Electrical and Computer Engineering Commons^™

The Deployment Of An Iot Network Infrastructure, As A Localised Regional Service, John Fox, Andrew Donnellan, Liam Doumen

Conference papers

The Internet of things (IoT) is fast evolving with a wide range of technologies being designated specifically as IoT solutions. Studies on such solutions generally reference the specific communication medium while negating the complete architecture of the IoT system. From a system perspective, a complete IoT solution can be separated into three categories, the data collector, the communication method and the cloud platform service. The data collector relates to the embedded system device (or the `things' element) at the source of the application, the communication method relates to the network protocol used to send or receive the data and the …

Phase-Only Digital Encryption Using A Three-Pass Protocol, Jonathan Blackledge, Paul Tobin, W. Govere, S. Sibanda, C. M. Adolfo

Conference papers

Abstract—This paper considers an application of phase-only digital encryption to the three-pass protocol leading to a new ‘nokey- exchange algorithm’. After providing a study on the theoretical background to the method, an algorithm is presented on a step-by-step basis together with three examples of cryptanalysis. A prototype MATLAB function is provided for validation of the approach and for further development by interested readers.

Photovoltaic Supplied T-Type Three- Phase Inverter With Harmonic Current Compensation Capability, Zahera Batool, Samet Biricik, Hasan Komurcugil, Tuan Ngo, Tuyen V. Vu

Conference papers

In this paper, a T-Type grid-connected inverter with harmonic current compensation capability is proposed and studied for the on-grid photovoltaic (PV) systems. This idea is based on the modification of the existing photovoltaic inverter control algorithm with the adaptation of active power filter control algorithm. The grid-connected PV inverter has similar topology and control methods as that of the active power filter systems. However, such multifunctional inverters have not yet matured for commercial use and call for more research. In this work, a conventional phase locked-loop algorithm is used to determine the angular position of the synchronous reference of the …

Three-Phase Two-Leg T-Type Converter Based Active Power Filter, Samet Biricik, Hasan Komurcugil, Mohamed Trabelsi

Conference papers

In this work, a three-phase two-leg T-type active power filter topology is investigated when a three-level hysteresis band current modulation technique is applied. The three-phase two-leg T-type configuration which utilizes eight switching devices together split DC link capacitor banks is able to improve the reliability of the system as well as effectively reduces the power losses. The compensation of the current harmonics at each phase are achieved successfully with the control of phase-a and phase-b. Using this technique, the phase-c is directly connected to the midpoint of the split capacitors, which eliminates the necessity of additional control on the phase-c. …

Detection Of Grid Voltage Anomalies Via Broadband Subspace Decomposition, Samet Biricik, Soydan Redif

Conference papers

Due to the increase of sensitive loads on the mains power grid, measurement and monitoring of the power quality (PQ) have become an important factor for both consumers and operators. As is well-known, PQ problems occur in a very short time period with specific characteristics. In transmission or distribution systems, power quality data are collected from monitoring devices such as digital fault recorders, power quality and dynamic system monitors, etc. The recorded data has to be analysed in order to understand system anomalies. These anomalies may be due to sources of broadband noise. In this study, we employ broadband subspace …

Demand Response And Consumer Inconvenience, Chittesh Veni Chandran, Malabika Basu, Keith Sunderland

Conference papers

Balancing the energy demand and generation using the latest load management technologies is considered as an immediate requirement for peak demand management and to improve the operation of electrical distribution networks. However, load management technologies depriving consumers of utilizing their personal resources could be perceived as a consumer right violation by many consumers, and thus, the success of the program is significantly dependent on consumer satisfaction. This paper probes consumer engagement plans through an algorithm to minimize the consumer inconvenience caused by the load management/demand response (DR) program. Four different consumer engagement plans are proposed for consumers with different tolerance …

Building A Risk Model For The Patient-Centred Care Of Multiple Chronic Diseases, Stephane Deparis, Pierpaolo Tommasi, Alessandra Pascale, Hicham Rifai, Julie Doyle, John Dinsmore

