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2008

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Articles 421 - 450 of 997

Full-Text Articles in Civil and Environmental Engineering

Soil-Structure Interaction Effects Of High Rise Buildings, Hien Nghiem, Nien-Yin Chang Aug 2008

Soil-Structure Interaction Effects Of High Rise Buildings, Hien Nghiem, Nien-Yin Chang

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

As high rises are built or designed for in areas of high seismic activities, it is critical to examine their seismic responses using analysis code that reveals a more realistic view of the behavior of these structures for their performance under strong seismic shaking. To understand the seismic soil-structure interaction effects, a 33-story building and a 20-story building were subjected to seismic response analysis using SSI-3D. To reflect the evolution of SSI effects, analyses were performed for the cases with rigid base, flexible base with linear foundation springs, flexible base with linear soil, flexible with nonlinear springs, and the full …

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The Coefficient Of Subgrade Reaction And Its Accuracy On Design Of Foundations, Jamshid Sadrekarimi, Maryam Akbarzad Ghamari Aug 2008

The Coefficient Of Subgrade Reaction And Its Accuracy On Design Of Foundations, Jamshid Sadrekarimi, Maryam Akbarzad Ghamari

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

In this paper different methods proposed for determination of ks are discussed, compared and evaluated for their suitability and accuracy. The geotechnical parameters of a site on Tabriz Marl were selected as the base data and settlement analysis results with different methods were compared with that of obtained from analyses with advanced soil models using Safe and Plaxis soft wares. It was disclosed that for Tabriz Marl, soft soil model is the best governing model and Vesic relation among the methods of determination of ks leads to a negligible error in comparison to the soft soil model. Also, in order …

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Heave Problem In Spread Footing In Jordanian Expansive Soil, Omar Hmoud Al-Hattamleh Aug 2008

Heave Problem In Spread Footing In Jordanian Expansive Soil, Omar Hmoud Al-Hattamleh

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Spread footing foundation system is widely used here in Jordan. Cheap cost compare with other foundation type and accumulative practice makes them preferable in the construction industry. Overdesign of such footing and the lack of effective heave prediction lead to an unexpected outcome. Several residences building in Irbid province were suffered from severe crack. Subsequently, owners of these houses are enforced to leave their homes. In this paper a case study of a damaged one-storey reinforced concrete structure presented. The investigation shown that, the spread footings in the damaged part of the structure are over design, while the grade beam …

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Influence Of Taper In Selecting Pile Support System Or Major Structures, Walter G. Brusey, Robert Yin Aug 2008

Influence Of Taper In Selecting Pile Support System Or Major Structures, Walter G. Brusey, Robert Yin

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Tapered steel piles have been used predominantly at JFKIA to provide foundation support for selected structures including “International and Domestic Air Terminals” plus heavily loaded multi-level “Parking Garages”, JFK Airtrain Elevated Guideway, JFK Terminal at Jamaica, Queens, NYC and other facilities. The historical development and comparative evaluation of tapered piles with other pile types are addressed. Results of dynamic measurements to permit evaluation of pile capacity during initial installation and at predetermined subsequent intervals to evaluate set-up (increased capacity with time) are provided. Final selected ultimate pile capacities are always confirmed by standard compression load tests illustrated by an extensive …

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On Short-Term And Long-Term Behavior Of Large Diameter Above Ground Steel Storage Tanks Founded On Glacial Tills, Dan Dimitriu, C. (Kees) Kooy Aug 2008

On Short-Term And Long-Term Behavior Of Large Diameter Above Ground Steel Storage Tanks Founded On Glacial Tills, Dan Dimitriu, C. (Kees) Kooy

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The paper summarizes settlement records taken over periods of weeks and up to 45 years on above ground steel storage tanks 20 m to 50 m in diameter, 14 m to 20 m high, founded on fine-grained glacial tills. Soil information for each of the tanks is provided from different sources such as conventional boreholes, test pits, and sometimes Dilatometer tests. Three newly constructed tanks have been instrumented with piezometers and a tank base hydraulic profiler for monitoring during hydrotesting. The presented long-term settlements for the older tanks, and the short-term monitoring data collected from the hydrotested tanks are examined …

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Settlement Analysis Of Axially Loaded Piles, Hoyoung Seo, Monica Prezzi, Rodrigo Salgado Aug 2008

Settlement Analysis Of Axially Loaded Piles, Hoyoung Seo, Monica Prezzi, Rodrigo Salgado

