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Articles 361 - 390 of 4010

Full-Text Articles in Civil and Environmental Engineering

Investigation Of Micp Based 3d Printed Soils, Kathleen Weston May 2023

Investigation Of Micp Based 3d Printed Soils, Kathleen Weston

Civil Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

The advent of additive manufacturing, often called 3D printing, offers potential for new and more sustainable soil improvement techniques. Previous research at the University of Arkansas has examined Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) as a possible binder option that is a more sustainable alternative to Portland cement and can be used in remote areas where Portland cement may not be available. The objective of this research is to develop an increased understanding of the potential of utilizing MICP as a spray binding technique for applications in 3D printed soils. The specific goals of this research include: examining the effectiveness of …

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An Experimental And Numerical Investigation Of The In-Plane Shear Behavior Of Cantilever Cross-Laminated Timber Diaphragms, Bibek Bhardwaj May 2023

An Experimental And Numerical Investigation Of The In-Plane Shear Behavior Of Cantilever Cross-Laminated Timber Diaphragms, Bibek Bhardwaj

All Dissertations

This research focuses on investigating the behavior of Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) diaphragms under in-plane shear loads through an experimental, analytical, and numerical approach. Full-scale destructive tests were conducted on cantilever CLT diaphragms to measure their response to cyclic loading. The results showed that the ultimate capacity of the diaphragms was primarily influenced by the fasteners used and exceeded the LRFD capacity. The primary energy dissipation mechanism was through the slip of diaphragm components and rotation of CLT panels due to fastener deformations. The strain data revealed that the diaphragms exhibited deep-beam-like behavior, with resistance to tensile and compressive forces …

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Assessment Of Bridge Pier Response To Fire, Vehicle Impact, And Air Blast, Chen Fang, Qusai Alomari, Daniel G. Linzell May 2023

Assessment Of Bridge Pier Response To Fire, Vehicle Impact, And Air Blast, Chen Fang, Qusai Alomari, Daniel G. Linzell

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Highway bridges exposed to intentional or unintentional fire followed by combined vehicle impact and air blast are at risk of significant damage and, possibly, collapse. Limited studies examining the complex effects of these extreme demands on bridge support elements and parametrizing their response and damage are found in the open literature. Research that is presented is part of an ongoing numerical investigation examining round, multi-column, reinforced concrete (RC), bridge pier behavior subject to multi-hazard scenarios involving fire, vehicle impact, and air blast. Detailed nonlinear finite element analysis models of single columns and multi-column piers supported by a pile foundation system …

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Assessing Key Factors Influencing Fire-Induced Spalling Of Concrete Using Explainable Artificial Intelligence (Xai), Mohammad Khaled Gazi Albashiti May 2023

Assessing Key Factors Influencing Fire-Induced Spalling Of Concrete Using Explainable Artificial Intelligence (Xai), Mohammad Khaled Gazi Albashiti

All Theses

This thesis adopts eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) to identify the key factors influencing the fire-induced spalling of concrete and to extract new insights into the fire-induced spalling phenomenon. In this pursuit, an XAI model was developed, validated, and then augmented with two explainability measures, namely, Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) and Local Interpretable Model-Agnostic Explanations (LIME). The proposed XAI model not only can predict the fire-induced spalling with high accuracy (i.e., >92 %) but can also articulate the reasoning behind its predictions (as in, the proposed model can specify the rationale for each prediction instance); thus, providing us with valuable insights …

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Machine Learning-Based Data And Model Driven Bayesian Uncertanity Quantification Of Inverse Problems For Suspended Non-Structural System, Zhiyuan Qin May 2023

Machine Learning-Based Data And Model Driven Bayesian Uncertanity Quantification Of Inverse Problems For Suspended Non-Structural System, Zhiyuan Qin

All Dissertations

Inverse problems involve extracting the internal structure of a physical system from noisy measurement data. In many fields, the Bayesian inference is used to address the ill-conditioned nature of the inverse problem by incorporating prior information through an initial distribution. In the nonparametric Bayesian framework, surrogate models such as Gaussian Processes or Deep Neural Networks are used as flexible and effective probabilistic modeling tools to overcome the high-dimensional curse and reduce computational costs. In practical systems and computer models, uncertainties can be addressed through parameter calibration, sensitivity analysis, and uncertainty quantification, leading to improved reliability and robustness of decision and …

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Slo Botanical Garden Deck, Noah E. Demer May 2023

Slo Botanical Garden Deck, Noah E. Demer

Architectural Engineering

This project consists of the design and construction of an outdoor-use deck. This deck is to be located in the NE corner of the Sage Meadow at the San Luis Obispo Botanical Garden at 3450 Dairy Creek Rd, San Luis Obispo, CA 93405. This deck’s intended use is as a gathering area for people to congregate. Originally, the ideal deck area was proposed as 700+ square feet, but with further site and project limitations the final design was ~480 square feet. This deck has not been constructed.

