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Full-Text Articles in Geotechnical Engineering
Investigation Of Collapse Of An Apartment Building Due To Differential Filling, N. N. Som, R. B. Sahu
Investigation Of Collapse Of An Apartment Building Due To Differential Filling, N. N. Som, R. B. Sahu
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Investigation of collapse of a five storey residential building in Calcutta is described. The failure occurred soon after construction but, fortunately, before occupation. Detailed soil investigation revealed that a bowl-shaped depression, 5. 5 m deep, existed in the collapsed building area which was subsequently filled up. The foundation raft was placed 5.325 m below ground level and the subsequent filling put an overburden pressure of varying magnitude resulting in non-uniform pressure on the subsoil. This was apparently not considered in design. Factor of safety was found to be low against bearing capacity failure and the building tilted towards the heavier …
Underpinning And Leveling Settled Pipes And Channel, Steven D. Scherer, Ed Weiner
Underpinning And Leveling Settled Pipes And Channel, Steven D. Scherer, Ed Weiner
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Settlement of a new reinforced concrete channel and related pipes was creatively underpinned and raised utilizing steel mini piles and compaction grout pile elements. The conditions that may have caused the settlement are systematically reviewed and details of construction are presented.
Deterministic/Probabilistic Study Of Fault Rupture, D. Cimmings
Deterministic/Probabilistic Study Of Fault Rupture, D. Cimmings
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A combined theoretical, deterministic, and probabilistic analysis was applied to a site in Nevada for the purpose of defining the potential for fault rupture through alluvium under a proposed facility. A theoretical model using Theory of Plasticity was used to define the stress trajectories from fault displacement in bedrock through alluvium. A deterministic analysis was used to determine earthquake recurrence and expected magnitudes. A combined total and compound probabilistic analysis was used to assess the likelihood of fault displacement under the facility. The results of these complementary analyses indicated a very low likelihood of fault rupture during the life expectancy …
Use Of Geotechnical Design Summary Report As A Management Tool For Resolving Disputes On Underground Construction Projects, B. M. Ghadiali, T. P. Smirnoff, K. N. Murthy
Use Of Geotechnical Design Summary Report As A Management Tool For Resolving Disputes On Underground Construction Projects, B. M. Ghadiali, T. P. Smirnoff, K. N. Murthy
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The Los Angeles Metro Rail Subway project is initially planned for 30 km (18 mi) of twin, 6-m (20-ft) diameter bored tunnels under city streets and a total of 16 stations. This paper describes briefly the history of the project, the geologic setting, and the challenges encountered during design or anticipated during construction. It also introduces, as part of contract documentation, an interpretive geotechnical baseline report which establishes the basis for identification and recognition of site condition "baselines". In so doing, this report (known as a "GDSR") has proven to be an effective tool for ameliorating contractual problems and facilitating …
Performance Evaluation Of A Hydraulic Asphalt Concrete Pavement Capping A Hazardous Waste Site, John W. Anthony, Robert J. Sterrett, Greg Shepherd
Performance Evaluation Of A Hydraulic Asphalt Concrete Pavement Capping A Hazardous Waste Site, John W. Anthony, Robert J. Sterrett, Greg Shepherd
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Hydrologic Consultants, Inc. was contracted to undertake the closure of a former pesticide facility. While pesticide compounds were present on the site, they were located primarily in the top two feet of soil. Five remedial action alternatives for the site were reviewed; the remedial action selected was to cap the site. Because of the expense of obtaining clay in sufficient quantities, a less costly alternative to clay was adopted: a high-bitumen-content hydraulic asphalt concrete (HAC) pavement. For preliminary design purposes, a performance assessment was conducted utilizing the Hydraulic Evaluation of Landfill Performance (HELP) model to compare the relative performance of …
Remediation Of Contaminated Sites — Case Histories, D. D. Genske, H. Klapperich, P. Noll
Remediation Of Contaminated Sites — Case Histories, D. D. Genske, H. Klapperich, P. Noll
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In this paper, two major remediation projects located in the German Ruhr District will be introduced. The key to an effective land re-utilization plan is a harmonized management of ground investigation, risk assessment and clean-up strategies. Geotechnical and hydrogeological techniques, as well as economical risks involved in the recycling of industrial wasteland will be discussed. Criteria which led to the acceptance of certain remediation techniques will be reflected and their validity will be examined. It will be analyzed whether the projected performance objectives have been met and the demands of both, the investors and the environmental protection agencies have been …
Discussions And Replies Session 11, Karen Brakefield, Aswath V. Rao, Dieter Genske
Discussions And Replies Session 11, Karen Brakefield, Aswath V. Rao, Dieter Genske
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
No abstract provided.
