Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons^™

Coating Condition Detection And Assessment On The Steel Girder Of A Bridge Through Hyperspectral Imaging, Pengfei Ma, Jiaoli Li, Ying Zhuo, Pu Jiao, Genda Chen

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The organic coating of bridge steel girders is subjected to physical scratches, corrosion, and aging in natural weathering. The breakdown of the coating may cause serviceability and safety problems if left unnoticed. Conventional coating inspection is time-consuming and lacks information about the coating's chemical integrity. A hyperspectral imaging method is proposed to detect the condition of steel coatings based on coating-responsive features in reflectance spectra. A field test was conducted on the real-world bridge, which shows obvious signs of degradation. The hyperspectral signature enables an assessment of the coating's health and defect severity. The results indicated that the coating scratch …

Predicting The Friction Coefficient Of High-Friction Surface Treatment Application Aggregates Using The Aggregates' Characteristics, Ahmed S. El-Ashwah, Korrenn Broaddus, Magdy Abdelrahman

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Providing Sufficient Pavement Surface Friction (I.e., Skid Resistance) between Vehicle Tires and Pavement Surface throughout the Pavement Service Life is Considered to Be One of the Main Objectives of Highway Design. Moreover, Vehicle Safety, the Amount of Consumed Fuel, and the Wearing Rate of Vehicle Tires Generally Are Influenced by Pavement Surface Friction. in This Study, a Comprehensive Experimental Testing Program Was Conducted on Different Aggregate Sources, Including Calcined Bauxite and Five Alternative Local Sources, to Assess their Friction Characteristics. the Testing Program Included a British Pendulum Tester (BPT) and a Dynamic Friction Tester (DFT), Which Were Used to Evaluate …

Reducing The Vulnerability Of Electric Power Infrastructure Against Natural Disasters By Promoting Distributed Generation, Gasser G. Ali, Islam H. El-Adaway, Charles Sims, J. Scott Holladay, Chien Fei Chen

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Natural disasters cause significant damage to the electrical power infrastructure every year. Therefore, there is a crucial need to reduce the vulnerability of the electric power grid against natural disasters. Distributed generation (DG) represents small-scale decentralized power generation that can help reduce the vulnerability of the grid, among many other benefits. Examples of DG include small-scale photo-voltaic (PV) systems. Accordingly, the goal of this paper is to investigate the benefits of DG in reducing the vulnerability of the electric power infrastructure by mitigating against the impact of natural disasters on transmission lines. This was achieved by developing a complex system-of-systems …

Rilem Tc 266-Mrp: Round-Robin Rheological Tests On High Performance Mortar And Concrete With Adapted Rheology—Rheometers, Mixtures And Procedures, Dimitri Feys, Mohammed Sonebi, Sofiane Amziane, Chafika Djelal, Khadija El-Cheikh, Shirin Fataei, Markus Greim, Irina Ivanova, Helena Keller, Kamal Khayat, Laurent Libessart, Viktor Mechtcherine, Ivan Navarrete, Arnaud Perrot

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Recent developments in understanding the rheology of mortar and concrete as well as applying this understanding in the practice of construction necessitate an accurate assessment of materials' rheological properties. It is well known that different rheometers for mortar and concrete deliver different results, as this was shown over 15 years ago in two measuring campaigns comparing concrete rheometers. Considering newly developed rheometers, including those to evaluate interface rheology and structural build-up at rest, as well as additional measurement procedures and data interpretation techniques, a new comparison campaign was carried out in 2018 at the Université d'Artois, in Bethune, France. This …

Characterizing Energy Dissipation Of Shallow-Water Wave Breaking In A Storm Surge, Hunter Boswell, Guirong Grace Yan, Wouter Mostert

