Electrical and Computer Engineering Commons^™

Whispering-Gallery Mode Microsphere Resonators For Applications In Environmental Sensing, Arun Mallik

Doctoral

Humidity, temperature and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particularly ammonia, are key environmental conditions that have a major impact on human comfort, well-being and productivity, as well as on agriculture, food processing and storage, electronic manufacturing and many other industries. This results in the urgent need for the development of sensing technologies allowing rapid detection and accurate measurement of these environmental parameters. Over the past decades many electrical as well as optical sensors have been proposed and demonstrated for environmental applications. However, challenge always exists for these sensors in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, detection limit, speed of response and robustness, where …

Electro-Mechanical-Thermal Modeling And Stability Of Pulsed Power Loads On A Dc Network, Joshua Allen Dillon

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Modern military aircraft are developing larger pulsed power loads varying from new weapon technologies to advanced avionics and other electrical equipment. Pulsing power loads emulate a pulse width modulated signal which have non-linear destabilizing effects on the electrical system. Additionally, these devices have thermal properties that can induce electrical stability issues at low and high temperatures and various pulsing load conditions. These non-linear electrical stability issues carry through to the mechanical and thermal systems of the aircraft and can damage components. The MATLAB/Simulink workspace is used to simulate a non-linear model of an aircraft’s electrical-mechanicalthermal (EMT) system. This system includes …

A Bayesian Network Approach To Battery Aging In Electric Vehicle Transportation And Grid Integration, Mehdi Jafari

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Nowadays, batteries in electric vehicles (EVs) are facing a variety of tasks in their connection to the power grid in addition to the main task, driving. All of these tasks play a very significant role in the battery aging, but they are highly variable due to the change in the driver behavior, grid connection availability and weather conditions. The effect of these external factors in the battery degradation have been studied in literature by mostly deterministic and some stochastic approaches, but limited to specific cases.

In this dissertation, first, a large-scale deterministic approach is implemented to evaluate the effect of …

Linear Ring Resonator Modulator For Microwave Photonic Links, Arash Hosseinzadeh

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Modulators within Microwave photonic links (MPLs) encode Radio Frequency (RF) signal information to the optical domain for transmission in applications such as wireless access networks and antenna remoting exploiting advantages optical fiber offers over RF coaxial cables including bandwidth, loss, size, weight, and immunity to electromagnetic interference. A critical figure-of-merit in MPLs is spur-free-dynamic-range (SFDR) defining the range of RF signal power a MPL transmits without distortion. Current Mach-Zehnder Interference (MZI) modulators used in MPLs limit the SFDR because of the associated nonlinear sinusoidal transfer function.

A rigorous theoretical method is developed followed by design, fabrication, and testing to investigate …

ระบบควบคุมเวกเตอร์แบบไร้เซนเซอร์วัดตำแหน่งสำหรับเครื่องจักรกลไฟฟ้าเหนี่ยวนำชนิดป้อนสองทางโดยใช้ตัวสังเกตลดอันดับแบบปรับตัวที่มีการป้อนกลับกระแสสเตเตอร์, ศุภษร หมื่นพล

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

วิทยานิพนธ์นี้นำเสนอระบบควบคุมเวกเตอร์ไรเซนเซอร์วัดตำแหน่งสำหรับเครื่องจักรกลไฟฟ้าเหนี่ยวนำชนิดป้อนสองทาง โดยใช้ตัวสังเกตลดอันดับแบบปรับตัวจากแบบจำลองสเตเตอร์ แนวคิดที่นำเสนอมีการคำนวณที่เรียบง่ายไม่ซับซ้อน และไม่จำเป็นต้องคำนวณค่าปริพันธ์ของสเตเตอร์ฟลักซ์ ทำให้ลดปัญหาเรื่องการเลื่อนของสัญญาณไฟตรงได้ การวิเคราะห์เสถียรภาพของแบบจำลองในวิทยานิพนธ์นี้ใช้วิธีการทำให้ระบบเป็นเชิงเส้นและใช้ทฤษฎีบทเราท์-เฮอร์วิตช์ยืนยันเสถียรภาพของระบบรอบ ๆ จุดทำงาน นอกจากนี้ยังนำเสนอแนวทางการออกแบบอัตราขยายป้อนกลับและอัตราขยายป้อนกลับแบบปรับตัวสำหรับตัวประมาณตำแหน่ง เพื่อใช้เป็นแนวทางในการออกแบบตัวควบคุม อีกทั้งเสนอการวิเคราะห์ผลกระทบของการประมาณตำแหน่งเนื่องจากการเปลี่ยนแปลงค่าพารามิเตอร์ต่าง ๆ ของเครื่องจักรกลไฟฟ้าเหนี่ยวนำชนิดป้อนสองทาง และสุดท้ายนี้เพื่อเป็นการยืนยันแนวคิดทางทฤษฎีโดยการจำลองผลด้วยโปรแกรม Matlab/Simulink และการทดสอบด้วยระบบจริง โดยระบบควบคุมเวกเตอร์ไรเซนเซอร์วัดตำแหน่ง สามารถทำงานได้ทุกเงื่อนไขการทำงาน และสามารถควบคุมกระแสโรเตอร์ได้อย่างอิสระสอดคล้องหลักการการควบคุมแบบแยกการเชื่อมร่วม

