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2019

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Articles 1351 - 1380 of 1769

Full-Text Articles in Civil and Environmental Engineering

Effect Of Limited Tension Stiffening On Behavior Of Reinforced Concrete Panels In Shear., Xueying Wang, Jun Shang Kuang Jan 2019

Effect Of Limited Tension Stiffening On Behavior Of Reinforced Concrete Panels In Shear., Xueying Wang, Jun Shang Kuang

Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)

The principal tensile strength of cracked concrete is not well defined in existing models for predicting the shear response of reinforced concrete (RC) membrane elements; hence, the shear strength of RC elements is generally overestimated due to the unrealistic decreasing slope of tensile stress as the crack accumulates. In this paper, the effect of limited tension-stiffening behavior of cracked RC panels under pure shear stresses is investigated by proposing an analytical model named as the tension-stiffening fixed-angle truss model (TFTM). The proposed model includes the limited tension-stiffening effect of post-cracking reinforced concrete and adopts the fixed-angle theory. In the analysis …

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Thank You To Our 2018 Peer Reviewers, Gabriel Filippelli, Rita Colwell, Susan C. Anenberg, John M. Balbus, Daniela Ceccarelli, Karen Hudson-Edwards, Antarpreet Jutla, Chiyuan Miao, Paul A. Sandifer, Avner Vengosh Jan 2019

Thank You To Our 2018 Peer Reviewers, Gabriel Filippelli, Rita Colwell, Susan C. Anenberg, John M. Balbus, Daniela Ceccarelli, Karen Hudson-Edwards, Antarpreet Jutla, Chiyuan Miao, Paul A. Sandifer, Avner Vengosh

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Public trust in science, effective science communication, and rapid and constructive response to authors about their submissions are of paramount importance to the scientific enterprise and indeed to society itself. This is really at the heart of peer review—providing thoughtful insights into both the scientific quality and importance of work, and also how it is communicated to other scientists and increasingly to a broader audience. Very few opportunities exist to acknowledge the mostly anonymous process of peer review, especially given the huge increase in review requests and the relatively mechanical nature of online reviewing platforms. We continue to be humbled …

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Inspire Newsletter Spring 2019, Missouri University Of Science And Technology. Inspire - University Transportation Center Jan 2019

Inspire Newsletter Spring 2019, Missouri University Of Science And Technology. Inspire - University Transportation Center

INSPIRE Newsletters

No abstract provided.

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Inspire Newsletter Fall 2019, Missouri University Of Science And Technology. Inspire - University Transportation Center Jan 2019

Inspire Newsletter Fall 2019, Missouri University Of Science And Technology. Inspire - University Transportation Center

INSPIRE Newsletters

No abstract provided.

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Evaluating Shallow Mixing Protocols As Application Methods For Microbial Induced Calcite Precipitation Targeting Expansive Soil Treatment, Bhaskar C. S. Chittoori, Tasria Rahman, Malcolm Burbank, Arif Ali Baig Moghal Jan 2019

Evaluating Shallow Mixing Protocols As Application Methods For Microbial Induced Calcite Precipitation Targeting Expansive Soil Treatment, Bhaskar C. S. Chittoori, Tasria Rahman, Malcolm Burbank, Arif Ali Baig Moghal

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Expansive soils, also known as swell-shrink soils, undergo substantial volumetric changes due to moisture fluctuations from seasonal variations. These volumetric changes cause millions of dollars in damages annually. Microbial Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) is a promising soil improvement technique, which uses urease producing bacteria to precipitate calcium carbonate. In this study, a stabilization alternative for expansive soils was studied using MICP. Specifically, indigenous bacteria were stimulated by mixing enrichment and cementation solutions with expansive natural soils to precipitate calcium carbonate and make soil stronger and less expansive. This study examined three expansive soils with varying plasticity and mineralogical characteristics. Two …

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18-02 Investigating And Prioritizing Factors For Quantifying Bikeability, Valerian Kwigizile, Jun-Seok Oh, Sia M. Lyimo Jan 2019