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

While understanding breaking waves is crucial for the development of parametrizations used in ocean wave modeling for both deep and shallow water, the complete process of wave breaking is not well understood. Here we present direct numerical simulations of two-dimensional solitary waves that shoal and break on a uniform beach in shallow water, with the presence of storm surge represented by an inshore region. The storm surge depth, beach slope, and wave amplitude are varied to study the dependence of energy dissipation in the breaker on wave and bathymetric parameters. We classify wave breaker types and find a separation between …

The Bridge Newsletter Spring 2023, Missouri University Of Science And Technology

The Bridge Newsletter

-Virtual reality in architectural engineering
-Steel Bridge team wins fifth consecutive competition
-S&T Volleyball star ‘jumps’ at research opportunity
-Benavides legacy continues

A Unified Two Independent Stress Variable Approach To Moisture-Change-Induced Unsaturated Soil Volume Change, Sandra Houston, Xiong Zhang

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In 1968, Matyas and Radhakrishna introduced the concept of the state surface, demonstrating that unsaturated soil volume change is dependent on two independent stress state variables, net total stress and suction. For decades the basic theory of unsaturated soils has been known, and a holistic view of the elastoplastic response of unsaturated soils, based on a modified state surface approach (MSSA), makes it clear that a method accounting for independent roles of net total stress and suction is required to quantify volume change of unsaturated soils. Still, reliance on pre-unsaturated-soil-mechanics-era methods persists, particularly within the geotechnical practice community. Unsaturated soil …

Calibration Of Bbm Parameters Using The Modified State Surface Approach, Xiong Zhang, Beshoy Riad, Eduardo E. Alonso

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Barcelona Basic Model (BBM) developed by Alonso et al. [1] is the first and the mostwidely used elasto-plastic model for unsaturated soils. The BBM successfully explained many key features of unsaturated soils and received extensive acceptance. However, there is lack of a well-establishedmethod for selecting parameter values for the BBM from laboratory tests, although a variety of methods have been recently developed for calibrating model parameters for the BBM. Concerns still exist on the correctness and robustness of such parameter value selection procedures. The above statements were evidenced by a recent benchmark exercise on selection of parameter values for …

Lunar In-Situ Aluminum Production Through Molten Salt Electrolysis (Lisap-Mse), Jacob Ortega, Jeffrey D. Smith, Fateme Rezaei, David Bayless, William P. Schonberg, Daniel S. Stutts, Daoru Frank Han

NASA-Missouri Space Grant Consortium

The goal of Artemis is to establish a sustained presence on the Moon. To achieve so, numerous resources are necessary. The Moon contains several essential elements needed to sustain human presence. Most of those elements are trapped in the form of minerals. To refine those minerals into useful materials, reduction methods are needed. Most reduction methods on Earth require large amounts of mass and power which is unrealistic for early stages of building a lunar base. To solve this problem, we are developing a concept of Lunar In-Situ Aluminum Production through Molten Salt Electrolysis (LISAP-MSE).

The LISAP-MSE project, if successful, …

A High-Strength Precipitation Hardened Cobalt-Free High-Entropy Alloy, Matthew Luebbe, Jiaqi Duan, Fan Zhang, Jonathan Poplawsky, Hans Pommeranke, Maalavan Arivu, Andrew Hoffman, Mario Buchely, Haiming Wen

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Recent studies on precipitation-hardened high-entropy alloys (HEAs) demonstrate their high strength and thermal stability, making them promising materials for high-temperature structural applications such as nuclear reactors. However, many existing HEAs contain cobalt (Co), which is unsuitable for nuclear applications because of the long-term activation issue of Co. Co is also expensive and considered a critical material for other applications. Therefore, it is desired to exclude Co from the composition. a Co-free (Fe0.3Ni0.3Mn0.3Cr0.1)88Ti4Al8 HEA was developed and studied in this work. in contrast to previous Co-free HEAs, this alloy is close to Equi atomic in its composition and promises a more …

Fatigue Behavior And Calculation Methods Of High Strength Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Beam, Zhiqiang Gu, Hu Feng, Danying Gao, Jun Zhao, Congjie Wei, Chenglin Wu

