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Articles 1 - 20 of 20
Full-Text Articles in Structural Engineering
Ensemble-Learning Model Based Ultimate Moment Prediction Of Reinforced Concrete Members Strengthened By Uhpc, Woubishet Zewdu Taffese, Yanping Zhu, Genda Chen
Ensemble-Learning Model Based Ultimate Moment Prediction Of Reinforced Concrete Members Strengthened By Uhpc, Woubishet Zewdu Taffese, Yanping Zhu, Genda Chen
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Data-driven model development brings new approaches to solve conventional civil engineering problems, which are usually considered and answered by experimental, analytical, and numerical methods. This study aims to develop an ensemble learning model (i.e., XGBoost: eXtreme Gradient Boosting) to predict ultimate moment of reinforced concrete (RC) members strengthened by a newly developed concrete technology – ultrahigh performance concrete (UHPC). The study considered two scenarios, incorporating eighteen and seventeen features, with one feature modification involving the transformation of width and height to the cross-sectional area of RC members. Incorporating three substrate damage levels, two substrate surface treatments preceding UHPC strengthening, and …
Utilizing Ensemble Learning In The Classifications Of Ductile And Brittle Failure Modes Of Uhpc Strengthened Rc Members, Woubishet Zewdu Taffese, Yanping Zhu, Genda Chen
Utilizing Ensemble Learning In The Classifications Of Ductile And Brittle Failure Modes Of Uhpc Strengthened Rc Members, Woubishet Zewdu Taffese, Yanping Zhu, Genda Chen
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This study aims to achieve the swift and precise classification of ductile and brittle failure modes in flexural reinforced concrete (RC) members, specifically those with tension sides strengthened by ultrahigh performance concrete (UHPC). Employing six ensemble learning techniques—Bagging, Random Forest, AdaBoost, Gradient Boosting, XGBoost, and LightGBM—the authors utilize a comprehensive dataset comprising 14 features, which include manually labeled failure modes obtain from load–deflection curves. The model training spans four scenarios, varying in the inclusion or exclusion of features describing the cross-sectional area of RC members and moment resistance. XGBoost emerges as the most effective classifier, achieving an impressive 84% accuracy …
Implementation Of Ground Penetrating Radar (Gpr) And Complementary Non-Destructive Testing On Concrete Structures, Macy Spears
Implementation Of Ground Penetrating Radar (Gpr) And Complementary Non-Destructive Testing On Concrete Structures, Macy Spears
College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations
This study analyzes the application and practicality of different non-destructive testing (NDT) methods for the inspection of reinforced concrete. There are two studies discussed in this paper. The first one is a laboratory investigation, utilizing ground penetrating radar (GPR) on concrete slabs that consisted of simulated defects to mimic those found in real concrete structures. This served as a preliminary experiment to verify the GPR data with the design of the slabs. The following study describes a field investigation on an old bridge deck, which involved multiple testing methods. The techniques used were GPR, impact echo (IE), ultrasonic pulse echo …
The Effect Of Reinforcing Bar Bend Radius On The Strength And Behavior Of Knee Joints, Xitong Zhou, Christopher S. Williams, Hwa Ching Wang
The Effect Of Reinforcing Bar Bend Radius On The Strength And Behavior Of Knee Joints, Xitong Zhou, Christopher S. Williams, Hwa Ching Wang
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