18-02 Investigating And Prioritizing Factors For Quantifying Bikeability, Valerian Kwigizile, Jun-Seok Oh, Sia M. Lyimo

Transportation Research Center Reports

Bikeability is an important element that must be considered in planning bicycle facilities. The resource constraints make it imperative for the planners and engineers to be able to identify and shortlist important factors that promote cyclists’ friendly environment. The current study utilized the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), a multiple criteria decision analysis technique, to rank the relative importance of bikeability factors for on-road bicycle facilities. AHP is the most applied multiple criteria decision analysis technique due to its ability to convert subjective judgment to a numerical value which can easily be incorporated in the decision-making process. A survey was administered …

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Research & Development Tax Credit, Kevin Delaney, Bernard Doherty, James Mc Mahon, William Coffey, Ger Nagle Jan 2019

Research & Development Tax Credit, Kevin Delaney, Bernard Doherty, James Mc Mahon, William Coffey, Ger Nagle

Other resources

Ireland’s R&D tax credit system is ofmajor benefit to both multinational companies and SMEs operating in Ireland. The R&D tax credit was first introduced in Finance Act 2004 and offers a company undertaking R&D in Ireland a significant tax break, representing a potential 25% refund of costs incurred.This expenditure is also allowable as a Corporation Tax deduction, giving an effective deduction of 37.5% in a company’s tax liability.

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Calculation Methods Of Radon-222 Radiological Activity For Norm Plant With Ventilation, Pedro M. Dieguez-Elizondo, Paul G. O'Donohoe, Tomas Gil-Lopez, Juan Castejon-Navas, Miguel A. Gálvez-Huerta Jan 2019

Calculation Methods Of Radon-222 Radiological Activity For Norm Plant With Ventilation, Pedro M. Dieguez-Elizondo, Paul G. O'Donohoe, Tomas Gil-Lopez, Juan Castejon-Navas, Miguel A. Gálvez-Huerta

Articles

A procedure is proposed to determine the radiological activity of air present in the working area of a NORM (Naturally-Occurring Radioactive Materials) plant. This NORM plant is located in the United Arab Emirates and is dedicated to the recycling of material and equipment used in oil extraction facilities. Substantial quantities of NORM waste will be present inside the enclosed plant facilities and will exhale significant amounts of Radon-222 into the working environment. The continued inhalation of this gas and its progeny has been shown to cause lung cancer. In order to reduce the concentration level of the aforementioned gas to …

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Air Diffusion System Design In Large Assembly Halls. Case Study Of The Congress Of Deputies Parliament Building, Madrid, Spain, Paul G. O'Donohoe, Miguel A. Gálvez-Huerta, Tomas Gil-Lopez, Pedro M. Dieguez-Elizondo, Juan Castejon-Navas Jan 2019

Air Diffusion System Design In Large Assembly Halls. Case Study Of The Congress Of Deputies Parliament Building, Madrid, Spain, Paul G. O'Donohoe, Miguel A. Gálvez-Huerta, Tomas Gil-Lopez, Pedro M. Dieguez-Elizondo, Juan Castejon-Navas

Articles

The paper describes and analyses the air distribution solution adopted in the refurbishment of the Spanish Congress of Deputies assembly hall. A new approach is proposed for the design of displacement ventilation systems. The system performance is methodically validated both with laboratory tests, computational fluid dynamics analysis and experimental field measurements related to the environmental performance of the built environment. In assembly halls, microclimate and displacement ventilation systems, which supply air by means of floor mounted outlets, have been shown to perform adequately. In this case study floor air supply is not feasible. The solution adapted uses parapet mounted diffusers, …

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Smart Roads: Investigating Roadways As Energy Sources For Potential Application Of In-Lane Charging, Dhruvalkumar Hitendrakumar Patel Jan 2019

Smart Roads: Investigating Roadways As Energy Sources For Potential Application Of In-Lane Charging, Dhruvalkumar Hitendrakumar Patel

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The main aim of this thesis is to explore the potential for using pavements as part of energy harvesting infrastructure. Asphalt pavements can be used for multiple purposes such as for energy harvesting, eco-friendly use of the car, and the utilization of the natural renewable resources to produce electricity and that electricity use for in-lane charging technology which helps to charge a car when it is being driven on the road. The wireless charger is set-up under the asphalt pavement, and it will produce the magnetic field. The piezoelectric material and wind turbine are the electric source for applications such …

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Outside The Site Boundary, Timothy Kwan Fai Chan Jan 2019

Outside The Site Boundary, Timothy Kwan Fai Chan

Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)

No abstract provided.

