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Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons™
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Articles 391 - 420 of 1127
Full-Text Articles in Civil and Environmental Engineering
Improved Strategies For Deploying Vehicle-Actuated Control At Isolated Signalized Intersections, Michael J. Cassidy, Yu-Hao Chuang, Jeffrey Dunn Vitale
Improved Strategies For Deploying Vehicle-Actuated Control At Isolated Signalized Intersections, Michael J. Cassidy, Yu-Hao Chuang, Jeffrey Dunn Vitale
JTRP Technical Reports
This research has sought to demonstrate potential benefits from deploying enhanced vehicle actuation strategies at isolated signalized intersections. The work has exploited microscopic, stochastic simulation to evaluate impacts of enhanced vehicle-actuated (VA) control schemes for an array of operating conditions. Simulated outcomes (i.e. average vehicle delays) generated under the enhanced strategies were compared with outcomes resulting from more “conventional VA control policies. Findings from this work suggest that substantial delay reduction generally occurs by exploiting VA strategies which seek to 1) facilitate the use of the clearance interval by discharging vehicles, 2) shorten the duration of the required clearance interval …
New Treatment Combinations For Control Of Brush And Vegetation Management Along Indiana Roadsides, D. James Morré
New Treatment Combinations For Control Of Brush And Vegetation Management Along Indiana Roadsides, D. James Morré
JTRP Technical Reports
This report represents results from a project for research to develop and implement new treatment mixtures for control of problem brush, trees and other woody species and herbicide-resistant weeds along Indiana roadsides. An environmentally safe mixture of trichlopyr (Galon Herbicide) and ammonium nitrate for one application control of deciduous roadside vegetation was developed. Also discovered and developed was a new, environmentally safe and effective TR series of additives that enhance the action of the auxin herbicides (trichlopyr, 2,4-D, picloram) for inclusion in both the brush control mixtures and control of milkweed, Canada thistle, bindweed, ground cherry and other perennial, herbicide-resistant …
A Decision Support System For Real-Time Snow And Ice Control, Hjalmar James Miedema, J. R. Wright
A Decision Support System For Real-Time Snow And Ice Control, Hjalmar James Miedema, J. R. Wright
JTRP Technical Reports
Effective real-time snow and ice control operations require a timely initial call-out. A timely initial call-out is one that mobilizes the workforce slightly prior to the onset of hazardous road conditions. In order to estimate the onset of hazardous road conditions, the snow and ice control decision makers use available physical and meteorological information. New technologies are developed that could provide better information, thereby improving the ability to make timely initial call-outs. A systematic methodology for evaluating the benefit of additional information used in snow and ice control initiation is presented. The purposed methodology compares reduction in the direct and …
Predicting Traffic Impacts At Two-Lane Highway Work Zones, Michael J. Cassidy, Youngtae Son
Predicting Traffic Impacts At Two-Lane Highway Work Zones, Michael J. Cassidy, Youngtae Son
JTRP Technical Reports
Maintenance or reconstruction activity on a two-lane highway often requires a lane closure. The implementation of “one-way traffic control,” required to maintain traffic flow throughout the work zone, typically produces significant motorist delay. This report describes the adaptation and application of queuing models, originally derived for intersections controlled by vehicle-actuated traffic signals, to estimate delay at two-lane highway work zones. The models estimate expected delay as a function of directional traffic demand rates, work zone physical length and observed traffic measures. Validation efforts using simulation suggest that the models accurately predict the impacts of two-lane highway lane closures.
