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Articles 31 - 60 of 271
Full-Text Articles in Computer Engineering
Human-Ai Teaming During An Ongoing Disaster: How Scripts Around Training And Feedback Reveal This Is A Form Of Human-Machine Communication, Keri K. Stephens, Anastazja G. Harris, Amanda L. Hughes, Carolyn E. Montagnolo, Karim Nader, S. Ashley Stevens, Tara Tasuji, Yifan Xu, Hemant Purohit, Christopher W. Zobel
Human-Ai Teaming During An Ongoing Disaster: How Scripts Around Training And Feedback Reveal This Is A Form Of Human-Machine Communication, Keri K. Stephens, Anastazja G. Harris, Amanda L. Hughes, Carolyn E. Montagnolo, Karim Nader, S. Ashley Stevens, Tara Tasuji, Yifan Xu, Hemant Purohit, Christopher W. Zobel
Human-Machine Communication
Humans play an integral role in identifying important information from social media during disasters. While human annotation of social media data to train machine learning models is often viewed as human-computer interaction, this study interrogates the ontological boundary between such interaction and human-machine communication. We conducted multiple interviews with participants who both labeled data to train machine learning models and corrected machine-inferred data labels. Findings reveal three themes: scripts invoked to manage decision-making, contextual scripts, and scripts around perceptions of machines. Humans use scripts around training the machine—a form of behavioral anthropomorphism—to develop social relationships with them. Correcting machine-inferred data …
Chatgpt, Lamda, And The Hype Around Communicative Ai: The Automation Of Communication As A Field Of Research In Media And Communication Studies, Andreas Hepp, Wiebke Loosen, Stephan Dreyer, Juliane Jarke, Sigrid Kannengießer, Christian Katzenbach, Rainer Malaka, Michaela Pfadenhauer, Cornelius Puschmann, Wolfgang Schulz
Chatgpt, Lamda, And The Hype Around Communicative Ai: The Automation Of Communication As A Field Of Research In Media And Communication Studies, Andreas Hepp, Wiebke Loosen, Stephan Dreyer, Juliane Jarke, Sigrid Kannengießer, Christian Katzenbach, Rainer Malaka, Michaela Pfadenhauer, Cornelius Puschmann, Wolfgang Schulz
Human-Machine Communication
The aim of this article is to more precisely define the field of research on the automation of communication, which is still only vaguely discernible. The central thesis argues that to be able to fully grasp the transformation of the media environment associated with the automation of communication, our view must be broadened from a preoccupation with direct interactions between humans and machines to societal communication. This more widely targeted question asks how the dynamics of societal communication change when communicative artificial intelligence—in short: communicative AI—is integrated into aspects of societal communication. To this end, we recommend an approach that …
Disentangling Two Fundamental Paradigms In Human-Machine Communication Research: Media Equation And Media Evocation, Margot J. Van Der Goot, Katrin Etzrodt
Disentangling Two Fundamental Paradigms In Human-Machine Communication Research: Media Equation And Media Evocation, Margot J. Van Der Goot, Katrin Etzrodt
Human-Machine Communication
In this theoretical paper, we delineate two fundamental paradigms in how scholars conceptualize the nature of machines in human-machine communication (HMC). In addition to the well-known Media Equation paradigm, we distinguish the Media Evocation paradigm. The Media Equation paradigm entails that people respond to machines as if they are humans, whereas the Media Evocation paradigm conceptualizes machines as objects that can evoke reflections about ontological categories. For each paradigm, we present the main propositions, research methodologies, and current challenges. We conclude with theoretical implications on how to integrate the two paradigms, and with a call for mixed-method research that includes …
Micro-Credentialing With Fuzzy Content Matching: An Educational Data-Mining Approach, Paul Amoruso
Micro-Credentialing With Fuzzy Content Matching: An Educational Data-Mining Approach, Paul Amoruso
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
There is a growing need to assess and issue micro-credentials within STEM curricula. Although one approach is to insert a free-standing academic activity into the students learning and degree path, herein the development and mechanism of an alternative approach rooted in leveraging responses on digitized quiz-based assessments is developed. An online assessment and remediation protocol with accompanying Python-based toolset was developed to engage undergraduate tutors who identify and fill knowledge gaps of at-risk learners. Digitized assessments, personalized tutoring, and automated micro-credentialing scripts for Canvas LMS are used to issue skill-specific badges which motivate the learner incrementally, while increasing self-efficacy. This …
