Electrical and Computer Engineering Commons^™

Search Space Reduction Techniques For Solution Of Combinatorial Optimization Problems In Power System., Ranadhir Sarkar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Power system is vulnerable to disastrous climate events due to sequential or successive equipment failure. In this dissertation, the problem of identifying the critical k-transmission lines that fail one after another in quick succession, and the distribution system restoration problem using tie-lines/sectionalizing switches formulated as a mixed-integer non-linear programming problem (MINLP) that determines load shed under various k-line removal scenarios are solved. These problems are combinatorial that have huge search space, and solution through enumeration is intractable for large power systems. For reduction of search space, the following mathematical tools are derived, (i) two power flow methods due to k-transmission …

Inferential Statistics And Information Theoretical Measures: An Approach To Interference Detection In Radio Astronomy, Morgan R. Dameron

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In a time when technology is rapidly growing, radio observatories are now able to expand their computational power to achieve higher receiver sensitivity power and a more flexible realtime computing approach to probe the universe for its composition and study new astronomical phenomena. This allows searches to go deeper into the universe, and results in the recording of massive quantities of observed data. At the same time, this increases the amount of radio frequency interference (RFI) found in the obtained observatory data. The high power of RFI easily masks the low power of extraterrestrial signals, making them hard to detect …

An Analysis On Adversarial Machine Learning: Methods And Applications, Ali Dabouei

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Deep learning has witnessed astonishing advancement in the last decade and revolutionized many fields ranging from computer vision to natural language processing. A prominent field of research that enabled such achievements is adversarial learning, investigating the behavior and functionality of a learning model in presence of an adversary. Adversarial learning consists of two major trends. The first trend analyzes the susceptibility of machine learning models to manipulation in the decision-making process and aims to improve the robustness to such manipulations. The second trend exploits adversarial games between components of the model to enhance the learning process. This dissertation aims to …

Performance Of Sensor Fusion For Vehicular Applications, Nikola Janevski

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Sensor fusion is a key system in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems, ADAS. The perfor-
mance of the sensor fusion depends on many factors such as the sensors used, the kinematic
model used in the Extended Kalman Filter, EKF, the motion of the vehicles, the type of
road, the density of vehicles, and the gating methods. The interactions between parameters
and the extent to which individual parameters contribute to the overall accuracy of a sensor
fusion system can be difficult to assess.
In this study, a full-factorial experimental evaluation of a sensor fusion system based
on a real vehicle was performed. …

Modeling, Fabrication, And Characterization Of Rf-Based Passive Wireless Sensors Composed Of Refractory Semiconducting Ceramics For High Temperature Applications, Kavin Sivaneri Varadharajan Idhaiam

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Real-time health monitoring of high temperature systems (>500^oC) in harsh environments is necessary to prevent catastrophic events caused by structural failures, varying pressure, and chemical reactions. Conventional solid-state temperature sensors such as resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) and thermocouples are restricted by their operating environments, sensor dimensions and often require external power sources for their operation. The current work presents the research and development of RF-based passive wireless sensing technology targeting high temperatures and harsh environmental conditions. Passive wireless devices are generally classified as near-field and far-field devices based on the interrogation distance. Near-field sensors are placed at …

Modeling Strategy For Emi Filter And Flyback Transformer, Ruijie He

Doctoral Dissertations

“The switch-mode power supply is key to miniaturizing power adapters. However, the switching nature of the circuit introduces issues in conducted emissions. In a flyback converter, the transformer serves as the path for common mode current flowing from the primary side to the secondary side. Different winding technologies have been invented and implemented to reduce the capacitance between the primary side and the secondary side. But the repeatability of the winding is still poor due to the fluctuations of the winding machine. Thus, the resulting conducted emission has a fluctuation that can lead to failure in the compliance tests. EMI …