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

In pile design, settlement controls the design in most cases because, by the time a pile has failed in terms of bearing capacity, it is very likely that serviceability will have already been compromised. This notwithstanding, pile foundations are often designed based on the calculations of ultimate resistances reduced by factors of safety. This is in part due to the lack of accessible realistic analyses for estimation of settlement, especially for piles installed in layered soil. This paper presents a new settlement analysis method for axially loaded piles in multilayered soil and analyzes two case histories for which load tests …

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Dedication: Ralph B. Peck, Shamsher Prakash Aug 2008

Dedication: Ralph B. Peck, Shamsher Prakash

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Conference Schedule, Multiple Authors Aug 2008

Conference Schedule, Multiple Authors

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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General Report — Session 5: Case Histories And Failure Of Retaining Structures, Slurry Walls, And Deep Foundations, Alex Sy, Yingwei (Alex) Wu, Jose Matos E Silva Aug 2008

General Report — Session 5: Case Histories And Failure Of Retaining Structures, Slurry Walls, And Deep Foundations, Alex Sy, Yingwei (Alex) Wu, Jose Matos E Silva

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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General Report — Session 7: Soil Property Improvement And Environmental Contamination, José L. M. Clemente, Mounir Bouassida, Dhananjay L. Shah, Muawia A. Dafallia Aug 2008

General Report — Session 7: Soil Property Improvement And Environmental Contamination, José L. M. Clemente, Mounir Bouassida, Dhananjay L. Shah, Muawia A. Dafallia

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Averted Piping Failure—Earth Dam On Permeable Foundation, Scott Newhouse Aug 2008

Averted Piping Failure—Earth Dam On Permeable Foundation, Scott Newhouse

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

“The dam builder has substantial control over the properties of the structure he builds, but he must take the foundation as it is furnished by nature.” (Cedergren, 1989) This paper presents the case of an earth dam built on a permeable foundation where seepage problems nearly caused failure of the dam. Early during first filling, before the lake was even half full, the dam showed significant seepage. Seepage boils appeared at the dam’s toe, indicating the onset of piping failure through the foundation. Although seepage boils indicating a failure mechanism appeared, dam failure was averted. The paper describes the events …

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Case Study Of Failure Of A R.C.C. Counterfort Retaining Wall, R. D. Padhye, P. B. Ullagaddi Aug 2008

Case Study Of Failure Of A R.C.C. Counterfort Retaining Wall, R. D. Padhye, P. B. Ullagaddi

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

It is a fact that the retaining wall failures have occurred in the distant past as also in recent times and will recur inevitably in future. The reasons of failure are ultimately the errors of judgment to which no humans including the greatest of engineers are immune. Free flow of information on failure incidents is greatly inhibited in most of the cases by the natural tendency to avoid publicizing our mistakes although all human are prone to them. The present study through light on a failure of a recently constructed R.C.C. counter fort Retaining wall. The wall is located near …

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Failure Of The Embankment On Soft Soil In Recife-Brazil, Maria Isabela Marques Da Cunha V. Bello, Roberto Quental Coutinho, Alexandre Duarte Gusmão Aug 2008

Failure Of The Embankment On Soft Soil In Recife-Brazil, Maria Isabela Marques Da Cunha V. Bello, Roberto Quental Coutinho, Alexandre Duarte Gusmão

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

This paper presents the study of the rupture of an embankment on soft clay, localized in Recife, Brazil. The data was obtained from partnership of the Department of Civil Engineering of the Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil and the company Gusmão Engineers Associates, which it was possible to perform a Master Thesis. The embankment was constructed without geotechnical investigation project, accompaniment and technological control. After the rupture, to understand the process, a geotechnical investigation was performed to permit a total stress stability analyze / back-analyze, considering circular and non-circular surfaces, occurrence of cracking in embankment, and the three-dimensional effect. The …

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Experimental And Numerical Analysis Of The Behaviour Of An Embankment Stabilized With Vertical Drains, Francesco Castelli, Valentina Lentini, Michele Maugeri Aug 2008

Experimental And Numerical Analysis Of The Behaviour Of An Embankment Stabilized With Vertical Drains, Francesco Castelli, Valentina Lentini, Michele Maugeri

