Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons^™

Corrosion-Induced Mass Loss Measurement Under Strain Conditions Through Gr/Agnw-Based, Fe-C Coated Lpfg Sensors, Chuanrui Guo, Liang Fan, Genda Chen

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this study, graphene/silver nanowire (Gr/AgNW)-based, Fe-C coated long period fiber gratings (LPFG) sensors were tested up to 72 hours in 3.5 w.t% NaCl solution for corrosion-induced mass loss measurement under four strain levels: 0, 500, 1000 and 1500 µ∈. The crack and interfacial bonding behaviors of laminate Fe-C and Gr/AgNW layer structures were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and electrical resistance measurement. Both optical transmission spectra and electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data were simultaneously measured from each sensor. Under increasing strains, transverse cracks appeared first and were followed by longitudinal cracks on the laminate layer structures. The spacing …

Assessment Of Smc Frames Under Different Column Removal Scenarios, Mariam Ehab, Mina Malak

Civil Engineering

Throughout the past decades, failure of structures threatening the lives of humans had been popular whether through structure failure due to human error such as Hyatt Regency walkway collapse, 1981, terrorist attacks on the American embassy attack in Nairobi, Kenya 1998 and the famous 9/11 attacks in 2001 and many more. As a result of these incidents, The Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) was developed concerning the progressive collapse issues by analyzing different types of structures under column loss and studying the overall structural behavior. However, the (UFC) didn’t scope on the local behavior of the structural components and its connection …

Performance Evaluation Of Lightweight Normal And Geopolymer Foamed Concrete Using Palm Oil Fuel Ash As Partial Replacement Of Binder, M .E. Alnahhal Ahmed

Student Works (2020-2029)

Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) have a detrimental effect on the environment and this had led many researchers to search for other alternatives in the form of sustainable cementitious materials. The depletion of natural resources and dumping the industrial by-products and waste materials are serious concern to our environment. This research focusses on the performance of using a palm oil industrial by-product, namely, palm oil fuel ash (POFA), as a partial replacement for OPC and fly ash (FA) in lightweight normal foamed concrete and lightweight geopolymer foamed concrete, respectively. Thus, using 10, 20, and 30% POFA …

Solar Powered Parking Lot Lights, Jordyn Taylor

Sustainability Conference

Solar energy is a renewable resource growing exponentially around the country over the past few decades. Solar energy works through the use of photo-voltaic cells, which work to convert energy from sunlight into electricity. This is done within solar panels, which are then connected to batteries for energy storage to use as needed. As production has increased over past decades, the cost for solar panel hardware and installment has thus fallen to meet consumer need. While most common implementations include solar panels attached to one’s home or solar panel ‘fields’ for charging entire towns, there has been a steady rise …

Liability Of The Structural Engineer: Establishing, Quantifying, And Managing Risks, Justin Thomas Ittmann

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Liability is an important topic to all practicing professionals—including practicing engineers. However, the topic of liability does not receive the necessary attention required relative to other professions. Further, engineers that desire to learn more about liability in relation to their practice do not have many university options within an engineering curriculum or from outside materials available to a non-legally trained engineer. The goal of the study is to provide a comprehensive overview of liability directed towards an intelligent practicing engineer, while avoiding unnecessary over-simplification of the material. This study initially provides an in depth survey of the legal standard of …

Why Are Residential Property Developers In Ireland Not Using Bim?, Bim Tudublin, Simon Burke

Capstone Reports

The aim of this paper is to establish the level of BIM adoption by larger-scale residential property developers in Ireland and investigate the benefits and challenges of implementing BIM for residential housing. While BIM is a relatively new concept in Ireland for housing, developers and investors in larger scale developments are beginning to recognize areas where BIM can add value to their projects. The research also indicates that while there is evidence of successful BIM implementation for housing resulting in savings in cost and time, widespread adoption is hindered by a lack of knowledge and skills, costs of implementation, lack …

Inspire Newsletter Fall 2020, Missouri University Of Science And Technology. Inspire - University Transportation Center

INSPIRE Newsletters

No abstract provided.

