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Environmental Engineering Commons

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2014

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Articles 331 - 360 of 523

Full-Text Articles in Environmental Engineering

Linking Water Resource Network Models To An Open Data Management Platform, Phillipp Meier, Stephen Knox, Julien Harou Jun 2014

Linking Water Resource Network Models To An Open Data Management Platform, Phillipp Meier, Stephen Knox, Julien Harou

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The development of models for complex water resources systems frequently involves cus- tomising model formulations to fit unique institutional or physical problems. Linking existing model components is part of this process. As an alternative to pre-packaged models or building models based on components that comply to the same standard interface we present a model platform where network resource models (water, energy, transport, etc.) are linked to a data manager in a generic way. A modular architecture is achieved using a server for data storage. Clients connecting to the server, called Apps, provide import and export functions from and to various …


Multiscale Spatial Sensitivity Analysis For Agent-Based Modelling Of Coupled Landscape And Aquatic Systems, Arika Ligmann-Zielinska, Wei Liu, Daniel B. Kramer, Kendra Spence Cheruvelil, Patricia A. Soranno, Piotr Jankowski, Seda Salap Jun 2014

Multiscale Spatial Sensitivity Analysis For Agent-Based Modelling Of Coupled Landscape And Aquatic Systems, Arika Ligmann-Zielinska, Wei Liu, Daniel B. Kramer, Kendra Spence Cheruvelil, Patricia A. Soranno, Piotr Jankowski, Seda Salap

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Models of coupled landscape and aquatic systems (CLAS) are prone to input uncertainties that vary over space. To address this challenge, we employ a comprehensive model evaluation that: [1] quantifies the variability of model results (uncertainty analysis), and [2] decomposes this variability based on the relative contribution of inputs to identify major drivers in the model (sensitivity analysis). Our study simulates how agricultural land conversion from active to fallow lands reduces nutrient loading to lakes. We employ an agent-based model of farmer decision making coupled with a spatially-explicit biophysical lake model. A number of model inputs are uncertain including: variables …


Defining The Spatiotemporal Surveillance Space For Alien Species' Invasions Using Approximate Bayesian Computation, Grant Hamilton, Rune Rasmussen, Jana Mullerova, Jan Pergl, Petr Pysek Jun 2014

Defining The Spatiotemporal Surveillance Space For Alien Species' Invasions Using Approximate Bayesian Computation, Grant Hamilton, Rune Rasmussen, Jana Mullerova, Jan Pergl, Petr Pysek

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The spatiotemporal dynamics of an alien species invasion across a real landscape are typically complex. While surveillance is an essential part of a management response, planning surveillance in space and time present a difficult challenge due to this complexity. We show here a method for determining the highest probability sites for occupancy across a landscape at an arbitrary point in the future, based on occupancy data from a single slice in time. We apply to the method to the invasion of Giant Hogweed, a serious weed in the Czech republic and throughout Europe.


The Effect Of Recovery On Modeling Inactivation Of Bacillus Spores On Hvac Filters, Bharathi Murali, Jade Mitchell Jun 2014

The Effect Of Recovery On Modeling Inactivation Of Bacillus Spores On Hvac Filters, Bharathi Murali, Jade Mitchell

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The ability of microorganisms to persist on fomite surfaces is an important component in modeling their spread in physical environment. For example, Bacillus anthracis (Ba) spores have been found to be extremely resistant to inactivation, environmental stresses, and stable over decades. Modeling the inactivation of spores could form an integral element for estimating the exposure and the subsequent health risks posed by them. However, there is a knowledge gap in the quantification of recovery of Bacillus spores on porous surfaces, which may have a significant effect on the quantification of their persistence in the environment. Our work investigates the recovery …


A K-Means Clustering Approach To Assess Wheat Yield Prediction Uncertainty With A Hydrus-1d Coupled Crop Model, Derek Groenendyk, Kelly Thorp, Ty Ferré, Wade Crow, Doug Hunsaker Jun 2014

