Computer Engineering Commons^™

Parallel Approach Of Adaptive Image Thresholding Algorithm On Gpu, Adhi Prahara, Andri Pranolo, Nuril Anwar, Yingchi Mao

Knowledge Engineering and Data Science

Image thresholding is used to segment an image into background and foreground using a given threshold. The threshold can be generated using a specific algorithm instead of a pre-defined value obtained from observation or experiment. However, the algorithm involves per pixel operation, histogram calculation, and iterative procedure to search the optimum threshold that is costly for high-resolution images. In this research, parallel implementations on GPU for three adaptive image thresholding methods, namely Otsu, ISODATA, and minimum cross-entropy, were proposed to optimize their computational times to deal with high-resolution images. The approach involves parallel reduction and parallel prefix sum (scan) techniques …

A Comparative Study Of Machine Learning-Based Approach For Network Traffic Classification, Kien Trang, An Hoang Nguyen

Knowledge Engineering and Data Science

Internet usage has increased rapidly and become an essential part of human life, corresponding to the rapid development of network infrastructure in recent years. Thus, protecting users’ confidential information when joining the global network becomes one of the most significant considerations. Even though multiple encryption algorithms and techniques have been applied in different parties, including internet providers, and web hosting, this situation also allows the hacker to attack the network system anonymously. Therefore, the significance of classifying network data streams to improve network system quality and security is attracting increasing study interests. This work introduces a machine learning-based approach to …

Cnn Based Face Recognition System For Patients With Down And William Syndrome, Endang Setyati, Suharyono Az, Subroto Prasetya Hudiono, Fachrul Kurniawan

Knowledge Engineering and Data Science

Down syndrome, also known as trisomy genetic condition, is a genetic disorder that affects many people. Williams syndrome is a hereditary disorder that can affect anyone at birth. It marks medical and cognitive issues, such as cardiovascular illness, developmental delays, and learning impairments. This is accompanied by exceptional verbal abilities, a gregarious attitude, and a passion for music. Down syndrome and William Syndrome are both genetic illnesses. However, it can be distinguished from the arrangement of chromosome 21. Down syndrome and William syndrome can also be identified by recognizing faces, or facial characteristics, such as observing particular facial features. Therefore, …

Melanoma Classification Based On Simulated Annealing Optimization Neural Network, Edi Jaya Kusuma, Ika Pantiawati, Sri Handayani

Knowledge Engineering and Data Science

Technology development in image processing and artificial intelligence leads to the high demand for smart systems, especially in the health sector. Cancer is one of the diseases with the highest mortality cases worldwide. Melanoma is one of the cancers commonly caused by high exposure to UV light. The earliest the melanoma is identified, the higher the patient's chance of recovering. Therefore, this study proposes melanoma detection based on BPNN optimized by a simulated annealing algorithm. This research utilizes PH2 dermoscopic image data containing 200 color digital images in BMP format. The data is processed using color feature extraction techniques to …

Flow Choice Architecture: Cognitive Augmentation Of Knowledge Workers, Troy Ricardo Weekes

Theses and Dissertations

The Flow Choice Architecture (FCA) is a biofeedback-based behavior modification tool that was designed for operation by human knowledge workers (KWs) before, during, and after the performance of work tasks. FCA utilizes human-aware artificial intelligence (AI) that senses patterns in its operator’s bio-signals to derive their cognitive and affective states. The states are contextualized using relevant information about the operator, task, and work timeline. The contextualized operator states are then used to recommend effective nudges that orient the human KW towards the flow state. This dissertation outlines the state-of-the-art on flow, neurofeedback, and AI then explains how FCA was designed, …

Design, Extraction, And Optimization Tool Flows And Methodologies For Homogeneous And Heterogeneous Multi-Chip 2.5d Systems, Md Arafat Kabir

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Chip and packaging industries are making significant progress in 2.5D design as a result of increasing popularity of their application. In advanced high-density 2.5D packages, package redistribution layers become similar to chip Back-End-of-Line routing layers, and the gap between them scales down with pin density improvement. Chiplet-package interactions become significant and severely affect system performance and reliability. Moreover, 2.5D integration offers opportunities to apply novel design techniques. The traditional die-by-die design approach neither carefully considers these interactions nor fully exploits the cross-boundary design opportunities.