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The paper deals with the settlement analysis of an embankment founded on soft soil and realized for the construction of a reinforced concrete building in the industrial area of Catania (Sicily, Italy). The solution adopted consisted in the construction of the embankment by stages with thirty-three vertical prefabricated drains disposed under the embankment. Soil consolidation settlements took place since the beginning of the embankment construction. The experimental measurements were carried out since August 2000 up to January 2001. The site was well investigated by means of in-situ and laboratory tests. A significantly correspondence between the values of the geotechnical parameters …

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Evaluation Of Dispersive Properties Of Clays To Be Used In Embankment Of Arsuz - Gönençay Dam, Ayşe Aydin, Eray Özgüler Aug 2008

Evaluation Of Dispersive Properties Of Clays To Be Used In Embankment Of Arsuz - Gönençay Dam, Ayşe Aydin, Eray Özgüler

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Dispersive clays can easily be eroded when they contact with water having high percent dissolved sodium ion in pores. Colloidal clay minerals in these types of soil produce suspension even in stagnant water by dispersion and decomposition. Use of dispersive clays as an impervious material in embankments and dams can cause serious problems of internal erosion (piping) and failure induced by these problems. In this paper, impervious material areas of Arsuz Gönençay dam are discussed as an example of evaluation of usability of dispersive clays in dam fills. The dam type was selected as zoned earth fill at the stage …

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Initial Filling Of Tehri Reservoir — Analysis Of Seepage Data, R. S. T. Sai, S. K. Shukla, G. M. Prasad, R. K. Vishnoi, Sandeep Singhal Aug 2008

Initial Filling Of Tehri Reservoir — Analysis Of Seepage Data, R. S. T. Sai, S. K. Shukla, G. M. Prasad, R. K. Vishnoi, Sandeep Singhal

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Initial Filling of reservoirs in dams, particularly the embankment type, is a very important phase as unusual behaviour / accidents of many dams have been reported during this period. A regular observation / analysis of quantum of seepage vis-à-vis the reservoir level is a significant activity so that any serious development inside the body of dam and foundation / abutments rocks are revealed in advance and remedial measures are taken up timely to prevent catastrophic failures. At Tehri, a 260.5m high earth & rockfill dam has been constructed across river Bhagirathi, a tributary of mighty river Ganga in India. Seepage …

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Lessons Learned From The Performance Of A Degradable Shale Embankment: Case Study, Sebastian Lobo-Guerrero, Neal W. Fannin, James G. Ulinski, Suresh Gutta Aug 2008

Lessons Learned From The Performance Of A Degradable Shale Embankment: Case Study, Sebastian Lobo-Guerrero, Neal W. Fannin, James G. Ulinski, Suresh Gutta

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Degradable shales are sedimentary rocks with properties that can vary from those of solid rock to soil like materials if subjected to wetting and drying cycles. If the potential for degradation of the shale is not identified on time, rock like particles could be used as strong embankment material. After wetting and drying cycles, degradation occurs and the initial large voids formed between the generally uniform rock particles are filled with smaller fragments, resulting in significant settlements and slope instability. This paper present a case study of a 40 foot (12.2m) approach embankment having 1.5H:1V slopes that was unintentionally constructed …

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General Report — Session 6: Geological, Rock And Mining Engineering, Including Underground Structures And Excavations, And Subsidence Of Deltas, Dimitrios Zekkos, Amy L. Guisinger, Edmund Medley, Daniel A. Vellone Aug 2008

General Report — Session 6: Geological, Rock And Mining Engineering, Including Underground Structures And Excavations, And Subsidence Of Deltas, Dimitrios Zekkos, Amy L. Guisinger, Edmund Medley, Daniel A. Vellone

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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General Report — Session 9: Case Histories Of Offshore Geotechnics, Gareth M. Swift Aug 2008

General Report — Session 9: Case Histories Of Offshore Geotechnics, Gareth M. Swift

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

No abstract provided.