A K-Means Clustering Approach To Assess Wheat Yield Prediction Uncertainty With A Hydrus-1d Coupled Crop Model, Derek Groenendyk, Kelly Thorp, Ty Ferré, Wade Crow, Doug Hunsaker

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Soil moisture, especially under drought conditions, is a factor that is known to impact crop yield predictions. Crop growth models used to make these predictions rely on soil texture estimates, which influence simulated soil moisture and ultimately crop growth. The purpose of this research was to implement a k-means clustering approach to address the uncertainty of the soil texture estimates. By grouping similar soil textures based on their simulated responses, clustering reveals how soil texture uncertainty may impact yield estimates. Wheat growth simulations were conducted using a HYDRUS 1D and coupled crop model for soils defined on the USDA soil …


Gis-Based Environmental Modeling With Tangible Interaction And Dynamic Visualization, Anna Petrasova, Brendan Harmon, Vaclav Petras, Helena Mitasova Jun 2014

Gis-Based Environmental Modeling With Tangible Interaction And Dynamic Visualization, Anna Petrasova, Brendan Harmon, Vaclav Petras, Helena Mitasova

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

We present a new, affordable version of TanGeoMS, a tangible geospatial modeling and visualization system designed for collaboratively exploring how terrain change impacts landscape pro­ cesses. It couples a physical, three-dimensional model of a landscape with geospatial modeling and analysis through a cycle of scanning and projection. Multiple users can modify the physical model by hand while it is being scanned; by sculpting the model they generate input for modeling of geophysical processes. The modeling results are then visualized by projecting images or animations back on the physical model. This feedback loop is an intuitive way to evaluate the impacts …


Calibration Of Simulation Platforms Including Highly Interweaved Processes: The Maelia Multi-Agent Platform, Romain Lardy, Pierre Mazzega, Christophe Sibertin-Blanc, Yves Auda, José-Miguel Sanchez-Perez, Sabine Sauvage, Olivier Therond Jun 2014

Calibration Of Simulation Platforms Including Highly Interweaved Processes: The Maelia Multi-Agent Platform, Romain Lardy, Pierre Mazzega, Christophe Sibertin-Blanc, Yves Auda, José-Miguel Sanchez-Perez, Sabine Sauvage, Olivier Therond

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The MAELIA project develops an agent-based modeling and simulation platform to study the environmental, economic and social impacts of various regulations regarding water use and water management in combination with climate change. An integrated modelling approach has been used to model the investigated social-ecological system. MAELIA combines spatiotemporal models of ecologic (e.g. water flow and plant growth) and human decision-making processes (e.g. cropping plan), socio-economic dynamics (e.g. land cover changes). Due to the diversity and the interweaving of the processes considered, the calibration and evaluation of such a multi-agent platform is a scientific challenge. Indeed, many parameters can reveal to …


An Environmental Modeling Language For Agents And Fields, Kor De Jong, Merijn De Bakker, Derek Karssenberg Jun 2014

An Environmental Modeling Language For Agents And Fields, Kor De Jong, Merijn De Bakker, Derek Karssenberg

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Environmental modeling involves manipulating environmental attributes represented in soft­ware by agents, fields or both, but most modeling environments are designed to be especially useful for either agent-based or field-based modeling. Agent-based and field-based modeling environments have different properties with respect to their ease of use and how well both agents and fields can be represented and manipulated. Most agent-based modeling environments require the modeler to use a general purpose object oriented programming language like Java to express models, while field-based modeling environments often implement a high level, domain specific imperative language based on map algebra, or extent a general purpose …


An Integrated Approach For Including Social Capacities, And Economic Valuation In Risk Assessment Of Water Related Hazards In Uncertain Scenarios, Carlo Giupponi, Vahid Mojtahed, Animesh K. Gain, Stefano Balbi, Claudio Biscaro Jun 2014