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Adding Steel Fibers into Concrete Was Considered as One of the Most Effective Ways to Restrain the Crack Development and Improve the Stiffness for Reinforced Concrete (RC) Structures. to Explore the Reinforcement Mechanism of Steel Fibers on the Fatigue Behavior of High-Strength RC Beam, Eight High-Strength Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete (HSSFRC) Beams Subjected to Fatigue Loading Were Tested in This Study. the Main Design Parameters Considered in This Work Were Stress Level and Steel Fiber Content. the Failure Mode, Crack Patterns, Fatigue Life, Crack Width, and Stiffness Degradation of HSSFRC Beams under Fatigue Loading Were Discussed. the Results Showed that …

Performance Assessment Of Bioasphalt Mixtures Containing Guayule Resin As An Innovative Biobased Asphalt Alternative, Ahmed Hemida, Magdy Abdelrahman

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Guayule resin was investigated through mixture to assess its role in the field performance. For performance comparisons, conventional asphalt, neat guayule, asphalt-rubber-guayule, and guayule-rubber binders were implied. Field-simulated lab mixtures were made to investigate the major distresses. Modified Lottman, rut, semicircular bending, and disk-shaped compact tension tests were used to assess stripping, rutting, fatigue, and thermal cracking resistances. Stripping and rutting susceptibilities were also assessed by Hamburg wheel-tracking test. The outcomes disclosed that when the modified Lottman test was used, guayule containing a 7% air content was more susceptible to stripping than that containing a 3.5% air content, resulting in …

Discrete-Element Modeling Of Shear-Induced Particle Migration During Concrete Pipe Flow: Effect Of Size Distribution And Concentration Of Aggregate On Formation Of Lubrication Layer, Tooran Tavangar, Masoud Hosseinpoor, Jeffrey S. Marshall, Ammar Yahia, Kamal Khayat

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Paper Seeks to Better Understand the Particulate Mechanics Giving Rise to the Lubrication Layer (LL) in Flows with Wide Particle-Size Distributions (PSD) Typical of Concrete Pumping Applications. the Study Uses a Soft-Sphere Discrete Element Method (DEM) to Simulate the Shear-Induced Particle Migration (SIPM) Mechanism of Formation of the LL. to Provide Realistic Understanding of SIPM and Rheological Heterogeneity of Concrete, Three Wide PSDs (Fine, Medium, and Coarse) and Three Different Concentrations (10 %–40 %) of Five Spherical-Particle Subclasses (1–17 Mm Diameter) Were Investigated. the Radial Evolution of Concentration and Particle Distribution Was Simulated over Time and the LL Formation …

Efficient Recycling Of Waste Rubber In A Sustainable Fiber-Reinforced Mortar And Its Damping And Energy Dissipation Capacity, Haodao Li, Wu Jian Long, Kamal Khayat

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

A Great Number of Waste Tires Are Discarded in Landfills, Occupying Land Resources, and Severely Endangering the Ecosystem. Upcycling These Wastes as Aggregates to Partially Substitute Natural Sand and Develop Structure-Function Integration in Concrete Structures is a Desirable Solution. in This Study, a Sustainable Fiber-Reinforced Rubberized Mortar with Superior Material Damping and Moderate Strength is Developed by Combined Use of Waste Crumb Rubber (WCR) Incorporated at 0, 30%, and 60%, by Volume of Sand, and Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) Fiber Added at 0, 0.5%, and 1%, by Volume, in a High-Volume Fly Ash Binder System. Low-Temperature Plasma (LTP) Pre-Treatment of the …

Closure To "Some Insights On Flow Over Sharp-Crested Weirs Using Computational Fluid Dynamics: Implications For Enhanced Flow Measurement", Joseph M. Sinclair, S. Karan Venayagamoorthy, Timothy K. Gates

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

No abstract provided.

