Electrical and Computer Engineering Commons^™

Design And Implementation Of A Neural Network Controller For Real-Time Adaptive Voltage Regulation, Xiao-Hua Yu, Weiming Li, N. F. N. Taufik

Electrical Engineering

An adaptive controller based on multi-layer feed-forward neural network is developed for real-time voltage regulation of a class of PSFB (phase-shifted full-bridge) DC–DC converters. The controller has the unique advantages of nonlinear mapping and adaptive learning, and performs well over a wide range of input voltages and output load currents. The controller is implemented and tested in hardware using a DSP (digital signal processor) board. Experimental results show that it outperforms conventional controllers in both line regulation and load regulation.

Design And Implementation Of A Neural Network Controller For Real-Time Adaptive Voltage Regulation, Xiao-Hua Yu, Weiming Li, Taufik

Electrical Engineering

An adaptive controller based on multi-layer feed-forward neural network is developed for real-time voltage regulation of a class of PSFB (phase-shifted full-bridge) DC–DC converters. The controller has the unique advantages of nonlinear mapping and adaptive learning, and performs well over a wide range of input voltages and output load currents. The controller is implemented and tested in hardware using a DSP (digital signal processor) board. Experimental results show that it outperforms conventional controllers in both line regulation and load regulation.

Exercise Power Grid Display And Web Interface, Alexander (Alex) Chernetz

Computer Engineering

The 2008-2009 expansion of the Recreation Center at Cal Poly includes three new rooms with cardiovascular fitness equipment. As part of its ongoing commitment to sustainable development, the new machines connect to the main power grid and generate power during a workout. This document explains the process of quantifying and expressing the power generated using two interfaces: an autonomous display designed for a television with a text size and amount of detail adaptable to multiple television sizes and viewing distances, and an interactive, more detailed Web interface accessible with any Java-capable computer system or browser.

Swept-Frequency Sampled Grating Distributed Bragg Reflector Lasers Optimized For Optical Coherence Tomography Applications, Brandon J. George

Master's Theses

Swept Frequency Source Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) requires high repetition rate and wide spectral width wavelength tunable sources at a low cost. The sampled grating distributed Bragg reflector (SG-DBR) laser provides wide wavelength tuning range while exhibiting a wavelength switching speed that is among the fastest currently available. The SG-DBR laser is used to generate linear frequency ramps with high repetition rates. Since the SG-DBR laser is currently used for the telecommunications industry in high volume, the price of the system is much lower than current OCT sources. Therefore the SG-DBR laser provides a practical solution for Swept Source OCT. …

Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation Applied To Flight Training, Joel D. Hanson

Master's Theses

Between 1994 and 2003 spatial disorientation resulted in at least 202 aircraft

accidents, 184 of them resulting in fatalities. Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation (GVS)

provides a cost effective and safe way to simulate spatial disorientation and

potentially test pilot’s vestibular system prior to aircraft operation. This experiment

investigates the use of GVS as an indicator of motion sensitivity and explores the

effects of GVS on flight simulation performance. Bilateral bipolar rectangular pulse

electrical stimulations were given to subjects via skin-mounted electrodes placed over

each mastoid process to stimulate the vestibular system with roll and yaw sensations.

Two studies were conducted in …

High Contrast Grayscale Object Tracking Embedded System Design, Scott Donald Neally

Electrical Engineering

The purpose of this project is to prove that a real-time object-tracking camera can be implemented using the Digilent NEXYS board with Xilinx Platform Studio. With great ambition I set to implement the camera with RGB color tracking of bright green objects. This would make segmentation between the object of interest and its background much easier, allowing less stringent requirements on the background color beyond the object. Because of time restraints, the actual implementation remains as 8-bit grayscale, where the object of interest is intended to be white and highly contrasted from its black background. A simple algorithm is used …

Musicman Communications System, Dan Strengier

Electrical Engineering

The MusicMan portable music mixer is a solution for users who enjoy listening to music and would also like to communicate to friends on a walkie-talkie system. The MusicMan provides the user the ability to simultaneously listen to an MP3 player and operate a communications device, such as a walkie-talkie.