An Integrated Approach For Including Social Capacities, And Economic Valuation In Risk Assessment Of Water Related Hazards In Uncertain Scenarios, Carlo Giupponi, Vahid Mojtahed, Animesh K. Gain, Stefano Balbi, Claudio Biscaro

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

We propose a conceptual framework, KR-FWK (i.e. KULTURisk Framework from the name of the European project within which it originated) and its implementation methods SERRA (Socio-Economic Regional Risk Assessment) for integrated (physical and economical) risk assessment, and economic valuation of risk prevention benefits on multiple receptors. The KR-FWK and the SERRA approach are characterised by: (i) integration of physical-environmental dimensions and the socio-economic ones in risk assessment; (ii) consideration of the role of social capacities (adaptive and coping capacity) in reducing risk and related costs, (iii) quantitative (even monetary) assessment of risks and of the benefits of risk reduction measures, …


Agile Workflows For Climate Impact Risk Assessment Based On The Ci:Grasp Platform And The Jabc Modeling Framework, Samih Al-Areqi, Anna-Lena Lamprecht, Tiziana Margaria, Steffen Kriewald, Dominik Reusser, Markus Wrobel Jun 2014

Agile Workflows For Climate Impact Risk Assessment Based On The Ci:Grasp Platform And The Jabc Modeling Framework, Samih Al-Areqi, Anna-Lena Lamprecht, Tiziana Margaria, Steffen Kriewald, Dominik Reusser, Markus Wrobel

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Analyzing and assessing potential impacts of climate change are critical and challenging tasks that require the processing of large and heterogeneous datasets. These analyses are particularly demanding because of the multi-scale and multi-objective nature of environmental modeling for climate change impact assessment. The Climate Impacts: Global and Regional Adaptation Support Platform (ci:grasp) is a web-based climate information service for exploring climate change related information in its geographical context. In this paper, we show how the agile workflow development style supported by the jABC process modeling and execution framework permits us to leverage the processes implemented in the ci:grasp platform to …


The Data Processing Inequality And Environmental Model Prediction, Steven V. Weijs Jun 2014

The Data Processing Inequality And Environmental Model Prediction, Steven V. Weijs

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Prediction in environmental systems, such as hydrological streamflow prediction, is a challenging task. Although on a small scale, many of the physical processes are well described, accurate predictions of macroscopical (e.g. catchment scale) behavior with a bottom-up mechanistic approach often remains elusive. On the other hand, conceptual or purely statistical models fitted to data often perform surprisingly well for prediction. The data processing inequality, from the field of information theory, says that processing data with statistical procedures can only decrease, and not increase the information content of the data. This seems to contradict the intuition that our knowledge of physical …


Managing Agricultural Landscapes For Favouring Ecosystem Services Provided By Biodiversity: A Spatially Explicit Model Of Crop Rotations In The Gama Simulation Platform, Hugo Thierry, Aude Vialatte, Jean-Philippe Choisis, Benoit Gaudou, Claude Monteil Jun 2014

Managing Agricultural Landscapes For Favouring Ecosystem Services Provided By Biodiversity: A Spatially Explicit Model Of Crop Rotations In The Gama Simulation Platform, Hugo Thierry, Aude Vialatte, Jean-Philippe Choisis, Benoit Gaudou, Claude Monteil

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The need to reduce the use of pesticides in agricultural ecosystems requires studying and developing new pest regulation methods. Individual-based models are useful to better understand how dynamics of insects interact with agricultural landscapes and to study the potential effects of alternative regulation methods, taking into account the spatial and temporal stochasticity of agricultural ecosystems caused by human management. Crop rotations and crop phenology have an important impact on the life cycles of populations of insects. We developed an individual-based model simulating the dynamics of an agricultural landscape from GIS data. The spatiotemporal stochasticity is simulated using typical landcover rotations …


Diffuse Nutrient Pollution From Residential Catchments, Melissa Rachelle Butcher Jun 2014