Final Report - Microwave Camera For Concrete Delamination And Steel Corrosion Detection, Chao Liu, Mohammad T. Al Qaseer, Reza Zoughi

Project SN-4

This project studied the capability of microwave methods to detect thickness of induced corrosion byproduct on rebars embedded into concrete, and also similarly embedded delamination. Three microwave methods used or investigated included microwave synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging method, microwave resonance method, and microwave nonlinear measurement. Wideband, low-frequency antennas including a double-ridged horn and a Vivaldi antenna were designed for achieving reasonable spatial resolution while being able to penetrate lossy concrete. Simulations and experiments were conducted for all of these investigations. For the rebar samples use, the results showed that the corrosion thickness was very small (~50 m) which seemed …

Final Report - Battery-Free Antenna Sensors For Strain And Crack Monitoring Of Bridge Structures, Yang Wang, Dan Li

Project SN-2

This project studies a wireless patch antenna as a novel strain/crack sensing technique for structural health monitoring (SHM). The strain/crack induced resonance frequency shift of the antenna can be wirelessly detected and utilized to estimate the surface strain and crack propagation. However, temperature fluctuation can generate some unwanted changes in resonance frequency and introduce significant noises in measurement. This project studies a thermally stable patch antenna sensor through both numerical simulations and laboratory experiments. Using a substrate material with a steady dielectric constant, a patch antenna sensor is designed to perform reliably under temperature fluctuations. In addition, a dual-mode patch …

A Comparative Study Of Cadworx Plant 2018 And Revit 2020 With Ez-Iso Add-In, For The Production Of Piping Isometrics, Bim Tudublin, Killian Lynch

Capstone Reports

BIM software evaluation and selection is a complex process. In this paper, a comparative study of Revit 2020 with Ez-ISO add-in, and CADWorx Plant 2018, was carried out. The aim of this study was to determine if a MEP contractor could consolidate software usage into one package, thereby reducing costs for pipework modelling and isometric production. A comprehensive evaluation was developed based on a literature review. A multicriteria decision-making method was used in conjunction with the software evaluation to ensure sound choices were made. An online survey of senior BIM professionals was conducted to validate the analysis and findings. The …

A Critical Appraisal Of Findings And Solutions To Overcome Erroneous Bim Model Production And Information Delivery Workflows, Bim Tudublin, Ryan Forde

Capstone Reports

There are many varying definitions of Building Information Modelling, all of which reflect its transformative capabilities and impact on the construction sector. BIM is an emerging technological and procedural shift within the AEC industry (Succar, 2009). BIM is not just a technological change, but also a procedural and workflow change (Charles Eastman, 2018). Despite the growth of BIM adoption and increasing levels of maturity regarding BIM standards, numerous issues still arise at a micro level during project execution. BIM invokes the need for workflows, frameworks and processes that imparts knowledge, heightens trust, increases efficiency and consistency while reducing fragmentation and …

A Critical Examination Of The Use Of Business Intelligence (Bi) In The Optioneering Of Generative Design Models: A Case Study., Bim Tudublin, Davitt Lamon

Capstone Reports

This research outlines the development of a generative des ign workflow for the architectural space planning of a 1,200 sq.m office located in Dublin, Ireland, and the application of statistical analysis and data visualisation for the optioneering of gen erated models. First, the paper defines a computational desig n model with the potential to generate a variety of office layouts, including circulation routes and desk locations. It then identifies three unique performance metrics that evaluate each design option. Finally, the study applies a multi objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) to explore the high dimensional design space of all potential options and …

Semi-Annual Progress Report #6, Missouri University Of Science And Technology. Inspire - University Transportation Center

Semi-Annual Progress Reports

No abstract provided.

Final Report - A Training Framework Of Robotic Operation And Image Analysis For Decision-Making In Bridge Inspection And Preservation, Ruwen Qin, Genda Chen, Zhaozheng Yin, Muhammad Monjurul Karim, Tianyi Zhao, Suzanna Long, Sushil J. Louis

Project WD-1

This project aims to create a framework of training engineers and policy makers on robotic operation and image analysis for the inspection and preservation of transportation infrastructure. This framework includes a method for camera-based bridge inspection data collection, algorithms for data processing and pattern recognitions, and tools for inspection and preservation decision-making. Specifically, a Siamese Neural Network was developed to support bridge engineers in analyzing big video data. The network was initially trained by one-shot learning and fine-tuned iteratively with human in the loop. The neural network algorithm retrieved all related regions from the video based on the regions of …

Inspire Newsletter Spring 2020, Missouri University Of Science And Technology. Inspire - University Transportation Center

INSPIRE Newsletters

No abstract provided.

A Training Framework Of Robotic Operation And Image Analysis For Decision-Making In Bridge Inspection And Preservation, Ruwen Qin, Genda Chen, Suzanna Long, Zhaozheng Yin, Sushil Louis, Muhammad Monjurul Karim, Tianyi Zhao

Project WD-1

This project aims to create a framework of training engineers and policy makers on robotic operation and image analysis for the inspection and preservation of transportation infrastructure. Specifically, it develops the method for collecting camera-based bridge inspection data and the algorithms for data processing and pattern recognitions; and it creates tools for assisting users on visually analyzing the processed image data and recognized patterns for inspection and preservation decision-making.