General Report Session No. 10, 11 And 12: Case Histories Of Geotechnical And Hydrological Management And Remediation Of Solid, Hazardous And Low-Level Radioactive Wastes, Hari D. Sharma
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
No abstract provided.
Use Of Low Plasticity For Soil Liners And Covers, Clifford C. Knitter, K. G. Haskell, M. L. Peterson
Use Of Low Plasticity For Soil Liners And Covers, Clifford C. Knitter, K. G. Haskell, M. L. Peterson
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Loess, which consists predominantly of low plasticity to non-plastic silt (PI≤10) with varying amounts of sand and clay-sized (- 5 microns) material, covers much of north-central Oregon and eastern Washington. Several landfills operate in this area. Because of the lack of clayey soils and clayey bedrock in the region, loess was proposed for use as the low permeability soil barrier layer. Laboratory testing and large-scale field tests of test fills using SDRI's have shown that the remolded permeability of the loess is related to grain-size, soil gradation, and the percent saturation of the placed soil. We had an approximately 1:1 …
An Analytical Prediction Of Consolidation Settlement Of Fibrous Peat Deposit Under Loading, K. Kogure
An Analytical Prediction Of Consolidation Settlement Of Fibrous Peat Deposit Under Loading, K. Kogure
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
In one-dimensional consolidation of fibrous peat, it is known that the behavior can not be sufficiently explained by Terzaghi theory. In this study, based on the fact that the pore of fibrous peat consists of macro (outer) pore between organic bodies and micro (inner) pore inside organic bodies, an approximate analytical method for one-dimensional consolidation of fibrous peat is presented. The macro pore consolidation (MAC) resulting from dewatering from the macro pore begins in the first place and the peat collapses to a new void ratio. At the same time, the micro pore consolidation (MIC) resulting from dewatering from the …
Deteriorated Concrete Foundation On The Gulf Coast, W. Akili, M. H. El-Haddad
Deteriorated Concrete Foundation On The Gulf Coast, W. Akili, M. H. El-Haddad
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
An investigation into the deteriorated condition of a concrete mat foundation under saline water table on a coastal sabkha sand in Qatar, the Arabian Gulf coast, was undertaken. The investigation aided by visual examination, testing (destructive and non-destructive), analysis and consideration of different soil-structure interaction schemes resulted in re-approval of the foundation from a structural integrity point of view; however its water tightness role was judged inadequate and required remedial works. Options for repair of the foundation were examined and proposed. To safeguard against the adverse effects of salts on foundation concrete, appropriate design and construction measures are required.
Effective Stress Method For Piezocone Evaluation Of SU, P. W. Mayne, B. S. Chen
Effective Stress Method For Piezocone Evaluation Of SU, P. W. Mayne, B. S. Chen
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
A simple piezocone model combines spherical cavity expansion theory and modified Cam Clay concepts to represent both the corrected cone tip resistance (qT) and penetration pore water pressure measured behind the tip (ubt). In closed form, the undrained shear strength (su) is shown to be a function of the effective friction angle (φ'), the plastic volumetric strain ratio (Λ), and the piezocone parameter (qT− ubt)· Parametric studies show that the model is relatively insensitive to variations in φ' and Λ, thereby simplifying its form for practical use. The method is …
In-Place Stabilization Of Waste Phosphatic Clays Using Lime Columns, B. L. Barnes, L. D. Madrid, W. A. Ericson
In-Place Stabilization Of Waste Phosphatic Clays Using Lime Columns, B. L. Barnes, L. D. Madrid, W. A. Ericson
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
This paper will present the results of a laboratory testing program and field implementation of the lime column stabilization technique to waste phosphatic clays. Results show increases in clay shear strength by 2 to 3 orders of magnitude and reduce the time of primary consolidation by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude.