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Effects Of Beam-Column Depth Ratio On Seismic Behaviour Of Non-Seismic Detailed Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joints, Ying Liu, Ho-Fai Wong, Sung-Hei Luk, Ching-Kit Tong, Hei Lam Jan 2019

Effects Of Beam-Column Depth Ratio On Seismic Behaviour Of Non-Seismic Detailed Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joints, Ying Liu, Ho-Fai Wong, Sung-Hei Luk, Ching-Kit Tong, Hei Lam

Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)

Four reinforced concrete exterior beam-column joints with open anchorage beam reinforcement, which are manufactured to simulate those in existing reinforced concrete framed buildings, are tested under reversed cyclic loads simulating earthquake excitation. The particular emphasis of this project is given to the effects of the beam-column depth ratio and the stirrup ratio in joints on the shear strength and seismic behaviour of the exterior joints without seismically designed details. The experimental results indicate that the stirrup placed in the beam-column joint cores can effectively improve the shear strength of the joint and enhance the seismic performance, and the shear strength …

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Fuel Consumption And Emissions Performance Under Real Driving: Comparison Between Hybrid And Conventional Vehicles., Yuhan Huang, Surawski C. Nic, Organ Bruce, John L. Zhou, Oscar H.H Tang, Edward F.C. Chan Jan 2019

Fuel Consumption And Emissions Performance Under Real Driving: Comparison Between Hybrid And Conventional Vehicles., Yuhan Huang, Surawski C. Nic, Organ Bruce, John L. Zhou, Oscar H.H Tang, Edward F.C. Chan

Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)

Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are perceived to be more energy efficient and less polluting than conventional internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. However, increasing evidence has shown that real-driving emissions (RDE) could be much higher than laboratory type approval limits and the advantages of HEVs over their conventional ICE counterparts under real-driving conditions have not been studied extensively. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the real-driving fuel consumption and pollutant emissions performance of HEVs against their conventional ICE counterparts. Two pairs of hybrid and conventional gasoline vehicles of the same model were tested simultaneously in a novel convoy mode using …

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Characterisation Of Diesel Vehicle Emissions And Determination Of Remote Sensing Cutpoints For Diesel High-Emitters., Yuhan Huang, Organ Bruce, John L. Zhou, Surawski C. Nic, Yat-Shing Yam, Edward F.C. Chan Jan 2019

Characterisation Of Diesel Vehicle Emissions And Determination Of Remote Sensing Cutpoints For Diesel High-Emitters., Yuhan Huang, Organ Bruce, John L. Zhou, Surawski C. Nic, Yat-Shing Yam, Edward F.C. Chan

Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)

Diesel vehicles are a major source of air pollutants in cities and have caused significant health risks to the public globally. This study used both on-road remote sensing and transient chassis dynamometer to characterise emissions of diesel light goods vehicles. A large sample size of 183 diesel vans were tested on a transient chassis dynamometer to evaluate the emission levels of in-service diesel vehicles and to determine a set of remote sensing cutpoints for diesel high-emitters. The results showed that 79% and 19% of the Euro 4 and Euro 5 diesel vehicles failed the transient cycle test, respectively. Most of …

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Impact Of Sea Surface Temperature And Surface Air Temperature On Maximizing Typhoon Rainfall: Focusing On Typhoon Maemi In Korea, Jeonghyeon Choi, Jeonghoon Lee, Sangdan Kim Jan 2019

Impact Of Sea Surface Temperature And Surface Air Temperature On Maximizing Typhoon Rainfall: Focusing On Typhoon Maemi In Korea, Jeonghyeon Choi, Jeonghoon Lee, Sangdan Kim

