Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons^™

The Bridge Newsletter Spring 2020, Missouri University Of Science And Technology

The Bridge Newsletter

-Studying fabrics, materials for facemasks
-New Missouri construction consortium
-Showalter honored by AGC
-New transportation center

Effect Of Subsurface Microseismicity On The Motion Of Surrounding Dispersed Droplets -- Data, Chao Zeng, Wen Deng

Effect of Subsurface Microseismicity on the Motion of Surrounding Dispersed Droplets – Data

Spreadsheet - Data plotted in Figure 4 and Figure 5

Supporting information

Inspire Newsletter Fall 2020, Missouri University Of Science And Technology. Inspire - University Transportation Center

INSPIRE Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Final Report - Microwave Camera For Concrete Delamination And Steel Corrosion Detection, Chao Liu, Mohammad T. Al Qaseer, Reza Zoughi

Project SN-4

This project studied the capability of microwave methods to detect thickness of induced corrosion byproduct on rebars embedded into concrete, and also similarly embedded delamination. Three microwave methods used or investigated included microwave synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging method, microwave resonance method, and microwave nonlinear measurement. Wideband, low-frequency antennas including a double-ridged horn and a Vivaldi antenna were designed for achieving reasonable spatial resolution while being able to penetrate lossy concrete. Simulations and experiments were conducted for all of these investigations. For the rebar samples use, the results showed that the corrosion thickness was very small (~50 m) which seemed …

Final Report - Battery-Free Antenna Sensors For Strain And Crack Monitoring Of Bridge Structures, Yang Wang, Dan Li

Project SN-2

This project studies a wireless patch antenna as a novel strain/crack sensing technique for structural health monitoring (SHM). The strain/crack induced resonance frequency shift of the antenna can be wirelessly detected and utilized to estimate the surface strain and crack propagation. However, temperature fluctuation can generate some unwanted changes in resonance frequency and introduce significant noises in measurement. This project studies a thermally stable patch antenna sensor through both numerical simulations and laboratory experiments. Using a substrate material with a steady dielectric constant, a patch antenna sensor is designed to perform reliably under temperature fluctuations. In addition, a dual-mode patch …

Semi-Annual Progress Report #6, Missouri University Of Science And Technology. Inspire - University Transportation Center

Semi-Annual Progress Reports

No abstract provided.

Final Report - A Training Framework Of Robotic Operation And Image Analysis For Decision-Making In Bridge Inspection And Preservation, Ruwen Qin, Genda Chen, Zhaozheng Yin, Muhammad Monjurul Karim, Tianyi Zhao, Suzanna Long, Sushil J. Louis

Project WD-1

This project aims to create a framework of training engineers and policy makers on robotic operation and image analysis for the inspection and preservation of transportation infrastructure. This framework includes a method for camera-based bridge inspection data collection, algorithms for data processing and pattern recognitions, and tools for inspection and preservation decision-making. Specifically, a Siamese Neural Network was developed to support bridge engineers in analyzing big video data. The network was initially trained by one-shot learning and fine-tuned iteratively with human in the loop. The neural network algorithm retrieved all related regions from the video based on the regions of …

Inspire Newsletter Spring 2020, Missouri University Of Science And Technology. Inspire - University Transportation Center

INSPIRE Newsletters

No abstract provided.

A Training Framework Of Robotic Operation And Image Analysis For Decision-Making In Bridge Inspection And Preservation, Ruwen Qin, Genda Chen, Suzanna Long, Zhaozheng Yin, Sushil Louis, Muhammad Monjurul Karim, Tianyi Zhao

Project WD-1

This project aims to create a framework of training engineers and policy makers on robotic operation and image analysis for the inspection and preservation of transportation infrastructure. Specifically, it develops the method for collecting camera-based bridge inspection data and the algorithms for data processing and pattern recognitions; and it creates tools for assisting users on visually analyzing the processed image data and recognized patterns for inspection and preservation decision-making.

The project first developed a Siamese Neural Network to support bridge engineers in analyzing big video data. The network was initially trained by one-shot learning and is fine-tuned iteratively with human …

Bridge Resilience Assessment With Inspire Data, Iris Tien, Yijian Zhang

Project RR-1

This project proposed a methodology to assess the impact of corrosion on the performance of bridges. The combined analytical and numerical modeling of shear-critical and lap-spliced columns is detailed, and outcomes are verified with previous experimental test data. The impact of corrosion on risk is assessed through conducting fragility analyses. Results quantify the increase in failure probabilities of these structures, measured by increasing probabilities of exceeding defined damage states, with increasing levels of corrosion. Corrosion is found to have a larger impact on increasing probabilities of exceeding more severe damage states. Twenty percent mass loss of reinforcement increases the probability …

