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Articles 4411 - 4440 of 7866
Full-Text Articles in Civil and Environmental Engineering
Distortional Buckling Of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Compression Members, A. Liang, G. J. Van Den Berg, Rudolph Laubscher
Distortional Buckling Of Cold-Formed Stainless Steel Compression Members, A. Liang, G. J. Van Den Berg, Rudolph Laubscher
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
In this paper the critical local buckling strength of cold-formed stainless steel compression members, with special emphasis on the method developed by Lau and Hancock for distortional buckling is discussed. Cold-formed stainless steel channel and I-section members under axial compression in distortional buckling are analysed. A control experiment is carried out for comparing analytical methods with a finite element method and experimental values.
L-Header Testing, Evaluation And Design Methodology, Roger A. Laboube, N. R. Elhajj
L-Header Testing, Evaluation And Design Methodology, Roger A. Laboube, N. R. Elhajj
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Cold-formed steel L-shaped headers have gained popularity over the past few years due to their simplicity and cost effectiveness. While cold-formed steel conventional headers are widely used and can be designed for most applications, often it is necessary to reduce cost by using less material and labor hours. The L-shaped header provides both, a fast and economical solution to safely transfer applied loads to other structural elements in a building. As the name suggests, the main components of an L-shaped header is a piece of cold-formed steel formed into a shape resembling the letter L. An L-header assembly consists of …
Spatial Buckling Behavior Of High-Rise Rack Frames, Lip H. Teh, Gregory J. Hancock, Murray J. Clarke
Spatial Buckling Behavior Of High-Rise Rack Frames, Lip H. Teh, Gregory J. Hancock, Murray J. Clarke
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The paper investigates the global elastic buckling behavior of a high-rise adjustable pallet rack frame composed of thin-walled open sections. It is concluded that the simple element used in many commercial programs for 3D frame analysis is not sufficiently refined for accurate linear buckling analyses of high-rise rack frames.
Design Of Cold-Formed Steel Plain Channels, Fang Yiu, Teoman Pekoz
Design Of Cold-Formed Steel Plain Channels, Fang Yiu, Teoman Pekoz
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper gives an overview of the design procedures formulated for plain channels. These formulations are based on experimental and finite element studies. The scope of the work covers laterally braced beams, columns and beam-columns of cross-sections in the range of practical applications by the industry. The recommendations treat members that are made up of elements that may be in the post-buckling or post yielding range.
Eccentrically Loaded Bolted Connections For Type 304 And 3cr12 Stainless Steel Lipped Channels, P. Van Tonder, Q. C. Oliphant, G. J. Van Den Berg
Eccentrically Loaded Bolted Connections For Type 304 And 3cr12 Stainless Steel Lipped Channels, P. Van Tonder, Q. C. Oliphant, G. J. Van Den Berg
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
In this paper the results of a study on eccentrically loaded bolted connections in lipped channels are presented. The steels chosen for this study are AISI Type 304 and Type 3CR12 stainless steel. It is concluded in this investigation that an acceptable prediction of the strength of eccentrically loaded bolted connections of stainless steel lipped channels may be obtained through the combination between the eccentric loaded equation and the normal bolted connection equations for stainless steel.
Optimum Design Of Cold Formed Steel Residential Roof Trusses, L. Xu, H. Min
Optimum Design Of Cold Formed Steel Residential Roof Trusses, L. Xu, H. Min
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
A computer-based optimal design approach for residential roof trusses using cold-formed steel C-sections is presented. The truss design is based on CSA S136-94 and the truss design guide published by the American Iron and Steel Institute and the Canadian Sheet Steel Building Institute. A genetic algorithm was adopted to obtain the minimum cost design with consideration to truss topology and member size simultaneously. The presented design examples demonstrate the applicability and efficiency ofthe proposed approach.
