Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons^™

Application Of 3d Reconstruction Model In Inspection Of Bridge Apparent Defects, Xu Guangli, Li Shaoyong, Tang Jun, Liu Shuqi, Zhou Yin

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In view of problems such as low efficiency, poor accuracy, and imprecise three-dimensional (3D) location of defects in apparent defect inspection of bridges, this paper proposed a method for apparent defect inspection of bridges based on a 3D reconstruction model. By taking the indoor rectangular beam as the object, a three-dimensional bridge model was established, and its accuracy was verified. Then, based on the point cloud data derived from the model, a program was written in Python to realize the identification, measurement, and parameter derivation of apparent defects of bridges. Dade Bridge in Kunming, Yunnan Province was set as the …

Design And Construction Of Steel Caisson For Inclined Pilecap Of Beitstadsund Bridge In Norway, Yang Dingjun

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

At present, the underwater bridge foundation construction technology in China and abroad has been relatively mature, but the different geographical environments, hydrogeological conditions, the form of basic structure, and the available construction equipment lead to different construction schemes and technologies. The Beitstadsund Bridge in Norway is located near the Arctic Circle in central Norway and across the strait. In the design and construction of the deep-water steel cofferdam of the inclined steel pile cap for the bridge, the overall installation of the steel cofferdam was realized by setting the cofferdam support on the inclined steel pipe group, the overall positioning …

Study On Correction Method Of Cable Length Error In Construction Control Of Cable ⁃Stayed Bridges, Huang Gen, Chen Changsong

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to effectively correct the stay cable length error during the construction of the cable-stayed bridge, this paper proposed a correction method with the exposure of the sockets as the error control index and analyzed the influence of the elastic modulus, temperature effect, and anchor point coordinates of the cable on the cable length error from the perspective of construction control. Then, error correction was achieved by adjusting the position of the manufacturing cable length and the nut at the anchor end. The results of application in Jiayu Yangtze River Highway Bridge show that this method can improve the …

Analysis Of Mechanical And Deformation Characteristics Of Karst Tunnel Structure And Research On Treatment Technology, Huang Haifeng, Chang Zhenchao, Luo Junhui, Zhou Xiang, Ceng Fuquan, Tian Fapai

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Combined with the construction process of Nongmo Karst Tunnel on Du’an–Bama Expressway, this paper used Midas-GTS finite element calculation software to conduct numerical simulation research on the stability of surrounding rock and treatment structure of tunnel with karst caves on either side, analyzed the influence of tunnel excavation on the stress and deformation characteristics of surrounding rock and supporting structure, and probed into the treatment effect of biased wall and root pile on the treatment of karst tunnel. The results show that the surrounding rock at the bottom of the tunnel, the top of the composite foundation, and the top …

Effect Of Temperature And Light On Characteristics Of Asphalt Emissions, Zhu Xuwei, Tian Bo

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to study the effects of temperature and light on the characteristics of asphalt emissions, atmospheric pressure chemical ionization–time-of-flight mass spectrometer (APCI‑TOF MS) and electron impact ionization mass spectrometry (EI‑MS) were used to quantitatively characterize the composition information of PG 62-22 asphalt emissions at different temperatures (40–200 °C). The effects of different temperatures and light on total emission factor, SOA conversion factor, intermediate volatile organic compound (IVOC)/semi-volatile organic compound (SVOC) volume fraction, and aromatics volume fraction of asphalt emissions were studied. The results show that the components of asphalt emissions change with temperature, and the components are complex and …

Study On Triaxial Mechanical Properties Of Glass Fiber Reinforced Cement Soil In Short Age, Wang Wei, Dai Mengdan, Yu Wenjie

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to evaluate the improvement effect of fiber on the brittle damage of cement soil, a triaxial unconsolidated undrained (UU) test was carried out on glass fiber cement soil (GCS) with a curing age of 7 d and a mass fraction of glass fiber (GF) of 0, 2‰, 4‰, 6‰, and 8‰, respectively. The results show that: ① GCS retains the original strain softening characteristics of cement soil; ② For the same mass fraction of GF, the peak stress, peak strain, and residual strength of GCS samples increase gradually with the increase in confining pressure, but the brittleness index …