Simulating Der Adoption In Wholesale Power Markets Using Agent Based Computational Economics, Islam H. El-Adaway, Charles Sims, Mohamed Eid, Yinan Liu, Gasser Galal Ali

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

There is a transition from centralized electricity generation to distributed energy resources (DER). An increasing number of customers are adopting distributed solar generation (DSG). However, utilities face the difficulty of predicting electrical demand and therefore dispatching and controlling generation. The goal of this research is to study the evolving dynamic market behavior affected by DER investment decisions. To that end, agent-based modeling (ABM) is used to study the emerging behavior of the market under those conditions. The model is developed from the existing and validated AMES framework, which is used for agent-based computational economics (ACE) simulation of wholesale power markets. …

Development Of Amine-Functionalized Mesoporous Alumina For Radioiodine Removal From Water, Mansour Mohammed Alsalbokh

Masters Theses

“Radioactive materials have spread due to careless disposal and nuclear disasters. Some radionuclides can exist in an aqueous media, like radioactive iodine. As a result, in this work amine-functionalized mesoporous alumina was developed to adsorb radioactive iodine from the liquid phase. Bismuth was incorporated, using a wet impregnation method, to test it as a possible silver replacement. Amine grafting was used to functionalize the surface of the mesoporous alumina. All materials prepared in this work were characterized by N₂ physisorption, FTIR and TGA to determine the textural properties, surface functionality, and amine loading. The synthesized materials were tested for …

Analyzing Citation Metrics In Civil Engineering With Focus On Construction Engineering And Management, Islam H. El-Adaway, Gasser G. Ali, Rayan Assaad, Amr Elsayegh, Ibrahim S. Abotaleb

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

There are several metrics used to evaluate academic publications, including number of citations, h-index, and others. While these metrics are directly related to rewards in the academic community, it is debated whether they correctly reflect the true impact of research. As such, there is a need to clearly interpret and understand such metrics. The goal of this paper is to investigate the citation metrics used to assess academic publications in civil engineering (CE) with a considerable focus on construction engineering and management (CEM). The investigation of these two research fields is important since each one of them has its own …

Effect Of Subsurface Microseismicity On The Motion Of Surrounding Dispersed Droplets: Supporting Information, Chao Zeng, Wen Deng

Research Data

The human-induced seismicity has called substantial attention in recent years. The effect of seismicity on the subsurface structure has been extensively studied. However, the effect of seismicity, especially those microseismicity, on surrounding immiscible fluids is rarely investigated. In porous media with two or more immiscible fluids, different amplitudes of vibration induced by seismicity have distinct effects on the dynamic behavior of fluids. Three types of pore-scale models are prevalent in the analysis of the motion of immiscible droplets. The underlying assumptions and accuracy of these models are compared in this study in both frequency domain and time domain. The frequency …

Influence Of Pumping Pressure On The Viscosity Curve And Rheological Stability Of Mortar Incorporating Polycarboxylate, Jae Hong Kim, Seong Ho Han, Byoung Il Choi

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Concrete pumping has been successfully adopted in modern construction. Various concrete including high-strength concrete and self-consolidating concrete can be pumped, but we still have a lack of understanding of the rheological behavior and its change during the pumping process. This study evaluates the effect of pumping pressure on the viscosity curves of cement-based materials incorporating a specific polycarboxylate. The viscosity of mortar samples increases with the pumping pressure. The viscosity increase depends on the rate of shear strain and the polymer structure of the polycarboxylate. The effect of pumping pressure is then generalized with a Sisko model. A mechanistic model …

Evaluation Of The Specific Attenuation Method For Radar-Based Quantitative Precipitation Estimation: Improvements And Practical Challenges, Bong Chul Seo, Witold F. Krajewski, Alexander Ryzhkov

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study demonstrates an implementation of the prototype quantitative precipitation R estimation algorithm using specific attenuation A for S-band polarimetric radar. The performance of R(A) algorithm is assessed, compared to the conventional algorithm using radar reflectivity Z, at multiple temporal scales. Because the factor a, defined as the net ratio of A to specific differential phase, is a key parameter of the algorithm characterized by drop size distributions (e.g., differential reflectivity Zdr dependence on Z), the estimation equations of a and a proper number of Zdr–Z samples required for a reliable a estimation are examined. Based on the dynamic estimation …

Impact Of Ambient Stable Stratification On Gravity Currents Propagating Over A Submerged Canopy, Jian Zhou, Subhas K. Venayagamoorthy