The strut-and-tie method (STM) is used by structural engineers to design discontinuity regions of reinforced concrete structures. Using STM, the stress distribution in a concrete member is expressed as a set of struts, ties, and nodes in a strut-and-tie model. These components are then proportioned and evaluated to develop an appropriate design. One type of node that appears in knee joints (i.e., frame corners) subjected to closing moments is referred to as a curved-bar node. Although curved-bar nodes represent a unique concentration of stresses in a structure, little research focused on curved-bar node design has been conducted. In response to …
Investigating Composite Action At Ultimate For Commercial Sandwich Panel Composite Connectors, Salam Al-Rubaye, Taylor J. Sorensen, Marc Maguire
Investigating Composite Action At Ultimate For Commercial Sandwich Panel Composite Connectors, Salam Al-Rubaye, Taylor J. Sorensen, Marc Maguire
Faculty Publications
To achieve full or partial-composite action in prestressed concrete sandwich panel walls, the engineer must obtain a percent composite action from a connector manufacturer, making some engineers uncomfortable. Engineers are dependent upon the recommendations given by the connector manufacturers to establish their designs. This project tested six full-scale sandwich panel walls to evaluate the percent composite action of various connectors and compare the results to those provided by the composite connector manufacturers. This study concluded that the reported degrees of composite action from each manufacturer are considered conservative in all instances for the connectors tested in this paper. Additionally, the …
Strength Of Reinforced Concrete Beams With High-Strength Steel, Brian C. Rogers, Aishwarya Puranam, Santiago Pujol
Strength Of Reinforced Concrete Beams With High-Strength Steel, Brian C. Rogers, Aishwarya Puranam, Santiago Pujol
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
Structures are commonly made of reinforced concrete, which is a composite material made of concrete and steel reinforcement. Using high-strength steel, with yield stress larger than 100 ksi, could help reduce the quantity of steel required in structural members, thus reducing costs and improving constructability. The hypothesis being tested is that smaller quantities of high-strength steel reinforcement (HSSR) can be used in place of conventional steel in reinforced concrete beams while maintaining similar strength and deformation at failure. Two reinforced concrete beams with two different types of longitudinal steel reinforcement were constructed. The beams were 18 in. wide, 30 in. …
High Strength Steel In The Reinforced Concrete Structures: Serviceability, Alan Kanybek, Aishwarya Puranam, Santiago Pujol
High Strength Steel In The Reinforced Concrete Structures: Serviceability, Alan Kanybek, Aishwarya Puranam, Santiago Pujol
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
The use of high-strength steel (yield stress larger than 100 ksi) in reinforced concrete structures can provide an effective alternative to using conventional steel (yield stress up to 80 ksi). The goal of this study is to investigate if slabs with reduced quantities of high-strength steel reinforcement meet the serviceability criteria. Instantaneous and long-term deflections in slab specimens with conventional steel and reduced amounts of high-strength steel (as compared with conventional steel) were studied. Two sets of two reinforced concrete slabs, each 14 ft. long, 30 in. wide, were built. The depth, quantity, and type of longitudinal reinforcement were varied …
Durability-Based Optimal Design Methodology For Rc Members In Corrosive Environment, Saeid A. Alghamdi, Shamsad Ahmad, Adamu Lawan
Durability-Based Optimal Design Methodology For Rc Members In Corrosive Environment, Saeid A. Alghamdi, Shamsad Ahmad, Adamu Lawan
International Conference on Durability of Concrete Structures
No abstract provided.