The project first developed a Siamese Neural Network to support bridge engineers in analyzing big video data. The network was initially trained by one-shot learning and is fine-tuned iteratively with human …

Bridge Resilience Assessment With Inspire Data, Iris Tien, Yijian Zhang

Project RR-1

This project proposed a methodology to assess the impact of corrosion on the performance of bridges. The combined analytical and numerical modeling of shear-critical and lap-spliced columns is detailed, and outcomes are verified with previous experimental test data. The impact of corrosion on risk is assessed through conducting fragility analyses. Results quantify the increase in failure probabilities of these structures, measured by increasing probabilities of exceeding defined damage states, with increasing levels of corrosion. Corrosion is found to have a larger impact on increasing probabilities of exceeding more severe damage states. Twenty percent mass loss of reinforcement increases the probability …

Experimental And Numerical Structural Assessment Of Transparent And Tinted Glass During Fire Exposure, A Vedrtnam, C Bedon, Maged A. Youssef, M Wamiq, Amer Sabsabi, S Chaturvedi

Civil and Environmental Engineering Publications

Transparency, illumination, aesthetic and energy requirements have considerably increased the use of glass in modern high-rise buildings. During fire exposure, fracture and shattering of windows and facades accelerate the spread and severity of fire, which increases the risk for the occupants and the amount of structural damage. This paper aims at analyzing the effect of non-uniform thermal gradients on the flexural capacity of ordinary glass panels. Both transparent and tinted glass panels are considered to account for widely-used glass compositions. The bending response of fire-damaged glass panels is experimentally explored considering different durations of thermal exposure. The thermal breakage due …

Civil Engineering Research In Ireland 2020: Conference Proceedings, Kieran Ruane, Vesna Jaksic, Bidisha Ghosh, Magdalena Hajdukiewicz, Ciaran Hanley, Niall Holmes, Jennifer Keenahan, Zili Li, Patrick Mcgetrick, Ted Mckenna, Mary Moloney, Vikram Pakrashi, Niamh Power

Publications

Civil Engineering Research in Ireland 2020: Conference Proceedings.

Holistic Resilience Quantification Framework Of Rural Communities, Amanda Melendez

Theses and Dissertations--Civil Engineering

Communities need to prepare for anticipated hazards, adapt to varying conditions, and resist and recover rapidly from disturbances. Protecting the built environment from natural and man-made hazards and understanding the impact of these hazards helps allocate resources efficiently. Recently, an indicator-based and time-dependent approach was developed for defining and measuring the functionality and disaster resilience continuously at the community level. This computational method uses seven dimensions that find qualitative characteristics and transforms them into quantitative measures. The proposed framework is used to study the resilience of rural communities’ subject to severe flooding events. Harlan County in the Appalachian region is …

A Review Of The Second Level Construction Studies Syllabus In Ireland: In Response To A Changing Technological Environment Promoting Digital Construction, Bim Tudublin, Nigel Wearen

Capstone Reports

The zeitgeist of Construction Studies ought to adopt digital construction and work practises. However, legacy is slow to change/adapt, and a lack of awareness persists. From the perspective of the continuing legacy (vocational training) of Construction Studies being linked with industry, this research explores how the subject could evolve to deliver new digital skill sets and to meet the demands of the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) sector.A pilot study was undertaken with 24 Transition Year students. The method and content of the study was based on an existing model from the Design Engineering Construction in the UK and was …

Thermal Analysis And Post Construction Verification, Cormac Flood, Lloyd Scott

Articles

Purpose – The residential sector in Ireland accounted for 25 per cent of energy related CO2 emissions in 2016 through burning fossil fuels, a major contributor to climate change. In support of Ireland’s CO2 reduction targets, the existing housing stock could contribute greatly to the reduction of space-heating energy demand through retrofit. Approximately 50 per cent of Ireland’s 2m dwellings pre-date building regulations and are predominantly of cavity and solid wall construction, the performance of which has not been extensively investigated at present. Although commitment to thermal upgrade/retrofit of existing buildings may increase under future government policies, the poor characterisation …

3d Printing Reinforced Concrete Structures, Bryce Tyler Tafolla

Masters Theses

"This study aims to investigate a 3D printing method to directly incorporate continuous reinforcement into concrete structures. The ability to design and produce complex structures with optimized topographical configuration can be used to reduce potential material waste while maintaining the required structural strength. Furthermore, the ability to actively incorporate reinforcement into printed members substantially reduces potential labor requirements and eliminates the need to set up formwork.