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The structure and propagation of lock-release bottom gravity currents in a linearly stratified ambient with the presence of a submerged canopy are investigated for the first time using large-eddy simulations. The canopy density (i.e. The solid volume fraction), the strength of ambient stratification and the canopy height are varied to study their respective effects on the gravity current. Both denser canopies and stronger ambient stratification tend to switch the horizontal boundary along which the current propagates from the channel bed towards the canopy top (i.e. The through-To-over flow transition). It is found that the dilution of the current density is …

The Combined Toxic Effect Of Nanoparticles And Lead In The Presence Of Algae (Raphidocelis), Xuesong Liu

Doctoral Dissertations

"The elevated toxicity of toxic metals in the presence of nanoparticles (NPs) has raised significant concerns on the NP environmental safety. This research focuses on the impact of environmental conditions, specifically algae, on this type of toxicity. An indicator aquatic organism, Ceriodaphnia dubia (C. dubia), was used to examine the combined toxicity and toxicity mitigation from algae by monitoring its 24-h mortality. Four papers are included in this research, which focus on four aspects of the combined toxicity and the corresponding algae (Raphidocelis) impact. The first paper examines the algae impact on the combined toxicity of …

Bond Behavior Of Advanced Fiber Reinforced Composite-Concrete Joints, Xingxing Zou

Doctoral Dissertations

“Externally bonding advanced composite materials to concrete structures is an effective way to improve their strength, ductility, and durability. The interfacial bond behavior is fundamental to understand the overall structural performance of concrete structures strengthened with advanced composite materials. This study includes a comprehensive investigation of the bond behavior of composite-concrete joints with different fiber reinforced composite types. First, a direct approach to determine the bond-slip relationship for fiber reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM)-concrete joints based on fiber strain measurements was proposed. Then, an analytical solution to predict the full-range response of FRCM-concrete joints was derived by assuming a trilinear bond-slip …

Experimental Evaluation Of A Honeycomb Structure In Open Channel Flows, Kyle David Hix

Masters Theses

“Designing and controlling open channel flows presents many challenges. One such challenge is energy dissipation. This challenge is currently addressed by several means, including the use of honeycomb structures. Energy dissipation by honeycomb structures has been studied for pressurized conduit flows; however, their ability to dissipate energy in free-surface flows remains largely unexamined. This work introduces a comprehensive experimental study designed to estimate the energy dissipation through a honeycomb structure in a free-surface flow.

This work examined the energy dissipation for a range of flows, pipe lengths, and pipe diameters in two flumes. PVC pipes ranging from 6 inches to …

3d Printing Reinforced Concrete Structures, Bryce Tyler Tafolla

Masters Theses

"This study aims to investigate a 3D printing method to directly incorporate continuous reinforcement into concrete structures. The ability to design and produce complex structures with optimized topographical configuration can be used to reduce potential material waste while maintaining the required structural strength. Furthermore, the ability to actively incorporate reinforcement into printed members substantially reduces potential labor requirements and eliminates the need to set up formwork.

The study began its initial approach with a manual extrusion process containing reinforcement to observe the necessary constraints required to achieve a printing system with this functionality. The second stage of development was designing …

Measurement Of Sub-2 Nm Stable Clusters During Silane Pyrolysis In A Furnace Aerosol Reactor, Miguel Vazquez-Pufleau, Yang Wang, Pratim Biswas, Elijah Thimsen

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The initial stages of particle formation are important in several industrial and environmental systems; however, the phenomenon is not completely understood due to the inability to measure cluster size distributions. A high resolution differential mobility analyzer with an electrometer was used to map out the early stages of Si particle formation from pyrolysis of SiH4 in a furnace aerosol reactor. We detected for the first time subnanometer stable clusters from silane pyrolysis, and the diameter was measured to be about 0.7 nm. This diameter is within the range of probable sizes that the reported families of critical silane clusters could …

Soil-Water-Energy Nexus Of Green Roofs, Katherine Ann Bartels

Masters Theses

"As the urban landscape continues to sprawl into previously undeveloped land to accommodate population growth, the need to design cities that effectively manage urban stormwater is imperative for a sustainable future. Green roofs use rain-harvesting techniques to reduce urban stormwater discharge while simultaneously providing traditional roof services as well as several ecosystem services. However, green roof media design varies greatly among commercial applications, and little guidance is available to engineers when selecting the media for prospective green roofs. Efforts to maximize stormwater retention and enhance urban heat island mitigation capabilities of green roofs while concurrently reducing nutrient loading were examined …

Optical Fiber Based Integrity Test Of Civil Engineering Materials: Numerical Analysis, Ruoyu Zhong

