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Articles 3271 - 3300 of 4011

Full-Text Articles in Civil and Environmental Engineering

Ccfss News August 1995, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures Aug 1995

Ccfss News August 1995, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures

CCFSS Newsletters (1999 - 2008)

No abstract provided.

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Design Of Automotive Structural Components Using High Strength Sheet Steels Effect Of Strain Rate On The Structural Strength Of Cold-Formed Steel Hybrid Beams, Chi-Ling Pan, Wei-Wen Yu Jun 1995

Design Of Automotive Structural Components Using High Strength Sheet Steels Effect Of Strain Rate On The Structural Strength Of Cold-Formed Steel Hybrid Beams, Chi-Ling Pan, Wei-Wen Yu

CCFSS Library (1939 - present)

INTRODUCTION In cold-formed steel design, local buckling is one of the major design features because of the use of large width-to-thickness ratios for compression elements. For the purpose of determining the load-carrying capacity of automotive components, the effective width approach has been used. In view of the fact that the design criteria for effective design width included in the AISI Automotive Steel Design Manual 1 are based on the test results for static loading condition, an investigation was conducted at University of Missouri-Rolla from January 1988 through December 1991 to study the validity of these effective design width formulas for …

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Behavior Of Cold-Formed Steel Roof Trusses, Michael M. Harper, Roger A. Laboube, Wei-Wen Yu May 1995

Behavior Of Cold-Formed Steel Roof Trusses, Michael M. Harper, Roger A. Laboube, Wei-Wen Yu

CCFSS Library (1939 - present)

PREFACE To aid in adapting cold-formed steel to the residential market, a research project was initiated in 1993 at the University of Missouri-Rolla. Design issues relating to the use of cold-formed steel members and connections in residential roof truss systems were the focus of the project. The purpose of this research was to study the behavior of cold-formed steel roof truss systems and to establish appropriate design recommendations. Overall, the research findings were intended to aid the promotion of cold-formed steel as a safe, serviceable, and cost effective alternative in residential construction. The project consisted of a review of available …

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The Effect Of Flange Restraint On Web Crippling Strength Of Cold-Formed Steel Z- And I-Sections, Darryl E. Cain, Roger A. Laboube, Wei-Wen Yu May 1995

The Effect Of Flange Restraint On Web Crippling Strength Of Cold-Formed Steel Z- And I-Sections, Darryl E. Cain, Roger A. Laboube, Wei-Wen Yu

CCFSS Library (1939 - present)

PREFACE When considering the web crippling strength of a cold-formed steel member, the current edition of the AISI Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members does not distinguish between the behavior of a member having its flanges attached to a support member, and a member not attached to its support. To enhance the industry and design professional's understanding of web crippling, a study was initiated at the University of Missouri-Rolla to explore the influence of flange attachment. This research consisted of web crippling tests on identical specimens. The specimens were tested where either cross sections were attached to …

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Interaction Buckling Of Flange, Edge Stiffener And Web Of C-Sections In Bending, Colin A. Rogers, R. M. Schuster Apr 1995

Interaction Buckling Of Flange, Edge Stiffener And Web Of C-Sections In Bending, Colin A. Rogers, R. M. Schuster

CCFSS Library (1939 - present)

No abstract provided.

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Ccfss Technical Bulletin February 1995, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures Feb 1995

Ccfss Technical Bulletin February 1995, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures

CCFSS Technical Bulletins (1993 - 2020)

No abstract provided.

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Metal Stud Manufacturer's Association Catalog, Metal Stud Manufacturer's Association Feb 1995

Metal Stud Manufacturer's Association Catalog, Metal Stud Manufacturer's Association

CCFSS Library (1939 - present)

No abstract provided.

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Ccfss News February 1995, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures Feb 1995

Ccfss News February 1995, Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structures

CCFSS Newsletters (1999 - 2008)

No abstract provided.

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Thermal Design Guide For Exterior Walls, Steel In Residential Construction Advisory Group Jan 1995

Thermal Design Guide For Exterior Walls, Steel In Residential Construction Advisory Group

American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) Specifications, Standards, Manuals and Research Reports (1946 - present)

No abstract provided.

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Steel Deck Institute Design Manual For Composite Decks, Form Decks, Roof Decks, And Cellular Deck Floor Systems With Electrical Distribution, Steel Deck Institute Jan 1995

Steel Deck Institute Design Manual For Composite Decks, Form Decks, Roof Decks, And Cellular Deck Floor Systems With Electrical Distribution, Steel Deck Institute

Steel Deck Institute (SDI) Specifications and Manuals (1939 - present)

No abstract provided.