Characterizing And Modeling Methods For Power Converters, Anfeng Huang

Doctoral Dissertations

“Stable power delivery is becoming increasingly important in modern electronic devices, especially in applications with stringent requirements of its form factor. With the evolution of technology, the switching frequency in a power converter is pushed to a higher frequency range, e.g., several MHz or even higher, to decrease its size. However, the loss generated in the converter increases drastically due to the high switching frequency. In addition, a wide-band feedback controller is required to accommodate the high switching frequency in the converter. We focus on the characterization or modeling of the feedback control circuits and critical components in a switching …

Characterization And Modeling Of Esd Events, Risk And Protection, Jianchi Zhou

Doctoral Dissertations

“The ESD (Electrostatic discharge) failures have been raising critical reliability problems in electronic devices design. However, not all the ESD scenarios have been specified by the IEC standard and the characterizations of the ESD risk for different scenarios are essential to evaluate the ESD robustness of the devices in the real word.

The insulation of plastic enclosures provides protection against ESD to the electronic system inside. However, seams between plastic parts are often unavoidable. Different plastic arrangements are constructed to investigate the spark length and current derivatives and to understand the ESD spark behavior for geometries having spark lengths longer …

Novel Sensor Platforms Based On Fabry-Perot Resonators For Applications In Environmental Geophysics, Jing Guo

Doctoral Dissertations

"Fabry-Perot resonator sensors have been widely used for various physical and chemical measurements owing to their unique advantages over traditional sensors such as high measurement resolution, mechanically robust, and distributed sensing capabilities. This dissertation focuses on the development of robust fiber optic microwave sensors based on Fabry-Perot resonator mechanism for real-time applications in environmental geophysics.

Firstly, a novel Extrinsic Fabry-Perot Interferometer (EFPI)-based fiber-optic sensor for force measurement using a pre-buckled beam was demonstrated. The axial displacement is transferred and amplified to a horizontal deflection at the middle of the buckled beam, leading to a relatively significant change in the Fabry-Perot …

Distributed Fiber-Optic Temperature Sensors For Applications In The Steel Industry, Muhammad Roman

Doctoral Dissertations

"Steelmaking facilities require continuous temperature measurements throughout the manufacturing process to ensure consistent product quality and high productivity. Motivated by the limitations of conventional temperature sensors, distributed fiber-optic sensors (DFOS) were developed and deployed for various applications in the steel industry. Fiber-optic sensors offer various advantages over conventional sensors, such as the miniaturized size of the optical fiber, immunity to electromagnetic interferences, capability for multiplexing and distributed sensing, and the ability to withstand harsh environments.

Firstly, high-resolution Rayleigh backscattering based DFOS were demonstrated as potential solutions for temperature measurements in steelmaking processes by performing experimental simulations. Additionally, aluminum casting experiments …

Pi And Emi Analysis Of 3d Ic System With Tsvs And Co-Packaged Optics, Wei Zhang

Doctoral Dissertations

"With the demand for developing high-capacity, high-density, high-power optical links for data center communications, co-packaged optics is a promising solution. When the three-dimensional (3D) IC and optic engines are integrated into the same package, the design of such systems in terms of signal integrity, power integrity, and electromagnetic interference will be more challenging.

This first paper mainly focuses on modeling the bias-voltage-dependent, temperature-dependent, and light-intensity-dependent hysteresis behavior of a through-silicon-vias (TSV) structure in 3D IC and analyzing its effect on the power integrity of a system with 3D IC.

