Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons^™

Removal Of Organic Chemical Contaminants By Granular Activated Carbon., Garry Reinhold Aronberg

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effectiveness of GAC* filtration in removing organic chemical contaminants from drinking water, and to determine whether the T.O. No. of the treated water could aid in the routine monitoring of the GAC filters.

Two pilot filters containing 18-in. (45.7-cm) deep GAC beds were installed at water treatment plants in Jefferson City and St. Louis County, MO; both plants treated Missouri River water. A bituminous coal-base (large surface area, small pore volume) and 2 lignite coal-base (small surface area, large pore volume) carbons were tested at 2 and 5 gpm/sq ft (81.4 …

Thermal Response Of A Composite Bridge Structure, David John Wisch

Masters Theses

"This experimental investigation was conducted as an intermediate study to verify and substantiate a prior theoretical study for possible utilization toward development of rational bridge design criteria. The objectives of the study were to construct and instrument a 15 ft - 15 ft (4.6 m- 4.6 m) two-span, composite design, laboratory structure, to subject the structure to thermal loading, and to correlate the experimental temperature distributions, strain distributions, and deflections with those obtained from the theoretical study. Infrared heat lamps were used to obtain steady-state thermal loading.

Three theoretical cases were considered for strain calculations: a) both the slab and …

A Unit Hydrograph For The Missouri Ozark Region., Melvin G. Schaefer

Masters Theses

"Eleven small watersheds from the Missouri Ozark region are used in generating a synthetic unit hydrograph. The analysis is composed of three parts: First, a prediction equation is developed which correlates the time lag parameter with the physical features of the watershed. Second, an equation is developed which predicts the peak flow ordinate for 30-, 60- and 120-minute unit hydrographs. Third, an average dimensionless unit hydrograph is determined"-- Abstract, p. iii

A Study Of Trace Organics And Trace Organic-Bound Metals In Raw And Finished Waters., Robert Lee Stewart

Masters Theses

"The main objectives of this study were: (a) to prepare a comprehensive review and evaluation of the literature pertaining to trace substances, with emphasis on their status in water supplies, health effects, and fate in treatment; ( b) to establish the methodology needed for measuring trace metals in trace organic substances; and (c) to determine the metal content of organic extracts recovered from surface, subsurface, and finished waters.

Raw and finished water was obtained at the Sedalia, MO, water treatment plant, and 5 sources were sampled (3 surface, 1 well, 1 plant-treated). The 0-CA* and SEM procedures were employed to …

Wastewater Treatment With Activated Carbon., Chia-Soui Joseph Lu

Masters Theses

"The objectives of this study was to determine the capabilities of selected types of activated carbon as an adsorbent for the removal of organic materials from municipal wastewater and sludges. The organic sources included primary and secondary clarifier effluent, blended sludge, and digester supernatant. Two other organic sources, glucose and alanine, were also examined to determine their removal from aqueous solution by activated carbon adsorption.

The organic impurities, in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD), were reduced from 68 mg/1 in the primary effluent and 35 mg/1 in the secondary clarifier effluent to approximately 15 mg/1 for both. However, the …

Ultrasonic Instrumentation And The Dynamic Evaluation Of Asphalt-Aggregate Mixtures., John Edward Hill

Masters Theses

"Ultrasonic probes have been constructed for use in the dynamic and nondestructive testing of asphaltic concrete specimens. The probe systems exhibited characteristics superior to the solitary ii use of their main components, the piezoelectric crystals. The probes have the advantages of the reduction of ringing time, the concentration of ultrasound in one direction, the elimination of "noise" due to unshielded connections and the increased durability of the probe system.

The probes constructed were used in a limited testing program. Compression and transverse wave velocities in the specimens tested were measured simultaneously. Sample conditions suitable for maximum wave velocity corresponded to …

Disposal Of Lead And Zinc Cationic Wastes On Soils., Stephen Melvin Linnemann

Masters Theses

"The sorption and desorption of lead and zinc on soil samples from the "New Lead Belt" of southeastern Missouri and from Springfield, Missouri, were investigated using both column and batch systems. These cations were selected for study because of the possible effects which soil pollution in the "New Lead Belt" mining region could have on shallow aquifers and because both metals are utilized in the electroplating industry.