Conference papers

With the increase of multimorbidity due to population ageing, managing multiple chronic health conditions is a rising challenge. Machine-learning can contribute to a better understanding of persons with multimorbidity (PwMs) and how to design an effective framework of care and support for them. We present a risk model of older PwMs that was derived from the TILDA dataset, a longitudinal study of the ageing Irish population. This model is based on a 26-nodes Bayesian network that represents patients possibly having one or more chronic conditions among diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and arthritis, through a joint probability distribution of demographic, …

Impact On Distribution System Protection With The Integration Of Eg On The Distribution Network, Jane Courtney, Aaron Mcdonnell

Conference papers

A significant increase in EG connections on the distribution network over the past decade in Ireland has presented challenges to the Distribution System Operator (DSO). The connection of EG can cause co-ordination of Distance protection to be altered and has resulted in variations in short circuit levels. Multidirectional power flow has been introduced into a Distribution system that was not designed for the direction change in current flow. The impact of connecting EG to a typical 38 kV Distribution Network was demonstrated as part of this study. Increasing fault levels and protection co-ordination selectivity problems were identified when the network …

Distance-Based Cluster Head Election For Mobile Sensing, Ruairí De Fréin, Liam O'Farrell

Conference papers

Energy-efficient, fair, stochastic leader-selection algorithms are designed for mobile sensing scenarios which adapt the sensing strategy depending on the mobile sensing topology. Methods for electing a cluster head are crucially important when optimizing the trade-off between the number of peer-to- peer interactions between mobiles and client-server interactions with a cloud-hosted application server. The battery-life of mobile devices is a crucial constraint facing application developers who are looking to use the convergence of mobile computing and cloud computing to perform environmental sensing. We exploit the mobile network topology, specifically the location of mobiles with respect to the gateway device, to stochastically …

Comparison Of Grid Array And Microstrip Patch Array Antennas At 28 Ghz, Zeeshan Ahmed, Patrick Mcevoy, Max Ammann

Conference papers

A millimeter wave Grid Array Antenna for fifth generation (5G) communications is presented. The 20 cell, nearly-rhombic, 40×40 mm2 Grid Array Antenna structure is simulated and fabricated on a Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate with thickness of 0.25 mm. The grid array has |S11|

State Acquisition In Computer Networks, Ruairí De Fréin

Conference papers

We establish that State Acquisition should be per- formed in networks at a rate which is consistent with the rate-of-change of the element or service being observed. We demonstrate that many existing monitoring and service-level prediction tools do not acquire network state in an appropriate manner. To address this challenge: (1) we define the rate-of- change of different applications; (2) we use methods for analysis of unevenly spaced time series, specifically, time series arising from video and voice applications, to estimate the rate-of-change of these services; and finally, (3) we demonstrate how to acquire network state accurately for a number …

Study Of Mm-Wave Microstrip Patch Array On Curved Substrate, Zeeshan Ahmed, Kansheng Yang, Patrick Mcevoy, Max Ammann

Conference papers

A millimetre wave rectangular microstrip patch antenna array for fifth generation communications (5G) applications is presented. With the increase in demand for high data rates and capacity, there is a need to include mm-Wave frequencies for 5G. The 4×2 patch array is simulated and fabricated on a Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate with a thickness of 0.25 mm. The effects of bending the substrate on the antenna performance are also presented. The experimental results show a fractional bandwidth and gain of more than 3% and 16.1 dBi, respectively.

A Review Of Multimode Interference In Tapered Optical Fibers And Related Applications, Pengfei Wang, Haiyan Zhao, Xianfan Wang, Gerald Farrell, Gilberto Brambilla

Conference papers

In recent years, tapered optical fibers (TOFs) have attracted increasing interest and developed into a range of devices used in many practical applications ranging from optical communication, sensing to optical manipulation and high-Q resonators. Compared with conventional optical fibers, TOFs possess a range of unique features, such as large evanescent field, strong optical confinement, mechanical flexibility and compactness. In this review, we critically summarize the multimode interference in TOFs and some of its applications with a focus on our research project undertaken at the Optoelectronics Research Centre of the University of Southampton in the United Kingdom.