This second paper investigates the scaled tendency of the emissions in …

Accuracy Improvement Of Cable Harness Modeling & Analytical Modeling Of Multi-Reflections In High-Speed Signal Channels, Muqi Ouyang

Doctoral Dissertations

"Cable harnesses are widely used in modern vehicles to power electric systems locating at different locations throughout the vehicle and to establish signal channels for data communications between these systems. Generally, a cable harness consists of multiple wires and its geometry can be very complicated, making full-wave modeling and simulation approaches computational resource-intensive. To cut down the computational effort, the hybrid multiconductor transmission-line (MTL) method has been developed, and the generalized MTL (GMTL) method and the multiple scattering (MS) method have been developed to improve the accuracy of the hybrid MTL method. In this research, the convergence issue in the …

Multi-Stage Multi-Market Optimal Bidding Strategy In Electricity Markets, Hossein Mehdipourpicha

Doctoral Dissertations

"Restructuring of power industry created the competitive situations for different MPs through designing appropriate electricity markets. Typically, in pool-based electricity markets, MPs submit their offers, and ISO clears the market and notifies MPs of the cleared power amounts and market prices. In this situation, designing an effective bidding strategy for MPs who seek to maximize their profits has thus become one of the crucial yet difficult tasks that still need further exploration. The majority of recent studies overlooked this problem for the purely financial players. Therefore, designing an efficient strategy for virtual bidder in the pool-based electricity markets is studied …

Far-End Crosstalk Modeling And Prediction For High-Speed Pcb Design With Inhomogeneous Dielectric Layers (Idls), Yuanzhuo Liu

Doctoral Dissertations

"Far-end crosstalk (FEXT) noise is a critical factor that affects signal integrity performance in high-speed systems. The FEXT level is sensitive to the inhomogeneity of the dielectric layers in fabricated printed circuit boards (PCB). The stripline is laminated by multiple inhomogeneous dielectric layers (IDL). The dielectric layers of the stripline are laminated with epoxy resin and glass bundles. The dielectric permittivity of the epoxy resin and glass bundles are different, which causes the inhomogeneity of the dielectric layers while also increasing the FEXT magnitude. The dielectric of the microstrip in printed circuit boards (PCB) fabrication usually consists of two layers: …

Optimization Of Energy Storage Scheduling In Electricity Markets, Jian Liu

Doctoral Dissertations

"In the existing literature, merchants' trading actions are usually assumed not to affect market prices; however, a large-scale energy storage merchant’s actions can affect market prices. This work examined two electricity merchant scenarios: one with only energy storage and the other with both energy storage and renewable power plants. We approximated market impact via a linear function of the electricity traded by the merchant. This study began by applying dynamic programming to the optimal economic dispatch policy of electricity merchants and it considered the market impact, physical characteristics of storage systems, and the uncertainty of renewable energy sources. Then, this …

Nonlinear Meissner Effect In Nb3Sn Coplanar Resonators, Junki Makita, C. Sundahl, Gianluigi Ciovati, C. B. Eom, Alex Gurevich

Physics Faculty Publications

We investigated the nonlinear Meissner effect (NLME) in Nb₃Sn thin-film coplanar resonators by measuring the resonance frequency as a function of a parallel magnetic field at different temperatures. We used low rf power probing in films thinner than the London penetration depth λ(B) to significantly increase the field onset of vortex penetration and measure the NLME under equilibrium conditions. Contrary to the conventional quadratic increase of λ(B) with B expected in s-wave superconductors, we observed a nearly linear increase of the penetration depth with B. We concluded that this behavior of λ(B) is due to weak linked grain …

Modeling Of Inverter-Based Microgrid For Small-Signal And Large-Signal Stability Analysis, Vishal Verma

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Integration of inverter-based resources (IBRs) such as solar photovoltaic, wind, and battery storage, is both a boon and a bane for electric power systems. On one hand, IBRs have helped in making electrical energy a clean (carbon-free) source of energy. On other hand, the dynamics of IBRs have changed the way power system studies have been carried out. With the advantages IBRs offer over conventional resources, it is assumed that a small distribution power system (microgrid) will have a 100% IBRs penetration in the future. Such a microgrid can operate in grid-connected mode or in an islanded mode. Both modes …

Comparing Symbolic And Connectionist Algorithms For Correlating The Age Of Healthy Children With Sigma-Lognormal Neuromuscular Parameters, Zigeng Zhang, Christian O'Reilly, Rejean Plamondon