This thesis presents chiplet-package cross-boundary design, extraction, analysis, and optimization tool flows and methodologies for high-density …

Lung Nodules Identification In Ct Scans Using Multiple Instance Learning., Wiem Safta

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems for lung nodules diagnosis aim to classify nodules into benign or malignant based on images obtained from diverse imaging modalities such as Computer Tomography (CT). Automated CAD systems are important in medical domain applications as they assist radiologists in the time-consuming and labor-intensive diagnosis process. However, most available methods require a large collection of nodules that are segmented and annotated by radiologists. This process is labor-intensive and hard to scale to very large datasets. More recently, some CAD systems that are based on deep learning have emerged. These algorithms do not require the nodules to …

Addressing Security And Privacy Issues By Analyzing Vulnerabilities In Iot Applications, Francsico Javier Candelario Burgoa

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

The Internet of Things (IoT) environment has been expanding rapidly for the past few years into several areas of our lives, from factories, to stores and even into our own homes. All these new devices in our homes make our day-to-day lives easier and more comfortable with less effort on our part, converting our simple houses into smart homes. This increase in inter-connectivity brings multiple benefits including the improvement in energy efficiency in our homes, however it also brings with it some potential dangers since more points of connection mean more potential vulnerabilities in our grid. These vulnerabilities bring security …

The Network Link Outlier Factor (Nlof) For Localizing Network Faults, Christopher Mendoza

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

This work presents the Network Link Outlier Factor (NLOF), a data analytics pipeline for network fault detection and localization solution that consists of four stages. In the first stage, flow record throughput values are clustered in two sub-stages: using Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) and then a novel domain-specific ThroughPut Cluster (TPCluster) technique. In the second stage, Flow Outlier Factor (FOF) scores are computed for each flow. In the third stage, flows are traced onto the network. Finally, in the fourth stage, each link is given a Network Link Outlier Factor (NLOF) score which is the ratio …

Network Management, Optimization And Security With Machine Learning Applications In Wireless Networks, Mariam Nabil

Theses and Dissertations

Wireless communication networks are emerging fast with a lot of challenges and ambitions. Requirements that are expected to be delivered by modern wireless networks are complex, multi-dimensional, and sometimes contradicting. In this thesis, we investigate several types of emerging wireless networks and tackle some challenges of these various networks. We focus on three main challenges. Those are Resource Optimization, Network Management, and Cyber Security. We present multiple views of these three aspects and propose solutions to probable scenarios. The first challenge (Resource Optimization) is studied in Wireless Powered Communication Networks (WPCNs). WPCNs are considered a very promising approach towards sustainable, …

Ahmedabad City App, Rushabh Picha

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

The Ahmedabad City App is a city guide app that provides information on the city's accessible resources. The project's goal is to provide a concrete, one-stop platform for finding information on all of Ahmedabad's accessible resources. The main goal is to simplify the railway's schedule and make it easier for customers to get from one point to another swiftly and safely. Emergency connections such as the blood bank, fire department, police station, and hospitals will be included in the app. Restaurants and picnic areas are also included in the rejuvenation process.

The proposed system uses SQLite as the database and …

Lossy Compression And Its Application On Large Scale Scientific Datasets, Tasmia Reza

All Theses

High Performance Computing (HPC) applications are always expanding in data size and computational complexity. It is becoming necessary to consider fault tolerance and system recovery to reduce computation and resource cost in HPC systems. The computation of modern large scale HPC applications are facing bottleneck due to computation complexities, increased runtime and large data storage requirements. These issues can not be ignored in current supercomputing era. Data compression is one of the effective ways to address data storage issue. Among data compression, the lossy compression is much more feasible and efficient than the traditional lossless compression due to low I/O …

Factors Influencing Service Robot Adoption: A Comparative Analysis Of Hotel-Specific Service Robot Acceptance Models, Ying Dong

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

The market for service robots is expected to expand significantly owing to the increasing relevance of service automation under the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite the growing managerial interest in robotic applications in the hotel industry, current robotic research has been mostly conceptual with limited robot data on hand. In light of this issue, this paper will conduct a comparative analysis of hotel-specific service robot acceptance models between the Service Robot Acceptance Model (sRAM) and the Service Robot Integration Willingness (SRIW) framework. By identifying key elements of each service robot acceptance model, this paper puts an emphasis on investigating …

A Human-Embodied Drone For Dexterous Aerial Manipulation, Dongbin Kim

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Current drones perform a wide variety of tasks in surveillance, photography, agriculture, package delivery, etc. However, these tasks are performed passively without the use of human interaction. Aerial manipulation shifts this paradigm and implements drones with robotic arms that allow interaction with the environment rather than simply sensing it. For example, in construction, aerial manipulation in conjunction with human interaction could allow operators to perform several tasks, such as hosing decks, drill into surfaces, and sealing cracks via a drone. This integration with drones will henceforth be known as dexterous aerial manipulation.

Our recent work integrated the worker’s experience into …

Approaches To Improve The Execution Time Of A Quantum Network Simulation, Joseph B. Tippit

Theses and Dissertations

Evaluating quantum networks is an expensive and time-consuming task that benefits from simulation. A potential improvement is to utilize GPUs, namely by leveraging NVIDIA's programming framework, CUDA. To avoid performance pitfalls of higher level languages and programming models such as the so called "two language problem," the Julia Programming Language provides the basis for the development effort. This research develops a two module prototype quantum network simulation framework using GPUs and Julia. Performance of the software is measured and compared against other languages such as MATLAB.