Masters Theses

“Major advancement in Civil Engineering cannot be accomplished without the help of sensors. Among different types of sensors, fiber-optic sensor is known for its light weight, high accuracy, resolution, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and resistance to harsh environment. This research mainly focuses on fiber-optic sensor application on concrete structures as temperature sensor. Thermal Integrity Profiling (TIP) is a non-destructive integrity testing method which makes use of the hydration heat from the concrete curing process to detect defects within a drilled shaft. Any defect of concrete could result in a temperature anomaly in a drilled shaft. The accuracy of the current …

Feasibility Study On Novel Fire-Resistant Coating Materials, Anyou Zhu

Masters Theses

“Over the past decades, wildfires in the United States have caused severe damage and property losses. The California Camp Fire in November 2018 caused 85 civilian fatalities and destroyed 18,793 structures. There is a need to enhance the fire resistance of structures and buildings. The primary purpose of this study was to develop innovative surface-bonded fire-resistant material that can be used as a wall coating with three primary features: (a) workability for application, (b) enough adhesion to the surface of the structure, (c) fire-resistant. This research developed mix designs of innovative fire-resistant coating materials including high-performance cement mortar (HPCM), geopolymer …

A New Type Of Crumb Rubber Asphalt Mixture: A Dry Process Design And Performance Evaluation, Feng Ma, Jiasheng Dai, Zhen Fu, Jenny Liu, Wenhao Dong, Zhen Huang

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

To obtain a crumb rubber asphalt mixture with excellent performance, this study combined trans-polyoctenamer rubber (TOR), crumb rubber, and other additives to establish a new type of crumb rubber (CRT). The objective of this study was to design and evaluate the road performance of the new type of crumb rubber asphalt mixture (CRTAM) with a skeleton dense texture through a dry process. First, the skeleton intrusion compact volume method was used to optimize the grading of coarse and fine aggregates, and the design of the CRTAM gradation was carried out through the same and unequal volume replacement grading method. Then, …

Studying The Effects Of Various Process Parameters On Early Age Hydration Of Single- And Multi-Phase Cementitious Systems, Rachel Cook

Doctoral Dissertations

”The hydration of multi-phase ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and its pure phase derivatives, such as tricalcium silicate (C₃S) and belite (ß-C₂S), are studied in the context varying process parameters -- for instance, variable water content, water activity, superplasticizer structure and dose, and mineral additive type and particle size. These parameters are studied by means of physical experiments and numerical/computational techniques, such as: thermodynamic estimations; numerical kinetic-based modelling; and artificial intelligence techniques like machine learning (ML) models. In the past decade, numerical kinetic modeling has greatly improved in terms of fitting experimental, isothermal calorimetry to kinetic-based modelling …

Seismic Behavior Of Composite Bridge Columns, Mohanad M. Abdulazeez

Doctoral Dissertations

“This study investigates experimentally and numerically the seismic behavior of large-scale hollow-core fiber-reinforced polymer-concrete-steel (HC-FCS) innovative bridge columns as a sustainable approach to endure and rapidly recover from natural disasters such as earthquakes. The HC-FCS column consisted of a concrete shell sandwiched between an outer fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) tube and an inner steel tube to provided continuous confinement for the concrete shell along with the height of the column. The columns have a slender inner steel tube with diameter-to-thickness (D_s/t_s) ratios ranged between 85 to 254. Each steel tube was embedded into the footing, while the …

Behavior Of Negative Stiffness Metamaterial Systems In Structural Engineering Applications, Yasser Darwish

Doctoral Dissertations

“Metamaterial systems with negative stiffness behavior became a point of interest in many energy dissipation applications due to their ability to dissipate high levels of energy. Negative stiffness metamaterial elements can dissipate energy through non-linear elastic behavior when transferred from one stable mode of buckling to another. Hence, the ability of such elements to be reusable for multiple loading cycles exists. Such unique properties made the metamaterial systems a perfect candidate for structural applications such as impact protection of bridges against collision. This research provides innovative metamaterial shell structure that can exhibit negative stiffness behavior by deforming from one shape …

Minimizing The Negative Effect Of Pumping On Scc Freeze-Thaw Durability, Daniel Galvez-Moreno

Doctoral Dissertations

“The durability of concrete must be ensured to reduce the carbon footprint of the production of portland cement. If concrete is properly designed to preserve its integrity under adverse exposure conditions, the service life of the material can be extended with minimum maintenance. Nevertheless, bad handling, placing, finishing or curing practices can abate the durability potential and service life of even the best mix design. Pumping concrete is a very efficient placing technique that offers significant cost reduction and versatility at the jobsite, but it also has the potential of altering the air void system parameters, which are key to …