Leveraging Signal Transfer Characteristics And Parasitics Of Spintronic Circuits For Area And Energy-Optimized Hybrid Digital And Analog Arithmetic, Adrian Tatulian
Leveraging Signal Transfer Characteristics And Parasitics Of Spintronic Circuits For Area And Energy-Optimized Hybrid Digital And Analog Arithmetic, Adrian Tatulian
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
While Internet of Things (IoT) sensors offer numerous benefits in diverse applications, they are limited by stringent constraints in energy, processing area and memory. These constraints are especially challenging within applications such as Compressive Sensing (CS) and Machine Learning (ML) via Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), which require dot product computations on large data sets. A solution to these challenges has been offered by the development of crossbar array architectures, enabled by recent advances in spintronic devices such as Magnetic Tunnel Junctions (MTJs). Crossbar arrays offer a compact, low-energy and in-memory approach to dot product computation in the analog domain by …
Designing A Loving Robot: A Social Construction Analysis Of A Sex Robot Creator’S Vision, Annette Masterson
Designing A Loving Robot: A Social Construction Analysis Of A Sex Robot Creator’S Vision, Annette Masterson
Human-Machine Communication
In 2018, one of the world’s first sex robots was released by CEO Matt McMullen and his company, RealDoll. With artificial intelligence capabilities, the Harmony model is meant to support and converse with users. Using a social construction of technology theory lens, this study develops the theory’s fourth level of analysis, emphasizing mass media’s construction abilities. A critical discourse analysis of 38 publicity interviews found a tendency to emphasize the companionship of sex robots while envisioning a future where integration is normalized, and a sentient robot is possible. As the creator, McMullen’s vision could determine the future of robotic design, …
The Evolution Of Gendered Software: Products, Scientific Reasoning, Criticism, And Tools, Victoria A. E. Kratel
The Evolution Of Gendered Software: Products, Scientific Reasoning, Criticism, And Tools, Victoria A. E. Kratel
Human-Machine Communication
Over the past 7 decades, gendered software has become globally established. In this theoretical distribution, I outline the evolution of gendered software. The journey of gendered software started with the raw idea fueled by Alan Turing’s imitation game in the 1950s. And only shortly thereafter, in the 1960s and 1970s, the first gendered software products like Joseph Weizenbaum’s ELIZA were developed. Thus, academia took its time to not only explore technological aspects, but to further investigate the matter of gender in the 1990s CASA-paradigm (Nass et al., 1994) and Media Equation (Reeves & Nass, 1996). As these theories reasoned the …
Do People Perceive Alexa As Gendered? A Cross-Cultural Study Of People’S Perceptions, Expectations, And Desires Of Alexa, Leopoldina Fortunati, Autumn P. Edwards, Anna Maria Manganelli, Chad Edwards, Federico De Luca
Do People Perceive Alexa As Gendered? A Cross-Cultural Study Of People’S Perceptions, Expectations, And Desires Of Alexa, Leopoldina Fortunati, Autumn P. Edwards, Anna Maria Manganelli, Chad Edwards, Federico De Luca
Human-Machine Communication
Mainly, the scholarly debate on Alexa has focused on sexist/anti-woman gender representations in the everyday life of many families, on a cluster of themes such as privacy, insecurity, and trust, and on the world of education and health. This paper takes another stance and explores via online survey methodology how university student respondents in two countries (the United States, n = 333; and Italy, n = 322) perceive Alexa’s image and gender, what they expect from this voice-based assistant, and how they would like Alexa to be. Results of a free association exercise showed that Alexa’s image was scarcely embodied …
Gender And Human-Machine Communication: Where Are We?, Leopoldina Fortunati, Autumn P. Edwards
Gender And Human-Machine Communication: Where Are We?, Leopoldina Fortunati, Autumn P. Edwards
Human-Machine Communication
In this introduction to the fifth volume of the journal Human-Machine Communication, we present and discuss the five articles focusing on gender and human-machine communication. In this essay, we will analyze the theme of gender, including how this notion has historically and politically been set up, and for what reasons. We will start by considering gender in in-person communication, then we will progress to consider what happens to gender when it is mediated by the most important ICTs that preceded HMC: the telephone, mobile phone, and computer-mediated communication (CMC). We outline the historical framework necessary to analyze the last section …