Study On Experimental Application Of Xinjiang Steel Slag In Cement Stabilized Base, Chen Wei, Yu Haiming, Li Qian, Huang Yong, Si Yi

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Based on the experimental study of Xinjiang steel slag in cement-stabilized base, the physical and chemical characteristics of steel slag were analyzed, and the unconfined compressive strength, splitting strength, and dry shrinkage performance of cement-stabilized steel slag and gravel mixture with different cement dosages (4% and 5%) and steel slag contents (30%, 40%, and 60%) were analyzed. The test results show that steel slag can be used as a good engineering aggregate in a cement-stabilized base, and with the addition of steel slag, the unconfined compressive strength and splitting strength of steel slag and gravel mixture are increased to varying …

Mechanical Properties And Micro Analysis Of Cement Stabilized Steel Slag Macadam Base, Wan Tianbao

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

With steel slag as coarse aggregate, cement-stabilized steel slag macadam base material was designed and prepared by selecting three kinds of cement dosage and three kinds of steel slag content. The mechanical properties of cement-stabilized steel slag macadam base were studied through compaction and unconfined compressive strength tests, and XRD and SEM microscopic tests were carried out to analyze the mineral composition and microscopic morphology of steel slag and mixture and clarify the internal mechanism of hydration product formation and microstructure and strength formation. The results show that the maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of cement-stabilized steel slag …

Analysis Of Influence Of Moisture Content ⁃Temperature Dual Factor On Mechanical Properties Of Red Clay, Wang Jiangtao, Bao Temenbaiyila, Yang Weiguang, Zhou Qi, Fu Helin

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Under the new climatic environment and engineering construction requirements, engineering problems involving red clay are becoming more and more prominent, and it is urgent to deeply grasp the mechanical and engineering properties of residual slope red clay. The typical red clay in Hunan Province was studied in this paper. Based on the unconsolidated undrained direct shear test, this paper studied the mechanical properties of residual slope red clay under the influence of moisture content and temperature, focusing on the most unfavorable conditions affecting the mechanical properties of red clay. The results show that: ① The shear strength of red clay …

Traffic Conflict Analysis Of Multila Neexpressway Based On Simulation, Ceng Yuekai, Zhou Tao, Chen Yazhen

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to prevent traffic accidents on multi-lane expressways, the VISSIM traffic simulation model was established based on three types of multi-lane traffic conflicts: mixed passenger and cargo type, separated passenger and cargo type, and separated main and auxiliary type. SSAM software was used to obtain traffic conflict data, and the form, quantity, and location of the conflicts were analyzed. The results show that traffic conflicts are the most under the mixed passenger and cargo type, which are mainly distributed in the upper 100 m range of the innermost lane, outermost lane, and deceleration lane. The traffic conflicts under the …

Risk Analysis Of Highway Nighttime Maintenance Operation Based On Sem, Fan Jinhua, Zou Leping, Qi Shaoren, Tian Zhen

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to analyze the factors affecting the risk of nighttime expressway maintenance operation and quantitatively assess the degree of influence of various factors on the risk of nighttime maintenance operation, this paper extracted five first-level indicators and 36 second-level indicators that affect the risk of operation through literature review, accident data, and questionnaire survey and built an evaluation system. The first-order and second-order confirmatory factor analysis models were constructed by using a structural equation model (SEM) based on 343 questionnaires of the nighttime maintenance operation risks. The results show that the driver factor has the greatest effect on the …

Study On Effectiveness Evaluation Method Of Expressway Drainage System In Rainy Area, Luo Datian, Li Jiayi, Zou Jingrong

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of expressway drainage systems in rainy areas and comprehensively analyze the factors affecting the effectiveness of drainage systems, this paper took the perfection of drainage system, stability of drainage facilities, and road traffic safety as the first-level evaluation index and six kinds of influencing factors such as the degree of integrity as the second-level index, and it put forward the evaluation criteria of the effectiveness of expressway drainage system in rainy areas. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to determine the membership degree of expert scoring through the trapezoid membership function, and …