Analysis Of Eccentrically Loaded Frp Partially Wrapped Reinforced Concrete Columns Subjected To Combined Environmental Erosion, Zhiqiang Gu, Congjie Wei, Chenglin Wu, Danying Gao, Peibo You, Dong Wei

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Behavior of Eccentrically Loaded Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) Partially Wrapped Reinforced Concrete (RC) Columns under Combined Environmental Erosion Was Investigated in This Paper. Circular RC Columns Were Firstly Subjected to Chloride Erosion Where the Target Corrosion Degree (0, 10 %, and 20 %) is Obtained with Externally Applied Current. This Was Then Followed by Partially Strengthening with 2-Ply of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) Strips as Well as 50 Freeze–thaw Cycles. Series of Eccentric Compression Tests Were Conducted with Ranging Eccentricities of 0, 5 Mm, 10 Mm, and 15 Mm. for Comparison, the Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) Partially …

Investigation Of Corrosion Mechanism Of Ribbed Mild Steel Bars Coated With Magnesium Potassium Phosphate Cement Paste, Fan Zhang, John J. Myers, Wenyu Liao, Cun Hui, Hongyan Ma

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This Study Investigated the Anti-Corrosion Performance of Magnesium Potassium Phosphate Cement (MKPC) Paste Applied to the Surface of Ribbed Mild Steel Bars – Which Was Exposed to Simulated Accelerated Corrosive Environment. Four Electrochemical Approaches Were Used Including Open-Circuit Potential (OCP), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscope (EIS), Polarization Resistance (PR) and Potentiodynamic Polarization (PDP) over a Period of 5376 H (224 Days). Moreover, Visual Inspection, Optical Microscope, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) Were Used to Assess the Extent of Corrosion on the Samples. to Understand the Mechanism of Corrosion Protection of the Coating System, X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) …

Semi-Annual Progress Report #13, Missouri University Of Science And Technology

Semi-Annual Progress Reports

No abstract provided.

Probability Of Detection In Structural Health Monitoring, Genda Chen

INSPIRE Archived Webinars

The fundamental concept of the probability of detection in structural health monitoring is introduced. The traditional Probability of Detection (POD) method as described in the Department of Defense Handbook MIL-HDBK-1823A for nondestructive evaluation systems does not take the time dependency of data collection into account. When applied to in-situ sensors for the measurement of flaw sizes, such as fatigue-induced crack length and corrosion-induced mass loss, the validity and reliability of the traditional method is unknown. In this 50-minute lecture, the POD for in-situ sensors and their associated reliability assessment for detectable flaw sizes are evaluated using a Flaw-Size-at-Detection (FSaD) method …

Raveling Performance Of Conventional And Rubberized Chip Seal Under Field And Laboratory Traffic Loading, Alireza Pourhassan, Ahmed A. Gheni, Mohamed Elgawady

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Raveling, or the Loss of Surface Aggregate, is a Major Concern in Chip Seal Pavement. Previous Studies Have Used the Standard Sweep, Vialit, and Pennsylvania Tests to Evaluate Raveling, But These Tests Do Not Replicate the Stresses of Rolling Vehicle Tires on Chip Seal and Have Produced Inconsistent Results. Additionally, These Tests Mainly Evaluate Early-Stage Raveling Due to their Short Curing Time. in This Study, a Small-Wheel Traffic Simulation Device (SWTS) Was Used to Apply Similar Stresses as Rolling Vehicle Tires and Produce Comparable Raveling Results. This Was Confirmed through a 13-Month Field Observation of Chip Seal, Where the Laboratory …

Photolysis Of 3-Nitro-1,2,4-Triazol-5-One: Mechanisms And Products, Hunter W. Schroer, Esteban Londono, Xueshu Li, Hans Joachim Lehmler, William Arnold, Craig L. Just