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Locating Slide Surface And Pre-Slide Topography Using Site Investigation Data, Case Study: Maskun Landslide, Vahid Maazallahi, Ali Saiedi Aug 2008

Locating Slide Surface And Pre-Slide Topography Using Site Investigation Data, Case Study: Maskun Landslide, Vahid Maazallahi, Ali Saiedi

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The geometric shape of the slide surface and the topography of before and after the failure are the essential factors for analysis of a landslide and for design of remedial works. Since determination of the slide surface profile is difficult and costly using traditional methods and often the pre-slide topography is not accessible, this paper is going to present two techniques to determine these factors. The presented technique to locate 3dimensional geometric shape of the slide surface is based upon determining slide surface in 2dimensional vertical sections. The outcrop and other signs of slide surface are implemented factors for this …

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Predicted Versus Observed Failure Surface: A Case Study, P. K. Basudhar, G. Bhattacharya Aug 2008

Predicted Versus Observed Failure Surface: A Case Study, P. K. Basudhar, G. Bhattacharya

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

The paper pertains to the studies undertaken to investigate the efficacy and correctness of a numerical scheme developed by the authors to predict the stability of slopes. As such, a well documented failed test embankment has been reanalyzed using the suggested method for predicting the critical slip surface and the associated factor of safety. A comparison of the predicted failure surface (critical slip surface) with the observed failure surface showed close agreement; the corresponding value of factor of safety was found to be close to unity. Thus, the case study demonstrated that with appropriate choice of the strength parameters the …

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Repair Of A Failed Slope Using Geogrid Reinforcement, Pichit Jamnongpipatkul, Punya Chupanit Aug 2008

Repair Of A Failed Slope Using Geogrid Reinforcement, Pichit Jamnongpipatkul, Punya Chupanit

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Slope failures often occur in highways located in the mountainous terrain of Northern Thailand. There are several factors which induce those failures. The construction material consists of cohesionless decomposed granite. The highway embankment is steep over 30 m in height. The rainfall is very high during the monsoon season. Due to limitation of right of way, difficulty in the reconstruction and environmental consideration, geogrid reinforced embankment is introduced. The advantages of using the reinforced structure are to use less material because the very steep slope can be maintained and the vegetative cover is feasible. However, the method is expensive, economical …

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Geotechnical Schemes For Constructing Light Structures On Instable Slopes, Farzad Farrokhzad, Asskar Janali-Zadeh Aug 2008

Geotechnical Schemes For Constructing Light Structures On Instable Slopes, Farzad Farrokhzad, Asskar Janali-Zadeh

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Slopes in soils and rocks are natural or man-made structures. Landslide and slope failure are responsible for millions of dollars of damage to public and private property every year. The great variety of slope movements reflects the diversity of conditions that cause the slope to become unstable and the processes that trigger the movement. The stability of a slope can be threatened by erosion due to surface water runoff, or more severe erosive forces associated with water. In this paper the geotechnical schemes which were done for constructing light structure (aviculture) in Noabad (Mazandaran-Iran) by regarding to the movement of …

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Study Of Instability Event Of Rock Trench In Vanyar Dam Spillway, A. Sadeghpour, J. Asgari, M. Mojezi Aug 2008

Study Of Instability Event Of Rock Trench In Vanyar Dam Spillway, A. Sadeghpour, J. Asgari, M. Mojezi

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Vanyar dam is located near Tabriz city, North West of Iran. The side channel overflow spillway of this dam is located on the left side of dam body with discharge capacity of 1330 m3/sec. To construct this spillway a soil-rock slope with height of maximum 140m is excavated. After about three years, some surface cracks and slides started to develop. This research tries to study the reasons of these instabilities and some approaches are presented to stabilize the slope. This slope is located on too weathered and crushed igneous rocks and weak sandstones. The field studies indicated that …

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Evaluation Of Liquefaction Potential And Post-Liquefaction Settlement Of Tzuoswei River Alluvial Plain In Western Taiwan, C. P. Kuo, M. Chang, R. E. Hsu, S. H. Shau, T. M. Lin Aug 2008

Evaluation Of Liquefaction Potential And Post-Liquefaction Settlement Of Tzuoswei River Alluvial Plain In Western Taiwan, C. P. Kuo, M. Chang, R. E. Hsu, S. H. Shau, T. M. Lin

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Taiwan is located in the conjunction area between Eurasia Plate and Philippine Sea Plate. As a result, the geology condition of the island is complex and the earthquake activity is frequent. On September 21, 1999, a severe earthquake (ML = 7.3) hit Chi-chi Town and resulted in significant damages and casualties in the mid-west plain of Taiwan. The alluvial deposits of Tzuoswei River, the largest river system of the island, had also experienced serious liquefaction damages during the shaking. The aim of the study was to as-sess the potential of liquefaction and the associated post-liquefaction settlement of the area. …

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Google Earth Mapping Of Damage From The Niigata-Ken-Chuetsu M6.6 Earthquake Of 16 July 2007, Robert Kayen, Wm. Clint Steele, Brian Collins, Kevin Walker Aug 2008

