Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons^™

Process Studies And Modeling Of Self-Cleaning Capacity Of Mountain Creeks For Recreation Planning And Management, Cheng-Lung Chen, Keith D. Davis

Reports

Reaeration process studies were conducted on a mountain creek and a large laboratory flume. The method of evaluating the dispersion coefficient, mean velocity, and reaeration coefficient for both creek and flume consisted of finding these values for a deoxygenated portion of the flow containing a conservative tracer (dye). The deoxygenated slug is measured as it moved downstream and the three values are best fit in the analytical solution of the longitudinal dispersion equation which dynamically describes the flow of the dispersing slug in the stream. The best fit was accomplished by using the method of least squares of the differences …

Urban Storm Runoff Inlet Hydrograph Study Volume 1: Computer Analysis Of Runoff From Urban Highway Watersheds Under Time- And Space-Varying Rainstorms, Chen-Lung Chen

Reports

The main objective of this study is to develop an accurate design method for computing inlet hydrographs of surface runoff, with average recurrence intervals of 10, 25, and 50 years, from typical urban highway by flood routing technique. The most comprehensive mathematical model based on the method of characteristics was developed for computing the runoff inlet hydrograph. All flood routing methods were extensively reviewed and the most efficient and accurate technique was adopted for the formulation of a numerical (computer) model including all the rainfall-runoff processes on a highway watershed. Accuracy of the computer model was then examined by comparing …

Urban Storm Runoff Inlet Hydrograph Study Volume 2; Laboratory Studies Of The Resistance Coefficient For Sheet Flow Over Natural Turf Surfaces, Cheng-Lung Chen

Reports

The main objective of this study is to develop an accurate design method for computing inlet hydrogaphs of surface runoff, with average recurrence intervals of 10, 25, and 50 years, from typical urban highway by flood routing technique. Resistance to sheet flows over natural turf surfaces is experimentally investigated. The formuation of a functional relationship between the resistence coefficient and controlling parameters for shallow flows over various turf surfaces is essential to the mathematical modeling of surface runoff from urban highway sideslopes covered with different species of turf. An analysis of results obtained from laboratory experiments from laminar flow on …

Urban Storm Runoff Inlet Hydrograph Study Volume 4; Synthetic Storms For Design Of Urban Highway Drainage Facilities., Cheng-Lung Chen

Reports

The main objective of this study is to develop an accurate design method for computing inlet hydrographs of surface runoff, with average recurrence intervals of 10, 25, and 50 years, from typical urban highway by flood routing technique. Knowledge of the time distribution of rainfall in heavy storms constitutes a basis for the design of an urban storm sewer system. A unified time-coordinate system and the rainfall intensity-duration-frequency relationships are used to develop the generalized synthetic (design) hyetograph equations for all types of storms. The hyetograph equations are further normalized for identifying the dimensionless parameters that play predominant roles in …

Urban Storm Runoff Inlet Hydrograph Study, Volume 5, Soil-Cover-Moisture Complex: Analysis Of Parametric Infiltration Models For Highway Sideslopes, Cheng-Lung Chen

Reports

The main objective of this study is to develop an accurate design method for computing inlet hydrographs of surface runoff, with average recurrence intervals of 10, 25, and 50 years, from typical urban highway by flood routing technique. The boundary-value problem of one-dimensional infiltration resulting from rainfall is formulated and solved numerically on a digital computer. The numerical solutions of this idealized mathematical model is used as a basic testing tool in the subsequent analysis of various parametric infiltration models including the Green-Ampt, Kostiakov, Philip, Horton, and Holtan equations. The time of ponding is shown to be the most important …

An Application Of The Utah State University Watershed Simulation Model To The Entiat Experimental Watershed, Washington State, David S. Bowles, J. Paul Riley, George B. Shih

Reports

To study the effects of a forest fire on runoff characteristics, the Utah State University Watershed Simulation Model (USUWSM) has been applied to three small drainage areas in the Entiat Experimental Watershed which is located within the Wenatchee National Forest of central Washington. Each component of the USUWSM has been described in the report, including structural changes to the model that were necessary to achieve reasonable agreement between observed and simulated runoff hydrographs. Lack of information on the spatial distribution and precipitation due to the absence of an adequate precipitation gaging network on or close to the study area was …