It was found that soil has the ability to sorb lead and zinc; however, the cation-exchange capacity (C.E.C.) of the soils studied was not fully satisfied, though there was evidence that i f …

A Method Of Predicting The Economic Effects Of Highways In Undeveloped Countries., Mohamed Magzoub Abdallah

Masters Theses

"This paper reviews the findings of the socio-economic impact studies pertaining to land-use changes. An attempt is made to explain, through land-use studies, the relationship between the past and future development of the City of Rolla, Missouri, and the system of highways serving the city, The relationship between land-use changes, expressed in active units rather than areas, and the level of activity related to those changes, rep resented by 0-D traffic volumes, is studied for Rolla and the difference in the behavior of this relationship in undeveloped countries is discussed"-- Abstract, p. ii

Dynamic Testing Of Anchors Buried In Dry Sand., Jim Lee Hillhouse

Masters Theses

"The dynamic pullout resistance of anchors was investigated through the use of model testing under controlled conditions. The soil used for the model tests was a dry sand compacted to a uniform relative density of approximately 92 percent. The dynamic loading of the anchor-soil system was applied by a mechanical device, which applied a specific amplitude and frequency of dynamic load to the anchor-soil system.

The dynamic testing of the anchors consisted of two phases. First, an initial static load was applied to the anchor. Second, a dynamic load was superimposed over the initial static load. The load applied to …

A Study Of Trace Organic Emissions In Mining And Milling Wastewaters In The New Lead Belt Of Southeastern Missouri., Alan James Callier

Masters Theses

"The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the trace organic contributions by two lead and zinc mining and milling operations in Southeastern Missouri. A secondary objective was to evaluate a reverse osmosis-solvent extraction method for use in recovering trace organics.

Trace organics were recovered in the first phase of the study following procedures as outlined by the American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM), with chloroform and benzene being used as the solvents. The data indicated that the milling waste contained a larger concentration of trace organics than the excess mine water. Furthermore, it was shown that recycling …

Denitrification Of A Synthetic Waste With A Submerged Filter, Dominic Joseph Grana

Masters Theses

"The facultative anaerobic submerged filter is a plug flow, packed bed, column type reactor in which the facultative microorganisms responsible for nitrate reduction are attached to the filter media. The objective of this study was to evaluate filter performance and the kinetic equations of the process under variable conditions of flow rate, nitrate nitrogen concentration, and organic loading.

Two 0.5 cu ft (14.25 1) laboratory filters were operated for 144 days at 35°C using a synthetic waste as the substrate. Filter media consisted of smooth quartzite stone, 1 to 1.5 in. (2.54-3.82 cm) in diameter. Each filter had a porosity …

Effects Of Colloidal Materials And Polyelectrolytes On Carbon Adsorption In Aqueous Solution., Jack Taylor Garrett Jr.

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of certain colloidal materials and long-chain polyelectrolytes on the adsorption efficiency of some selected activated carbons which were manufactured from both coal-based and lignite-based materials. Phenol was used as the adsorbate to determine the adsorption efficiency.

At the beginning of the study, four brands of activated carbon (i.e. Filtrasorb 400, Darco, Norit, and Witco 256) were tried, based on the preliminary adsorption data, two activated carbons were subsequently selected for use throughout the entire study. These were Calgon's Filtrasorb 400 and American Norit's Norit activated carbons. The former represents a …

Planned Unit Development: A Comprehensive Analysis Of A New Approach To Community Living., John Raymond Weese

Masters Theses

"Undeveloped land in America has been one of our most cherished natural resources for many years. Yet, land development has often been haphazard and extremely wasteful.

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of one particular method for developing land which utilizes land efficiently, but which also respects the natural characteristics of a land development site. The Planned Unit Development process is such a method, and it is the subject of this paper.

The Planned Unit Development concept is an outgrowth of the planned community concept which has existed for many years. However, only recently has the Planned Unit Development concept …

Characterization And Pollutional Contribution Of Stormwater Runoff From A Small Urban Area., John Lamb Wendleton

Masters Theses

"Stormwater runoff from urban areas has long been recognized as a pollutional source, however, only in the last decade has there been an extensive eff ort to measure its effect on receiving lakes and streams. Because runoff from small urban communities has received limited attention, this investigation was undertaken to determine the quality and pollutional contribution of stormwater runoff from a small urban area. The specific objectives of the study were: to characterize and correlate runoff quality with land use activity and to qualitatively and quantitatively measure the pollutants discharged with respect to time.

Runoff from 3 test watersheds in …

A Multiple-Plan Evaluation Model For Small Ungauged Watersheds, James R. Dexter

Masters Theses

A computer solution model is proposed for simulation of the effect of alternative measures for flood damage reduction. The goal of the model is to optimize the value of an objective function which will maximize the amount of net benefits returned by the project. The evaluation includes unit hydrograph synthesis, direct runoff construction, computation of average annual damages, and optimization of an objective function. A test application of the model is made on a small community affected by floods from a small ungauged stream"--Abstract, page iii.