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Insensitive munitions formulations that include 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) are replacing traditional explosive compounds. While these new formulations have superior safety characteristics, the compounds have greater environmental mobility, raising concern over potential contamination and cleanup of training and manufacturing facilities. Here, we examine the mechanisms and products of NTO photolysis in simulated sunlight to further inform NTO degradation in sunlit surface waters. We demonstrate that NTO produces singlet oxygen, and that dissolved oxygen increases the NTO photolysis rate in deionized water. The rate of NTO photolysis is independent of concentration and decreases slightly in the presence of Suwannee River Natural Organic Matter. …

Hyperspectral Reflectance For Determination Of Steel Rebar Corrosion And Cl− Concentration, Pengfei Ma, Liang Fan, Genda Chen

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In This Study, a New Method is Proposed to Determine Chloride Ion (Cl−) Concentration and Steel Rebar Corrosion from Hyperspectral Spectroscopy. Three Groups of Mortar Cubes with Water-To-Cement (W/c) Ratios of 0.5, 0.6, and 0.7 Were Subjected to Rapid Corrosion Testing in 3.5 Wt% NaCl Solution to Accelerate the Transport of Chloride Ions. Embedded Along the Centerline of Each Mortar Cube Was a Steel Rebar that Corroded When the Cl− Accumulation Around It Exceeded a Critical/threshold Concentration. Open Circuit Potential Was Measured to Characterize the Corrosion Possibility of Steel Rebar. Mortar Surfaces Were Scanned with a Hyperspectral Camera in the …

Integrating Quality Assurance In Balance Mix Designs For Durable Asphalt Mixtures: State-Of-The-Art Literature Review, Yizhuang David Wang, Jun Liu, Jenny Liu

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Delivering durable asphalt concrete within a reasonable cost is one of the great ambitions of pavement material engineers. This state-of-the-art review article documents the efforts spent in the past two decades to ensure the durability and performance of asphalt mixtures in mix design and production. A perspective with the attempt to integrate laboratory mix design, plant production quality assurance, and field place acceptance is applied in the review. The development of the performance specification and performance mix design is summarized. The paper categorizes performance specification into index-based performance specification and predictive performance specification that include performance-related specification and performance-based specification. …

Enhancement Of Heat-Cured Cement Paste With Tannic Acid, Jinrui Zhang, Ziye Kang, Youzhi Yang, Biqin Dong, Hongyan Ma

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Improvement of Cement-Based Materials' Performance by Natural Organic Compounds Can Greatly Promote the Green and Sustainable Development of the Construction Industry. However, Such Compounds Are Not Widely Used Yet Because of their Retarding Effect on Cement. in This Study, the Retardation Effect of Tannic Acid (TA, a Well-Known Retarding Compound) is overcome and the Enhancing Effect is Achieved by Adding Less Than 0.1% Content and Curing Samples in Thermal Regime. Then the Mechanism of TA Enhancing Heat-Cured Cement Pastes is Studied Systematically. Mechanical Properties Results Suggest that Addition of 0.025% TA Can Reduce the Compressive and Flexural Strengths of …

Synergistic Effect Of Hedp.4na And Different Induced Pouring Angles On Mechanical Properties Of Fiber-Reinforced Alkali-Activated Slag Composites, Jingjie Wei, Jianwei Liu, Kamal Khayat, Wu Jian Long

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The Poor Flexural and Damping Properties of Building Materials Damages Concrete Structures and Affects their Service Life When Concrete Structures Are Subjected to Dynamic Loads. Three Different Dosages (I.e., 0%, 0.3%, and 0.6%) of Organic Phosphonates (HEDP.4Na) and Different Pouring Methods (I.e., Conventional Pouring Method, 90°-Induced Pouring Method, and 150°-Induced Pouring Method) Were Designed to Improve the Flexural and Damping Performance of Fiber-Reinforced Alkali-Activated Slag Composites (FR-AASC). the Enhanced Mechanism of HEDP.4Na Was Revealed by Phase Analysis (X-Ray Diffraction, XRD), Pore Structure Analysis (Mercury Intrusion Porosimetry, MIP), the Heat of Hydration, and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) Analysis. the Results Showed …