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

In this study, the effects of surface air temperature (SAT) and sea surface temperature (SST) changes on typhoon rainfall maximization are analysed. Based on the numerically reproduced Typhoon Maemi, this study tried to maximize the typhoon-induced rainfall by increasing the amount of saturated water vapour in the atmosphere and the amount of water vapour entering the typhoon. Using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, which is one of the regional climate models (RCMs), the rainfall simulated by WRF while increasing the SAT and SST to various sizes at initial conditions and boundary conditions of the model was analysed. As …

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Evaluation Of Hydrometric Network Efficacy And User Requirements In The Republic Of Ireland Via Expert Opinion And Statistical Analysis, Paul Hynds, Ahmed Nasr, Jean O'Dwyer Jan 2019

Evaluation Of Hydrometric Network Efficacy And User Requirements In The Republic Of Ireland Via Expert Opinion And Statistical Analysis, Paul Hynds, Ahmed Nasr, Jean O'Dwyer

Articles

Decreased funding and shifting governmental priorities have resulted in a contraction of hydrometric measurement in many regions over the past two decades. Moreover, concerns exist with respect to appropriate data usage and (transboundary) exchange, in addition to the compatibility and extent of existing hydrometric datasets. These issues are undoubtedly magnified due to enhanced data demands and increased financial pressures on network managers, thus requiring new approaches to optimising the societal benefits and overall efficacy of hydrometric information for future socio-hydrological resilience. The current study employed a quantitative cross-sectional expert elicitation of 203 respondents to collate, analyse and assess hydrometric network …

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Grain Yield, Crop And Basal Evapotranspiration, Production Functions And Water Productivity Response Of Drought-Tolerant And Non-Drought-Tolerant Maize Hybrids Under Different Irrigation Levels, Population Densities And Environments: Part Ii. In South-Central And Northeast Nebraska's Transition Zone And Sub-Humid Environments, Suat Irmak, Ali T. Mohammed, William Kranz Jan 2019

Grain Yield, Crop And Basal Evapotranspiration, Production Functions And Water Productivity Response Of Drought-Tolerant And Non-Drought-Tolerant Maize Hybrids Under Different Irrigation Levels, Population Densities And Environments: Part Ii. In South-Central And Northeast Nebraska's Transition Zone And Sub-Humid Environments, Suat Irmak, Ali T. Mohammed, William Kranz

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Information and data on newer drought-tolerant maize hybrid response to water in different climates are extremely scarce. This research quantified the performance of non-drought-tolerant (NDT) (H1) and drought-tolerant (DT) (H2, H3, and H4) maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids response to grain yield, crop evapotranspiration (ETc), basal evapotranspiration (ETb), ETc-yield production functions (ETYPF), and crop water use efficiency (CWUE) at three irrigation levels and two plant population densities (PPDs) at two locations (transition zone between sub-humid and semiarid climates at Clay Center (SCAL), Nebraska, in 2010 and 2012; and in a sub-humid climate at Concord (HAL), Nebraska, in 2010, 2011, and …

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Exploring Engineering Club, Samantha Corey, Stephen Yaghmour Jan 2019

Exploring Engineering Club, Samantha Corey, Stephen Yaghmour

Honors Program: Expanded Learning Clubs

Exploring Engineering Club provides an introduction to a variety of engineering problems and piques the students’ interest in engineering by accompanying the information with hands-on problem solving activities mainly related to structural engineering. The activities will often be done in teams which will teach good teamwork skills, as well as problem solving and critical thinking.