Implementation Of Magnesium Alloy Az91d On Wire And Arc Additive Manufacturing, David Adrian Martinez Holguin

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

As progress on Additive Manufacturing (AM) techniques focusing on ceramics and polymers evolve, metals continue to be a challenging material to manipulate when fabricating products. Current methods, such as Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) and Electron Beam Melting (EBM) face many intrinsic limitations due to the nature of their processes. Material selection, elevated cost and low deposition rates are some of the barriers to consider when one of these methods is to be used for the fabrication of engineering products. The research here presented demonstrates the use of a Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) system for the creation of metallic …

People Detection From Time-Of-Flight Imagery With Inpainting-Based Preprocessing, Basavarajaiah Totada

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The Thesis describes a method of detection and tracking of people using depth images captured by a Time-of-Flight (ToF) camera, such as those obtained with a Microsoft Kinect V2. Key advantages of this approach are that the identity of people is not disclosed, and the system can operate in low-light conditions. The automated approach developed here is inspired by cell-tracking methods as implemented in the well-known biomedical imaging software called CellProfiler. Our approach involves significant preprocessing of the depth images by a combination of adaptive center weighted median filtering and iterative inpainting. The next step is detection of each person's …

Home Network Protector - Iot Device, Rodrick Rogers, Kranthi Kadaru

Honors Theses

The Internet of Things (IoT) market is projected to grow to more than 80 billion connected devices by the year 2025 [1]. This surge in relevance opens numerous avenues to those with malicious intent to prey on the uninitiated. With the projected growth of IoT devices, this implies a more connected lifestyle for your everyday consumer. As more devices integrate into our daily lives, security of those devices becomes substantially more important. It all starts with the home network. Just as people feel secure from outside dangers from within their home, they should also have the same peace of mind …

Design And Analysis Of An Fmri-Compatible Vibrotactile Skin Stimulator, Jacob Skyler Azbell

Honors Theses

The purpose of this research project is to design a multi-purpose fMRI-compatible vibrotactile skin stimulator that can be used in varying felds of research so that a specifc design does not have to be built for each individual application. Throughout this project, several stimulator designs were produced, but the core idea for each was quite similar. In each design, a wire coil was wound on a exible plastic tape former. One point of each coil is fxed, and the opposite point provides stimulation. Each wire coil was placed in a constant magnetic feld, which provided a weaker version of the …

Fpga-Based On-Board Geometric Calibration For Linear Ccd Array Sensors, Guoqing Zhou, Linjun Jiang, Jingjin Huang, Rongting Zhang, Dequan Liu, Xiang Zhou, Oktay Baysal

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

With increasing demands in real-time or near real-time remotely sensed imagery applications in such as military deployments, quick response to terrorist attacks and disaster rescue, the on-board geometric calibration problem has attracted the attention of many scientists in recent years. This paper presents an on-board geometric calibration method for linear CCD sensor arrays using FPGA chips. The proposed method mainly consists of four modules—Input Data, Coefficient Calculation, Adjustment Computation and Comparison—in which the parallel computations for building the observation equations and least squares adjustment, are implemented using FPGA chips, for which a decomposed matrix inversion method is presented. A Xilinx …