Research On Crack And Permeability Characteristics Of Cement ⁃Modified Expansive Soil Under Dry ⁃Wet Cycles, Bao Guiyong, Xu Yangshaojun, Jiang Zhijie, Rong Hongliu, Wang Jinlong

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to study the engineering permeability characteristics of cement-modified expansive soil under dry and wet cycles, the mix ratio of cement-modified expansive soil was designed, and the orthogonal design test method was adopted. Image analysis software PACS, unconfined compressive strength test, and laboratory permeability test were used to study the crack development, strength attenuation characteristics, and permeability changes of cement-modified expansive soil under dry and wet cycle conditions. The results show that soil permeability and strength are greatly affected by the number of dry and wet cycles. Under the condition of dry and wet cycles, the moisture content of …

Crashworthy Perforated Square Steel Tube (Psst) Mailbox Support – Phase I, Robert W. Bielenberg, Cody S. Stolle, Ronald K. Faller

Nebraska Department of Transportation: Research Reports

Federal requirements have made it mandatory that safe mailbox support systems be designed to yield or breakaway whenimpacted by a vehicle. The Nebraska Department of Transportation (NDOT) has previously used a non-proprietary, U-channel post mailbox support that was evaluated at the Midwest Roadside Safety Facility (MwRSF) in the 1980's. NDOT desires that the mailbox support be updated to meet MASH 2016 TL-3 safety performance criteria and be redesigned to use perforated square steel tubing (PSST) for the mailbox support post.

The objective of this research project is to develop a non-proprietary mailbox support using PSST support posts that is MASH …

Transportation Infrastructure Needs In The Central Appalachian Basin To Support Core-Cm, Bryan Gibson, Robin Baskette, Doug Kreis

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

With demand for coal from the Central Appalachian Basin waning, coalitions and organizations throughout the region have sought to diversify the region’s economy. However, the potential exists to use coal and coal-based resources to produce new and innovative products and kick start economic growth in the basin. This includes carbon ore, rare earth and critical minerals (CORE-CM), other minerals, and waste streams. If the region is to take advantage of these economic growth opportunities, transportation infrastructure must be developed and maintained in a sound condition. Reliable roads, highways, and bridges provide rural areas with access to capital, labor, and markets …

Application Of Artificial Neural Network (Ann) In Development Of Prediction Models For Pavement Performance And Material Properties, Prashanta Kumar Acharjee

Civil Engineering Theses

This dissertation presents the development and application of Artificial Neural Network (ANN)- based prediction models for Dynamic Modulus (E*), Dynamic Shear Modulus (|Gb*|, Phase Angle (b), Soil-Water Characteristics Curve (SWCC) parameters, and International Roughness Index (IRI). The IRI prediction model considering climatic and traffic conditions of Texas with data from the Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) database with R 2 = 0.92 can be utilized by Local transportation agencies. An E* prediction model with three neurons, using 7400 data points obtained from 346 mixtures with R2=0.82 can bypass the need for laboratory tests. ANN-based |Gb*| and b prediction models were also …

A Data-Driven Method For Damage Detection In An Open Deck Steel Truss Railroad Bridge Under The Moving Train Load, Mahesh Pokhrel

Theses and Dissertations

Open-Deck (OD) steel truss railroad bridges are one of the most common types of railroad bridges in the United States. They are, however, significantly vulnerable to the dynamic effects of moving train load. In the long run, these dynamic effects cause fatigue damage to the structural members. The damage in most of the railroad bridges are monitored by visual inspections which are sometimes unreliable and inconsistent due to human error. This study explores the identification and classification of damage to an open deck railroad bridge from both time-domain (statistical features) and time-frequency domain features (Hilbert-Huang Transform) extracted through acceleration response …

Recognizing The Potential To Reduce Ghg Emissions Through Air Transportation Electrification, Julio Roa, Joseph Oldham, Marina Lima

Mineta Transportation Institute

California is aggressively moving forward with efforts to deploy zero-emission transportation technology to fight climate change, especially the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from the high-impact transportation sector. However, to date, the investments California has made with Cap-and-Trade funding have focused on ground transportation and some marine sources and not the aircraft at the over 140 airports in the state. Through a California-focused comprehensive GHG emissions analysis, this research project seeks to determine how RAM using electric/hybrid electric aircraft can provide new high-speed transportation for high-priority passenger and cargo movement within Fresno County and connections to coastal urban centers. Using VISION, …