Punching Bag Trainer, Gian Delacruz

Electrical Engineering

Martial artists, such as boxers, kick boxers, and karate practitioners, use punching bags in training all the time to work on technique, speed and power but there hasn’t really been a good way to train reaction and combination speed (a combination is a string of strikes) without the aid of a training partner. Reaction and combination speed are important in competition because a faster competitor can attack successfully before his or her opponent has the time to react. This device aims to help martial artists increase reaction and combination speed through the use of randomly flashing targets attached to a …

Protected Ir Input System, Kevin Ersoy

Electrical Engineering

The result of this project is a product that may be used to apply a digital input to a system without physically touching a device. The combination of a modulated IR signal and reflective technology produces this remote actuation. The signal emitter should produce the modulated IR light, and the receiver should continuously wait for this signal to be received. If the IR signal should encounter an obstruction causing reflection at the appropriate distance, it will be reflected directly into the receiving device. This project may be extended to include multiple duplicate systems in proximity by transmitting a modulated digital …

Passivation Of Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes, Stephen A. Fehrman

Electrical Engineering

This senior project investigates various methods of packaging polymer LEDs. The polymer LEDs fabricated in the EE 422 Polymer Electronics lab use calcium cathodes. While calcium acts as an excellent low work function electrode, it quickly oxidizes in the presence of oxygen or water. Additionally, the intrusion of water can degrade the OC1C10-PPV electroluminescent polymer and the PEDOT polymer. Therefore, in order to use these devices outside the inert atmosphere of a glove box, we must first apply a passivation layer that inhibits the deterioration of these materials.

For this project I will test two packaging methods. The first method …

Ultracapacitor Frequency Analysis And Its Equivalent Circuit Modeling, Xiaomeng Li, Mariesa Crow

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Energy storage system is becoming more and more important in power electronics device. the Ultracapacitor or so-called electrochemical capacitor is one of the most popular choices for the energy storage system because of its distinct characters. in the application UCAP's transient behavior need to be studied for design purpose. Usually, these transient characters are not shown in the product data sheet. in this paper UCAP frequency analysis is performed, and based on the test data the equivalent model of the UCAP is built. the fitting result shows that using multi-level ladder circuit can perfectly fit the UCAP transient characters.

Layered Frequency-Domain Equalization For Single Carrier Mimo Systems With Multiple Carrier Frequency Offsets, Jian Zhang, Yahong Rosa Zheng

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, carrier frequency offsets (CFOs) are considered in a layered frequency-domain equalization (LFDE) architecture for a single carrier (SC) broadband wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system. at each layer of detection, a group of best data streams are selected to be equalized and reliably detected via removing the phase and amplitude distortion caused by the multiple CFOs. the estimated phase rotations and amplitude scalars are required to be compensated to the detected data streams in order to reconstruct the interference signals which are canceled out from the received signals. Instead of direct estimation of CFOs, our algorithm is to …

Unit Commitment With Vehicle-To-Grid Using Particle Swarm Optimization, Ahmed Yousuf Saber, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology has drawn great interest in the recent years. Success of the V2G research depends on efficient scheduling of grid able vehicles in limited parking lots. V2G can reduce dependencies on small expensive units in the existing power systems as energy storage that can decrease running costs. It can efficiently manage load fluctuation, peak load; however, it increases spinning reserves and reliability. as number of grid able vehicles in V2G is much higher than small units of existing systems, unit commitment (UC) with V2G is more complex than basic UC for thermal units. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is …

Further Development Of The Overload Risk Index, An Indicator Of System Vulnerability, John Rossmaier, Badrul Chowdhury

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper develops and expands on a previously devised vulnerability index in an attempt to make the index more robust in describing a power system's total vulnerability level. the previous index was derived using a dc load flow analysis using line outage distribution factors and Monte Carlo simulation that incorporated the unavailability rates of the transmission lines within the system. the updated index incorporates the following improvements: (a) tests to determine bus islanding in the system, (b) steady-state stability tests, (c) an optimal power flow to determine a more accurate steady-state point of operation, (d) ac analysis for a greater …

Investigation Of Crosstalk Among Vias, Songping Wu, Jun Fan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Crosstalk among vias is a critical problem in highspeed digital circuits, deteriorating signal quality and increasing jitter, especially when circuit density is high. Underlying mechanism of crosstalk among vias is investigated in this paper. using a physics-Based equivalent circuit model, crosstalk as a function of various geometrical parameters, including parallel plane pair thickness, layer count in printed circuit board (PCB) stack up, ground via patterns, and parallel plane pair dimensions, has been investigated. a multi-step crosstalk evaluation procedure is proposed based on the study for PCB layout-design verifications. © 2009 IEEE.