Emerging Computing Based Novel Solutions For Design Of Low Power Circuits, Azhar Mohammad

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

The growing applications for IoT devices have caused an increase in the study of low power consuming circuit design to meet the requirement of devices to operate for various months without external power supply. Scaling down the conventional CMOS causes various complications to design due to CMOS properties, therefore various non-conventional CMOS design techniques are being proposed that overcome the limitations. This thesis focuses on some of those emerging and novel low power design technique namely Adiabatic logic and low power devices like Magnetic Tunnel Junction (MTJ) and Carbon Nanotube Field Effect transistor (CNFET). Circuits that are used for large …

Energy-Efficient And Secure Hardware For Internet Of Things (Iot) Devices, Dinesh Kumar Selvakumaran

Theses and Dissertations--Electrical and Computer Engineering

Internet of Things (IoT) is a network of devices that are connected through the Internet to exchange the data for intelligent applications. Though IoT devices provide several advantages to improve the quality of life, they also present challenges related to security. The security issues related to IoT devices include leakage of information through Differential Power Analysis (DPA) based side channel attacks, authentication, piracy, etc. DPA is a type of side-channel attack where the attacker monitors the power consumption of the device to guess the secret key stored in it. There are several countermeasures to overcome DPA attacks. However, most of …

Feed-Forward Compensation Of Non-Minimum Phase Systems, Venkatesh Dudiki

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Due to inherent limitations posed by existence of zeros of a transfer function in the righthalfof the complex plane, known as non-minimum phase zeros, the issue of dealing withsuch zeros is extremely important in control of linear systems. Considerable literatureexists in control theory to try and minimize or eliminate the effect of non-minimum phasezeros. These include pole-zero cancellation, feedforward compensation, among others.These methods are only limited only to stable systems (systems with poles in the left halfof the complex plane); and will fail for systems that are unstable as well as non-minimumphase.This research focuses in designing feedforward compensators for unstable …

Temperature Robust Longwave Infrared Hyperspectral Change Detection, Nicholas A. Durkee

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

In this thesis, we develop and evaluate change detection algorithms for longwave infrared (LWIR) hyperspectral imagery. Because measured radiance in the LWIR domain depends on unknown surface temperature, care must be taken to prevent false alarms resulting from in-scene temperature differences that appear as material changes. We consider fewer variables. Examples using synthetic and measured data quantify the computational complexity of the proposed methods and demonstrate orders of magnitude reduction in false alarm rates relative to existing methods. Four strategies to mitigate this effect. In the first, pre-processing via traditional temperatureemissivity separation yields approximately temperature-invariant emissivity vectors for use in …

Fpga-Based Ir Localization Sensor, Samuel I. Susanto

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Pursuit-evasion scenarios are common in both natural and man-made systems. Often times, the pursuer and evader maneuver in response to each others actions using relative information based on the geometry of the agents and potential obstacles within the environment. The pursuer needs the target's bearing angle in order to plan a trajectory or path to capture it. We propose an FPGA-based infrared sensor array to detect up to 6 agents' bearing angles simultaneously. The final output of the sensor is the bearing angle of other agents. The sensor was tested and validated experimentally. Implementing the sensor and transmitter pair on …

Electrowetting Using A Microfluidic Kelvin Water Dropper, Elias Yazdanshenas, Qiang Tang, Xiaoyu Zhang

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

The Kelvin water dropper is an electrostatic generator that can generate high voltage electricity through water dripping. A conventional Kelvin water dropper converts the gravitational potential energy of water into electricity. Due to its low current output, Kelvin water droppers can only be used in limited cases that demand high voltage. In the present study, microfluidic Kelvin water droppers (MKWDs) were built in house to demonstrate a low-cost but accurately controlled miniature device for high voltage generation. The performance of the MKWDs was characterized using different channel diameters and flow rates. The best performed MKWD was then used to conduct …

Semiconductor Design And Manufacturing Interplay To Achieve Higher Yields At Reduced Costs Using Smart Techniques, Ankush Bharati Oberai

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Since the outset of IC Semiconductor market there has been a gap between its design and manufacturing communities. This gap continued to grow as the device geometries started to shrink and the manufacturing processes and tools got more complex. This gap lowered the manufacturing yield, leading to higher cost of ICs and delay in their time to market. It also impacted performance of the ICs, impacting the overall functionality of the systems they were integrated in. However, in the recent years there have been major efforts to bridge the gap between design and manufacturing using software solutions by providing closer …