Design, Development, And Testing Of Embedded Computing On Afit's Control & Autonomy Space Proximity Robot (Caspr), Collin A. Gwaltney

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis reviews RPO algorithm testbeds and discusses the development of the Control and Autonomy Space proximity Robot (CASpR) kinematic testbed housed at the Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT). CASpR operates on a rail system to propagate the trajectories of two satellites using the Hill-Clohessy-Wiltshire (HCW) Equations of Motion (EOMs). In this study, the implementation of a Jetson TX2i as an onboard flight computer is discussed and accomplished. Each hardware component used in the process of adding embedded computing as well as the software and paths of communication are all discussed in detail. Tests are conducted to assess the …

Synthesis Methodologies For Robust And Reconfigurable Clock Networks, Necati Uysal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

In today's aggressively scaled technology nodes, billions of transistors are packaged into a single integrated circuit. Electronic Design Automation (EDA) tools are needed to automatically assemble the transistors into a functioning system. One of the most important design steps in the physical synthesis is the design of the clock network. The clock network delivers a synchronizing clock signal to each sequential element. The clock signal is required to be delivered meeting timing constraints under variations and in multiple operating modes. Synthesizing such clock networks is becoming increasingly difficult with the complex power management methodologies and severe manufacturing variations. Clock network …

Collaborative Human-Machine Interfaces For Mobile Manipulators., Shamsudeen Olawale Abubakar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The use of mobile manipulators in service industries as both agents in physical Human Robot Interaction (pHRI) and for social interactions has been on the increase in recent times due to necessities like compensating for workforce shortages and enabling safer and more efficient operations amongst other reasons. Collaborative robots, or co-bots, are robots that are developed for use with human interaction through direct contact or close proximity in a shared space with the human users. The work presented in this dissertation focuses on the design, implementation and analysis of components for the next-generation collaborative human machine interfaces (CHMI) needed for …

A Youthful Metaverse: Towards Designing Safe, Equitable, And Emotionally Fulfilling Social Virtual Reality Spaces For Younger Users, Divine Maloney

All Dissertations

Social virtual reality (VR) represents the modern rendition of the metaverse, this dissertation aims to fill the research gaps while highlighting trends of youth in VR. The scientific contributions of this research include 1) expanding the current HCI understanding of the social dynamics and the interactions of teens in emerging novel online digital spaces; 2) bridging two research areas that have not been widely studied in HCI, social VR and young users in social VR; and 3) generating design implications to inform the design of future social VR platforms to better support and protect teens’ online social experiences, results which …

English-To-Ipa Transcription, Riley Roberts

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

The purpose of this project was to create a tool that could automate English-to-IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) transcription. Research was done to determine what would be required to perform such a transcription. After researching and experimenting with existing tools, it was determined that developing the signal processing and Artificial Intelligence model portion of the application would be too intensive to successfully complete within the timeframe of this project.

The choice was made to develop an iOS application, with the Python library Allosaurus used to do the speech processing and as the Artificial Intelligence model. This model was then deployed in …

Tinyml For Gait Stride Classification, Priyanka Rajendra

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Human gait classification and analysis become very important when a person has been diagnosed with a neurological disorder or has suffered an injury which has affected their ability to walk correctly. Gait strides are an important parameter to be studied as it helps the doctor to diagnose any underlying gait condition and evaluate what type of treatment suits the best for the patient’s recovery. Studying gait strides also helps athletes to improve their performance.In today’s world, machine learning has emerged as one of the most widely used technology for classification and analysis of gait characteristics. TinyML is a field of …

Monitored Compression Therapy: Using Smart Technology To Optimize The Treatment Of Lower Extremity Swelling, James Skelly

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI) and Venous Stasis Ulcers (VSUs) are symptoms which stem from diabetes – a disease effecting over 34 million people in the United States alone as of 2020. This Thesis details the design of a pressure-sensing garment used to enhance the treatment of CVI. The garment uses small force sensors (four levels: the insole of the foot, the lower leg, the lower calf, and the upper calf) to sense the pressure applied by a compression stocking. The sensed data is transmitted wirelessly via Bluetooth to a smartphone application that was developed to display the data and interface …

Material Handling With Embodied Loco-Manipulation, Jean Chagas Vaz

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Material handling is an intrinsic component of disaster response. Typically, first responders, such as firefighters and/or paramedics, must carry, push, pull, and handle objects, facilitating the transportation of goods. For many years, researchers from around the globe have sought to enable full-sized humanoid robots to perform such essential material handling tasks. This work aims to tackle current limitations of humanoids in the realm of interaction with common objects such as carts, wheelbarrows, etc. Throughout this research, many methods will be applied to ensure a stable Zero Moment Point (ZMP) trajectory to allow a robust gait while loco-manipulating a cart. The …