The study began its initial approach with a manual extrusion process containing reinforcement to observe the necessary constraints required to achieve a printing system with this functionality. The second stage of development was designing …

Detailed Energy Efficiency Strategies For Converting An Existing Office Building To Nzeb: A Case Study In The Pacific Northwest, Ali Alajmi, Abby Short, Janna Ferguson, Kalina K. Vander Poel, Corey T. Griffin

Mechanical and Materials Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper is an attempt to identify a methodology for converting conventional energy consumption buildings to net-zero energy buildings (NZEB). The first step was rather different from the usual energy audit, which is to analyze a facility’s energy consumptions from both macro- and micro-scales. To implement such an approach, a governmental office building (Metro) in Portland, OR, was chosen as a case study. After a building model was validated against a real measurement, it was then used to evaluate different energy efficiency strategies (EESs) so as to reduce the energy consumption. The EESs showed a reduction in energy use intensity …

Peak Pressures On Low Rise Buildings: Cfd With Les Versus Full Scale And Wind Tunnel Measurements, Aly Mousaad Aly, Hamzeh Gol-Zaroudi

Faculty Publications

This paper focuses on the processes of wind flow in the atmospheric boundary layer, to produce realistic full-scale pressures for the design of low-rise buildings. CFD with LES turbulence closure is implemented on a scale 1:1 prototype building. A proximity study was executed computationally in CFD with LES that suggests new recommendations on the computational domain size, in front of a building model, apart from common RANS-based guidelines (e.g. COST and AIJ). Our findings suggest a location of the test building, different from existing guidelines, and the inflow boundary proximity influences pressure correlation and reproduction of peak loads. The CFD …

Progressive Collapse Assessment Of Post-Tensioned Reinforced Concrete Flat Slab Structures Using Aem, Amgad Mahrous, Mariam Ehab, Hamed Hadhoud

Civil Engineering

Progressive collapse is defined as the failure of a primary vertical element of a structure, which may result in the failure of adjoining elements, consequently, leads to a partial or total collapse of the structure. Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) and General Services Administration (GSA) guidelines used to assess the behavior of structures subjected to progressive collapse as a result of the loss of primary vertical support. For the current case study, numerical analysis is carried out for a typical ten-story reinforced concrete post-tensioned flat slab structure subjected to primary vertical element loss (corner column, edge column, internal column, edge shear …

Effects Of Supplementary Cementitious Materials On Early-Age Tensile Creep And Shrinkage Of Concrete, Lucas James Bucklen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Determination of early-age tensile creep properties is critical for the performance of mass concrete structures at an early age. Due to the stress relaxation that tensile creep induces in concrete structures, accurate quantification of creep deformation is needed to determine the stress profile of the structure. Conventional methods of measuring tensile creep include the direct tension test where the concrete is subject to constant tensile stress. This method requires large quantities of concrete with embedded strain gauges which can only be used once. In this paper, the tensile creep parameters of concrete are found by using the restrained concrete ring …

Seismic Performance Of Mechanically Spliced Bridge Columns Through Analytical Studies, Mathew Ray Lavoy

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Reinforcement continuity in concrete members is traditionally achieved through lap splicing. Mechanical bar splices are an alternative to traditional lap splices. Mechanical bar splices utilize mechanical devices known as bar coupler to connect the ends of reinforcing bars. Bar couplers are common in accelerated bridge construction applications at non-critical members but are not allowed in the plastic hinge region of bridge columns probably due to a lack of knowledge on how they affect seismic performance of columns. A comprehensive analytical study was carried out to determine how bar couplers used at the base of bridge columns affect: 1) column lateral …

Comparision Of Fillet-Welded Base Plate Fatigue Design For Highway Support Structures With Laboratory Research Tests, William Shea

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

There are many types of vertical structures along highways that serve unique purposes. These structures include traffic signs for directing, warning, or regulating traffic, luminaires for distributing and directing light, traffic signals supporting equipment such as traffic lights, and combination structures including any combination of the aforementioned structures. Highway support structures are typically fabricated from steel or aluminum and are designed to the guidelines and specifications of the AASHTO Standard Specifications for Structural Supports for Highway Signs, Luminaires, and Traffic Signals. The structures are connected to a foundation by anchor bolts through a welded base plate. Often a cause …

Applications Of Ultra-High Performance Concrete, Zachary Plevny

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

The main objective of this research paper is to determine the current applications of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). A second objective is to determine the reason UHPC is used in various applications. More than 17 bridges in the United States have been built with UHPC components. A handful of state departments of transportation have deployed UHPC components within their infrastructure, and many more are actively doing research and considering the use of UHPC. So, this is a relatively new material that is becoming more widely used. The following seven projects, which include UHPC components are discussed in detail: Mars Hill …