Structural Stability Of Braced Scaffolding And Formwork With Spigot Joints, John Enright, Robert Harriss, Gregory J. Hancock
Structural Stability Of Braced Scaffolding And Formwork With Spigot Joints, John Enright, Robert Harriss, Gregory J. Hancock
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Steel Scaffolding systems are often constructed from cold-formed circular hollow sections. The beams of this system are normally called "ledgers" and the columns are normally called "standards". To allow the system to be quickly erected on site, "spigot joints" are inserted in the standards. The spigot joints consist of smaller diameter tubes which slide into the larger diameter tubes to provide a safe connection under gravity load. However, the spigot joints may have a lack of fit, and when located midway between the ledgers, they can cause significant out-of-straightness in a standard. This PΔ effect may weaken the standard as …
Buckling Of Cold Formed Stainless Steel Columns Under Concentric And Eccentric Loading, J. Rhodes, M. Macdonald, W. Mcniff
Buckling Of Cold Formed Stainless Steel Columns Under Concentric And Eccentric Loading, J. Rhodes, M. Macdonald, W. Mcniff
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper describes the results obtained from a series of compression tests performed on cold formed stainless steel Type 304 columns of lipped channel cross-section. The cross-section dimensions, the column length and the eccentricity of the applied compressive load are varied to examine the effects on the buckling load capacity of the columns. The results obtained are compared to those obtained from the relevant design specifications in America and in Europe, and conclusions are drawn on the basis of the comparisons.
The Development Of An Australian Standard For Stainless Steel Structures, Kim J. R. Rasmussen
The Development Of An Australian Standard For Stainless Steel Structures, Kim J. R. Rasmussen
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The paper describes the recent development of an Australian standard for the design of cold-formed stainless steel structures. The standard is based on the ANSI/ASCE-8 (1991) Specification for the Design of Cold-formed Stainless Steel Structural Members but augmented to provide rules for cold-formed hollow section members and welded connections. Explicit design rules for the flexural buckling of compression members are also implemented. Further, mechanical properties are included for weldable chromium steels and austenitic-ferritic (duplex) alloys, which are in addition to the alloys included in the ANSII ASCE-8 Specification. The purpose of this paper is to summarise the new rules and …
Mechanical Properties Of Stainless Steel Lipped Channels, M. Macdonald, J. Rhodes, G. T. Taylor
Mechanical Properties Of Stainless Steel Lipped Channels, M. Macdonald, J. Rhodes, G. T. Taylor
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
This paper describes and discusses the results obtained from a series of tensile tests performed on cold formed stainless steel Type 304 members of lipped channel cross-section. Standard tensile tests on coupons cut from the webs of the sections were carried out, as were full section tensile tests. Ramberg-Osgood type curves based on the procedure suggested in the ASCE design code were fitted to the stress-strain results and these are compared with the experimental results and Ramberg-Osgood type curves derived on an alternative basis.
Automated Design Of Steel Trusses, B. Mobasher, S. D. Rajan, S. Y. Chen
Automated Design Of Steel Trusses, B. Mobasher, S. D. Rajan, S. Y. Chen
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Designing an automated procedure for the optimal design of any structural system poses special challenges. Converting this methodology into a practical tool is even more challenging. In this research, a point-and-click software system is developed for the optimal design of roof truss systems. The starting point is a roof template containing minimal user input - outline of the truss, truss spacing, load information, and cost figures. A ground structure is constructed as the starting point of the design iterations. The Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used as the optimization tool to drive the design changes. Using the database of available sections, …
Structural Behavior Of Cold-Formed Steel Header Beams For Residential Construction, Roger A. Laboube, Sutton F. Stephens
Structural Behavior Of Cold-Formed Steel Header Beams For Residential Construction, Roger A. Laboube, Sutton F. Stephens
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The purpose of this experimental and analytical study was to observe the structural behavior of cold-formed steel header beams subject to a combined bending and interior-one-flange loading (IOF) condition as typically occurs in residential construction. This study focussed on the IOF loading of both back-to-back (I-beam) and box-beam configurations as specified in the "Prescriptive Method for Residential Cold-Formed Steel Framing - Second Edition." Past research conducted in the area of web crippling strength, bending strength and flange buckling of cold-formed steel members was reviewed and is discussed. The data obtained from the experimental study was analyzed and evaluated to determine …
Dynamic Behaviour Of Floors With Cold-Formed Steel Joists, L. Xu, Z. Ling, W. C. Xie, R. M. Schuster
Dynamic Behaviour Of Floors With Cold-Formed Steel Joists, L. Xu, Z. Ling, W. C. Xie, R. M. Schuster
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
Presented in this paper are the results of a recent study carried out at the University of Waterloo on the performance of residential floors supported by cold-formed steel C-section floor joists. Both static and dynamic tests were conducted on steel floors with different span lengths based on different design criteria. The purpose of the static tests was to evaluate the stiffuess and load sharing among the joists, and the purpose of the dynamic tests was to evaluate the dynamic characteristics such as frequencies of the floor systems. To identify the critical parameters that contribute to the control of floor vibration, …
Lateral Bracing Connections For C-Sections Subjected To Bending, B. Beshara, Roger A. Laboube
Lateral Bracing Connections For C-Sections Subjected To Bending, B. Beshara, Roger A. Laboube
CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)
The overall behavior under bending moment of cold-formed steel C-sections assemblies was investigated. Each test assembly consisted of C-sections acting as beams having a track to restrain the ends. Lateral bracing to restrain C-sections from rotation was provided at mid-span. To better understand the influence of the brace connection on the bending behavior, an experimental investigation was carried out with particular emphasis placed on the study of the effect of the mid-span brace connection on the bending behavior, and the effect of attaching dry wall to the tension flange. For the dry wall test specimens, lateral bracing was also provided …
A Design Approach For Complex Stiffeners, Andrew T. Sarawit
A Design Approach For Complex Stiffeners, Andrew T. Sarawit
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.