Application Of Improved Phase-Shifted Pulse Width Modulation With Third Harmonic Injection To Hybrid Modular Multi-Level Converter, Mohammad Mohsen Rahimian, Majid Hosseinpour, Malabika Basu, Michael Farrell, Shahab Sajedi

Conference papers

Hybrid modular multi-level converters (Hybrid-

MMCs) which are modular multi-level converters including full and half bridge sub-modules, are recently used in high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems. Compared to its non-hybrid counterpart, these converters have several advantages such as the ability to nullify the DC side fault current and controlling AC side reactive power during the faults. This paper proposes a novel modified phase shifted PWM method (PS-PWM) which uses a combination of an improved PS-PWM with cancelled mismatch pulses and a third harmonic injection method. The proposed method not only reduces output voltage harmonic content and uneven loss distribution …

The Potential For Power Quality Problem Mitigation Through Statcom, Arsalan Zaidi, Keith Sunderland, Michael Conlon

Conference papers

Consideration of spatial and temporal diversity of EV charging demand has been demonstrated to reduce the estimating impacts on the distribution networks. The data formulation is based on impact studies of Electrical vehicles (EV s) on distribution networks. It is suggested that Distribution System Operator (DSO) could benefit for new innovation/advancement in the market (BESS-STATCOM) in a way that makes networks more reliable/robust, In this regard such innovation creates more opportunities for demand side management, reduces planning uncertainties associated with stochastic nature of EV charging and makes space for demand side management. This work considers probabilistic load flow in a …

Review Of The Effectiveness Of Impulse Testing For The Evaluation Of Cable Insulation Quality And Recommendations For Quality Testing, Adrian Coughlan, Joseph Kearney, Tom Looby

Conference papers

Abstract— This project investigates impulse breakdown testing as a means of determining the as constructed standard of MV power cable. A literature survey is undertaken to elucidate the place of this test in an overall cable test regime and to determine the factors that impact on the performance of the test method. Testing was undertaken on ESB Networks cables to establish if a merit order ranking was feasible based on this test and to determine if the test could detect defects in the inner semiconducting layer. Based on this, conclusions and recommendations are made regarding the overall applicability and usefulness …

Data Driven Prediction Model (Ddpm) For Server Inlet Temperature Prediction In Raised-Floor Data Centers, Raymond Lloyd, Marek Rebow

Conference papers

Data centers account for approx. 1.4% of the world’s electricity consumption, of which up to 50% of that power is dedicated to keeping the actual equipment cool. This represents a huge opportunity to reduce data center energy consumption by tackling the cooling system operations with focus on thermal management. This work presents a novel Data Driven Predictive Model (DDPM) for temperature prediction of server inlet temperatures that utilises high resolution empirical temperature measurements from 52 real-life data centers. A knowledge-base of temperature data and related physical features, created via clustering techniques was used to train a series of artificial neural …

Proportional-Integral And Proportional-Resonant Based Control Strategy For Puc Inverters, Samet Biricik, Hasan Komurcugil

Conference papers

In this paper, a proportional-integral (PI) and proportional-resonant (PR) based control strategy is proposed for packed-U-cell (PUC) inverters. In the conventional PI-PI based control strategy, while the first PI regulates the DC capacitor voltage, the second PI regulates the AC load current. However, it is shown that the second PI cannot guarantee zero tracking error in the load current. The main reason of this comes from the fact that PI controllers are not able to achieve zero tracking error for the AC signals. Also, in an attempt to reduce the tracking error by tuning PI gains distorts the load current. …

A Machine Learning Management Model For Qoe Enhancement In Next-Generation Wireless Ecosystems, Eva Ibarrola, Mark Davis, Camille Voisin, Ciara Close, Leire Cristobo