Relative Performance Of Two Activated Carbons In Treating Pharmaceutical Waste., K. A. Narasimhan

Masters Theses

"This work examined the feasibility of the carbon adsorption system to treat a high organic strength waste (having a COD of 8,100 mg/£) from a pharmaceutical plant, and also compared the relative treatment efficiencies of two different kinds of carbon~ Calgon Filtrasorb 400 and Darco S-51, both having the same size ranges.

The overall treatment scheme employed consisted of chemical clarification and activated carbon adsorption. Jar tests were conducted to select a proper type of coagulant and determine an optimum dosage. Batch and column adsorption studies were conducted using both carbons.

Alum was found to be a better coagulant than …

Local Buckling Of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members Having Initially Curved Compression Elements, William M. Mckinney

Masters Theses

"A comprehensive investigation of the effect of initial deviation from flatness on buckling stress and post-buckling strength of compression elements in structural plate members is presented. The study of stiffened and unstiffened elements expands the scope of elastic stability for initially curved plates. Finite element techniques were utilized for the study of unstiffened elements"--Abstract, page ii.

A Planning Study On The Electrical Load Requirement For The New Town Of Pattonsburg, Javad Yousefian

Masters Theses

"Because of an Army Corps of Engineer proposed new dam on the Grand River 1 the original town of Pattonsburg, Missouri was to be inundated by the resulting lake reservoir formed above the dam. The city planners proposed the relocation of the town site adjacent to the new lake, forming a lake side community attractive to both a residential population and for industrial locations.

The electrical power loads of New Pattonsburg's residential, industrial, commercial, and municipal areas, as well as its street lighting power requirements, were planned for a population of 50,000. Statistical analysis of demographic surveys was employed to …

Distribution Of Ambient Particulates And Particulate Trace Metals Around The Amax Smelter, Pramod Maneklal Shah

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this investigation was to study the distribution of metallic particulates in the air surrounding the AMAX Lead Company of Missouri smelter in the "New Lead Belt" of southeast Missouri. The study included the evaluation of the temporal and spatial variation of dustfall and deposition rates of settleable particulate lead, zinc, copper, and cadmium, and transport and distribution of total suspended particulates and suspended particulate trace metals.

The study was conducted within a 3 x 3-mile grid around the smelter employing twenty dustfall stations and five HiVolurne samplers. The samples collected were analyzed for lead, zinc, copper and …

Laboratory Evaluation Of Dynamic Soil Properties By Ultrasonic Testing Methods, Ronald Maurice Eckelkamp

Masters Theses

"Measurement of ultrasonic compression and shear wave velocities through a soil material has been made with a pulse wave generator developed at the University of Missouri-Rolla. The variation of these velocities along with the behavior of the dynamic material parameters of the material (Young's modulus, shear modulus, Poisson's ratio) with void ratio and degree of saturation were determined. Compression wave velocity, shear wave velocity, Young's modulus and shear modulus were found to decrease with increasing void ratio; degree of saturation was of little influence. Wave attenuation could not be measured by the test procedure used"--Abstract, page ii.

The Study Of Sulfur Dioxide Distribution Surrounding A Lead Smelting Industry In The New Lead Belt Of Southeastern Missouri, Jeng-Sheng Hwang

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this investigation was to study the magnitude and distribution of sulfur dioxide in the air surrounding the smelter of Missouri Lead Operating Company (now AMAX Lead Company of Missouri) in southeast Missouri, and evaluate the inter-relationships between sulfur dioxide incidents, meteorological factors, and plant operations.

Field research was conducted employing two weather stations and three sulfur dioxide monitoring stations. The data obtained from strip charts at each station were recorded and analyzed manually as well as by UMR computer facilities. From the studies conducted, it was found that the annual predominant winds occurred from S and SE …

A Study Of The Splash-Plate Tower Concept, A Biological Wastewater Treatment Process, Robert Joseph Millman

Masters Theses

"Different modifications and newer methods of treatment which utilize the basic trickling filter concepts, such as the Bio-Disc process, have been developed to increase the efficiency of wastewater treatment. The purpose of this investigation was to develop and evaluate a newer such method called the splash plate concept.