Advanced Deep Learning Methodologies For Deepfake Detection, Aminollah Khormali
Advanced Deep Learning Methodologies For Deepfake Detection, Aminollah Khormali
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
The recent advances in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and an abundance of training samples along with robust computational resources have significantly propelled the field of AI-generated fake information in all kinds, e.g., deepfakes. Deepfakes are among the most sinister types of misinformation, posing large-scale and severe security and privacy risks targeting critical governmental institutions and ordinary people across the world. The fact that deepfakes are AI-generated digital content and not actual events captured by a camera implies that they still can be detected using advanced AI models. Although the deepfake detection task has …
Exoskeletons And The Future Of Work: Envisioning Power And Control In A Workforce Without Limits, Gavin L. Kirkwood, J. Nan Wilkenfeld, Norah E. Dunbar
Exoskeletons And The Future Of Work: Envisioning Power And Control In A Workforce Without Limits, Gavin L. Kirkwood, J. Nan Wilkenfeld, Norah E. Dunbar
Human-Machine Communication
Exoskeletons are an emerging form of technology that combines the skills of both machines and humans to give wearers the ability to complete physically demanding tasks that would be too strenuous for most humans. Exoskeleton adoption has the potential to both enhance and disrupt many aspects of work, including power dynamics in the workplace and the human-machine interactions that take place. Dyadic Power Theory (DPT) is a useful theory for exploring the impacts of exoskeleton adoption. In this conceptual paper, we extend DPT to relationships between humans and machines in organizations, as well as human-human communication where use of an …
Human-Machine Communication: Complete Volume 4
Human-Machine Communication: Complete Volume 4
Human-Machine Communication
This is the complete volume of HMC Volume 4.
Embracing Ai-Based Education: Perceived Social Presence Of Human Teachers And Expectations About Machine Teachers In Online Education, Jihyun Kim, Kelly Merrill Jr., Kun Xu, Deanna D. Sellnow
Embracing Ai-Based Education: Perceived Social Presence Of Human Teachers And Expectations About Machine Teachers In Online Education, Jihyun Kim, Kelly Merrill Jr., Kun Xu, Deanna D. Sellnow
Human-Machine Communication
Technological advancements in education have turned the idea of machines as teachers into a reality. To better understand this phenomenon, the present study explores how college students develop expectations (or anticipations) about a machine teacher, particularly an AI teaching assistant. Specifically, the study examines whether students’ previous experiences with online courses taught by a human teacher would influence their expectations about AI teaching assistants in future online courses. An online survey was conducted to collect data from college students in the United States. Findings indicate that positively experienced social presence of a human teacher helps develop positive expectations about an …
Sex With Robots And Human-Machine Sexualities: Encounters Between Human-Machine Communication And Sexuality Studies, Marco Dehnert
Sex With Robots And Human-Machine Sexualities: Encounters Between Human-Machine Communication And Sexuality Studies, Marco Dehnert
Human-Machine Communication
Sex robots are a controversial topic. Understood as artificial-intelligence enhanced humanoid robots designed for use in partnered and solo sex, sex robots offer ample opportunities for theorizing from a Human-Machine Communication (HMC) perspective. This comparative literature review conjoins the seemingly disconnected literatures of HMC and sexuality studies (SeS) to explore questions surrounding intimacy, love, desire, sex, and sexuality among humans and machines. In particular, I argue for understanding human-machine sexualities as communicative sexuotechnical-assemblages, extending previous efforts in both HMC and SeS for more-than-human, ecological, and more fluid approaches to humans and machines, as well as to sex and sexuality. This …
I Get By With A Little Help From My Bots: Implications Of Machine Agents In The Context Of Social Support, Austin Beattie, Andrew C. High
I Get By With A Little Help From My Bots: Implications Of Machine Agents In The Context Of Social Support, Austin Beattie, Andrew C. High
Human-Machine Communication