Pneusol At The Bussang Pass, G. Esbelin, N. T. Long, P. Ursat
Pneusol At The Bussang Pass, G. Esbelin, N. T. Long, P. Ursat
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The widening of National Road no. 66 at the Bussang Pass in southern Alsace is the first "major" job on a national road using the Pneusol technique, a combination of old tires and soils: 600 m of walls 2 to 7 m high; 55,000 passenger-car tires and 2,000 truck tires (a total of 500 tonnes!). Precious knowledge is gleaned from the diverse conditions of use.
General Report Session No. 13: Case Histories Of New Solutions To Traditional Geotechnical Problems, Bruce L. Kutter, Ross W. Boulanger
General Report Session No. 13: Case Histories Of New Solutions To Traditional Geotechnical Problems, Bruce L. Kutter, Ross W. Boulanger
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
No abstract provided.
Design Of Safe Slopes After Failure During An Earthquake, B. V. K. Lavania, A. D. Pandey, A. K. Singh, S. Singhal
Design Of Safe Slopes After Failure During An Earthquake, B. V. K. Lavania, A. D. Pandey, A. K. Singh, S. Singhal
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Four slope slides took place, during a major earthquake, on the slopes of hill that has a paper mill complex on its top. The subsoil condition and engineering parameters for the site were evaluated at the time of construction of this complex and again after the earthquake for the purpose of designing safe slopes. However, both times the variation in the numerical values of shear parameters obtained by different tests was very wide and it was difficult to arrive at some conclusion. Therefore, on the basis of failure surface geometries, these was assessed by back analysis and design of safe …
General Report Session No. 14: Geotechnical Aspects Of Recent Earthquakes, Ahmed-W. Elgamal, G. L. Hempen
General Report Session No. 14: Geotechnical Aspects Of Recent Earthquakes, Ahmed-W. Elgamal, G. L. Hempen
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
No abstract provided.
Geotechnical Aspects Of The Petrolia Earthquake, Robert K. Green, Thomas L. Sawyer
Geotechnical Aspects Of The Petrolia Earthquake, Robert K. Green, Thomas L. Sawyer
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The Petrolia, California earthquake (MS 6.9, ML 6.4) occurred on April 25, 1992 and was followed by numerous aftershocks including two earthquakes over magnitude 6 that occurred on April 26, 1992. The earthquakes caused structural damage in Ferndale, Petrolia, Honeydew, Rio Dell, Fortuna, and Scotia. The earthquake also produced ground failures of liquefaction, lateral spreads, and landslides in the epicentral region. Liquefaction did not appear to be widespread, and occurred in locations where it would most likely be expected to occur (low lying areas with very recent alluvial deposits and high ground water). Scattered landslides were triggered by …
Ground Movements In Mexico City During Recent Earthquakes, E. Ovando, M. P. Romo, L. Díaz
Ground Movements In Mexico City During Recent Earthquakes, E. Ovando, M. P. Romo, L. Díaz
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Acceleration records were obtained with a rather dense accelerographic array during three recent earthquakes in Mexico City. Following a purely observational approach, useful information about the nature and characteristics of seismic motions was derived from the analysis of these records. Broad regional studies indicate that the distribution of seismic motions in the city may be affected by directivity effects. From local site studies it is concluded that seismic movements at the base of the compressible clay deposits are fairly uniform and accelerograms recorded in vertical arrays suggest that soil strata in Mexico City respond to seismic movements according to established …