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The Scaling Limit Of The Membrane Model, Alessandra Cipriani, Biltu Dan, Rajat Subhra Hazra Jan 2019

The Scaling Limit Of The Membrane Model, Alessandra Cipriani, Biltu Dan, Rajat Subhra Hazra

Journal Articles

On the integer lattice, we consider the discrete membrane model, a random interface in which the field has Laplacian interaction. We prove that, under appropriate rescaling, the discrete membrane model converges to the continuum membrane model in d ≥ 2. Namely, it is shown that the scaling limit in d = 2, 3 is a Holder continuous random field, while in d ≥ 4 the membrane model converges to a random distribution. As a by-product of the proof in d = 2, 3, we obtain the scaling limit of the maximum. This work complements the analogous results of Caravenna and …

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Smart Building And Construction Materials, Donglu Shi, Julian Wang, Wen Deng Jan 2019

Smart Building And Construction Materials, Donglu Shi, Julian Wang, Wen Deng

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

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Ua66/9/1 Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Engineering Administration, Wku Archives Jan 2019

Ua66/9/1 Ogden College Of Science & Engineering Engineering Administration, Wku Archives

WKU Archives Collection Inventories

No abstract provided.

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Ce 5500: Stochastic Hydrology, University Of Virginia, Julianne Quinn Jan 2019

Ce 5500: Stochastic Hydrology, University Of Virginia, Julianne Quinn

All ECSTATIC Materials

This document is the syllabus for CE 5500: Stochastic Hydrology by instructor Julianne D. Quinn at the University of Virginia. The course is an elective class, open to upper-level undergraduate and graduate students.

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Improving Traffic Safety At School Zones By Engineering And Operational Countermeasures, Md Hasibur Rahman Jan 2019

Improving Traffic Safety At School Zones By Engineering And Operational Countermeasures, Md Hasibur Rahman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Safety issues at school zone areas have been one of the most important topics in the traffic safety field. Although many studies have evaluated the effectiveness of various traffic control devices (e.g., sign, flashing beacon, speed monitoring display), there is a lack of studies exploring different roadway countermeasures and the relationship between school-related factors and crashes. In this study, the most crash-prone school zone was identified in Orange and Seminole Counties, Florida, based on crash rate. Afterward, a microsimulation network was built in VISSIM environment to test different roadway countermeasures in the school zones. Three different countermeasures: two-step speed reduction …

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Flexural Behaviour Of Superelastic Shape Memory Alloy Reinforced Concrete Beams During Loading And Unloading Stages, Yamen Ibrahim Elbahy, Maged Youssef Jan 2019

Flexural Behaviour Of Superelastic Shape Memory Alloy Reinforced Concrete Beams During Loading And Unloading Stages, Yamen Ibrahim Elbahy, Maged Youssef

Civil and Environmental Engineering Publications

Trend of using smart structures, which can adjust when exposed to severe unexpected loading, is increasing. One of the methods to achieve such structures relies on smart materials. For example, replacing conventional steel reinforcing bars in Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures with superelastic Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) bars significantly reduces the residual deformations caused by post-yielding behaviour. This paper provides in-depth understanding of the flexural behaviour of SMA RC beams. A sectional analysis method, which predicts the flexural behaviour of SMA RC beams during both loading and unloading stages, is adopted and validated using available experimental data. An extensive parametric study …

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Seismic Performance Of Reinforced Concrete Frames Retrofitted Using External Superelastic Shape Memory Alloy Bars, Yamen Ibrahim Elbahy, Maged A. Youssef, Mohamed E. Meshaly Jan 2019

Seismic Performance Of Reinforced Concrete Frames Retrofitted Using External Superelastic Shape Memory Alloy Bars, Yamen Ibrahim Elbahy, Maged A. Youssef, Mohamed E. Meshaly

Civil and Environmental Engineering Publications

Pre-1970s designed and built reinforced concrete frame structures are considered unsafe when subjected to seismic loads. Insufficient anchorage of the beam reinforcement in the beam-column joints of these structures is considered a main deficiency. Newly built frame structures are seismically designed for safety, where high inelastic deformations can occur under moderate to strong earthquakes. Minimizing these inelastic deformations makes the structure repairable. One way to minimize these residual deformations is by using smart materials such as superelastic shape memory alloys (SMAs). In this paper, the seismic performance of RC frames retrofitted using external superelastic SMA bars is investigated and compared …

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Ductile Corrosion-Free Self-Centering Concrete Elements, Maged Youssef, Mohamed E. Meshaly, Ahmed Elansary Jan 2019