In this manuscript we discuss the increasing use of machine agents as potential sources of support for humans. Continued examination of the use of machine agents, particularly chatbots (or “bots”) for support is crucial as more supportive interactions occur with these technologies. Building off extant research on supportive communication, this manuscript reviews research that has implications for bots as support providers. At the culmination of the literature review, several propositions regarding how factors of technological efficacy, problem severity, perceived stigma, and humanness affect the process of support are proposed. By reviewing relevant studies, we integrate research on human-machine and supportive …
Considering The Context To Build Theory In Hci, Hri, And Hmc: Explicating Differences In Processes Of Communication And Socialization With Social Technologies, Andrew Gambino, Bingjie Liu
Considering The Context To Build Theory In Hci, Hri, And Hmc: Explicating Differences In Processes Of Communication And Socialization With Social Technologies, Andrew Gambino, Bingjie Liu
Human-Machine Communication
The proliferation and integration of social technologies has occurred quickly, and the specific technologies with which we engage are ever-changing. The dynamic nature of the development and use of social technologies is often acknowledged by researchers as a limitation. In this manuscript, however, we present a discussion on the implications of our modern technological context by focusing on processes of socialization and communication that are fundamentally different from their interpersonal corollary. These are presented and discussed with the goal of providing theoretical building blocks toward a more robust understanding of phenomena of human-computer interaction, human-robot interaction, human-machine communication, and interpersonal …
Fight For Flight: The Narratives Of Human Versus Machine Following Two Aviation Tragedies, Andrew Prahl, Rio Kin Ho Leung, Alicia Ning Shan Chua
Fight For Flight: The Narratives Of Human Versus Machine Following Two Aviation Tragedies, Andrew Prahl, Rio Kin Ho Leung, Alicia Ning Shan Chua
Human-Machine Communication
This study provides insight into the relationship between human and machine in the professional aviation community following the 737 MAX accidents. Content analysis was conducted on a discussion forum for professional pilots to identify the major topics emerging in discussion of the accidents. A subsequent narrative analysis reveals dominant arguments of human versus machine as zero-sum, surrender to machines, and an epidemic of mistrust. Results are discussed in the context of current issues in human-machine communication, and we discuss what other quickly automating industries can learn from aviation’s experience.
Human-Machine Communication Scholarship Trends: An Examination Of Research From 2011 To 2021 In Communication Journals, Riley J. Richards, Patric R. Spence, Chad Edwards
Human-Machine Communication Scholarship Trends: An Examination Of Research From 2011 To 2021 In Communication Journals, Riley J. Richards, Patric R. Spence, Chad Edwards
Human-Machine Communication
Despite a relatively short history, the modern-day study of communication has grown into multiple subfields. To better understand the relationship between Human-Machine Communication (HMC) research and traditional communication science, this study examines the published scholarship in 28 communication-specific journals from 2011–2021 focused on human-machine communication (HMC). Findings suggest limited prior emphasis of HMC research within the 28 reviewed journals; however, more recent trends show a promising future for HMC scholarship. Additionally, HMC appears to be diverse in the specific context areas of research in the communication context. Finally, we offer future directions of research and suggestions for the development of …
Big Data Processing Attribute Based Access Control Security, Anne Tall
Big Data Processing Attribute Based Access Control Security, Anne Tall
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
The purpose of this research is to analyze the security of next-generation big data processing (BDP) and examine the feasibility of applying advanced security features to meet the needs of modern multi-tenant, multi-level data analysis. The research methodology was to survey of the status of security mechanisms in BDP systems and identify areas that require further improvement. Access control (AC) security services were identified as priority area, specifically Attribute Based Access Control (ABAC). The exemplar BDP system analyzed is the Apache Hadoop ecosystem. We created data generation software, analysis programs, and posted the detailed the experiment configuration on GitHub. Overall, …
Examining Cooperative System Responses Against Grid Integrity Attacks, Alexander D. Parady
Examining Cooperative System Responses Against Grid Integrity Attacks, Alexander D. Parady
Honors Undergraduate Theses
