ensuring the economical use of active materials. The three-dimensional (3-D) flux paths in axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machines necessitate the use of computationally expensive 3-D electromagnetic analysis. Furthermore, a large number of design evaluations is required to find the optimum, causing the total computation time to be excessively long. In view of this, a two-level surrogate assisted algorithm capable of handling such expensive optimization problems is introduced, which substantially reduces the number of finite element analysis (FEA) evaluations to less than 200 while conventional algorithms require thousands of …
Overview Of Flywheel Systems For Renewable Energy Storage With A Design Study For High-Speed Axial-Flux Permanent-Magnet Machines, Murat G. Kesgin, Peng Han, Narges Taran, Dan M. Ionel
Overview Of Flywheel Systems For Renewable Energy Storage With A Design Study For High-Speed Axial-Flux Permanent-Magnet Machines, Murat G. Kesgin, Peng Han, Narges Taran, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
Flywheel energy storage is considered in this paper for grid integration of renewable energy sources due to its inherent advantages of fast response, long cycle life and flexibility in providing ancillary services to the grid, such as frequency regulation, voltage support, etc. The fundamentals of the technology and recent developments are reviewed, firstly with an emphasis on the design considerations and performance metrics. Then the progress and development trends in electric motor/generators employed in flywheel energy storage systems (FESS) are summarized, showing the potential of axial-flux permanent-magnet (AFPM) machines in such applications. Design examples of high-speed AFPM machines are provided …
Optimal Combinations Of Utility Level Renewable Generators For A Net Zero Energy Microgrid Considering Different Utility Charge Rates, Evan S. Jones, Huangjie Gong, Dan M. Ionel
Optimal Combinations Of Utility Level Renewable Generators For A Net Zero Energy Microgrid Considering Different Utility Charge Rates, Evan S. Jones, Huangjie Gong, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
High initial investment and the intermittent nature of resources are major challenges for large scale renewable generation. The size of photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbine (WT) farms in the microgrid needs optimized to avoid curtailment and to efficiently meet the demand of a power system. Battery energy storage systems (BESSs) may also be used to improve flexibility. This paper explores the optimal sizing for PV and wind generators, as well as a BESS at the utility level for a large grid-connected net zero energy (NZE) hybrid microgrid considering characteristics such as initial investment, levelized cost of energy (LCOE), operating costs, …
Smart Plug And Circuit Breaker Technologies For Residential Buildings In The Us, Rosemary E. Alden, Peng Han, Dan M. Ionel
Smart Plug And Circuit Breaker Technologies For Residential Buildings In The Us, Rosemary E. Alden, Peng Han, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
A significant proportion of the total energy in conventional homes across the United States is used by electric plug loads, which include various electronic devices and home appliances, excluding the heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) units and electric water heaters. Considerable energy savings are expected to be possible by managing these plug loads effectively based on user behavior data. Smart plugs and circuit breakers that can control and monitor energy usage on a real-time basis are becoming increasingly popular alongside the rapid development of smart home energy management. This paper reviews the recent advances on the subject matter with …
Systematic Comparison Of Two Axial Flux Pm Machine Topologies: Yokeless And Segmented Armature Versus Single Sided, Narges Taran, Greg Heins, Vandana Rallabandi, Dean Patterson, Dan M. Ionel
Systematic Comparison Of Two Axial Flux Pm Machine Topologies: Yokeless And Segmented Armature Versus Single Sided, Narges Taran, Greg Heins, Vandana Rallabandi, Dean Patterson, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
This paper systematically compares two axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) machines designed for a university student racing car application: a double-rotor single-stator yokeless and segmented armature (YASA) structure, and a single- stator single-rotor configuration. Both machines are optimized for minimum loss and active weight using 3D finite element analysis and the highest performing candidate designs are compared in more detail. The studies indicate that the benefits offered by the YASA configuration over the single-stator single-rotor machine are achieved only for specific designs that are heavier. For the design space with lower mass, albeit with increased losses, the Pareto front designs …
Axial-Field Vernier-Type Flux Modulation Machines For Low-Speed Direct-Drive Applications, Vandana Rallabandi, Peng Han, Murat G. Kesgin, Narges Taran, Dan M. Ionel
Axial-Field Vernier-Type Flux Modulation Machines For Low-Speed Direct-Drive Applications, Vandana Rallabandi, Peng Han, Murat G. Kesgin, Narges Taran, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
This paper proposes different configurations of axial-field machines featuring a very large ratio of the number of rotor poles to stator teeth and coils suitable for low-speed direct-drive traction applications. The machines have a single rotor with spoke-type permanent magnets and the stator teeth include auxiliary slots, the function of which is to enhance the high-polarity component of the stator magnetomotive force interacting with the rotor to produce a net torque. The machines can be constructed with three or two phases, in which case they inherently exhibit high tolerance to faults due to the combined effect of a lack of …
On The Control Of A Solid State Transformer For Multi-Mw Utility-Scale Pv-Battery Systems, Yibin Zhang, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, Jiangbiao He, Dan M. Ionel