Liquefaction During 1988 Earthquakes And A Case Study, M. K. Gupta
Liquefaction During 1988 Earthquakes And A Case Study, M. K. Gupta
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Several parts of north eastern India, Bangladesh and Burma were rocked by an earthquake on August 6, 1988. The author carried out earthquake damage survey due to liquefaction in Assam region. Wide spread liquefaction in the area was observed. Guide bunds and approach roads of a road bridge near Tezpur performed excellently against liquefaction during the earthquake for which they were designed. Another earthquake of magnitude 6.6 visited Nepal Bihar border region which shook northern Bihar and Nepal region and was felt as far as Jaipur in the west and Shillong in the east. Large scale liquefaction has also been …
Liquefaction During The October 12, 1992, Egyptian Dahshure Earthquake, Ahmed-W. Elgamal, Mohamed Amer, Korhan Adalier
Liquefaction During The October 12, 1992, Egyptian Dahshure Earthquake, Ahmed-W. Elgamal, Mohamed Amer, Korhan Adalier
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
On October 12, 1992 a moderate earthquake MB = 5.9 (MS = 5.2) occurred about 18 km southwest of the center of Cairo and resulted in significant damage to numerous poorly constructed structures. Soil liquefaction associated with the occurrence of large sand-boils was observed close to the epicenter. As a consequence, a main road suffered a maximum settlement of about 1.75 m. In this study, the earthquake characteristics, soil profiles and resulting liquefaction are discussed. The observed liquefaction mechanisms provide valuable information on the seismic response of Nile deposited alluvial soils. Such soils constitute much of the inhabited …
Nonlinear Dynamic Effective-Stress Analysis Of Two Case Histories, S. Inel, W. H. Roth, C. De Rubertis
Nonlinear Dynamic Effective-Stress Analysis Of Two Case Histories, S. Inel, W. H. Roth, C. De Rubertis
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Two case histories were analyzed to determine the validity of using nonlinear numerical analysis methods together with simple and familiar descriptions of soil behavior to predict shaking-induced excess pore pressures and permanent deformations within soil. The first case focuses on the prediction of liquefaction during centrifuge testing of a silt layer underlain by sand. The second case involves the prediction of behavior of the Upper San Fernando Dam during the 1971 San Fernando earthquake. Results of both analyses show that consistent and reasonably accurate estimates may be made of the behavior of soil during seismic loading. The relative simplicity of …
Response Analyses Of Recorded Earthquake Motions, S. J. Serhan
Response Analyses Of Recorded Earthquake Motions, S. J. Serhan
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Response analyses of three recorded earthquakes at a nuclear power plant have been conducted. The objective of the response analyses is to obtain frequency composition, assess damage potential, and simulate and explain the recorded soil and structural seismic motions. Two- and three-dimensional models for the soil/structure system have been developed by using the finite-element substructuring method. Results of the analyses show clear evidence of soil/structure interaction in terms of significant soil softening, strong rocking mode participation and unusual recorded high-frequency response inside the buildings.