Extending The Service-Life Of Bridges Using Sustainable And Resilient Abutment Systems: An Experimental Approach To Electrochemical Characterization Of Lightweight Mechanically Stabilized Earth, Fariborz M. Tehrani, Kenneth L. Fishman, Farmehr M. Dehkordi

Mineta Transportation Institute

Bridges are critical components of transportation infrastructure. This research addresses the need to extend the service life of bridges by improving the safety and reliability of bridge abutments and reducing their life-cycle cost and footprints. Mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) is a known strategy to enhance the economy and performance of bridge abutments. In addition, the application of rotary-kiln-manufactured lightweight aggregate backfills improves the performance of MSE bridge abutments with a leaner structural system. Such improvements include a reduction of structural demands due to a lower density, free drainage of granular materials, a high internal friction angle, less settlement with no …

Analysis Of Evolution And Morphology Of Urban And Road Networks: Case Study Lebanon-Nabatiyeh Area, Amal Al Ghorayeb, Adel Elkordi, Ghaleb Faour, Zeinab Jaber, Youssef Attallah

BAU Journal - Science and Technology

This study examines the morphology and evolution of urban and road networks and their relationship with topography in the Lebanon-Nabatiyeh area, by using GIS and remote sensing data. and calculate the annual urban growth percentage rate. The results reveal a clear relationship between the morphology of urban and road networks and their evolution over four periods, as well as the influence of the surrounding topography on their configuration. The study recommends that urban areas should be developed in areas with a slope range of 15º or more to improve the urban structure and infrastructure surrounding them. Understanding the evolution and …

Effectiveness Of Integrated Traffic Management Of Military Police And Traffic Police In Reducing Drive Speed N Arterial Roads: An Experimental Study, Teguh Patriot

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

The Indonesian National Police Traffic Corps (KORLANTAS POLRI) and the Army Staff and Command School (SESKOAD) conducted a joint study in early March 2023 to reduce the number of traffic accident victims by implementing traffic regulations by the Military Police and Traffic Police. One of the methods used by KORLANTAS POLRI is the installation of ETLE speed cameras on Jakarta toll roads, such as Cikampek, Jagorawi, Bitung, and others. At the end of 2022, 75 additional speed cameras had been installed on arterial roads in Jakarta.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness …

Alkali-Silica Reaction Mitigation Using Alternative Supplementary Cementitious Materials, Craig Newtson, Judit M. Garcia, Seyedsaleh Mousavinezhad

Data

Over the past few decades, Class F fly ash has been widely used in concrete as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) due, in part, to its ability to mitigate alkali-silica reaction (ASR). However, future availability of fly ash is uncertain as the energy industry shifts towards renewable sources, resulting in the closure of coal-burning power plants. Therefore, there is a growing need to find alternatives to fly ash that are both cost effective and environmentally friendly. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ground-granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), metakaolin, and a locally available natural pozzolan mined from a pumicite …

Accelerated Sulfate Attack Testing For Concrete, Craig Newtson, Seyedsaleh Mousavinezhad, William Toledo, Federico Aguayo

Data

Extensive research has been conducted on sulfate attack of concrete structures, however, the need to adopt use of more sustainable materials is driving a need for a quicker test method to assess sulfate resistance. Class F fly ash, which is a byproduct of coal combustion for electricity generation, has historically been used in concrete mixtures to improve sulfate resistance. However, environmental considerations and evolving energy industry has decreased its availability, requiring the identification of economically viable and environmentally friendly alternatives to fly ash. Another challenge in addressing sulfate attack durability issues in concrete is that the standard sulfate attack test …

Alkali-Silica Reaction Mitigation Using Alternative Supplementary Cementitious Materials, Craig Newtson, Judit M. Garcia, Seyedsaleh Mousavinezhad