Circular Rc Columns Partially Confined With Frp, Sahar Y. Ghanem
Circular Rc Columns Partially Confined With Frp, Sahar Y. Ghanem
Theses and Dissertations--Civil Engineering
Wrapping reinforced concrete (RC) columns with Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites is effective in increasing their capacity. The current state of art concentrates primarily on fully wrapped RC columns and few studies dealt with partially wrapped columns. The majority of the studies did not account for the influence of the existing steel reinforcement on the column’s behavior. Other studies estimated the total confinement pressure as the sum of the confinement pressure due to the external FRP jacketing and due to the internal transverse steel reinforcement. Few models dealt with the coupled effect of the confinement from steel and partial FRP …
Straining Definitions, William Pollalis, Santiago Pujol
Straining Definitions, William Pollalis, Santiago Pujol
The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) Symposium
The concept of strain is ubiquitous in engineering textbooks. It is defined early in engineering education as change in length divided by initial length, and is used to quantify deformations due to things like stresses and temperature changes. The concept itself is quite straightforward and represents homogenous materials well, but homogenous materials are rarely present in engineering design. Composite materials such reinforced concrete cannot be simply defined, as their properties are heavily influenced by their non-uniformity. For example, there are large deformations around tensile cracks in reinforced concrete, where the reinforcement withstands all the tensile stress, and little deformation in …
Shear Capacity Of Rc Beams At Elevated Temperatures, Maged A. Youssef, Mohamed Diab, Salah El-Din F. El-Fitiany
Shear Capacity Of Rc Beams At Elevated Temperatures, Maged A. Youssef, Mohamed Diab, Salah El-Din F. El-Fitiany
Civil and Environmental Engineering Publications
Fire safety is a critical criterion for designing reinforced concrete structures. With the introduction of performance-based design, structural engineers need design tools to assess the capacity of different elements during fire exposure. This paper proposes an analytical method to predict the shear capacity of reinforced concrete beams exposed to elevated temperatures. The proposed method extends the use of existing ambient temperature methods by accounting for the effect of elevated temperatures on material properties. It involves heat transfer analysis, evaluation of the material properties at elevated temperatures, and application of the modified compression field theory to estimate the shear capacity. The …
Flexural And Shear Behavior Of Reinforced Concrete Members Strengthened With A Discrete Fiber-Reinforced Polyurea System, Courtney E. Greene, John J. Myers
Flexural And Shear Behavior Of Reinforced Concrete Members Strengthened With A Discrete Fiber-Reinforced Polyurea System, Courtney E. Greene, John J. Myers
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Recent research has been conducted to evaluate the benefits provided by externally applied discrete fiber-reinforced polyurea (DFRP) coating systems. This coating was proposed to allow for ease of construction in repair-retrofit situations and to provide multihazard benefits, ranging from blast or impact fragmentation mitigation to seismic reinforcement and general strengthening. This phase of research investigated the flexural and shear reinforcement capabilities of the systems. Testing parameters included type of structural failure, polyurea, and fiber volume fraction. Additionally, the effects of the thickness of the composite system were considered. Concrete beam specimens were fabricated and coated per the designed test matrix …
Reliability Analysis Of Rc Beams Exposed To Fire, Christopher D. Eamon, Elin A. Jensen
Reliability Analysis Of Rc Beams Exposed To Fire, Christopher D. Eamon, Elin A. Jensen
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research Publications
A procedure for conducting reliability analysis of reinforced concrete beams subjected to a fire load is presented. This involves identifying relevant load combinations, specifying critical load and resistance random variables, and establishing a high-temperature performance model for beam capacity. Based on the procedure, an initial reliability analysis is conducted using currently available data. Significant load random variables are taken to be dead load, sustained live load, and fire temperature. Resistance is in terms of moment capacity, with random variables taken as steel yield strength, concrete compressive strength, placement of reinforcement, beam width, and thermal diffusivity. A semi-empirical model is used …
Strengthening Of Rural Bridges Using Rapid-Installation Frp Technology: Route 63 Bridge No. H356, Phelps County, Dongming Yan, Jianbo Li, Chenglin Wu, Genda Chen
Strengthening Of Rural Bridges Using Rapid-Installation Frp Technology: Route 63 Bridge No. H356, Phelps County, Dongming Yan, Jianbo Li, Chenglin Wu, Genda Chen