Soil Liquefaction During The 1991 Telire-Limón, Costa Rica, Earthquake, Susumu Yasuda, Hiroyuki Watanabe, Nozomu Yoshida, Sergio Mora
Soil Liquefaction During The 1991 Telire-Limón, Costa Rica, Earthquake, Susumu Yasuda, Hiroyuki Watanabe, Nozomu Yoshida, Sergio Mora
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The 1991 Telire-Limón Earthquake of magnitude 7.5 caused significant damage in Costa Rica and Panama. Soil liquefaction occurred widely in the low lying area in eastern Costa Rica, which caused severe damage to the embankment, bridges, and houses, etc. The liquefied sites are classified into three categories: 1) inland areas along rivers, 2) sand bars along beach, and 3) coastal areas along rivers. In inland area, road embankment of Route 32 was severely damaged due to liquefaction. Fissures parallel to the road and lateral spreading are occurred. At the sand bar and marsh, liquefaction occurred in the areas between the …
Case Histories Of Compacted Clay Liners And Covers For Waste Disposal Facilities, David E. Daniel
Case Histories Of Compacted Clay Liners And Covers For Waste Disposal Facilities, David E. Daniel
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Compacted clay liners and covers are widely used in waste containment units. Case histories in three categories are presented: (1) case histories illustrating compaction, construction, and quality assurance difficulties; (2) case histories involving field hydraulic conductivity testing of large-scale test pads; and (3) case histories involving final cover systems. The case histories illustrate that: (1) compaction criteria should be chosen carefully and with consideration given to how the compaction will be controlled in the field; (2) regulatory roadblocks may defeat sound technical approaches in terms of developing compaction criteria; (3) one can follow ASTM procedures and still get into difficulty …
Design And Observation Of Steep Reinforced Embankments, T. Yamanouchi, N. Fukuda
Design And Observation Of Steep Reinforced Embankments, T. Yamanouchi, N. Fukuda
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Using the design method proposed by R. A. Jewell et al. numerous steep reinforced embankments have been constructed in the authors’ home country since the year 1984. In fact these soil structures are built with the reinforcement of polymer grids (the so-called geogrids invented by F. B. Mercer of U.K.) which have a unique structural composition with high-tensile and low-ductility characteristics. This paper deals with first the development of steep reinforced soil structures and their design method, and then introduces a well-documented case history of steep reinforced embankment. The authors propose a current design method developed on the basis of …
The Kettleman Hills Landfill Failure: A Retrospective View Of The Failure Investigations And Lessons Learned, James K. Mitchell, Mihsiung Chang, Raymond B. Seed
The Kettleman Hills Landfill Failure: A Retrospective View Of The Failure Investigations And Lessons Learned, James K. Mitchell, Mihsiung Chang, Raymond B. Seed
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The sliding stability failure of the Kettleman Hills waste landfill focused attention on several issues related to the safe design and filling of waste repositories, including low strengths between geosynthetic material interfaces in composite liner systems and low interface strength between compacted clay and smooth geomembranes. Waste placement plans must be carefully developed to insure an adequate factor of safety against sliding at all stages of filling. Because of assumptions and uncertainties that remained following the initial failure investigation, model tests, at a scale of 1:150, were done. These tests reproduced the field failure very well and provided insights into …
Man-Made Vibrations And Solutions, K. R. Massarsch
Man-Made Vibrations And Solutions, K. R. Massarsch
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
The generation and propagation of man-made vibrations in the ground is discussed. Emphasis is placed a simplified approach which is used to assess the most important factors, such as wave attenuation, refraction focusing and vibration amplification as a result of resonance. Practical guidelines are presented which can be used to predict vibrations and settlements in the ground. A semi-empirical relationship for the assessment of permissible vibration levels for buildings is proposed. Finally, a new ground vibration isolation method, the gas cushion screen is presented.
Practical Studies Of The Seismic Response Of A Rockfill Dam And A Tailings Impoundment, W. D. Liam Finn
Practical Studies Of The Seismic Response Of A Rockfill Dam And A Tailings Impoundment, W. D. Liam Finn
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
Two case studies from engineering practice are presented to demonstrate how useful a sophisticated finite element analysis can be in providing a comprehensive understanding of how dams behave during earthquakes. The first example involves determining, from the recorded performance of a rockfill dam, the volume change characteristics of the rockfill which cannot be measured directly. The second example covers the full range of current capability for analysis. It involves dynamic effective stress analysis of a tailings dam to check the triggering of liquefaction and the analysis of post-liquefaction flow deformations.
Discussions And Replies: State Of The Art Papers, Mohamad Hussein, Fred H. Held Iii, C. Mirza, T. M. Davisson
Discussions And Replies: State Of The Art Papers, Mohamad Hussein, Fred H. Held Iii, C. Mirza, T. M. Davisson
International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering
No abstract provided.