Web Crippling Data And Calibrations Of Cold Formed Steel Members, R. M. Schuster, B. Beshara
Web Crippling Data And Calibrations Of Cold Formed Steel Members, R. M. Schuster, B. Beshara
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.
Simulation Of Temperature And Stress Fields During Rcc Dam Construction, Ronaldo Luna, Yongfu Wu
Simulation Of Temperature And Stress Fields During Rcc Dam Construction, Ronaldo Luna, Yongfu Wu
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The worldwide experience in the construction of roller-compacted concrete (RCC) dams together with the use of numerical solutions, allows the simulation of different scenarios in a computer. It is well documented that thermal control is one of the most important problems for RCC dam construction. The dam temperature changes due to the heat produced by the internal hydration of concrete and the environmental boundary conditions influencing the elastic modulus and creep properties of concrete. The construction process was simulated to study how the temperature and stress change during dam construction. The numerical methodology considers the effect of temperature on the …
Distoritonal Buckling Of Cold-Formed Steel Columns, Benjamin W. Schafer
Distoritonal Buckling Of Cold-Formed Steel Columns, Benjamin W. Schafer
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.
Ccfss Technical Bulletin August 2000, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures
Ccfss Technical Bulletin August 2000, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures
CCFSS Technical Bulletins (1993 - 2020)
No abstract provided.
Ccfss News August 2000, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures
Ccfss News August 2000, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures
CCFSS Newsletters (1999 - 2008)
No abstract provided.
A Design Guide For Standing Seam Roof Panels, American Iron And Steel Institute
A Design Guide For Standing Seam Roof Panels, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.
Improving Shear Capacity Of Existing Rc T-Section Beams Using Cfrp Composites, Ahmed Khalifa, Antonio Nanni
Improving Shear Capacity Of Existing Rc T-Section Beams Using Cfrp Composites, Ahmed Khalifa, Antonio Nanni
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This paper presents the shear performance of reinforced concrete (RC) beams with T-section. Different configurations of externally bonded carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets were used to strengthen the specimens in shear. The experimental program consisted of six full-scale, simply supported beams. One beam was used as a benchmark and five beams were strengthened using different configurations of CFRP. The parameters investigated in this study included wrapping schemes, CFRP amount, 90°/0° ply combination, and CFRP end anchorage. The experimental results show that externally bonded CFRP can increase the shear capacity of the beam significantly. In addition, the results indicated that the …
Effects Of Ozone/Hydrogen Peroxide Pretreatment On Aerobic Biodegradability Of Nonionic Surfactants And Polypropylene Glycol, Mehmet Kitis, Craig D. Adams, John Kuzhikannil, Glen T. Daigger
Effects Of Ozone/Hydrogen Peroxide Pretreatment On Aerobic Biodegradability Of Nonionic Surfactants And Polypropylene Glycol, Mehmet Kitis, Craig D. Adams, John Kuzhikannil, Glen T. Daigger
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Studies were conducted which used the ozone/hydrogen peroxide (O3/H2O2) advanced oxidation process to pretreat three classes of compounds prior to aerobic biological treatment. The study compounds included ethylene oxide/propylene oxide (EO/PO) block copolymers, polypropylene glycols (PPGs), linear secondary alcoholethoxylates (LSAES), and alkylphenolethoxylates (APEs). After preoxidation with ozone and hydrogen peroxide (added at their stoichiometric ratio), 300 mg/L as COD samples were bioassayed in aerobic batch bioassays with a mixed liquor suspended solids concentration of 1500 mg/L. It was found that unoxidized polypropylated compounds (EO/PO block copolymers and PPGs) and LSAEs tended to be biorecalcitrant, …
Monitoring Precursor 16s Rrnas Of Acinetobacter Spp. In Activated Sludge Wastewater Treatment Systems, Daniel B. Oerther, Jakob Pernthaler, Andreas Schramm, Rudolf Amann, Lutgarde M. Raskin
Monitoring Precursor 16s Rrnas Of Acinetobacter Spp. In Activated Sludge Wastewater Treatment Systems, Daniel B. Oerther, Jakob Pernthaler, Andreas Schramm, Rudolf Amann, Lutgarde M. Raskin