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Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Project, Courtney Huitt, Cormack Williams May 2023

Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Project, Courtney Huitt, Cormack Williams

Civil and Environmental Engineering

Offshore wind is a developing industry in the Central Coast with the advent of the future offshore wind project planned off the north coast of San Luis Obispo County. This senior design project aligns with the recently leased wind energy project as a detailed study on the structural design, geotechnical design, and construction of a single 14 MW floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) located 40 km NW of Morro Bay (NOAA buoy 46028). A preliminary design of a spar FOWT is presented in this project as a solution to the rapidly increasing water depth off the coast of Morro Bay, …

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Fatigue Performance Of Flexural Retrofits For Precast Slab Bridges, Ian Stewart May 2023

Fatigue Performance Of Flexural Retrofits For Precast Slab Bridges, Ian Stewart

All Theses

This thesis discusses flexural and cyclic load testing of two potential retrofits for pre-cast slab bridges. These slabs came from South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT) decommissioned bridges as a part of an ongoing project with SCDOT. The first is a Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plate (CFRP) retrofit where four CFRP plates were adhesively bonded to the bottom of a slab. The second is a steel plate that was mechanically attached to the bottom of a slab using bolted connections. The bolts were cast into grouted holes in the slab. To better understand the failure mode of these retrofits and their …

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Understanding The Bond Strength Of Bcsa Cement Repair Concrete To Portland Cement Concrete, Brenden Simmons May 2023

Understanding The Bond Strength Of Bcsa Cement Repair Concrete To Portland Cement Concrete, Brenden Simmons

Civil Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

Concrete structures deteriorate over time, and there is an increasing demand for quick repair solutions. Belitic calcium sulfoaluminate (BCSA) cement, a type of rapid setting cement, is thought to be a more sustainable and convenient alternative to portland cement in repair concrete applications. Indicated by the name, rapid setting concrete can set up quicker than traditional portland cement concrete. Because of this, there has been a lot of research about the properties of rapid setting concrete mixes. One of the most popular topics is the strength of the concrete itself. However, there is a need for more research to understand …

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Science Club, Danielle Gibson, Krista Andersen Apr 2023

Science Club, Danielle Gibson, Krista Andersen

Honors Program: Expanded Learning Clubs

Honors After School program for elementary age children to engage with scientific principles. Students performed hands-on experiments to explore various STEM fields. Each weekly lesson consisted of a different concept to be learned or explored by early elementary aged students.

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Feasibility Study For A Continuous Mansfield Hollow State Park Multi-Use Path, Owen P. Spangler Apr 2023

Feasibility Study For A Continuous Mansfield Hollow State Park Multi-Use Path, Owen P. Spangler

Honors Scholar Theses

This report aims to design a pedestrian river crossing that connects the north and south ends of Mansfield Hollow State Park, utilizing both a new paved pathway and bridge construction. This report first uses GIS data to complete a feasibility study on pathway routing and cost. A preliminary route was selected based on grading and cost analysis. The requirements for constructing a multi-use pathway in the State of Connecticut were then explored, attempting to find a best-fit pathway alignment to accomplish that goal. Through a lengthy literature review, it was found that the pathway design would have to deviate from …

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Component Testing And Characterization Of An Innovative Pressurized Sand Damper For The Response Modification Of Structures, Konstantinos Kalfas Apr 2023

Component Testing And Characterization Of An Innovative Pressurized Sand Damper For The Response Modification Of Structures, Konstantinos Kalfas

Civil and Environmental Engineering Theses and Dissertations

This study is partly motivated by the need to develop sustainable energy dissipation devices that do not suffer from oil leakage due to failure of their end seals and from displacement limitations; and partly from the need to develop a robust damper that consists only of traditional civil engineering materials (sand and steel) in association with the use of post-tensioned steel rods with which practitioner civil engineers are familiar. Past failures of fluid dampers are both disruptive and costly, therefore not in-line with the current design paradigm of sustainable engineering, where the design and construction of structural systems shall meet …