Machine Learning For Unmanned Aerial System (Uas) Networking, Jian Wang

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

Fueled by the advancement of 5G new radio (5G NR), rapid development has occurred in many fields. Compared with the conventional approaches, beamforming and network slicing enable 5G NR to have ten times decrease in latency, connection density, and experienced throughput than 4G long term evolution (4G LTE). These advantages pave the way for the evolution of Cyber-physical Systems (CPS) on a large scale. The reduction of consumption, the advancement of control engineering, and the simplification of Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) enable the UAS networking deployment on a large scale to become feasible. The UAS networking can finish multiple complex …

Smart Glasses Assisting Visually-Impaired People, Ali Delham Algarni

Theses and Dissertations

Smart Glasses Assisting Visually-Impaired artificial intelligence system providing speech recognition, object recognition, face recognition, and distance to all features for visually impaired people's enhanced (daily) autonomy. Smart Glasses Assisting Visually-Impaired People is a new integrative process that combines as such, the invention is both a further use of the technologies supporting the features listed above and an improvement to the overall activities carried out by visually impaired people in their daily lives activities such as: providing vocal commands, being able to read text, being able to receive spoken information about various objects in their surroundings, being aware of their location …

Forecasting Sep Events Based On Merged Cme Catalogs Using Machine Learning, Peter William Tarsoly

Theses and Dissertations

The lack of preparation for a Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) event may be catastrophic for astronauts and aircraft passengers alike, along with their electronic equipment. It is widely theorized that SEP events are caused by Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs), some occurring up to a full day beforehand, accompanied by additional space weather conditions. The only significant models for SEP forecasting are statistically or machine learning-based, often developed on imprecise data. We present an enhanced catalog of CMEs, along with other space weather phenomena, and their relationship with the occurrence of SEP events. Using the enhanced CME catalog, we combine machine …

Generation, Analysis, And Evaluation Of Patient-Specific, Osteoligamentous, Spine Meshes, Austin R. Tapp

Biomedical Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Scoliosis, an abnormal curvature of the spine, is traditionally corrected with bracing treatments or by a highly invasive posterior spinal fusion (PSF) operation. These correction strategies are constrained by current imaging modalities, which fail to elucidate the soft tissue anatomy that is known to play a critical role in spinal stiffness and overall structure. Osteoligamentous segmentations of the spinal column offer a foundation for downstream finite element (FE) studies seeking to optimize bracing treatments or determine ideal surgical approaches.

This thesis presents methods for automatically and semi-automatically segmenting vertebrae and surrounding soft tissues of the spinal column using X-ray computed …

Optimizing A Virtual Human Platform For Depression/Suicide Ideation Identification For The American Soldier, Christina M. Monahan

Master's Theses

Suicide surpassed homicide to be the second leading cause of death among people 10-24 years old in the United States \cite{1}. This statistic is alarming especially when combined with the more than eight distinctly different types of clinical depression among society today \cite{2}. To further complicate this health crisis, let’s consider the current worldwide isolating pandemic often referred to as COVID-19 that has spanned 12 months. It is more important than ever to consider how we can get ahead of the crisis by identifying the symptoms as they set in and more importantly ahead of the decision to commit suicide. …

Wi-Fi Sensing: Device-Free In-Zone Object Movement Detection, Nicholas P. Schnorr

Master's Theses

Wi-Fi Sensing is becoming a prominent field with a wide range of potential applications. Using existing hardware on a wireless network such as access points, cell phones, and smart home devices, important information can be inferred about the current physical environment. Through the analysis of Channel State Information collected in the Neighborhood Discovery Protocol process, the wireless network can detect disturbances in Wi-Fi signals when the physical environment changes. This results in a system that can sense motion within the Wi-Fi network, allowing for movement detection without any wearable devices.

The goal of this thesis is to answer whether Wi-Fi …

Integration Of Internet Of Things And Health Recommender Systems, Moonkyung Yang

Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations

The Internet of Things (IoT) has become a part of our lives and has provided many enhancements to day-to-day living. In this project, IoT in healthcare is reviewed. IoT-based healthcare is utilized in remote health monitoring, observing chronic diseases, individual fitness programs, helping the elderly, and many other healthcare fields. There are three main architectures of smart IoT healthcare: Three-Layer Architecture, Service-Oriented Based Architecture (SoA), and The Middleware-Based IoT Architecture. Depending on the required services, different IoT architecture are being used. In addition, IoT healthcare services, IoT healthcare service enablers, IoT healthcare applications, and IoT healthcare services focusing on Smartwatch …