Cavity-Coupled Plasmonic Systems For Enhanced Light-Matter Interactions, Abraham Vazquez-Guardado

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Light-matter interaction is a pivotal effect that involves the synergetic interplay of electromag- netic fields with fundamental particles. In this regard localized surface plasmons (LSP) arise from coherent interaction of the electromagnetic field with the collective oscillation of free electrons in confined sub-wavelength environments. Their most attractive properties are strong field en- hancements at the near field, highly inhomogeneous, peculiar temporal and spatial distributions and unique polarization properties. LSP systems also offer a unique playground for fundamental electromagnetic physics where micro-scale systemic properties can be studied in the macro-scale. These important properties and opportunities are brought up in this work …

Introduction: Metrics, Modeling And Simulation For Cyber Physical Systems, Barry Ezell, Luanne Burns

VMASC Publications

[Introduction] In recent years, there has been a massive increase in cyber crime. Cyber breeches have become ubiquitous. The US government is attempting to adapt through legislation and policy. For instance, business in the defense industrial base must be in compliance of NIST 80-71 by 31 December 2017. Insurance companies as well are beginning to build actuaries on cyber risk. Along with NIST, there are many cyber frameworks that exist, each with their own following. Recently, companies have sought mapping from one framework to another but this is imperfect solution because some frameworks are exclusively technical control measures with very …

Development Of A Capacitive Photocurrent Scanning Microscope With Carrier Depletion Super-Resolution., Austin Levi Carver

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation discusses the development and refinement of a new two-dimensional imaging technique, funded in part through a NSF MRI equipment development grant. Capacitive-Photocurrent (CPC) spectroscopy allows for the probing of samples without the requirement of free-carrier collection. The CPC technique allows for the studying of various states within a material. With this electronic measurement technique, we developed a scanning technique, scanning-CPC, that provides two-dimensional material property images without requiring environments that must be high-vacuum, humidity-controlled, or temperature-controlled. This new technique also provides two-dimensional, electronic mapping without damaging samples. With this successful result, we then modified an existing resolution improving …

Application For Position And Load Reference Generation Of A Simulated Mechatronic Chain, Florentin Smarandache, V. Vladareanu, S.B. Cononovici, M. Migdalovici, H. Wang, Y. Feng

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

The paper presents the position and load reference generation for a motor stand simulating a mechatronic chain, in this case a three degree of freedom robot leg. The task is accomplished using three PLC controlled motors in position as the robot joint actuators coupled with three controlled in torque, simulating the load at each simulation time-step. The paper briefly discusses the mathematical model and presents the visual interface used in the simulation, which is then to be further integrated into a virtual environment robot control application.

Fundamentals Of Neutrosophic Logic And Sets And Their Role In Artificial Intelligence (Fundamentos De La Lógica Y Los Conjuntos Neutrosóficos Y Su Papel En La Inteligencia Artificial ), Florentin Smarandache, Maykel Leyva-Vazquez

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

Neutrosophy is a new branch of philosophy which studies the origin, nature and scope of neutralities. This has formed the basis for a series of mathematical theories that generalize the classical and fuzzy theories such as the neutrosophic sets and the neutrosophic logic. In the paper, the fundamental concepts related to neutrosophy and its antecedents are presented. Additionally, fundamental concepts of artificial intelligence will be defined and how neutrosophy has come to strengthen this discipline.

Plasma Medicine: A Brief Introduction, Mounir Laroussi

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

This mini review is to introduce the readers of Plasma to the field of plasma medicine. This is a multidisciplinary field of research at the intersection of physics, engineering, biology and medicine. Plasma medicine is only about two decades old, but the research community active in this emerging field has grown tremendously in the last few years. Today, research is being conducted on a number of applications including wound healing and cancer treatment. Although a lot of knowledge has been created and our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms that play important roles in the interaction between low temperature plasma and …

Novel Contact Materials For Improved Performance Cdte Solar Cells, Angus Rocket, Robert Collins, Sylvain Marsillac