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Inter-Wythe Slip Design Criteria For Non-Composite Insulated Walls, Abdelrahman Awawdeh, Fray F. Pozo-Lora, Marc Maguire Apr 2023

Inter-Wythe Slip Design Criteria For Non-Composite Insulated Walls, Abdelrahman Awawdeh, Fray F. Pozo-Lora, Marc Maguire

Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications

Non-composite insulated wall connector design is governed by ICC-ES AC320. This standard works entirely in the loading domain, asking the engineer to prevent connector failure due to tension and shear loading. In this paper, the authors discuss additional criteria related to thermal loading and out-of-plane wind loading that create displacement demand in the non-composite connectors. Loads suitable for such analyses are not well defined. Loads are assumed and demonstrated herein and shown to cause significant displacement demand on connectors. Limited non-composite wythe connector testing is available, and some results are presented here. A comparison indicates that outright failure of non-composite …

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Indirect Bridge Monitoring Using Crowdsourced Smartphone Data From Passing Vehicles, Jase Sitton Apr 2023

Indirect Bridge Monitoring Using Crowdsourced Smartphone Data From Passing Vehicles, Jase Sitton

Civil and Environmental Engineering Theses and Dissertations

Bridges become susceptible to deterioration and damage as they age and are subjected to continually increasing demands. Bridge inspections help insure the integrity and safety for service and are conducted on a regular, but usually infrequency, basis. Traditional evaluation methods include visual inspections and permanent sensor installations. Visual inspections are both time and labor intensive and often require bridge closure or service interruption, while cost and logistics complications often prevent practical, widespread deployment of permanent sensor installations. Sensors, including smartphones, in moving vehicles may be used to monitor bridge condition over time and provide valuable insight into the dynamic behavior …

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Design Of Wythe Connectors For Concentrated Out-Of-Plane Loading Of Insulated Walls, Ammar Al-Maabreh, Fray F. Pozo, Marc Maguire Apr 2023

Design Of Wythe Connectors For Concentrated Out-Of-Plane Loading Of Insulated Walls, Ammar Al-Maabreh, Fray F. Pozo, Marc Maguire

Durham School of Architectural Engineering and Construction: Faculty Publications

Partially composite concrete insulated wall panels must be designed to handle different types of loading, including out-of-plane concentrated loads. Currently, there is a lack of information that describes and helps engineers analyze the mechanics of axial load transfer for insulated wall panels for concentrated out-of-plane loads that may occur from lifting, handling, or floor/roof reactions. Such loading generates axial and shear forces in the wythe connectors, making it important to choose the type and quantity of connectors in the design process. This paper aims to develop a better understanding of out-of-plane point load mechanics on concrete sandwich wall panels. A …

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Using Thermal Remote Sensing To Quantify Impact Of Traffic On Urban Heat Islands During Covid, My-Thu Tran, Bo Yang Apr 2023

Using Thermal Remote Sensing To Quantify Impact Of Traffic On Urban Heat Islands During Covid, My-Thu Tran, Bo Yang

Mineta Transportation Institute

A three-month lockdown in the U.S. at the beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020 greatly reduced the traffic volume in many cities, especially large metropolitan areas such as the San Francisco Bay Area. This research explores the impact of transportation on climate change by using remote sensing technology and statistical analysis during the COVID-19 lockdown. Using thermal satellite data, this research measures the intensity of the urban heat island, the main driver for climate change during the urbanization process. The research team acquired morning and afternoon MODIS data in the same periods in 2019 before the pandemic and 2020 …

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Semi-Annual Progress Report #13, Missouri University Of Science And Technology Mar 2023

Semi-Annual Progress Report #13, Missouri University Of Science And Technology

Semi-Annual Progress Reports

No abstract provided.