Ductile Corrosion-Free Self-Centering Concrete Elements, Maged Youssef, Mohamed E. Meshaly, Ahmed Elansary

Civil and Environmental Engineering Publications

Corrosion is a major factor in the deterioration of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. To mitigate this problem, steel bars can be replaced with glass-fiber-reinforced-polymer (GFRP) bars. However, the lack of ductility of GFRP-RC elements has prevented their use in many structural applications, especially in seismic areas. Superelastic shape memory alloy (SMA) bars have been proposed to be used in seismic areas because of their self-centering characteristics. Also, they have the added advantage of being corrosion resistant. This paper examines the combined use of SMA and GFRP bars to achieve ductile self-centering and corrosion-free elements. The first challenge for such a …

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Policies Required To Encourage Biomethane As A Transport Fuel, Daniel Goulding Jan 2019

Policies Required To Encourage Biomethane As A Transport Fuel, Daniel Goulding

PhDs

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the transport industry is a major environmental issue which the world currently faces. In Ireland, the transport sector accounted for 19% of its total GHG emissions in 2015 which is projected to increase to 29% by 2030. The European Union Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC) mandates Ireland to achieve a 10% share of renewable energy sources in transport (RES-T) by 2020. The Irish Government proposes to achieve the RES-T through biofuels (9%) and electric vehicles (1%). However, in 2016 the RES-T of Ireland stood at 5.0% and requires significant renewable energy penetration to reach the 2020 …

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Reply To “Discussion Of ‘On The Soil Water Characteristic Curves Of Poorly Graded Granular Materials In Aqueous Polymer Solutions’ By Junnan Cao, Jongwon Jung, Xiaoyu Song And Bate Bate, Acta Geotechnica, 2018, 13(1):103–116” By Peng Liu And Xiaoming Liu, Zejian Chen, Junnan Cao, Bate Bate, Xiaoyu Song Jan 2019

Reply To “Discussion Of ‘On The Soil Water Characteristic Curves Of Poorly Graded Granular Materials In Aqueous Polymer Solutions’ By Junnan Cao, Jongwon Jung, Xiaoyu Song And Bate Bate, Acta Geotechnica, 2018, 13(1):103–116” By Peng Liu And Xiaoming Liu, Zejian Chen, Junnan Cao, Bate Bate, Xiaoyu Song

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

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Congestion Mitigation Strategy: Modeling The Effect Of Different Geometric Configurations Of A Two-Lane On-Ramp On Capacity Using Vissim, Rhizlane Brachmi Jan 2019

Congestion Mitigation Strategy: Modeling The Effect Of Different Geometric Configurations Of A Two-Lane On-Ramp On Capacity Using Vissim, Rhizlane Brachmi

ETD Archive

Freeway on-ramps are critical components of freeway systems since they control the entry of traffic to the mainline. According to the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM), a two-lane on-ramp configuration will achieve less turbulence than a similar one-lane on-ramp but little guidance on the desired lengths of the acceleration lanes or their effect on the operation of the influence area is provided. An experiment was designed to investigate the effect of the lengths of the acceleration lanes of isolated, two-lane on-ramps on the operation of the ramp influence area. The Highway Capacity Software (HCS) was used to calculate the density of …

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Optimal Assessment Of Weigh-In-Motion Data For Structural Reliability Based Rating Of Bridge Superstructures, Sasan Siavashi Jan 2019

Optimal Assessment Of Weigh-In-Motion Data For Structural Reliability Based Rating Of Bridge Superstructures, Sasan Siavashi

Wayne State University Dissertations

The first objectives of this research are to propose a simplified procedure to reduce the vehicle dataset need to be considered for load rating of bridge superstructures. The second objective is to explore the effectiveness of Reliability Based Design Optimization (RBDO) to develop a State-specific rating load model for a set of bridge superstructures. Finally, an alternative novel approach to develop rating models as effective as an ideal RBDO solution is proposed. The proposed solutions can substantially reduce the computational effort while not compromising the level of accuracy.

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