Google Earth Mapping Of Damage From The Niigata-Ken-Chuetsu M6.6 Earthquake Of 16 July 2007, Robert Kayen, Wm. Clint Steele, Brian Collins, Kevin Walker

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

We describe the use of Google Earth during and after a large damaging earthquake that struck the central Japan coast on 16 July 2007 to collect and organize damage information and guide the reconnaissance activities. This software enabled greater real-time collaboration among scientists and engineers. After the field investigation, the Google Earth map is used as a final reporting product that was directly linked to the more traditional research report document. Finally, we analyze the use of the software within the context of a post-disaster reconnaissance investigation, and link it to student use of Google Earth in field situations.

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Seismic Behaviour Of Water Front Structures With Tyre Chip Backfill, S. P. Gopal Madabhushi, U. Cilingir, S. K. Haigh, H. Hazarika Aug 2008

Seismic Behaviour Of Water Front Structures With Tyre Chip Backfill, S. P. Gopal Madabhushi, U. Cilingir, S. K. Haigh, H. Hazarika

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Water front structures have suffered significant damage in many of the recent earthquakes. One of the primary causes for the poor performance of these classes of structures is the liquefaction of the foundation soil and in some instances liquefaction of the backfill soil. The liquefaction of the soil in-front of the quay wall tends to cause large lateral displacements and rotation of the wall. Full or partial liquefaction of the backfill can result in the increase of lateral earth pressure exerted on the wall that can cause additional lateral displacement of the wall. In this paper numerical analyses of a …

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Seismic Site Characterization Of Delhi Region Using Microtremor Method: A Case Study, Neelima Satyam, K. S. Rao Aug 2008

Seismic Site Characterization Of Delhi Region Using Microtremor Method: A Case Study, Neelima Satyam, K. S. Rao

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Microtremor method is the most inexpensive and convenient technique for dynamic site characterization of sedimentary basins. This study was carried out in Delhi NCR at 144 different stations and field measurements were taken using velocity sensors for a period of 1 hr at each station point. The data was analyzed using VIEW 2002 software for the estimation of fundamental resonance frequency. The results of the all 144 stations were divided into four categories (T1, T2, T3, and T4) based on the shape of the H/V spectra, resonance frequency and soil type. Since the detailed (bore hole data) soil profile at …

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Prediction Of Post-Earthquake Failure For A Near-Shore Slope In A Low Seismic Region, Mahmood Seid-Karbasi, James Ji, Upul Atukorala, Peter Byrne Aug 2008

Prediction Of Post-Earthquake Failure For A Near-Shore Slope In A Low Seismic Region, Mahmood Seid-Karbasi, James Ji, Upul Atukorala, Peter Byrne

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

Liquefaction of water-saturated sandy soils remains a major concern in geotechnical earthquake engineering. Experience from past earthquakes indicates that large lateral spreads and flow slides in sand deposits have taken place in coastal and river areas not only during shaking but also some time after earthquake shaking ceases. The ground slopes in these slides were often gentler than a few percent. Recent research including physical model tests and numerical investigations indicates that the presence of a low permeability silt or clay layer as a hydraulic barrier may be responsible for some of the historical and seemingly unexplainable landslides. This paper …

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Shear Wave-Velocity Investigation Of Soil Liquefaction Sites From The Tangshan, China M7.8 Earthquake Of 1976 Using Active And Passive Surface Wave Methods, Robert Kayen, Xiaxin Tao, Lijing Shi, Hailiang Shi Aug 2008

Shear Wave-Velocity Investigation Of Soil Liquefaction Sites From The Tangshan, China M7.8 Earthquake Of 1976 Using Active And Passive Surface Wave Methods, Robert Kayen, Xiaxin Tao, Lijing Shi, Hailiang Shi

International Conference on Case Histories in Geotechnical Engineering

An initial investigation of soil liquefaction sites from the July, 28 1976 Tangshan M7.8 earthquake was conducted between 1976 and 1978 by the National Ministry of Railways, China. These data are the basis of the ‘Chinese Method’ for assessment of liquefaction potential of silty-sand deposits, and are an important component of the worldwide data set for modern probabilistic methods for assessment of soil liquefaction using Bayesian updating and system reliability tools. We revisited 26 sites identified in the maps and published 198 report of the Ministry of Railways in order to investigate these locations with a suite of active- and …

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