Equivalent Mixed-Mode Characteristic Impedances For Differential Signal Vias, Siming Pan, Jun Fan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Differential signal via structures in multi-layer printed circuit boards (PCBs) and packages are studied using an equivalent coupled multi-conductor transmission-line model. Thus, easy-to-understand transmission-line concepts, such as mixed-mode characteristic impedances and propagation constants, can be used to characterize the performance of differential signal via structures in a signal path. the closed-form expressions of per-unit-length parameters in the equivalent coupled multi-conductor transmission-line model are derived based on a physics-Based via circuit model with parallel-plane impedances and via-plate capacitances. Mode conversions are discussed for different via structures. Effects of geometrical parameters on equivalent differential via impedances are studied in the paper as …

A Real-Time Implementation Of A Pbil Based Stabilizing Controller For Synchronous Generator, Komla A. Folly, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This paper presents the optimal tuning of power system stabilizer parameters using a newly introduced evolutionary algorithm called Population based Incremental Learning (PBIL). to robustly stabilize the system, an objective function that minimizes the infinity norm of the closed-loop system is introduced such that the parameters of a fixed structure PSS are optimally tuned, and the controller stabilizes a pre-specified set of system models. the PBIL-PSS is compared with the Conventional PSS (CPSS). the simulation results presented in this paper show that the proposed PBIL-PSS is more effective than the Conventional PSS in damping the low frequency oscillations. the performance …

Predicting Noise Voltage From Trace Crossing Split Planes On Printed Circuit Boards, Weifeng Pan, Samuel Connor, Bruce Archambeault

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Printed circuit Boards (PCBs) often have high speed data traces crossing splits in the adjacent reference planes due to space limitations and cost constraints. These split planes are usually different power islands on nearby layers. This work quantifies the effect of the split plane and the associated stitching capacitor for various stack up configurations. © 2009 IEEE.

A Frequency Domain Doubletalk Detector Based On Cross-Correlation And Extension To Multi-Channel Case, Mohammad Asif Iqbal, Steven L. Grant, Jack W. Stokes

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Most teleconferencing conversations are conducted in the presence of Acoustic echoes. Typically, an adaptive filter is used to cancel the echo, with a control device called the doubletalk detector which controls the adaptation. We derive a novel test statistic for the doubletalk detection based on the cross-correlation between the microphone signal and the cancellation error for the frequency domain adaptive algorithm. the main advantage of the proposed algorithm is its simplicity and computational efficiency. We compare our results with the normalized cross-correlation based doubletalk detector proposed in [2]. We also generalize the idea of the proposed doubletalk detector (single channel) …

Comparison Among Different Via Models Based On Feature Selective Validation Technique, Siming Pan, Hanfeng Wang, Jun Fan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A new approach is proposed in this paper to validate different uncertain approaches without knowing a standard reference by applying the Feature Selective Validation (FSV) technique. New reference is established by the weighted average of the various approaches. Four via modeling methods including physics-Based circuit model, equivalent transmission line model, multiple scattering model, and full wave model are compared and validated by the approach proposed in this paper to illustrate the effectiveness of different via modeling techniques. © 2009 IEEE.

Closed-Form Expression Of Self/Mutual Power-Bus Impedances In A Finite Circular Plate Pair, Yao Jiang Zhang, Er Ping Li, Jun Fan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The drawbacks of conventional power-bus impedance, defined as an average Green's function integration over port areas, are discussed. a new definition is proposed in terms of cylindrical waves. the equivalence of the new definition and the conventional one is proved in the case of electrically small ports. Addition theorems of cylindrical waves are used to derive an analytical expression of power-bus impedance between ports in a circular plate pair with perfectly electric/magnetic conductor (PEC/PMC) boundaries as well as non-reflective perfectly matched layer (PML) for infinite plate pair. Numerical method has been used to validate the analytical expression derived.