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Probability Of Detection In Structural Health Monitoring, Genda Chen Mar 2023

Probability Of Detection In Structural Health Monitoring, Genda Chen

INSPIRE Archived Webinars

The fundamental concept of the probability of detection in structural health monitoring is introduced. The traditional Probability of Detection (POD) method as described in the Department of Defense Handbook MIL-HDBK-1823A for nondestructive evaluation systems does not take the time dependency of data collection into account. When applied to in-situ sensors for the measurement of flaw sizes, such as fatigue-induced crack length and corrosion-induced mass loss, the validity and reliability of the traditional method is unknown. In this 50-minute lecture, the POD for in-situ sensors and their associated reliability assessment for detectable flaw sizes are evaluated using a Flaw-Size-at-Detection (FSaD) method …

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Environmental Assessments On A Local Project, Robert Winebrinner, Trevor Wieseke, Summer R. Elmore, Alison Krupski, Mike Maurovich Mar 2023

Environmental Assessments On A Local Project, Robert Winebrinner, Trevor Wieseke, Summer R. Elmore, Alison Krupski, Mike Maurovich

Purdue Road School

This presentation will go through the environmental process of a recent $125M local project within Noblesville. What are the major differences between the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and State Environmental Policy Act (SEPA) process as it relates to an environmental assessment (EA)? What is required, what is not required, and what is optional? How long does the process take? Join us as we walk through this exciting process and experience.

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Additive Manufacturing Of Engineered Cementitious Composites With Ultra-High Tensile Ductility, Amir Bakhshi Mar 2023

Additive Manufacturing Of Engineered Cementitious Composites With Ultra-High Tensile Ductility, Amir Bakhshi

Civil Engineering ETDs

One of the critical factors in the development of additive manufacturing in the construction industry is designing suitable materials for 3D printing applications. 3D concrete printing (3DCP) has gained significant attention due to the abundance and availability of concrete. However, concrete is a brittle material and, without proper reinforcement, cannot meet the requirements for structural purposes. Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC), known for high ductility, and strain-hardening with low fiber contents, can potentially eliminate the need for steel reinforcement in 3D printing without any need for manual placement of reinforcement. A set of systematic tests on ECC mix designs' fresh and …

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Timber Box Header Using Bamcore Side Panels: A Senior Project Study, Jonathan Frank Herrera Mar 2023

Timber Box Header Using Bamcore Side Panels: A Senior Project Study, Jonathan Frank Herrera

Architectural Engineering

The purpose of this study was to begin development of a composite box header that was able to span long openings with minimal deflection. The headers in study were comprised of BamCore side panels, nailed top and bottom each face to a 2x6 top plate, and a header of multiple specified sizes. The 2x6 top plate and headers ranging from a 6x6 to a 6x12 were made up of Douglas Fir-Larch, No.1. Analysis was performed assuming 10d common nailing at top and bottom of the BamCore side panels. Initial analysis of a composite box header was performed and analyzed as …

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Gömböc The Great, Indigo M. Strickert, Lori E. Bradford Feb 2023

Gömböc The Great, Indigo M. Strickert, Lori E. Bradford

The Transdisciplinary STEAM+ Journal

A sonnet written about the mathematics behind the self-righting shape of some tortoise shells.

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Virtual Industry Visits, Cian Farrell Jan 2023

Virtual Industry Visits, Cian Farrell

Articles

Cian Farrell of Technological University Dublin describes a virtual educational approach trialled during the Covid-19 pandemic to engage students during a period of remote learning and educate them on industry processes and practices. Virtual industry visits saw students receive online briefings and tours of manufacturing plants and construction sites from industry representatives to complement their taught modules. The virtual visits have continued since Covid restrictions eased as part of a hybrid approach to learning that increases student exposure to real-life projects. The initiative won the Institution of Structural Engineers Excellence in Structural Engineering Education Award in 2022.

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Survey Data: Optimising Retrofitted Insulation For Irish Residential Building Walls, Rakshit D. Muddu, Aimee Byrne, Anthony Robinson Dr. Jan 2023

Survey Data: Optimising Retrofitted Insulation For Irish Residential Building Walls, Rakshit D. Muddu, Aimee Byrne, Anthony Robinson Dr.

Datasets

A survey was conducted to determine the preferred set point temperature and heating pattern among Irish households. The survey was sent to 237 people living across Ireland, out of which 32 respondents skipped the survey and 9 surveys were found to be incomplete. Amongst the counties in Ireland 71.1% respondents were from Dublin, 6.34% from Kildare, 5% from Meath, 5% from Wicklow and in all the remaining counties response rate was below 2%. Part 1: This section of the survey recorded information regarding characteristics of the building such as house type, wall type, insulation type, period the house was built. …

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How Can Visual Programing Be Used To Aid The Development Of A Structural Scheme Design Process Utilising Geometric Data Within An Architectural Revit Model?, Ed Carthy, Kieran Lakhera O'Shea Jan 2023