Publications

It is important to accurately evaluate the motor control maturity to help physicians diagnose delayed or abnormal motor development in children. Traditionally, it has been challenging to design assessment methods that are practical and accurate at the same time. This study aims to develop an effective algorithm to predict motor control maturity based on the Kinematic Theory of rapid human movements. We used handwritten pen strokes made on an electronic tablet by 513 children (5.5 to 13 years of age). We considered two types of movements: a single stroke and a triangle drawing test. For the analysis, Sigma-Lognormal parameters were …

A Predictive Modeling Approach To Counter Failures In Heat Seal Process Verification Methods, Charles Albanese

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Most products sold today are packaged in a protective shell that involves the design of a box or wrapper. A subset of such products also adds a second layer of protection via sterilization. For both sterilized and non-sterilized products, a procedure referred to as the heat seal process creates the protective barrier from outside influence. For sterilized products, the American Society for Testing and Materials provides standards to test or verify seal strength, and this verification is normally accomplished by using a process called a Design of Experiments (DOE). The DOE method makes systematic use of powerful data collection and …

A Graph-Based Approach To Boundary Estimation With Mobile Sensors, Sean Onufer Stalley, Dingyu Wang, Gautam Dasarathy, John Lipor

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

We consider the problem of adaptive sampling for boundary estimation, where the goal is to identify the two dimensional spatial extent of a phenomenon of interest. Motivated by applications in estimating the spread of wildfires with a mobile sensor, we present a novel graph-based algorithm that is efficient in both the number of samples taken and the distance traveled. The key idea behind our approach is that by sampling locations close to known cut edges (edges whose vertices lie on opposite sides of the boundary), we can reliably find additional cut edges. Our approach repeats this process of using the …

Incentivizing Distributed Energy Resource Participation In Grid Services, Tylor Slay, John M. Acken, Robert B. Bass

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The bulk power system is experiencing a dramatic shift as renewable generation growth continues to accelerate. Large-scale renewables adoption will help societies transition to a low-carbon, low-cost, and environmental-friendly electrical power system. However, the transition from a paradigm of generation following load to one where load follows generation will require large-scale interconnection and coordinated operation of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), supported by open communication protocols. In this future grid scenario, DER aggregations will provide critical grid services that enable high penetration levels of renewable generation. This position paper presents an Energy Service Interface (ESI) that defines scope for ensuring secure, …

A Field Test Of Direct Load Control Of Water Heaters And Its Implications For Consumers, Midrar Adham, Manasseh Obi, Robert B. Bass

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Utilities and customers are now operating more closely than ever. The prevailing numbers of grid-interactive Distributed Energy Resources are being integrated to provide grid reliability and stability. Different methods of control have been implemented to utilize these Distributed Energy Resources, such as Service-Oriented Load Control and Direct Load Control. This paper investigates the issues associated with the latter. A Direct Load Control method is applied to two Distributed Energy Resources, Electric Water Heater and Heat Pump Water Heater. A load shifting scenario is created where each water heater turns off during water draw events that coincide with peak demand periods. …

Use Of Battery Systems For Var Support In Con Edison’S Distribution Network/Substation, Elihu Nyemah

Dissertations and Theses

Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) can facilitate the integration of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) and help create a more reliable grid by providing multiple services including reactive power (VAR) support. This research will investigate the use of smart inverters to provide VAR support, assess the impact it has on the lifetime of a BESS and determine how the adverse effects (if any) can be mitigated/eliminated. To achieved this, a 7.5MW/30MWh grid connected BESS located at Con Edison substations have been modeled in MATLAB/Simulink. Preliminary assessment of the system showed that DC current to/from the battery is oscillating (non-zero) during reactive …

The Capabilities And Limitations Of Flywheel-Based Energy Storage System Pertaining To Subways In The Event Of A Power Outage, Jaskaran Singh