Optimization Of Water Allocation, Wastewater Treatment, And Reuse Considering Nonlinear Costs, Seasonal Variations, And Stochastic Supplies, A. Bruce Bishop, Rangesan Narayanan, Suravuth Pratishthananda, Stanley L. Klemetson, William J. Grenney

Reports

Two significant, interrelated water resources problems are: (1) efficiently salvaging and reusing effluent water in order to augment limited water supplies; and (2) economically managing and treating wastewater to meet water quality standards. Using systems engineering and operations research techniques, the report focuses on the optimal management and use of water of impaired quality in a water resources system, including utilization or irrigation return flows and other poor quality water, water quantity and quality management systems, and wastewater reclamation opportunities. The study develops a mathematical programming transportation or transshipment model formulated for the Lower Jordan River Basin in Utah. The …

Naturally Occurring Organic Compounds And Algal Growth In A Eutrophic Lake, V. Dean Adams, Russell R. Renk, Peter A. Cowan, Donald B. Porcella

Reports

No abstract provided.

Watershed Management On Range And Forest Lands Proceedings Of The Fifth Workshop Of The United States/Australia Rangelands Panel, R. J. Mcconnen, B. S. Sadler, Colin L. Pierrehumbert, Kenneth G. Renard, Donald L. Brakensiek, Alden R. Hibbert, T. Talsma, C. W. Rose, Ronald E. Sosebee, Richard Meeuwig, Paul Packer, Walter C. Boughton, J. Paul Riley, Richard H. Hawkins

Reports

Preface: The U.S.-Australia Cooperative Rangeland Science Program In October 1968 the governments of the United States and Australia entered into an agreement for the purpose of facilitating close cooperative activities between the scientific communities of the two countries. The joint communique issued at that time designated the U.S. National Science Foundation and the Australian Commonwealth Department of Education and Science as the coordinating agencies. Both countries were to encourage binational teamwork in research, interchanges of scientists, joint seminars, and exchanges of information. A United States-Australia Rangeland Panel was established in December 1969 to further cooperation between the two countries in …

Impacts Of Energy Development On Utah Water Resources, Barry C. Saunders

Reports

Introduction: Choosing a theme for a conference especially one for a group of diverse disciplines such as the American Water Resources Association encompasses, is always a challenge. you find yourself torn between thigns you'd really like to talk and hear about, and topics you think will draw attendance. It was most fortunate when somebody came up with the idea of Water for Energy, becasue to my way of thinking, it met both of these ends. There is no denying that starting in late 1973, energy has been the catchword, and the energy crisis has been the bandwagon to leap upon. …

Colorado River Regional Assessment Study Part Three: Area-Specific Water Quality Analysis And Environmental Assessment, Utah Water Research Laboratory

Reports

The Colorado River Bain contains the most diverse environment setting of any American river. High mountainous elevations (>14,000 feet) are ultimately succeeded by sea level plains and low valleys. Geological structures and formations include deep, intricately carved river canyons, high mountain slopes, large saline shale structures, and long verdant irrigated river valleys. Fir forests are succeeded by arid rangelands. The river produces the lowest outflow per unit area (60 acre feet per square mile) of any river basin in the United States. It contains the largest number of unique and endangered species in the United States. Finally, it is …

A Technique For Predicting The Aquatic Ecosystem Response To Weather Modification, Eugene K. Israelsen, David R. Bernard, Thomas M. Twedt, Henry M. Runke

Reports

In the past, considerable effort has been spent on the development of techniques for increasing precipitation from a given cloud formation. However, little attention has been given to identifying and evaluating the impacts of cloud seeing activities on the aquatic ecosystems within the affected areas. The objective of this study was to apply the simulation technique to predict the impacts of cloud seeing on the aquatic ecosystem within the area subject to weather modification. A small mountain watershed near Logan, Utah, was selected for the study. Measurements were made of the significant parameter levels under current conditions. A hydrologic and …

Multiple Uses Of Utah Irrigation Canals: Cache County As A Case Study, James J. Kennedy, Komain Unhanand

Reports

Irrigation use is an obvious benefit of Utah canals that has been recognized for over 100 years. This study attempts to illustrate other, less obvious, uses. the major use examined was recreational, but canals are presently functioning as storm drainage systems and have potential for diverting flood crests in many river systems.