Smart grid technologies are integral to society’s transition to sustainable energy sources, but they do not come without a cost. As the energy sector shifts away from a century’s reliance on fossil fuels and centralized generation, technology that actively monitors and controls every aspect of the power infrastructure has been widely adopted, resulting in a plethora of new vulnerabilities that have already wreaked havoc on critical infrastructure. Integrity attacks that feedback false data through industrial control systems, which result in possible catastrophic overcorrections and ensuing failures, have plagued grid infrastructure over the past several years. This threat is now at …
Biomimetic Design, Modeling, And Adaptive Control Of Robotic Gripper For Optimal Grasping, Mushtaq Al-Mohammed
Biomimetic Design, Modeling, And Adaptive Control Of Robotic Gripper For Optimal Grasping, Mushtaq Al-Mohammed
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Grasping is an essential skill for almost every assistive robot. Variations in shape and/or weight of different objects involved in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) lead to complications, especially, when the robot is trying to grip novel objects for which it has no prior information –too much force will deform or crush the object while too little force will lead to slipping and possibly dropped objects. Thus, successful grasping requires the gripper to immobilize an object with the minimal force. In Chapter 2, we present the design, analysis, and experimental implementation of an adaptive control to facilitate 1-click grasping of …
Energy And Area Efficient Machine Learning Architectures Using Spin-Based Neurons, Hossein Pourmeidani
Energy And Area Efficient Machine Learning Architectures Using Spin-Based Neurons, Hossein Pourmeidani
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Recently, spintronic devices with low energy barrier nanomagnets such as spin orbit torque-Magnetic Tunnel Junctions (SOT-MTJs) and embedded magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM) devices are being leveraged as a natural building block to provide probabilistic sigmoidal activation functions for RBMs. In this dissertation research, we use the Probabilistic Inference Network Simulator (PIN-Sim) to realize a circuit-level implementation of deep belief networks (DBNs) using memristive crossbars as weighted connections and embedded MRAM-based neurons as activation functions. Herein, a probabilistic interpolation recoder (PIR) circuit is developed for DBNs with probabilistic spin logic (p-bit)-based neurons to interpolate the probabilistic output of the neurons …
Mixed-Criticality System Design For Real-Time Scheduling And Routing Upon Platforms With Uncertainties, Sudharsan Vaidhun Bhaskar
Mixed-Criticality System Design For Real-Time Scheduling And Routing Upon Platforms With Uncertainties, Sudharsan Vaidhun Bhaskar
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
Unlike typical computing systems, applications in real-time systems require strict timing guarantees. In the pursuit of providing guarantees, the complex dynamic behaviors of these systems are simplified using models to keep the analysis tractable. In order to guarantee safety, such models often involve pessimistic assumptions. While the amount of pessimism was reasonable for simple computing platforms, for modern platforms the pessimism involves ignoring features that improve performance such as cache usage, instruction pipelines, and more. In this work, we explore routing and scheduling problems in real-time systems, where the uncertainties in the operation are carefully accounted for by complex models …
Optimal Feature Learning For Facial Expression Recognition, Kamran Ali
Optimal Feature Learning For Facial Expression Recognition, Kamran Ali
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
A great deal of research has been done to improve the performance of Facial Expression Recognition (FER) algorithms, but extracting optimal features to represent expressions remains a challenging task. The biggest drawback is that most work on FER ignores the inter-subject variations in facial attributes of individuals present in data. Hence, the representation extracted for the recognition of expressions is polluted by identity-related features that negatively affect the generalization capability of a FER technique on unseen identities. To overcome the effect of subject-identity bias, previous research shows the effectiveness of extracting identity-invariant expression features for FER. However, most of those …
Self Adaptive Reinforcement Learning For High-Dimensional Stochastic Systems With Application To Robotic Control, Sayyed Jaffar Ali Raza
Self Adaptive Reinforcement Learning For High-Dimensional Stochastic Systems With Application To Robotic Control, Sayyed Jaffar Ali Raza