Dissertations and Theses

In the city that never sleeps, power outages or blackouts can be a shock, especially if you are on a train amid one. For example, during the infamous 2003 blackout, thousands of people were left stuck and stranded in parts of Northeastern United States. In particular, with no trains or buses in service throughout the 5 boroughs of NYC, those stranded essentially had no way to go back home. Hotels, terminals, and airports alike became places of camping as the city seemed to come to a halt. For the sake of public safety and transit efficiency, this study explores a …

Wave Engineering In Time Modulated, Nonlinear, And Anisotropic Metamaterials, Ahmed Mekawy

Dissertations and Theses

Leveraging wave matter interactions is central to a myriad of electromagnetic wave-based applications. During the past decades, research on extreme wave manipulation has been revolutionized by artificially engineered materials (metamaterials) and by adding new aspects to the wave-matter interactions that showed intriguing results inaccessible in conventional linear, time invariant (LTI), passive and isotropic media. In this work, I will explore, numerically and experimentally, the possibility of realizing devices that perform beyond or close to their fundamental LTI limitations by adding periodic modulation, nonlinearity, and gain. I will demonstrate these concepts at radio frequencies (RF) and at optical frequencies. Specifically, at …

A Means For Tuning Primary Frequency Event Detection Algorithms, Sean Keene, Landon Hanks, Robert B. Bass

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Power system balancing authorities are routinely affected by sudden frequency fluctuations. These frequency events can precipitate cascading outages and cause damage to both customer-owned and utility equipment. In this document, we describe an Algorithm Evaluation Environment that uses a suite of metrics to evaluate an algorithm and quantify its efficacy. Using the Algorithm Evaluation Environment, a detection algorithm can be tuned to best match the definition of a frequency event as defined by experts within the context of their own balancing area. We demonstrate the utility of the Algorithm Evaluation Environment using a regression-based frequency event detection algorithm. This algorithm …

Leveraging Machine Learning For Detecting Iot-Based Interference In Operational Wifi Networks, Josh Pulse

Honors Program Theses

IoT (Internet of Things) devices have become increasingly popular in recent years while WiFi continues to serve as primary network provider indoors. With the advancements in technology, the networks of IoT devices continue to weave closely with indoor WiFi network deployments. Both kinds of these networks primarily operate in 2.4 GHz ISM Band (though latest WiFi standards can operate in 5 GHz and 60 GHz bands, too). With the multitude of tiny IoT sensors being deployed indoors alongside operational WiFi networks, severe interference scenarios cannot be ruled out. As a result of this interference, performance of WiFi networks is bound …

Liquid Core Detection And Strand Condition Monitoring In A Continuous Caster Using Optical Fiber, Deva Prasaad Neelakandan, Dinesh Reddy Alla, Jie Huang, Ronald J. O'Malley

PSMRC Faculty Research

Real-time monitoring of the liquid core position during the continuous casting of steel has been demonstrated using low-cost distributed optical-fiber-based strain sensors. These sensors were installed on the containment roll support structures in the segments of a production continuous caster to detect the position of the solid–liquid interface and monitor the strand condition during the continuous casting. Distributed Fiber Bragg Grating sensors (FBGs) were used in this work to monitor strain at six roll positions in the caster. The sensor performance was first validated by comparing optical strain measurements with conventional strain gauge measurements in the lab. Next, optical strain …

Solution Atomic Layer Deposition Of Smooth, Continuous, Crystalline Metal-Organic Framework Thin Films, Maïssa K.S. Barr, Soheila Nadiri, Dong-Hui Chen, Peter G. Weidler, Sebastian Bochmann, Helmut Baumgart, Julien Bachmann, Engelbert Redel

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

For the first time, a procedure has been established for the growth of surface-anchored metal–organic framework (SURMOF) copper(II) benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate (Cu-BDC) thin films of thickness control with single molecule accuracy. For this, we exploit the novel method solution atomic layer deposition (sALD). The sALD growth rate has been determined at 4.5 Å per cycle. The compact and dense SURMOF films grown at room temperature by sALD possess a vastly superior film thickness uniformity than those deposited by conventional solution-based techniques, such as dipping and spraying while featuring clear crystallinity from 100 nm thickness. The highly controlled layer-by-layer growth mechanism of sALD …