Bio-Inspired Node Localization In Wireless Sensor Networks, Raghavendra V. Kulkarni, Ganesh K. Venayagamoorthy, Maggie X. Cheng

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Many applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) require location information of the randomly deployed nodes. a common solution to the localization problem is to deploy a few special beacon nodes having location awareness, which help the ordinary nodes to localize. in this approach, non-beacon nodes estimate their locations using noisy distance measurements from three or more non-collinear beacons they can receive signals from. in this paper, the ranging-Based localization task is formulated as a multidimensional optimization problem, and addressed using bio-inspired algorithms, exploiting their quick convergence to quality solutions. an investigation on distributed iterative localization is presented in this paper. …

Model-To-Hardware Correlation Of Disk Resonators For Via-Array Modeling In High-Speed Pcbs, Arun Reddy Chada, Young H. Kwark, Xiaoxiong Gu, Jun Fan

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In high-speed printed circuit board (PCB) designs, vias play a critical role in determining signal and power integrity. This paper uses disk resonators to investigate modeling approaches for common via array structures. Boundary integral equation (BIE) and effective dielectric medium approaches are used for a perforated disk resonator with non-plated holes, using dielectric properties derived from a solid disk resonator study. Both approaches are compared and validated with measurements. ©2009 IEEE.

Test Bed Evaluation Of Future Power Distribution Systems With Renewable Resources, Bharadwaj R. Sathyanarayana, Gerald T. Heydt, Mariesa Crow, Fanjun Meng

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Recently, the National Science Foundation (NSF) has inaugurated an Engineering Research Center dedicated to Future Renewable Electric Energy Distribution Management (FREEDM). the premise of the center is to enable the utilization of renewable resources in power distribution systems through the utilization of solid-state controllers and direct digital control. the center is at an initial stage and the focus of some effort is on the development of a test bed that will allow the evaluation of alternative system configurations, controls, solid state controllers, and operations strategies. This paper describes some of those considerations and the requirements for a test bed for …

Rfid Modeling, Characterization, And Optimization, Joseph A. Cudrnak

Electrical Engineering

Passive RFID tags may be used to transmit a message to a reader. This technology is useful for many applications, including inventory systems. However, due to electromagnetic cancellation on conductive surfaces, the reader cannot detect RFID tags placed directly on conductive objects. Using tag characterization in an RF anechoic chamber and modeling in HFSS, three types of Omni ID tags were characterized and a design was proposed to maximize signal power delivered to the reader.

Wireless Pedometer, Jeffrey Lease

Electrical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Energy Harvesting From Elliptical Machines: Dc Converter Troubleshooting, Michelle Lum, Jonathan Yuen

Electrical Engineering

In continuing the global effort to integrate innovative technology and renewable energy in the world’s power system, Cal Poly endeavors to harvest energy from elliptical machines and feed that power back into the electrical grid. This continuation of the previous project, Energy Harvesting from Exercise Machines Self‐generating Elliptical Machines, seeks an alternative DC to DC converter to function within the existing elliptical self‐generating system. By attempting to implement this new DC to DC converter, the project strives to reduce the size of the converter in order to mount it on the elliptical machine. The project also tries to explain how …

Violin Note Detector Using Digital Signal Processing, Nathaniel Kyle Mopas

Electrical Engineering

No abstract provided.

Wide I/O Dram Architecture Utilizing Proximity Communication, Qawi Ibnzayd Harvard

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

The bandwidth and power consumption of dynamic random access memory, used as the main memory of a computer system, impacts the computer’s execution rate even with the existence of a memory hierarchy. DRAM manufacturers focus on density increases due to the innate price per bit decline of main memory while processor manufacturers continually focus on boosting performance by increasing the number of instructions completed per second. This leads to a performance gap between the microprocessor and DRAM.

Proximity communication promises to increase the I/O density of DRAM products while reducing the power consumption of the main memory system. This thesis …

Compact Trench-Based Silicon-On-Insulator Rib Waveguide Ring Resonator With Large Free Spectral Range, Seunghyun Kim, Gregory P. Nordin, Weisheng Hu, Yusheng Qian, Jiguo Song, Gregory L. Wojcik

Faculty Publications

We demonstrate a compact trench-based silicon-on-insulator (SOI) rib waveguide ring resonator comprised of trench-based bends and splitters. It has a perimeter of 50 μm and occupies an area of only 25×25 μm. The measured free spectral range (FSR) is 13.2 nm, which the largest reported for an SOI rib waveguide ring resonator. The measured FSR, full width at half maximum, and quality factor match reasonably well with analytical calculations. Further calculation shows that a FSR of 50.8 nm is achievable for an SOI rib waveguide ring resonator with a perimeter of 15 μm.