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This report presents the use of externally bonded fiber reinforced polymers (FRP) laminates for the flexural strengthening of a concrete bridge. The bridge selected for this project is a two-span simply supported reinforced concrete slab with no transverse steel reinforcement located in Phelps County, MO. The original construction combined with the presence of very rigid parapets caused the formation of a 1-inch wide longitudinal crack, which resulted in the slab to behave as two separate elements. The structural behavior was verified using a finite element model (FEM) of the bridge. The bridge analysis was performed for maximum loads determined in …
Damage Characterization Of Beam-Column Joints Reinforced With Gfrp Under Reversed Cyclic Loading, Aly M. Said
Damage Characterization Of Beam-Column Joints Reinforced With Gfrp Under Reversed Cyclic Loading, Aly M. Said
Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction Faculty Research
The use of fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement in concrete structures has been on the rise due to its advantages over conventional steel reinforcement such as corrosion. Reinforcing steel corrosion has been the primary cause of deterioration of reinforced concrete (RC) structures, resulting in tremendous annual repair costs. One application of FRP reinforcement to be further explored is its use in RC frames. Nonetheless, due to FRP's inherently elastic behavior, FRP-reinforced (FRP-RC) members exhibit low ductility and energy dissipation as well as different damage mechanisms. Furthermore, current design standards for FRP-RC structures do not address seismic design in which the …
Behaviour Of Reinforced Self-Consolidating Concrete Frames, Aly Said, Moncef Nehdi
Behaviour Of Reinforced Self-Consolidating Concrete Frames, Aly Said, Moncef Nehdi
Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction Faculty Research
Multi-storey reinforced concrete (RC) structural frames represent some of the most congested structural elements. Placing and consolidating concrete in such structural frames imposes substantial challenges. This offers a unique area of application for self-consolidating concrete (SCC) because of its inherent ability to flow under its own weight and fill congested sections, complicated formwork and hard-to-reach areas. Research is, however, needed to demonstrate the ability of SCC structural frames adequately to resist vertical and lateral loads. In the present study, full-scale 3 m high beam-column joints reinforced as per the Canadian Standards CSA A23·3-94 and ACI-352R-02 were made with normal concrete …
Nonlinear Model For Reinforced Concrete Under Cyclic Loading, Aly Said, M. Elmorsi, M. Nehdi
Nonlinear Model For Reinforced Concrete Under Cyclic Loading, Aly Said, M. Elmorsi, M. Nehdi
Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction Faculty Research
Most of the available shear models for reinforced concrete rely on empirical formulations. In this study, a rational shear stress function is used to define the shear stress–strain envelope for reinforced concrete. Cyclic rules are proposed to define the loading, unloading and reloading relationships for reinforced concrete under shear stress reversals. A normal stress function describing the cyclic relationship of concrete under axial stress is also introduced. The proposed functions are verified using experimental data of reinforced concrete panels tested under monotonic and cyclic loading. Subsequently, the normal and shear stress functions along with their cyclic rules are integrated in …
Influence Of Connection Placement To The Behavior Of Precast Concrete Exterior Beam-Column Joint, Elly Tjahjono, Heru Purnomo
Influence Of Connection Placement To The Behavior Of Precast Concrete Exterior Beam-Column Joint, Elly Tjahjono, Heru Purnomo
Makara Journal of Technology
Influence of Connection Placement to the Behavior of Precast Concrete Exterior Beam-Column Joint. This paper presents an experimental study on the influence of connection placement to the behaviour of exterior beamcolumn joint of precast concrete structure under semi cyclic loading. Four half-scale beam-column specimens were investigated. Three beam-columns were jointed through connection that are placed in beam-column joint region and the forth is connected at the plastic hinge potensial region of the beam. Crack patterns, strength, stiffness and ductility of the test specimens have been evaluated. The test result indicated that all beam-column specimens show good ductility behavior.
Concrete Cracking In Coastal Areas, S. R. Mpinzire
Concrete Cracking In Coastal Areas, S. R. Mpinzire
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
The paper discusses cracking and corrosion of reinforced concrete (RC) structures in coastal zones where aggressive action of salt burdened air is the primary cause of concrete deterioration. Case studies are presented, along with discussion of possible remedies including local demolition, reconstruction and epoxy injection as well as concrete treatment.
Carrying Capacity And Cracking Resistance Of The Bracket, S. Mpinzire
Carrying Capacity And Cracking Resistance Of The Bracket, S. Mpinzire
Tanzania Journal of Engineering and Technology (TJET)
Abstract