Use Of Time Domain Reflectometry For Determination Of Water Content An Density Of Soil, Shafiqul I. Siddiqui, Vincent P. Drnevich
Use Of Time Domain Reflectometry For Determination Of Water Content An Density Of Soil, Shafiqul I. Siddiqui, Vincent P. Drnevich
JTRP Technical Reports
A new method is developed for measuring in-place density and moisture content of soil using the technique of Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR). The method is applicable for construction control of earthworks. The method is extended for measuring moisture content of soil in the laboratory and in the field for various other geotechnical purposes. Laboratory uses include measuring moisture content of soil in compaction molds; field uses include measuring moisture content of soil in Shelby tubes and soil retrieved during drilling and sampling operations. In the course of achieving these goals, this study develops the principles of TDR probe design, test …
Effects Of Salt And Trace Minerals For Bituminous Pavement Literature Review, Information Gathering, And Research Plan Development, Robert Allan Pittenger, Terry R. West
Effects Of Salt And Trace Minerals For Bituminous Pavement Literature Review, Information Gathering, And Research Plan Development, Robert Allan Pittenger, Terry R. West
JTRP Technical Reports
A review of current literature on the effects of deicing salt and trace minerals, such as sulfate, on aggregate deterioration was conducted. Such deterioration in both Portland cement concrete, and bituminous pavements was reviewed. For Portland cement concrete, it was determined that current research on the effects of moisture and deicing salt on aggregates concrete matrix durability, with little discussion on the effects on aggregates. The effects of trace minerals in deicing salt are also rarely discussed. Pore size distribution, insoluble residue, absorption, and susceptibility to alkali-silica reaction all appear to affect aggregate durability in the presence of moisture of …
Stay-In Place Deck Panels - Part 1, Ariel Goldman, Menashi D. Cohen, J. A. Ramirez
Stay-In Place Deck Panels - Part 1, Ariel Goldman, Menashi D. Cohen, J. A. Ramirez
JTRP Technical Reports
The objective of this study was the evaluation of frost resistance of concrete bridge decks with stay-in-place galvanized steel deck forms. The evaluation included specific aspects related to the potential for D-cracking in concrete bridge decks with these forms. The experimental program has been set up so that the real parameters of the bridge deck overlays and the environmental conditions could have been modeled. The program included freezing-and-thawing testing of large concrete slab specimens (22 ¼” x 17 ¼” x 5 ¼”) situated in a computer-controlled environmental chamber and of small specimens (3” x 4” x 12”) immersed in water …
Development Of A Highway Safety Management System For Indiana: Phase 1, Omar Farooq, Kumares C. Sinha, John Nagle, Dwayne Stanley James, Yi Jiang
Development Of A Highway Safety Management System For Indiana: Phase 1, Omar Farooq, Kumares C. Sinha, John Nagle, Dwayne Stanley James, Yi Jiang
JTRP Technical Reports
This report presents the work plan for the development of a highway safety management system for Indiana. It identifies major activities and responsibilities for the development and implementation of a formal, statewide, interactive safety decision-making process. The safety management system of Indiana is perceived as a continuous process of considering all opportunities to improve highway safety in all phases of highway planning, design, construction, maintenance and operation. The primary emphasis is on coordination of activities at various levels and on the development of a common information data base that can be used for selecting and implementing effective highway safety strategies …
Institutional Issues Related To The Application Of Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems Technologies To Commercial Vehicle Operations In Indiana, James G. Kavalaris, Kumares C. Sinha
Institutional Issues Related To The Application Of Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems Technologies To Commercial Vehicle Operations In Indiana, James G. Kavalaris, Kumares C. Sinha
JTRP Technical Reports
The study focused on potential barriers and opportunities to implementing Intelligent Vehicle-Highway System (IVHS) technologies to Commercial Vehicle Operations (CVO) in Indiana. Specific concepts included: (1) Automatic payment of tolls while driving at mainline speeds; (2) Pre-Clearance of vehicles and drivers past weigh stations; (3) "One-Stop-Shopping" for licenses, registrations, and permits; and (4) Transparent state borders. The study reviewed existing laws and policies applying to commercial vehicles operating in Indiana; prepared an inventory of the agencies responsible, their existing procedures, their physical facilities, and their human resources used to implement these regulations; itemized present impediments preventing the implementation of IVHS-CVO …
Development Of A Strategy For Compliance With Epa And Osha Regulation Application To Indot Facilities, Lynn A. Corson
Development Of A Strategy For Compliance With Epa And Osha Regulation Application To Indot Facilities, Lynn A. Corson
JTRP Technical Reports
Between March 1990 and November 1992, a sample of 27 field and support facilities operated by the Indiana Department of Transportation were visited by staff of the Environmental Management and education Program, School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, for the purpose of conducting workplace assessments to ascertain the department’s compliance with federal and state environmental and worker protection regulations. Thirty-eight different department operations and nine different employee functions were observed and analyzed. There were compliance areas at every facility visited which needed strengthening. A total of 222 recommendations for strengthening those areas are included in the research report. The department …
Multimedia Application Synthesis Study, Bob G. Mccullouch
Multimedia Application Synthesis Study, Bob G. Mccullouch
JTRP Technical Reports
Multimedia with its ability to involve various human faculties through the use of various media forms, provides a robust environment in which to learn in. Retention improves significantly when media exercises these various human faculties. Studies indicate that students complete training in one-third the time of the traditional instruction method while reaching up to 50 percent higher competency levels. Utilizing this technology can provide improved training tools and learning environments for the Department. Because of the many potential applications, technical and nontechnical, that may exist within the Department for utilizing this technology; a study was performed to answer questions about …
Reviewer's Guide For Traffic Impact Studies, Soumya Sekhar Dey, Jon D. Fricker
Reviewer's Guide For Traffic Impact Studies, Soumya Sekhar Dey, Jon D. Fricker
JTRP Technical Reports
No abstract provided.