Conference papers

Next-generation wireless ecosystems are expected to comprise heterogeneous technologies and diverse deployment scenarios. Ensuring a good quality of service (QoS) will be one of the major challenges of next-generation wireless systems on account of a variety of factors that are beyond the control of network and service providers. In this context, ITU-T is working on updating the various Recommendations related to QoS and users' quality of experience (QoE). Considering the ITU-T QoS framework, we propose a methodology to develop a global QoS management model for next-generation wireless ecosystems taking advantage of big data and machine learning. The results from a …

On Fixed Beamforming In Sectored Mmwave Ultra Dense Networks At 73ghz, Jasmina Mcmenamy, Haris Kremo, George A. Ropokis, Adam Narbudowicz

Conference papers

We investigate the use of fixed analogue transmit beamforming for downlink communication in millimetre-wave (mmWave) band ultra-dense networks (UDNs) at 73GHz. Our simulation study is based on 3D radiation patterns using a real design of large planar antenna arrays with different horizontal beamwidths and full characterisation of interference. The effects of network densification are captured through different ratios of the number of access points (APs) to the number of users. We quantify the system's performance by evaluating outage and achievable rate. The results show that users with rates around the mean benefit more from the densification than from narrowing the …

Operation Of Three-Level Single-Phase Half-Bridge Npc Inverter-Based Shunt Active Power Filter Under Non-Ideal Grid Voltage Condition With Sliding Mode Controller, Samet Biricik, Hasan Komurcugil, Tuan Ngo, Malabika Basu

Conference papers

In this paper, a new control method is presented for a single-phase three-level neutral point clamped half-bridge shunt active power filter with the aim of eliminating the grid current harmonics. It is shown that the proposed control me thod accurately detects the positive-sequence voltage component under distorted grid condition. With this feature, the performance of the single-phase active power filter under distorted grid voltage condition is improved considerably. Furthermore, the imbalance in the capacitor voltages which occurs in the half-bridge topology is eliminated by adding a feedback term to the current control loop.

Comparison Of Grid Array And Microstrip Patch Array Antennas At 28 Ghz, Zeeshan Ahmed, Patrick Mcevoy, Max Ammann

Conference papers

A millimeter wave Grid Array Antenna for fifth generation (5G) communications is presented. The 20 cell, nearly-rhombic, 40×40 mm2 Grid Array Antenna structure is simulated and fabricated on a Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 substrate with thickness of 0.25 mm. The grid array has |S11|

Interoperable Ocean Observing Using Archetypes: A Use-Case Based Evaluation, Paul Stacey, Damon Berry

Conference papers

This paper presents a use-case based evaluation of the impact of two-level modeling on the automatic federation of ocean observational data. The goal of the work is to increase the interoperability and data quality of aggregated ocean observations to support convenient discovery and consumption by applications. An assessment of the interoperability of served data flows from publicly available ocean observing spatial data infrastructures was performed. Barriers to consumption of existing standards-compliant ocean-observing data streams were examined, including the impact of adherence to agreed data standards. Historical data flows were mapped to a set of archetypes and a backward integration experiment …

Sliding-Mode And Proportional-Resonant Based Control Strategy For Three-Phase Two-Leg T-Type Grid-Connected Inverters With Lcl Filter, Necmi Altin, Saban Ozdemir, Hasan Komurcugil, Ibrahim Sefa, Samet Biricik

Conference papers

In this study, sliding-mode and proportional-resonant based control strategy is proposed for three-phase two-leg T-type grid-connected inverter with LCL filter. The sliding surface function is formed by using the inverter current and capacitor voltage errors. When the inverter current and capacitor voltage feedbacks are included into the control loop, the active damping requirement is automatically resolved. The PR controllers are employed in cascaded manner to generate the references for inverter current and capacitor voltage. The use of PR controllers ensures zero steady-state error in the inverter current, capacitor voltage and grid current. In addition, since the proposed three-phase inverter has …