Recreational use of canals falls into two categories. There is passive use such as its landscape values, affects on creating shade and bird-wildlife habitat, etc., that is difficult to quantify but no less important than active canal use such as tubing, hiking, bank-play, bicycling, etc. We selected several …

Development And Preliminary Application Of Mathematical Models To The Weber Basin, W. J. Grenney, D. S. Bowles, M. D. Chambers, J. P. Riley

Reports

The adoption of stream standards, whether for direct application or for the establishment of realistic effluent standards, creates a need to predict the impact of pollution loads on river water quality during critical flow periods or as the result of future user demands. Because of the complexity of aquatic systems, mathematical models are an excellent medium for bringing together the state-of-the-art knowledge from a variety of disciplines into a form which can be readily applied to practical problems. Applying a mathematical model to a river system has the added advantage of providing a structure for the systematic consideration of the …

Water Salvage Potentials In Utah, Volume I. Open Water Evaporation And Monolayer Suppression Potential, Trevor C. Hughes, E. Arlo Richardson, James A. Franckiewicz

Reports

An estimate of the potential in Utah for evaporation suppression by the monolayer film method is presented. The model estimates evaporation suppression as a function of wind speed, a four parameter exposure factor, and reservoir size. The estimated suppression factors vary from 0 to 30 percent and average 11 percent of the statewide total annual evaporation. Estimates of May to October evaporation and suppression potential are calculated for each of the 227 impoundments in the surface water inventory. A forthcoming report in this series will examine the potential for evaporation suppression by thermal destratification. This procedure, which is already being …

Interactive Hybrid Computer Program As An Aid For Teaching Hydrology, Arif Hikmet Atali

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

The science of water resource planning and management implies the utilization of available water supplies in order to meet specific goals and objectives (Hill and Riley, 1972). Essential to effective planning and management is the consideration and analysis of all possible alternatives. Past research at Utah State University has demonstrated that the hybrid computer simulation of hydrologic processes is a reliable planning technique which provides the capability to examine many possible alternatives in a short period of time (Hill et al., 1970; Riley, 1970; and Riley et al., 1967). This technique, because of its interactive characteristics, is valuable also in …

Finite Difference Solution For Drainage Of Heterogeneous Sloping Lands, Fahd Salih Natur

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The two-dimensional problem of tile drainage on sloping heterogeneous lands was considered. The land surface and the impermeable boundaries of the problem were of a general shape. The flow in both the saturated and unsaturated zones was considered and the system was treated as one composite system. The problem was solved by a finite difference numerical method using the successive over-relaxation iterative (SOR) method for the steady state case with no local recharge, and a combined Newton inner iteration and successive over- relaxation outer iteration for the transient state case with local recharge. Both the rising water table and the …

Phosphorus Budget Of The Hyrum Reservoir - Little Bear River System, William A. Luce

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Phosphorus concentrations in the water of the Hyrum Reservoir - Little Dear River Watershed were determined by collecting 12 samples every two weeks over a seven month period and analyzing them for dissolved orthophosphate, total dissolved phosphorus, and total unfiltered phosphorus.

The concentrations obtained were used in conjunction with a water budget to determine a phosphorus budget. Apparent major inputs of phosphorus to the reservoir included a trout farm and runoff from agricultural land in the watershed.

Statistical analyses of the data were made to determine what effect precipitation, streamflow, and mileage downstream had on the concentrations of phosphorus in …

An Evaluation Of In-Stream Structures Designed To Provide Fish Habitat, Charles H. Call Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In-stream concrete structures were studied through model tests and river tests. The model studies indicated that four designs provided good habitat in the model stream. These structures were the inverted weir, the "V" structure, the slab with legs and the cylinder. Through the river studies it was determined that these structures did not influence enough of the total river area to be effective in providing good fish habitat. Also an appreciable amount of yearly maintenance would be required to free the structures from silting in, debris, and vandalism. The slab with legs was the only promising structure.