Estimating Statewide Vehicle Miles Traveled In Indiana : Draft Final Report, Robert Kwasi Kumapley, Jon D. Fricker
Estimating Statewide Vehicle Miles Traveled In Indiana : Draft Final Report, Robert Kwasi Kumapley, Jon D. Fricker
JTRP Technical Reports
Two cross classification models have been developed in this study for use in the estimation of statewide VMT in Indiana. This is to provide INDOT with an independent source of improved statewide VMT estimates based on driver behavior to supplement the estimates obtained from the traffic count based HPMS method. The models are calibrated to produce VMT estimates for all functional classes in the state network, including combined statewide VMT estimates for functional classes that are not part of the state highway system. The results obtained in the model evaluation process indicate that the models are well calibrated. Model-generated VMT …
An Evaluation Of The Strategic Highway Research Project Packing Handbook, Kenneth P. Cox, Charles F. Scholer, Menashi D. Cohen
An Evaluation Of The Strategic Highway Research Project Packing Handbook, Kenneth P. Cox, Charles F. Scholer, Menashi D. Cohen
JTRP Technical Reports
The objective of this research is to evaluate the use of the November 8, 1991 SHRP C-206 report entitled, “Packing Handbook – A Guide to the Optimal Gradation of Concrete Aggregates”. The purpose of the Packing Handbook is to determine the optimal combination of fine and coarse aggregates for concrete from available aggregate sources. Through the use of tables provided in the Packing Handbook, and given sources with known aggregate gradations and void contents, the relative proportion of each aggregate (coarse and fine) is obtained. Concretes made using the Packing Handbook recommendations of aggregate proportioning were compared to concretes used …
Guidelines For Permitting Overloads, Part 2: Statistical Analysis Of Overload Vehicle Effects On Indiana Highway Bridges, Donald W. White, J. A. Ramirez, N Prasad, Thomas Kuczek
Guidelines For Permitting Overloads, Part 2: Statistical Analysis Of Overload Vehicle Effects On Indiana Highway Bridges, Donald W. White, J. A. Ramirez, N Prasad, Thomas Kuczek
JTRP Technical Reports
This report summarizes an analytical investigation carried out to develop a set of guidelines for regulation of overload vehicles in Indiana. A formula based first phase evaluation of overload permit requests is developed through statistical study of the rating of a representative sample of the highway bridges in Indiana using a representative sample of overload vehicles observed in the state in 1990 and 1991 plus the HS 20 design vehicle and the two Indiana Toll Road loadings. A sample of 148 bridges is chosen from a total population of 3700 Indiana highway bridges using a proportionate stratified random sampling process. …
Guidelines For Permitting Overloads; Part 1: Effect Of Overloaded Vehicles On The Indiana Highway Network, Sameh Mohamed Zaghloul, Thomas D. White
Guidelines For Permitting Overloads; Part 1: Effect Of Overloaded Vehicles On The Indiana Highway Network, Sameh Mohamed Zaghloul, Thomas D. White
JTRP Technical Reports
Closed form analysis is commonly used to analyze pavement structures. This type of analysis assumes linear elastic material properties and static loading conditions. In reality, pavement materials are not linear elastic materials. For example, asphalt mixtures are viscoelastic materials and cohesive soils are elastic-plastic materials. Also truck loads are moving loads. The difference between the closed form analysis assumptions and the actual pavement conditions leads to significant differences between measured and predicted pavement response. A study has been conducted at Purdue University to develop a procedure for permitting overloaded trucks in Indiana. This study was funded by the Indiana Department …
Implementation Of The Developed Quality Acceptance System For Steel Bridge Painting Construction, Luh M. Chang, Machine Hsie
Implementation Of The Developed Quality Acceptance System For Steel Bridge Painting Construction, Luh M. Chang, Machine Hsie
JTRP Technical Reports