Publications

Over the past few decades, Class F fly ash has been widely used in concrete as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) due, in part, to its ability to mitigate alkali-silica reaction (ASR). However, future availability of fly ash is uncertain as the energy industry shifts towards renewable sources, resulting in the closure of coal-burning power plants. Therefore, there is a growing need to find alternatives to fly ash that are both cost effective and environmentally friendly. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ground-granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), metakaolin, and a locally available natural pozzolan mined from a pumicite …

Accelerated Sulfate Attack Testing For Concrete, Craig Newtson, Seyedsaleh Mousavinezhad, William Toledo, Federico Aguayo

Publications

Extensive research has been conducted on sulfate attack of concrete structures, however, the need to adopt use of more sustainable materials is driving a need for a quicker test method to assess sulfate resistance. Class F fly ash, which is a byproduct of coal combustion for electricity generation, has historically been used in concrete mixtures to improve sulfate resistance. However, environmental considerations and evolving energy industry has decreased its availability, requiring the identification of economically viable and environmentally friendly alternatives to fly ash. Another challenge in addressing sulfate attack durability issues in concrete is that the standard sulfate attack test …

Investigating Disparities And Safety Equity In Pedestrian Nighttime Crashes In Michigan, Sia Isaria Mwende

Masters Theses

For the past eleven years (2011 - 2021) in Michigan, 76 percent of all fatal pedestrian crashes occurred at night. Over the same period, about 36 percent of pedestrian nighttime crashes were fatal or incapacitating (KA), while only 25 percent of daytime pedestrian crashes were fatal or incapacitating (KA). Previous studies suggest that, overall, poor neighborhoods and racial minorities are associated with more pedestrian crashes. With more fatal and incapacitating pedestrian crashes occurring at night, it is imperative to examine how these crashes are distributed by economic status and racial makeup. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the racial and …

Merging Multiple Existing Geotechnical Databases, Charlie Sun, Brad Rister, Eileen Grady

Kentucky Transportation Center Research Report

This report discusses a project undertaken by Kentucky Transportation Center (KTC) researchers to create a comprehensive geotechnical database for highway planning, design, maintenance, and repair. The project consolidated multiple geotechnical data sources into a unified database accessible to Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (KYTC) staff, enabling informed decision making and improving project outcomes. Databases were merged with great attention to detail, ensuring data integrity and coherence. A geotechnical data collector app developed as part of the project supports convenient and efficient data collection in the field, even when phones or tablets lack network connectivity. A rockfall rating app and landslide hazard rating …

Tandem Crane Lifts Of Long Span Ppcgs Case Study, Giovana Sousa

Construction Management

The goal of this research is to compile the data from tandem crane lifts, specifically of long span girders, to determine the proper configuration for this type of work. There have been numerous failed attempts at lifting long span girders, and these failures are all unique. Much of the findings until recently have tended to be job-specific and never became widely available for public knowledge. In learning about these cases and understanding the reasons for these failures, I hope to provide concise information so that future people can avoid repeating the same mistakes. The objective is to provide insight on …

Effects Of Admixes On The Compressive Strength Of Permeable Concrete, James T. Lyon

Construction Management

Compression tests were performed on three samples of permeable concrete to evaluate the effects of admixes on a conventional permeable concrete. The first mix served as the control, representing a standard permeable concrete sample. The second mix replicated the control but added a small amount of fiberglass, accounting for 0.5% of the cement's weight. The third mix again mirrored the control and incorporated the manufacturer's recommended amount of a water reducing admix known as "Reducer 555". The objective of testing the two new mixes against the control mix was to evaluate the potential increase in ultimate compressive strength. Four 6” …

Estimating The Impact Of Infill Housing On Reduction In Vehicle Miles Traveled, Peyton Marie Ratto

Master's Theses

Vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and its relationship with the built environment has been extensively studied. Most notably, five D variables of the built environment including density, diversity, design, destination accessibility, and distance to transit are the key variables included in this research to explain VMT generation from housing developments. This thesis uses prior research that developed robust statistical models and findings to create a framework to estimate VMT reduction affected by infill housing developed using incentives provided by the state compared to a regional comparator. The regional comparator is typically a suburban single-family housing development in the region. The models …