Effects Of Temperature On The Toxicity Of Oil Refinery Waste, Sodium Chlorate, And Treated Sewage To Fathead Minnows, Curt C. Shifrer, E. Joe Middlebrooks, Donald B. Porcella, William F. Sigler

Reports

A literature review and experiments were conducted to determine the effects of temperature on the toxicity of three materials to fish (fathead minnows,

Hydrologic Model Studies Of The Mt. Olympus Cove Area Of Salt Lake County, J. Paul Riley, Vernon J. Rogers, George B. Shih

Reports

Urban development on any natural drainage basin causes marked changes in the runoff characteristics of the basin. Urbanization alters natural drainage channels and reduces average infiltration rates. Thus, flood conditions are enhanced both within the urbanizing area itself and at downstream locations, where existing channels might not be able to cope with the increased rates of water flow. The Olympus Cove area in Salt Lake County is undergoing rapid urban development, and potential flood hazards within the area and at downstream locations are thereby increasing. Recognizing this situation, officials of the Sale Lake County took the initiative in organizing an …

A Continuous Flow Kinetic Model To Predict The Effects Of Temperature On The Toxicity Of Waste To Algae, James H. Reynolds, Joe E. Middlebrooks, Donald B. Porcella, William J. Grenney

Reports

A continuous flow kinetic model to describe and predict the effects of temperature on the toxicity of a specific oil refinery waste to the green alga,

Water Resources Planning, Social Goals, And Indicators: Methodological Development And Empirical Test, Henry P. Caulfield

Reports

A methodology for comprehensive evaluation of water resources development and use (Techcom) has been developed and partially field tested. A model of societal goals consists of nine primary goals successively articualted into increasingly specific subgoals. Achievement of subgoals is perceived as affected by measurable social indicators whose values are perturbed by water resources actions. Linking the elements of the goals taxon by connectives result in an evaluation system. historical, political and philosophical considerations of the proposed system are discussed in Part I. Part II describes the results of the Rio Grande of New Mexico test including public perception and weighting …

An Analysis Of Water Research Programs Of The Utah Water Research Laboratory And Center For Water Resources Research, Water Resources Research Citizen Advisory Panel

Reports

Foreward: As a means of keeping water research programs at Utah State University responsive to needs in terms of both timeliness and emphasis, President Glen L. Taggart, in 1970, requested a number of Utah citizens to serve as a panel to give counsel and advice to the Utah Water Research Laboratory and Center for Water Resources Research. Membership of this 16-member panel represents a broad spectrum of water-related experience gained from a variety of professional backgrounds and organizational affiliations. The objective was to keep the panel small enough for it to be a "working" group but large enough to obtain …

Review Paper: Evaluation Of Techniques For Algae Removal From Wastewater Stabilization Ponds, E. Joe Middlebrooks, Donald B. Porcella, Robert A. Gearheart, Gary R. Marshall, James H. Reynolds, William J. Grenney

Reports

Introduction: Approximately 90 percent of the wastewater lagoons in the United States are located in small communities of 5,000 people or less. These communities, many with an average daily wastewater flow of only 175,000 - 200,000 gallons, do not have the resources to keep man at the lagoon sites throughout the day (38). A high degree of technical knowhow is usually lacking in these communities. Often only periodic inspection or maintenance is carried out by the general municipal work force. Therefore, the development of a relatively inexpensive method that does not require sophisticated and constant operation or extensive maintenance is …

Planning For Water Quality In The Virgin River System In The State Of Utah, Utah Water Research Laboratory

Reports

No abstract provided.

Planning For Water Quality In The Bear River System In The State Of Utah, Utah Water Research Laboratory

Reports

No abstract provided.

Planning For Water Quality In The Sevier River System In The State Of Utah

Reports

No abstract provided.

Intermittent Sand Filtration To Upgrade Existing Wastewater Treatment Facilities, Gary R. Marshall, E. Joe Middlebrooks

Reports

No abstract provided.

Waste Load Allocation For The Bear River Basin As Of October, 1973

Reports

No abstract provided.