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

This program has explored a number of novel materials for contacts to CdTe solar cells in order to reduce the back contact Schottky barrier to zero and produce an ohmic contact. The project tested a wide range of potential contact materials including TiN, ZrN, CuInSe₂:N, a-Si:H and alloys with C, and FeS₂. Improved contacts were achieved with FeS₂. As part of understanding the operation of the devices and controlling the deposition processes, a number of other important results were obtained. In the process of this project and following its conclusion it led to research …

Analysis Of High Performance Scientific Programming Workflows, Withana Kankanamalage Umayanganie Klaassen

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Substantial time is spent on building, optimizing and maintaining large-scale software that is run on supercomputers. However, little has been done to utilize overall resources efficiently when it comes to including expensive human resources. The community is beginning to acknowledge that optimizing the hardware performance such as speed and memory bottlenecks contributes less to the overall productivity than does the development lifecycle of high-performance scientific applications. Researchers are beginning to look at overall scientific workflows for high performance computing. Scientific programming productivity is measured by time and effort required to develop, configure, and maintain a simulation experiment and its constituent …

Hybrid 3d Printing Demonstrated By Arbitrary 3d Meandering Transmission Lines, Ubaldo Robles

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

This Dissertation focuses on the automation of multi-material direct write three-dimensional (3D) manufacturing of arbitrary metal-dielectric structures. The technology was demonstrated by manufacturing 3D meandering interconnects and transmission lines (TLs). Manufacturing 3D functional electronics with multiple materials required pushing the current state of 3D printing (3DP) technology to utilize simultaneous multi-material processes combined with sophisticated slicing and bonding under one process. Multi material 3DP is known as hybrid 3DP. This research pioneered the process for producing meandering transmission lines, starting with design and manufacturing, using hybrid 3DP through micro-dispensing and fuse deposition modeling. The research starts by 3DP magnetic and …

Magnetotelluric Analysis Of Central Kenya Kenyan Rift Volcanoes For Geothermal Development, Anna Wairimu Mwangi

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Abstract

High temperature geothermal resources are vast along rift margins because of emplacement of magma in shallow crust. This is the case along the Kenyan Rift valley also known as the Gregory Rift. It is the Eastern arm of the East African rift and a chain of volcanoes along the rift graben characterizes it. We use (MT) magnetotelluric method to image beneath the peralkaline province of the Kenya Rift i.e. Olkaria, Eburru, Badlands, and Longonot volcanoes. The resistivity structure shows active geothermal activity happening at the upper 3km from the subsurface as evidenced by low resistivity cap rock comprised of …

Formulation Of Nanoparticle Systems For Drug Delivery Application In Biomedical Sciences, Victor Alfredo Rodriguez

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria may result in serious infections which are difficult to treat. In addition, the poor antibiotic pipeline has also contributed to the crisis. Recently, the complex of furosemide and silver (Ag-FSE) has been reported as a potential antibacterial agent. However, its poor aqueous solubility is limiting its activity as an effective antibacterial agent. The purpose of this study was to encapsulate Ag-FSE into chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) and evaluate antibacterial efficacy. Ag-FSE CSNPs were prepared using ionic gelation technique. The particle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of Ag-FSE CSNPs were determined using dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique. …

Assessing Performance Of Detectors Of High Frequency Oscillations In Eeg Signals, Deeksha Seetharama Bhat

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Attempts to perform epileptic seizure prediction have been made for decades, but there is no solution yet that is generally effective, though some progress in this area has been reported. Interictal epileptic spikes were considered as the only biomarkers of seizure-generating brain tissue until the recent discovery of high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) in electroencephalographic (EEG) signals, with frequency contents in the range from 80 Hz to 800 Hz. HFOs are now considered as biomarkers of epileptogenic tissue and the seizure onset zone. However, there are challenges in the definition and detection of HFO events which complicate this perspective. In studies about …

Miniaturized Switchless Pattern Reconfigurable Antenna Utilizing Spherical Modes Analysis, Adam Narbudowicz, Max Ammann, Nicola Marchetti

Conference Papers

The paper proposes an electrically small pattern reconfigurable antenna, which allows flexible beamforming with the antenna diameter being ?/5. The antenna has 3 ports, each designed to radiate a different spherical mode. By applying appropriate phase shift the antenna allows to flexibly sweep its bi-directional radiation pattern across a 360° azimuth, while offering 5 dBi directivity.