The purpose of this research is to implement the steel bridge painting quality acceptance system developed in the Joint Highway Research Project HPR-2029-89-27 and to computerize the developed system into inspectors’ daily practice. A training program was conducted. Field experiment of the developed inspection system was initiated immediately right after the inspector training program. The new acceptance system was manually tested. Feedback from INDOT’s inspectors and other personnel were adopted to refine the inspection system. Meanwhile, an interactive computer graphic program was developed to assist the INDOT in designing the double sampling plan and deciding the sample size with controlled …
The Computer Aided System For Planning Efficient Routes, J. R. Wright
The Computer Aided System For Planning Efficient Routes, J. R. Wright
JTRP Technical Reports
The Indiana Department of Transportation has sponsored the design and implementation of a decision support system for routing highway maintenance vehicles – the Computer Aided System for Planning Efficient Routes (CASPER). Designed for solving multiobjective route design problems, CASPER has been used by agency personnel to design routes for winter maintenance vehicles with significant results: cost savings of more than $9-million to the State of Indiana through more efficient use of materials, equipment, and personnel, while at the same time significant improvement in overall level of network and public service. CASPER integrates 1: an extensive spatial network database (GIS/CAD), 2) …
The Development Of A Prototype Congestion Management System For The State Of Indiana: Phase 1, Nishantha R. Gunawardena, Kumares C. Sinha
The Development Of A Prototype Congestion Management System For The State Of Indiana: Phase 1, Nishantha R. Gunawardena, Kumares C. Sinha
JTRP Technical Reports
This study details a comprehensive set of guidelines and a work-plan that consists of nine elements that need to be developed in implementing a congesion management system. A procedure has been developed by means of which congestion on roadway links can be identified at a macroscopic level using daily volume counts (ADT) after which, links that are identified as being congested will be subjected to a more detailed microscopic study using hourly volume counts to determine extent, duration and severity of congestion.
Use Of Waste Foundry Sand In Highway Construction : Final Report, Sayeed Javed
Use Of Waste Foundry Sand In Highway Construction : Final Report, Sayeed Javed
JTRP Technical Reports
The promulgation of environmental regulations, both at the federal and state level, have resulted in increased control over both the hazardous and nonhazardous wastes generated in the foundry industry. The increased regulation action has in many cases resulted in foundry wastes being disposed in highly engineered and often times costly land disposal facilities. Beneficial reuse represents an alternative to disposal and the associated problems of diminished landfill capacity and increased tipping fees. This study contains: synthesis of all available information and laboratory results for different beneficial uses of waste foundry sand. Among the different beneficial uses, waste foundry sand as …
The Components And Benefits Of An Advanced Surface Arterial Traffic Management System, Ted M. Andrews, Kumares C. Sinha
The Components And Benefits Of An Advanced Surface Arterial Traffic Management System, Ted M. Andrews, Kumares C. Sinha
JTRP Technical Reports
Traffic congestion has become an increasing problem on major surface arterial roadways. Demand for accessibility to adjacent land uses yields increased vehicular turning movement activity at driveways and intersections. As turning and cross-road traffic volumes increase, the need for traffic signalization will eventually be warranted. When numerous, independently operating traffic signals are present on a given arterial roadway, adverse effects can result. First, continous movement along the arterials at a desirable speed may not be assured. Second, vehicular delay will increase because of the slower operating speeds and increased number of stops. Third, safety can be threatened as poor traffic …
Subgrade Resilient Modulus For Pavement Design And Evaluation : Implementation Report, Woojin Lee, Nihal Chand Bohra, A. G. Altschaeffl, Thomas D. White
Subgrade Resilient Modulus For Pavement Design And Evaluation : Implementation Report, Woojin Lee, Nihal Chand Bohra, A. G. Altschaeffl, Thomas D. White
JTRP Technical Reports
No abstract provided.