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Recently, Cangelosi and Brabant used oligonucleotide probes targeting the precursor 16S rRNA of Escherichia coli to demonstrate that the levels of precursor rRNA were more sensitive to changes in growth phase than the levels of total rRNA (G. A. Cangelosi and W. H. Brabant, J. Bacteriol. 179:4457- 4463, 1997). In order to measure changes in the levels of precursor rRNA in activated sludge systems, we designed oligonucleotide probes targeting the 3' region of the precursor 16S rRNA of Acinetobacter spp. We used these probes to monitor changes in the level of precursor 16S rRNA during batch growth of Acinetobacter spp. …
Deformation In Concrete With External Cfrp Sheet Reinforcement, Joseph M. Tripi, Charles E. Bakis, Thomas E. Boothby, Antonio Nanni
Deformation In Concrete With External Cfrp Sheet Reinforcement, Joseph M. Tripi, Charles E. Bakis, Thomas E. Boothby, Antonio Nanni
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
A detailed experimental investigation of local and global deformations of tensile loaded, cracked, rectangular, concrete prisms reinforced with externally bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets was carried out. High and low modulus sheets were applied using three different thicknesses of epoxy interlayer between the sheet and concrete. It was found that the stiffness of the CFRP sheet had a dominant effect on global tension stiffening, whereas interlayer thickness had a dominant effect on local load transfer and damage formation. Thicker interlayers transferred load into through-cracked concrete over longer transfer zones, thereby increasing the spacing of subsequent cracks in the …
Destructive And Non-Destructive Testing Of Bridge J857 Phelps County, Missouri : Feasibility Study On Damage Detection Of Rc Structures Using Dynamic Signature Tests, Genda Chen, Xinbao Yang, Huimin Mu, Antonio Nanni
Destructive And Non-Destructive Testing Of Bridge J857 Phelps County, Missouri : Feasibility Study On Damage Detection Of Rc Structures Using Dynamic Signature Tests, Genda Chen, Xinbao Yang, Huimin Mu, Antonio Nanni
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This report presents the results of a research program aimed at investigating the constructability and effectiveness of externally bonded FRP strengthening systems for improving the flexural capacity of bridge decks and piers. The joint effort of two universities, industry, and a state DOT provided the premise for a successful outcome. Bridge J857 was constructed in 1932 and was scheduled for demolition in the fall of 1998 due to highway realignment. Two of the three solid reinforced concrete (RC) decks were strengthened using two FRP systems namely, near-surface mounted carbon FRP (CFRP) rods and surface bonded CFRP sheets. Bridge decks were …
Ccfss Technical Bulletin February 2000, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures
Ccfss Technical Bulletin February 2000, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures
CCFSS Technical Bulletins (1993 - 2020)
No abstract provided.
Local Bond-Slip Relationship For Frp Reinforcement In Concrete, Francesco Focacci, Antonio Nanni, Charles E. Bakis
Local Bond-Slip Relationship For Frp Reinforcement In Concrete, Francesco Focacci, Antonio Nanni, Charles E. Bakis
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The objective of this paper is to define a rigorous numerical method to calibrate parameters of a given local bond-slip relationship using experimental results of pullout tests, taking into account the distribution of the slip and bond shear stress throughout the bar. The proposed method involves finding parameters of a given bond-slip relationship, such that results of pullout tests can be predicted in terms of applied pullout force and consequent slip at the loaded end and slip at the free end. The method is applied to some experimental data, and the results are discussed. For the application of the proposed …
Ccfss News February 2000, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures
Ccfss News February 2000, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures
CCFSS Newsletters (1999 - 2008)
No abstract provided.
Estimation Of Restraint Forces For Z-Purlin Roofs Under Gravity Loads, American Iron And Steel Institute
Estimation Of Restraint Forces For Z-Purlin Roofs Under Gravity Loads, American Iron And Steel Institute
American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)
No abstract provided.