Diffuse Nutrient Pollution From Residential Catchments, Melissa Rachelle Butcher

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Nonpoint source nutrient pollution is diffuse pollution lacking discrete origin and conveyance. This thesis synthesizes and critically reviews research on residential nitrogen and phosphorus loss to stormwater runoff and leaching. The evaluation pulls from research covering influential socio-demographic indicators, such as use of lawn maintenance services and homeowner fertilizer practices. The extent to which such social and economic factors may influence the prevalence and fate of diffuse nutrients in stormwater runoff from residential areas has not been adequately established. Understanding the source and influencing factors of diffuse nutrient pollution is important in order to effectively protect surface and groundwater resources. …


Inactivation Of Ascaris In Double-Vault Urine-Diverting Composting Latrines In Panama: Methods And Environmental Health Engineering Field Applications, Daragh A. Gibson Jun 2014

Inactivation Of Ascaris In Double-Vault Urine-Diverting Composting Latrines In Panama: Methods And Environmental Health Engineering Field Applications, Daragh A. Gibson

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The United Nations Millennium Development Goals have prioritized improving access to sanitation, but unfortunately about a third of the global population is still without an improved sanitation source and one billion still practice open defecation. Lack of access to adequate and safe sanitation means the proliferation of dangerous pathogens in the environment, especially soil-transmitted helminths (STHs). In the Bocas del Toro Province of Panama (and similar locations in the world), composting latrines have been built in many of the indigenous communities in the area. They are a form of dry or ecological sanitation and are designed to produce an end …


Deep Uv-Leds Based On Group Iii-Nitride For Water Disinfection Applications, Iolanda Pio, Vittorianna Tasco, Adriana Passaseo Jun 2014

Deep Uv-Leds Based On Group Iii-Nitride For Water Disinfection Applications, Iolanda Pio, Vittorianna Tasco, Adriana Passaseo

Wastewater and Biosolids Treatment and Reuse: Bridging Modeling and Experimental Studies

No abstract provided.


On The Sustainable Management Of Sewage Sludge Disposal In Apulia, A.M. Lotito, U. Fratino, M. Blonda Jun 2014

On The Sustainable Management Of Sewage Sludge Disposal In Apulia, A.M. Lotito, U. Fratino, M. Blonda

Wastewater and Biosolids Treatment and Reuse: Bridging Modeling and Experimental Studies

No abstract provided.


Wastewater Treatment And Reuse In The Oil & Petrochem Industry – A Case Study, Alberto Girardi Jun 2014

Wastewater Treatment And Reuse In The Oil & Petrochem Industry – A Case Study, Alberto Girardi

Wastewater and Biosolids Treatment and Reuse: Bridging Modeling and Experimental Studies

No abstract provided.


Wastewater Reuse In Apulia: Constraints And Perspectives, Vito Colucci Jun 2014

Wastewater Reuse In Apulia: Constraints And Perspectives, Vito Colucci

Wastewater and Biosolids Treatment and Reuse: Bridging Modeling and Experimental Studies

No abstract provided.


Experimental Measurement And Modeling Of Radiation Fields In Tio2 Nanoparticle Photocatalysis, Andrea Turolla, Domenico Santoro, John De Bruyn, Manuela Antonelli Jun 2014

Experimental Measurement And Modeling Of Radiation Fields In Tio2 Nanoparticle Photocatalysis, Andrea Turolla, Domenico Santoro, John De Bruyn, Manuela Antonelli

Wastewater and Biosolids Treatment and Reuse: Bridging Modeling and Experimental Studies

No abstract provided.


Design Of Semiconductors-Based Composites For The Efficient Photodegradation Of Organic Micropollutants In Water, Giuseppe Mele Jun 2014

Design Of Semiconductors-Based Composites For The Efficient Photodegradation Of Organic Micropollutants In Water, Giuseppe Mele

Wastewater and Biosolids Treatment and Reuse: Bridging Modeling and Experimental Studies

No abstract provided.