การวิเคราะห์การใช้พลังงานของการตัดแผ่นหินอ่อนและหินแกรนิต : กรณีศึกษา, ทิชากร โพธิ์นรินทร์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

หินอ่อนและหินแกรนิต เป็นวัสดุที่ได้รับความนิยมอย่างมากในกลุ่มวัสดุก่อสร้าง เพราะมีความสวยงาม คงทนและสะดวกต่อการดูแลรักษา ซึ่งการจะได้มาซึ่งแผ่นหินที่ใช้ตกแต่งได้นั้น จะต้องนำแผ่นหินขนาดใหญ่ (Slabs) มาตัดตามขนาดที่ต้องการเสียก่อน เนื่องจากหินทั้งสองชนิดมีความแข็งที่แตกต่างกัน ทำให้ต้องใช้ความเร็วในการตัด ความเร็วรอบของใบเลื่อย รวมทั้งขนาดของใบเลื่อยที่ต่างกัน สำหรับโรงงานที่ใช้ศึกษาในครั้งนี้ การตัดหินแต่ละชนิดจะใช้พารามิเตอร์ต่างกัน สำหรับหินอ่อน จะใช้ความเร็วรอบของใบเลื่อยอยู่ที่ 2,700 rpm ความเร็วในการตัดอยู่ที่ 1, 2 และ 3 เมตรต่อนาที ใบเลื่อยที่ใช้ตัดจะอยู่ที่ 12 นิ้ว และใช้หินอ่อน Rosso Levanto ในการทดสอบ สำหรับหินแกรนิต ใช้รอบการหมุนของใบเลื่อยอยู่ที่ 1,700 rpm ความเร็วในการตัดอยู่ที่ 1, 2 และ 2.5 เมตรต่อนาที และใช้หินแกรนิตดำอินเดียในการทดสอบ จากการทดลองวัดกระแสไฟฟ้าขณะตัดแผ่นหินเพื่อนำมาคำนวณหาค่ากำลังไฟฟ้า พบว่าใช้กำลังไฟฟ้าขณะที่ตัดอยู่ที่ 21.13, 21.34 และ 24.36 กิโลวัตต์ (kW) ตามลำดับความเร็วที่ใช้ตัด และสามารถคำนวณหน่วยไฟฟ้าที่ใช้ต่อการตัดแผ่นหินอ่อน 1 สแลบ อยู่ที่ 8.25, 4.19 และ 3.30 หน่วย ตามลำดับ และเมื่อทดสอบกับหินแกรนิตดำอินเดีย พบว่าใช้กำลังไฟฟ้าขณะที่ตัด อยู่ที่ 19.48, 20.29 และ 20.95 กิโลวัตต์ (kW) และหน่วยไฟฟ้าที่ใช้ต่อการตัดแผ่นหินแกรนิต 1 สแลบ อยู่ที่ 7.50, 3.95 และ 3.32 ตามลำดับ เมื่อนำค่าไฟฟ้าเฉลี่ยของโรงงานมาคำนวณคาดการณ์ในการตัดแผ่นหินใน 1 ปี พบว่า หากตัดแผ่นหินอ่อนด้วยความเร็ว 3 เมตรต่อนาที จะประหยัดค่าใช้จ่ายมากกว่าการตัดด้วยความเร็ว 1 เมตรต่อนาที ถึง 65,488.74 บาท หรือประมาณ 60.01% และหากตัดแผ่นหินแกรนิตด้วยความเร็ว 2.5 เมตรต่อนาที สามารถประหยัดค่าใช้จ่ายได้มากกว่าการตัดด้วยความเร็ว 1 เมตรต่อนาที …