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
A long standing goal in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) is to develop agents that can perceive richer problem space and effortlessly plan their activity in minimal duration. Several strides have been made towards this goal over the last few years due to simultaneous advances in compute power, optimized algorithms, and most importantly evident success of AI based machines in nearly every discipline. The progress has been especially rapid in area of reinforcement learning (RL) where computers can now plan-ahead their activities and outperform their human rivals in complex problem domains like chess or Go game. However, despite encouraging …
Synthesis Methodologies For Robust And Reconfigurable Clock Networks, Necati Uysal
Synthesis Methodologies For Robust And Reconfigurable Clock Networks, Necati Uysal
Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023
In today's aggressively scaled technology nodes, billions of transistors are packaged into a single integrated circuit. Electronic Design Automation (EDA) tools are needed to automatically assemble the transistors into a functioning system. One of the most important design steps in the physical synthesis is the design of the clock network. The clock network delivers a synchronizing clock signal to each sequential element. The clock signal is required to be delivered meeting timing constraints under variations and in multiple operating modes. Synthesizing such clock networks is becoming increasingly difficult with the complex power management methodologies and severe manufacturing variations. Clock network …
Human-Machine Communication: Complete Volume. Volume 3. Diffusion Of Human-Machine Communication During And After The Covid-19 Pandemic
Human-Machine Communication
This is the complete volume of HMC Volume 3. Diffusion of Human-Machine Communication During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic
What Will Affect The Diffusion Of Ai Agents?, James W. Dearing
What Will Affect The Diffusion Of Ai Agents?, James W. Dearing
Human-Machine Communication
For billions of people, the threat of the Novel Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and its variants has precipitated the adoption of new behaviors. Pandemics are radical events that disrupt the gradual course of societal change, offering the possibility that some rapidly adopted innovations will persist in use past the time period of the event and, thus, diffuse more rapidly than in the absence of such an event. Human-machine communication includes a range of technologies with which many of us have quickly become more familiar due to stay-athome orders, distancing, workplace closures, remote instruction, home-bound entertainment, fear of contracting COVID-19, and boredom. In …
The Role Of Vidura Chatbot In The Diffusion Of Knowcovid-19 Gateway, Kerk F. Kee, Prasad P. Calyam, Hariharan Regunath
The Role Of Vidura Chatbot In The Diffusion Of Knowcovid-19 Gateway, Kerk F. Kee, Prasad P. Calyam, Hariharan Regunath
Human-Machine Communication
The COVID-19 pandemic is an unprecedented global emergency. Clinicians and medical researchers are suddenly thrown into a situation where they need to keep up with the latest and best evidence for decision-making at work in order to save lives and develop solutions for COVID-19 treatments and preventions. However, a challenge is the overwhelming numbers of online publications with a wide range of quality. We explain a science gateway platform designed to help users to filter the overwhelming amount of literature efficiently (with speed) and effectively (with quality), to find answers to their scientific questions. It is equipped with a chatbot …
Communicative Development And Diffusion Of Humanoid Ai Robots For The Post-Pandemic Health Care System, Do Kyun David Kim, Gary Kreps, Rukhsana Ahmed
Communicative Development And Diffusion Of Humanoid Ai Robots For The Post-Pandemic Health Care System, Do Kyun David Kim, Gary Kreps, Rukhsana Ahmed
Human-Machine Communication
As humanoid robot technology, anthropomorphized by artificial intelligence (AI), has rapidly advanced to introduce more human-resembling automated robots that can communicate, interact, and work like humans, we have begun to expect active interactions with Humanoid AI Robots (HAIRs) in the near future. Coupled with the HAIR technology development, the COVID-19 pandemic triggered our interest in using health care robots with many substantial advantages that overcome critical human vulnerabilities against the strong infectious COVID-19 virus. Recognizing the tremendous potential for the active application of HAIRs, this article explores feasible ways to implement HAIRs in health care and patient services and suggests …