Deep Learning To Predict The Hydration And Performance Of Fly Ash-Containing Cementitious Binders, Taihao Han, Rohan Bhat, Sai Akshay Ponduru, Amit Sarkar, Jie Huang, Gaurav Sant, Hongyan Ma, Narayanan Neithalath, Aditya Kumar

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Fly ash (FA) – an industrial byproduct – is used to partially substitute Portland cement (PC) in concrete to mitigate concrete's environmental impact. Chemical composition and structure of FAs significantly impact hydration kinetics and compressive strength of concrete. Due to the substantial diversity in these physicochemical attributes of FAs, it has been challenging to develop a generic theoretical framework – and, therefore, theory-based analytical models – that could produce reliable, a priori predictions of properties of [PC + FA] binders. In recent years, machine learning (ML) – which is purely data-driven, as opposed to being derived from theorical underpinnings – …

Wind Effects On Dome Structures And Evaluation Of Cfd Simulations Through Wind Tunnel Testing, Tiantian Li, Hongya Qu, Yi Zhao, Ryan Honerkamp, Guirong Grace Yan, Arindam Chowdhury, Ioannis Zisis

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In the Study, a Series of Wind Tunnel Tests Were Conducted to Investigate Wind Effects Acting on Dome Structures (1/60 Scale) Induced by Straight-Line Winds at a Reynolds Number in the Order of 106. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Simulations Were Performed as Well, Including a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) and Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) Simulation, and their Performances Were Validated by a Comparison with the Wind Tunnel Testing Data. It is Concluded that Wind Loads Generally Increase with Upstream Wind Velocities, and They Are Reduced over Suburban Terrain Due to Ground Friction. the Maximum Positive Pressure Normally Occurs Near the Base …

Tempnet – Temporal Super-Resolution Of Radar Rainfall Products With Residual Cnns, Muhammed Ali Sit, Bongchul Seo, Ibrahim Demir

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The temporal and spatial resolution of rainfall data is crucial for environmental modeling studies in which its variability in space and time is considered as a primary factor. Rainfall products from different remote sensing instruments (e.g., radar, satellite) have different space-time resolutions because of the differences in their sensing capabilities and post-processing methods. In this study, we developed a deep-learning approach that augments rainfall data with increased time resolutions to complement relatively lower-resolution products. We propose a neural network architecture based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), namely TempNet, to improve the temporal resolution of radar-based rainfall products and compare the …

Deep Learning To Predict The Hydration And Performance Of Fly Ash-Containing Cementitious Binders, Taihao Han, Rohan Bhat, Sai Akshay Ponduru, Amit Sarkar, Jie Huang, Gaurav Sant, Hongyan Ma, Narayanan Neithalath, Aditya Kumar

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Fly ash (FA) – an industrial byproduct – is used to partially substitute Portland cement (PC) in concrete to mitigate concrete's environmental impact. Chemical composition and structure of FAs significantly impact hydration kinetics and compressive strength of concrete. Due to the substantial diversity in these physicochemical attributes of FAs, it has been challenging to develop a generic theoretical framework – and, therefore, theory-based analytical models – that could produce reliable, a priori predictions of properties of [PC + FA] binders. In recent years, machine learning (ML) – which is purely data-driven, as opposed to being derived from theorical underpinnings – …

Compaction Quality Assurance Specifications Of Unbound Materials, Beshoy Riad, Xiong Zhang, Jenny Liu, Yizhuang David Wang

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Compaction quality control/assurance of unbound geomaterials is one of the crucial components in pavement and embankment construction to ensure their performance, stability, and sustainability. Conventional density-based methods such as nuclear density gauge to determine the compaction quality have been widely used due to the straightforward relationship between the readings and targeted material property. Recent modifications in construction standards and the introduction of the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide have inspired a growing interest in developing and implementing strength/stiffness-based compaction control quality assurance (QA) specifications. Numerous studies have been dedicated to investigating the efficiency and effectiveness of the stiffness-based compaction QA tools. …