How Can Visual Programing Be Used To Aid The Development Of A Structural Scheme Design Process Utilising Geometric Data Within An Architectural Revit Model?, Ed Carthy, Kieran Lakhera O'Shea

Reports

The early-stage structural scheme design of a building is a complex task requiring the collection of multiple information categories such as geometry, loading and materials. The collection and review of this information is traditionally conducted in a 2D environment. This is inefficient, time-consuming, and tedious. This paper provides a review of how structural engineers’ understanding and implementation of BIM has evolved significantly in recent years, validated by extant literature in areas such as BIM automation, visual programming, and structural optimisation in the structural engineering sector. Structural engineers are growing more aware that BIM provides a vast repository of data to …

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A Deep Learning-Informed Design Scheme For Shear Friction At Concrete-To-Concrete Interface: Recommendations For Inclusion In Aashto Lrfd Guidelines, Tarutal Ghosh Mondal, Nikkolas Edgmond, Lesley Sneed, Genda Chen Jan 2023

A Deep Learning-Informed Design Scheme For Shear Friction At Concrete-To-Concrete Interface: Recommendations For Inclusion In Aashto Lrfd Guidelines, Tarutal Ghosh Mondal, Nikkolas Edgmond, Lesley Sneed, Genda Chen

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Recent advancements in construction technology have led to high-strength concrete and steel. However, these developments have depreciated the accuracy of the design equations in current provisions, which were based on normal-grade materials. To fill such a research gap, this study presents a novel deep learning-based computation scheme that can replace the current design provisions by virtue of its superior accuracy and reliability. The proposed approach exploits Neural Additive Models (NAMs) in which geometric and material properties associated with a normal weight concrete-to-concrete shear interface are inputted to individual neural network blocks. The outputs of the individual blocks are linearly combined …

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Inspire Newsletter Spring 2023, Missouri University Of Science And Technology. Inspire - University Transportation Center Jan 2023

Inspire Newsletter Spring 2023, Missouri University Of Science And Technology. Inspire - University Transportation Center

INSPIRE Newsletters

No abstract provided.

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Inspire Newsletter Fall 2023, Missouri University Of Science And Technology. Inspire - University Transportation Center Jan 2023

Inspire Newsletter Fall 2023, Missouri University Of Science And Technology. Inspire - University Transportation Center

INSPIRE Newsletters

No abstract provided.

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Nondestructive Evaluation Of Structural Defects In Concrete Slabs, Ehsanul Kabir Jan 2023

Nondestructive Evaluation Of Structural Defects In Concrete Slabs, Ehsanul Kabir

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Nondestructive testing (NDT) is a reliable method for determining the structural integrity of new and old construction and understanding the condition of structural defects. It is widely acknowledged that the interpretation of nondestructive evaluation (NDE) has a significant impact on the reliability and consistency of this technology. However, NDT data acquisition remains subjective and heavily dependent on the operator’s knowledge and expertise. As a result, there are still issues to be resolved regarding the imaging and diagnostic procedures for NDT-based concrete inspection. NDT methods such as ground penetrating radar (GPR), and impact-echo (IE), have been extensively used to inspect concrete …

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Deep Reinforcement Learning For Approximate Policy Iteration: Convergence Analysis And A Post-Earthquake Disaster Response Case Study, Abhijit Gosavi, L. (Lesley) H. Sneed, L. A. Spearing Jan 2023

Deep Reinforcement Learning For Approximate Policy Iteration: Convergence Analysis And A Post-Earthquake Disaster Response Case Study, Abhijit Gosavi, L. (Lesley) H. Sneed, L. A. Spearing

Engineering Management and Systems Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Approximate Policy Iteration (API) is a Class of Reinforcement Learning (RL) Algorithms that Seek to Solve the Long-Run Discounted Reward Markov Decision Process (MDP), Via the Policy Iteration Paradigm, Without Learning the Transition Model in the Underlying Bellman Equation. Unfortunately, These Algorithms Suffer from a Defect Known as Chattering in Which the Solution (Policy) Delivered in Each Iteration of the Algorithm Oscillates between Improved and Worsened Policies, Leading to Sub-Optimal Behavior. Two Causes for This that Have Been Traced to the Crucial Policy Improvement Step Are: (I) the Inaccuracies in the Policy Improvement Function and (Ii) the Exploration/exploitation Tradeoff Integral …

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