Back To Future: The Success Story Of Fasano’S Agricultural Wastewater Reuse Plant, Oronzo Santoro Jun 2014

Back To Future: The Success Story Of Fasano’S Agricultural Wastewater Reuse Plant, Oronzo Santoro

Wastewater and Biosolids Treatment and Reuse: Bridging Modeling and Experimental Studies

No abstract provided.


Wastewater Reuse In Apulia: Between Dream And Reality, Antonio Lopez Jun 2014

Wastewater Reuse In Apulia: Between Dream And Reality, Antonio Lopez

Wastewater and Biosolids Treatment and Reuse: Bridging Modeling and Experimental Studies

No abstract provided.


Sludge Production And Utilization In Italy, Giuseppe Mininni, Giulia Sagnotti Jun 2014

Sludge Production And Utilization In Italy, Giuseppe Mininni, Giulia Sagnotti

Wastewater and Biosolids Treatment and Reuse: Bridging Modeling and Experimental Studies

No abstract provided.


Surface Filtration Technologies For Municipal Wastewater Reuse For Irrigation – Preliminary Results Of Demo-Scale Activities, Pompilio Vergine Jun 2014

Surface Filtration Technologies For Municipal Wastewater Reuse For Irrigation – Preliminary Results Of Demo-Scale Activities, Pompilio Vergine

Wastewater and Biosolids Treatment and Reuse: Bridging Modeling and Experimental Studies

No abstract provided.


Linear Time Invariant Model Of Anaerobic Digestion Of Waste Activated Sludge, Antonios Sendjaja Jun 2014

Linear Time Invariant Model Of Anaerobic Digestion Of Waste Activated Sludge, Antonios Sendjaja

Wastewater and Biosolids Treatment and Reuse: Bridging Modeling and Experimental Studies

No abstract provided.


Temperature Adjustment And Calibration Of An Asm2d-Adm1 Model, A. Fenu Jun 2014

Temperature Adjustment And Calibration Of An Asm2d-Adm1 Model, A. Fenu

Wastewater and Biosolids Treatment and Reuse: Bridging Modeling and Experimental Studies

No abstract provided.


Equilibrium, Kinetic And Thermodynamic Study Of Adsorption Of Rhodamine B From Aqueous Solution By Activated Carbon From Peltophorum Pterocarpum Leaf, B. Jeyaraj, Y. Subbareddy, C. Jayakumar, K.S. Nagaraja, S. Valliammai Jun 2014

Equilibrium, Kinetic And Thermodynamic Study Of Adsorption Of Rhodamine B From Aqueous Solution By Activated Carbon From Peltophorum Pterocarpum Leaf, B. Jeyaraj, Y. Subbareddy, C. Jayakumar, K.S. Nagaraja, S. Valliammai

Wastewater and Biosolids Treatment and Reuse: Bridging Modeling and Experimental Studies

No abstract provided.


Optimal Control For Activated Sludge Alternating Flow/Aeration Systems With More Than Two Basins, A. Fenu, T. Wambecq, K. De Gussem, M. Weemaes Jun 2014

Optimal Control For Activated Sludge Alternating Flow/Aeration Systems With More Than Two Basins, A. Fenu, T. Wambecq, K. De Gussem, M. Weemaes

Wastewater and Biosolids Treatment and Reuse: Bridging Modeling and Experimental Studies

No abstract provided.


Simulation Based Feed Stream Estimation Of Wastewater Treatment Plants Using A Surrogate Model, Peter Kern Jun 2014

Simulation Based Feed Stream Estimation Of Wastewater Treatment Plants Using A Surrogate Model, Peter Kern

Wastewater and Biosolids Treatment and Reuse: Bridging Modeling and Experimental Studies

No abstract provided.


Modeling Reactions Between Activated Sludge Fractions And Ozone To Optimize Biosolids Reduction Processes, Dominic Frigon Jun 2014

Modeling Reactions Between Activated Sludge Fractions And Ozone To Optimize Biosolids Reduction Processes, Dominic Frigon

Wastewater and Biosolids Treatment and Reuse: Bridging Modeling and Experimental Studies

No abstract provided.