The splash-plate concept utilizes a series of circular plates mounted horizontally on a vertical axis. This allows the wastewater being treated to travel over one plate to the edge and splash down to the next lower plate and so on throughout the tower. A total of four units were operated at different …

Pollution Abatement Of Mining Effluents In The New Lead Belt Of Missouri, Walter Armando Escalera

Masters Theses

"The mining and milling effluents from the Buick Mine of the AMAX Lead Company of Missouri have produced undesirable algal growths in Strother Creek below their tailings pond. A field and laboratory study was performed to determine the characteristics of the mining and milling wastewaters, and to study the effects of heavy metals and nutrients on algal growths. Laboratory studies included: Physico-chemical analysis of the wastewater; determination of heavy metal concentrations; algal growth studies in an experimental model; and microscopic examinations of the algal growths. Field work comprised: A study of the mining and milling operations; in-plant investigations of the …

Marshall Properties Of Asphaltic Concrete Containing Glass-Rich Fractions, James Joseph Schneider

Masters Theses

"The use of crushed waste glass as an aggregate in asphaltic concrete has been suggested as a means for re-using glass separated from municipal refuse. Laboratory studies and field installations have generally utilized clean glass obtained by hand sorting bottles from the other refuse and crushing them to produce a desired gradation. For this type of asphalt to be economical though, the glass fraction must be separated mechanically. For mechanically separated materials, the glass-rich fraction also contains such items as metal, bone, rubber and other non-glass materials.

The objective of the study was to determine the effects upon Marshall properties …

A Survey Of Missouri's Water Resources Involvement, Frank R. Ellis Ii

Masters Theses

"A survey of the procedures for development of water resources in the State of Missouri reveals shortcomings in many areas. Recommended improvements include: 1) revising and publishing a statewide water plan, 2) improving methods of project evaluation and priority establishment, 3) expanding methods of citizen involvement, and 4) reorganization of state agencies and legal authority. The paper examines the history of water resource involvement by the State of Missouri, and current jurisdiction of state agencies, including procedures for review of environmental impact statements"--Abstract, page iv.

A Comparison Of Three Urban Hydrology Models, Richard F. Astrack

Masters Theses

"Three models, the British Road Research Laboratory Hydrograph Method, the Hydrocomp Simulation Program, and the HEC-1 Flood Hydrograph Package, are applied to the Boneyard Creek basin. Comparing the ability of these models to reproduce the observed peak discharge, time of the peak, and the first runoff volume determines the accuracy of these models"--Abstract, page iii.

A Highway Rest Area Design Based On A Use Study In Outstate Missouri, Dimitris Peter Perandakos

Masters Theses

"The limited number of rest areas in the State of Missouri does create a major problem for the motorist travelling in this state.

The author became more aware of this problem from personal experience and decided to investigate it. For that he interviewed over one thousand motorists on the only rest area that is located on 1-44, near the city of Stanton. He also took traffic counts to determine the average daily traffic volumes of Highway 1-44 and of the rest area stated above.

The data collected from the above steps was used for the design of a new rest …

A Study Of The Ability Of Water Treatment To Remove Trace Organics, Daniel Lee Oliver

Masters Theses

"The purpose of this investigation was to study the ability of water treatment processes, especially coagulation and chlorination, to remove trace organic materials from raw river water. Trace organic concentrations were determined using the Organics-Carbon Adsorbable (O-CA) technique, a miniaturized Carbon Adsorption Method (CAM).

Missouri River raw and treated water, obtained on 3 different dates at the Jefferson City, MO, water treatment plant, was used. The effect of various treatment steps, including settling, softening with lime, coagulating with copperas or alum over a range of doses, and chlorinating at the dose necessary to give a free residual of 2 mg/1 …

Driver-Vehicle-Roadway Interaction Model, Mark E. Jaeger

Masters Theses

"A non-trivial simulation model has been developed which combines driver and vehicle dynamics with the roadway into one system. The model was successfully simulated on a portion of an existing roadway with the dynamic response and performance of the simulator being subjectively realistic. By implementing the idea of the interaction of variables, a much more detailed and representative response is obtained as compared to previous models based solely upon a single-factor-effect approach. By analyzing a simulated vehicle's velocity and trajectory, it is felt that an increase in driver "look ahead" distance or a decrease in vehicle velocity tends to improve …

The Evaluation Of An Activated Sludge Process At Elevated Temperatures, Peter J. Dawson

Masters Theses

"The feasibility of utilizing the thermal energy from an electric power plant to operate an activated sludge process at elevated temperatures (above 40°C) was assessed.

The practicality of using this heat was determined from a heat transfer analysis and the operation of the activated sludge process was evaluated from laboratory studies of a batch process treating domestic and synthetic sewage.

The tank size for a thermophilic activated sludge chamber could be reduced by 40 to 50% as compared to ambient temperatures. For thermophilic processes a temperature of 55°C is recommended because the transition phase between mesophiles and thermophiles is around …