Generalized Configurations For The Synchronization System Based On Transfer Function Approach, Tuan Ngo, Tuyen Vu, Samet Biricik

Conference papers

This paper presents our research on deriving all the generalized forms for the grid synchronization system of an inverter in the grid-connected applications. The transfer function approach is introduced in order to obtain the generalized second-order and third-order synchronization systems. This approach is based on the orthogonal property of two outputs from the second-order generalized-integrator (SOGI) technique that these two outputs are always 90° difference in phase but only equal in magnitude at the grid frequency. The proposed approach then can provide the generalized forms of any high-order synchronization system, including the second-order and the third-order systems. It is interesting …

Block-Based Classification Method For Computer Screen Image Compression, Kai Wu, Richard Gahan, Patrick O'Friel

Conference papers

In this paper, a high accuracy and reduced processing time block based classification method for computer screen images is presented. This method classifies blocks into five types: smooth, sparse, fuzzy, text and picture blocks. In a computer screen compression application, the choice of block compression algorithm is made based on these block types. The classification method presented has four novel features. The first novel feature is a combination of Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) and colour counting classification methods. Both of these methods have only been used for computer image compression in isolation in previous publications but this paper shows that …

Ambiqual – A Full Reference Objective Quality Metric For Ambisonic Spatial Audio, Miroslaw Narbutt, Andrew Allen, Jan Skoglund, Michael Chinen, Andrew Hines

Conference papers

Streaming spatial audio over networks requires efficient encoding techniques that compress the raw audio content without compromising quality of experience. Streaming service providers such as YouTube need a perceptually relevant objective audio quality metric to monitor users’ perceived quality and spatial localization accuracy. In this paper we introduce a full reference objective spatial audio quality metric, AMBIQUAL, which assesses both Listening Quality and Localization Accuracy. In our solution both metrics are derived directly from the B-format Ambisonic audio. The metric extends and adapts the algorithm used in ViSQOLAudio, a full reference objective metric designed for assessing speech and audio quality. …

An Investigation Of Argumentation Theory For The Prediction Of Survival In Elderly Using Biomarkers, Lucas Middeldorf Rizzo, Ljiljana Majnaric, Pierpaolo Dondio, Luca Longo

Conference papers

Research on the discovery, classification and validation of biological markers, or biomarkers, have grown extensively in the last decades. Newfound and correctly validated biomarkers have great potential as prognostic and diagnostic indicators, but present a complex relationship with pertinent endpoints such as survival or other diseases manifestations. This research proposes the use of computational argumentation theory as a starting point for the resolution of this problem for cases in which a large amount of data is unavailable. A knowledge-base containing 51 different biomarkers and their association with mortality risks in elderly was provided by a clinician. It was applied for …

Video Quality Prediction Under Time-Varying Loads, Obinna Izima, Ruairí De Fréin, Mark Davis

Conference papers

We are on the cusp of an era where we can responsively and adaptively predict future network performance from network device statistics in the Cloud. To make this happen, regression-based models have been applied to learn mappings between the kernel metrics of a machine in a service cluster and service quality metrics on a client machine. The path ahead requires the ability to adaptively parametrize learning algorithms for arbitrary problems and to increase computation speed. We consider methods to adaptively parametrize regularization penalties, coupled with methods for compensating for the effects of the time-varying loads present in the system, namely …

Tiled Time Delay Estimation In Mobile Cloud Computing Environments, Ruairí De Fréin

Conference papers

We present a tiled delay estimation technique in the context of Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) environments. We examine its accuracy in the presence of multiple sources for (1) sub-sample delays and also (2) in the presence of phase-wrap around. Phase wrap-around is prevalent in MCC because the separation of acoustic sources may be large. We show that tiling a histogram of instantaneous phase estimates can improve delay estimates when phase-wrap around is sig- nificantly present and also when multiple sources are present. We report that error in the delay estimator is generally less than 5% of a sample, when the …