On The Control Of A Solid State Transformer For Multi-Mw Utility-Scale Pv-Battery Systems, Yibin Zhang, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, Jiangbiao He, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
The utility-scale photovoltaic (PV)-battery systems typically include multiple power converters connected to the grid via traditional line frequency transformers (LFT), which may be considered bulky, and inefficient when compared with the emerging solid state transformers (SST). This paper proposes a SST with power and voltage controls for utility-scale PV-battery systems. The PV system was modeled based on available data from a universal solar facility located in Kentucky, USA. Furthermore, this paper provides detailed controller designs for the proposed utility-scale PV-battery system based on a SST which includes: the PV-side dual-active bridge (DAB) converter tracks the maximum power point, the PV …
A Hybrid Analytical And Fe-Based Method For Calculating Ac Eddy Current Winding Losses Taking 3d Effects Into Account, Narges Taran, Dan M. Ionel
A Hybrid Analytical And Fe-Based Method For Calculating Ac Eddy Current Winding Losses Taking 3d Effects Into Account, Narges Taran, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
This paper proposes a new hybrid analytical and numerical FE-based method for calculating ac eddy current losses in wire windings and demonstrates its applicability for axial flux electric machines. The method takes into account 3D field effects in order to achieve accurate results and yet greatly reduce computational efforts. It is also shown that hybrid methods based on 2D FE models, which require semi-empirical correction factors, may over-estimate the eddy current losses. The new 3D FE-based method is advantageous as it employs minimum simplifications and considers the end turns in the eddy current path, the magnetic flux density variation along …
Measurement And Estimation Of The Equivalent Circuit Parameters For Multi-Mw Battery Systems, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, Vandana Rallabandi, Nicholas Jewell, Dan M. Ionel
Measurement And Estimation Of The Equivalent Circuit Parameters For Multi-Mw Battery Systems, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, Vandana Rallabandi, Nicholas Jewell, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
This paper proposes and validates through simulations and measurements, a procedure for the determining the equivalent circuit parameters of large utility-scale batteries. It is considered that a large battery includes multiple cells connected in series and parallel, and therefore, its equivalent circuit can be represented as a series-parallel network of state of charge (SOC) dependent resistors and capacitors. Tests for determining these equivalent circuit parameters are proposed. These tests involve subjecting the battery energy storage system (BESS) to multiple charge and discharge cycles, while monitoring the terminal voltage and current response. A method for post-processing and analyzing the measurements in …
On The Optimal Energy Controls For Large Scale Residential Communities Including Smart Homes, Huangjie Gong, Vandana Rallabandi, Michael L. Mcintyre, Dan M. Ionel
On The Optimal Energy Controls For Large Scale Residential Communities Including Smart Homes, Huangjie Gong, Vandana Rallabandi, Michael L. Mcintyre, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
Residences with smart home energy management (HEM) systems and solar generation are modifying domestic load profiles. Moreover, the growing penetration of solar photovoltaic (PV) energy brings the total net power demand further down as houses become local generators. High PV penetration introduces technical challenges for the power system including the "duck curve". This paper proposes a co-simulation framework for high PV penetration smart energy communities which allows the simultaneous simulation of home energy consumption along with control algorithms for each house, as well as system power flow. Models are developed and presented for one of the largest rural field demonstrators …
Modeling And Simulation Of A Utility-Scale Battery Energy Storage System, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, Vandana Rallabandi, Nicholas Jewell, Dan M. Ionel
Modeling And Simulation Of A Utility-Scale Battery Energy Storage System, Oluwaseun M. Akeyo, Vandana Rallabandi, Nicholas Jewell, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
This paper presents the modeling and simulation study of a utility-scale MW level Li-ion based battery energy storage system (BESS). A runtime equivalent circuit model, including the terminal voltage variation as a function of the state of charge and current, connected to a bidirectional power conversion system (PCS), was developed based on measurements from an operational utility-scale battery demonstrator. The accelerated response of the battery unit was verified by pulse discharging it from maximum to minimum SOC and its application for grid resiliency was demonstrated through an example droop control frequency response. For the purpose of validating the equivalent BESS …
Load Variation Reduction By Aggregation In A Community Of Rooftop Pv Residences, Huangjie Gong, Vandana Rallabandi, Dan M. Ionel
Load Variation Reduction By Aggregation In A Community Of Rooftop Pv Residences, Huangjie Gong, Vandana Rallabandi, Dan M. Ionel
Power and Energy Institute of Kentucky Faculty Publications
This paper performs computational studies and develops control schemes for a virtual power plant (VPP) network formed by a community of homes with rooftop solar PV generation, and battery energy storage. Appropriate control and scheduling of the battery operations, and peer-peer power flow between the homes provide a possible solutions for reducing the higher costs and uncertainties brought to grid by high solar PV penetration. The residential community studied here includes twelve homes categorized into four types depending on whether they have energy storage or rooftop solar PV panels. The homes exchange power among themselves, and the real-time electricity rate …