An Indot Lessons Learned Constructability Program And Integrated Multimedia System, Bob G. Mccullouch, Robert Michael Patty
An Indot Lessons Learned Constructability Program And Integrated Multimedia System, Bob G. Mccullouch, Robert Michael Patty
JTRP Technical Reports
To improve constructability, experienced design and construction engineers often select processes and develop details that require less labor, equipment, or management resources to build. These innovative ideas, enabling circumstances, and their effect on the construction process are not usually recorded in a reusable format. Without such a mechanism, recalling this experience under the appropriate circumstances, or transferring the technology to new management has generally not happened. Further, civil engineers are generally educated to optimize cost by minimizing the material quantity. Through experience gained after graduation, they are expected to pick up options for engineering impact on the labor, equipment, and …
Pavement Drainage And Pavement Shoulder Joint Evaluation Numerical Analysis Of Infiltration And Drainage In Pavement Systems, Reynaldo David. Espinoza, Philippe L. Bourdeau, Thomas D. White
Pavement Drainage And Pavement Shoulder Joint Evaluation Numerical Analysis Of Infiltration And Drainage In Pavement Systems, Reynaldo David. Espinoza, Philippe L. Bourdeau, Thomas D. White
JTRP Technical Reports
The continuing loss of pavement performance observed in the U.S. transportation infrastructure system raises the issue of the subdrainage design. Experience with the Indiana highways indicates that the lack of adequa the sub-drainage is probably a major cause of pavement distress. In order to provide highway engineers with a methodology to analyze the water migration and drainage into pavement systems a new numerical model has been developed. The numerical scheme is a finite difference formulation of the equations of water flow in unsaturated porous media. The resulting system of equations used is nonlinear and state-of-the-art numerical techniques have been used …
Applicant's Guide To Traffic Impact Studies, Soumya Sekhar Dey, Jon D. Fricker
Applicant's Guide To Traffic Impact Studies, Soumya Sekhar Dey, Jon D. Fricker
JTRP Technical Reports
No abstract provided.
Laboratory Study On Properties Of Rubber-Soils, Imtiaz Ahmed
Laboratory Study On Properties Of Rubber-Soils, Imtiaz Ahmed
JTRP Technical Reports
The waste tire problem in the United States is of great magnitude and has far reaching environmental and economic implications. This study investigates the feasibility of using tire chips, alone and mixed with soils, as lightweight material in highway embankments . The report contains: synthesis of all available information and results from laboratory testing of tire chips, rubber-Ottawa sand, and rubber-Crosby till. It is found that rubber-sand with chip/mix ratios of 33% or less exhibits excellent engineering properties: easy to compact; low dry density; low compressibility; high strength; and excellent drainage characteristics. On the whole, the rubber-Crosby till mixes do …
Pavement Drainage And Pavement-Shoulder Joint Evaluation And Rehabilitation, Zubair Ahmed, Thomas D. White, Philippe L. Bourdeau
Pavement Drainage And Pavement-Shoulder Joint Evaluation And Rehabilitation, Zubair Ahmed, Thomas D. White, Philippe L. Bourdeau
JTRP Technical Reports
The objectives of this research were i) to evaluate the performance of pavement subdrainage systems ii) study the behavior of moisture conditions below pavements and iii) provide recommendations for unproved drainage criteria based on analysis of field data. Existing and retrofitted subdrainage collector systems were inspected through external visual inspection in combination with a probe for internal inspection. Distresses and deficiencies in construction observed were listed and compiled on video. A methodology for inspection is presented that can be used by highway agencies in monitoring the condition, need for maintenance, and performance of collector systems. Pavements with various types of …
Embankment Widening And Grade Raising On Soft Foundation Soils, Phase 2, Scott Ludlow, Wai-Fah Chen, Philippe L. Bourdeau, C. W. Lovell
Embankment Widening And Grade Raising On Soft Foundation Soils, Phase 2, Scott Ludlow, Wai-Fah Chen, Philippe L. Bourdeau, C. W. Lovell
JTRP Technical Reports
No abstract provided.
Subgrade Resilient Modulus For Pavement Design And Evaluation, Woojin Lee, Nihal Chand Bohra, A. G. Altschaeffl, Thomas D. White
Subgrade Resilient Modulus For Pavement Design And Evaluation, Woojin Lee, Nihal Chand Bohra, A. G. Altschaeffl, Thomas D. White
JTRP Technical Reports
No abstract provided.
Debonding In Pretensioned Beams-Precast Strands, Part 2: Simply Supported Tests, O. A. Abdalla, J. A. Ramirez, Robert H. Lee
Debonding In Pretensioned Beams-Precast Strands, Part 2: Simply Supported Tests, O. A. Abdalla, J. A. Ramirez, Robert H. Lee
JTRP Technical Reports
No abstract provided.