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Steel Deck Institute Diaphragm Design Manual Second Edition, Larry D. Luttrell Jan 1995

Steel Deck Institute Diaphragm Design Manual Second Edition, Larry D. Luttrell

Steel Deck Institute (SDI) Specifications and Manuals (1939 - present)

This manual has evolved from the first edition of the Steel Deck Diaphragm Design Manual (DDM01) and is based on research, testing and analysis done at West Virginia University since 1965. That work, sponsored by the Steel Deck Institute and its member companies, is under the direction of Dr. larry D. Luttrell who is the technical advisor to the Steel Deck Institute. The Institute is very grateful to Dr. Luttrell for his un~iring efforts and continued interest in this project.

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Ultrasonic Detection Of A Plastic Hinge In Bolted Timber Connections, David Pollock, Donald A. Bender, Don E. Bray, James T P Yao Jan 1995

Ultrasonic Detection Of A Plastic Hinge In Bolted Timber Connections, David Pollock, Donald A. Bender, Don E. Bray, James T P Yao

Faculty Publications - Biomedical, Mechanical, and Civil Engineering

Connections between structural members are critical elements that typically govern the performance of structural systems; hence, techniques for monitoring the condition of connections are needed to provide early warning of structural damage. Plastic hinge formation in fasteners frequently occurs in timber connections when the yield capacity is exceeded. An innovative pulse echo testing technique was developed for detecting the formation of a plastic hinge in bolted timber connections and estimating the associated magnitude of connection displacement. A shift in overall signal centroid proved to be the best flTedictor of plastic hinge formation, with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9. …

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Finite Element Studies On Lipped Channel Flexural Members, Maria E. Moreyra, Teoman Pekoz Oct 1994

Finite Element Studies On Lipped Channel Flexural Members, Maria E. Moreyra, Teoman Pekoz

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

This paper is second in a series of three papers describing the research sponsored by the American Iron and Steel Institute. Physical test results described in the first paper combined with the finite element solution parametric studies described in this paper were used in the third paper to develop improved design procedures for edge stiffened elements.

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Analysis And Design Of Continuous Sandwich Beams, Paavo Hassinen, Lassi Martikainen Oct 1994

Analysis And Design Of Continuous Sandwich Beams, Paavo Hassinen, Lassi Martikainen

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Sandwich panels are composed of two thin face layers and a lightweight core between them. Panels are used to carry large bending moments and axial forces, which capacity is reduced, if imperfections, for example initial deflections or transverse loads, appear in the face layers. At intermediate supports the panel is stressed by a high bending moment and, in addition, by a concentrated lateral support reaction. The strength against the simultaneous bending moment and support reaction depends on the bending stiffness and on the bending and buckling strength of the face and on the compressive strength of the core. The paper …

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A Design Procedure For Lipped Channel Flexural Members, Maria E. Moreyra, Teoman Pekoz Oct 1994

A Design Procedure For Lipped Channel Flexural Members, Maria E. Moreyra, Teoman Pekoz

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

This paper is third in a series of three papers describing the research sponsored by the American Iron and Steel Institute. Physical test results described in the first paper combined with the finite element solution parametric studies described in the second paper were used in this paper to develop improved design procedures for edge stiffened elements.

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Local Buckling Of Stiffened And Unstiffened Elements Under Nonuniform Compression, Venkatakrishnan Kalyanaraman, P. Jayabalan Oct 1994

Local Buckling Of Stiffened And Unstiffened Elements Under Nonuniform Compression, Venkatakrishnan Kalyanaraman, P. Jayabalan

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Thin plates subjected to linearly varying inplane compression in one direction may undergo local buckling before failure. An analytical procedure is presented for evaluating the local buckling strength based on which equations for the local buckling stress of unstiffened and stiffened elements are presented.

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The Compressional Behaviour Of Perforated Elements, J. Rhodes, Falk D. Schneider Oct 1994

The Compressional Behaviour Of Perforated Elements, J. Rhodes, Falk D. Schneider

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The behaviour of stub columns with a series of different perforation patterns is examined on the basis of tests. The tests concentrate on plain channel cross sections with perforation layouts systematically varied to examine the effects of perforation position, dimensions and number on the section performance. The application of existing cold formed steel design codes to perforated members is examined on the basis of comparison with the tests, and various modifications to the design codes are considered to take perforations into account These are described and the comparison with test results is illustrated.

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Fatigue Behaviour Of Cold-Formed Steel Sections, Dimos Polyzois, Glenn Morris, S. K. Hassan Oct 1994

Fatigue Behaviour Of Cold-Formed Steel Sections, Dimos Polyzois, Glenn Morris, S. K. Hassan

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

In the expected life span of a transmission tower, the members are subjected to a large number of alternating wind applications. Fatigue behaviour due to repeated loading must therefore be considered in design. This paper presents the fatigue-test results for 52 cold-formed steel members. The results obtained can be used to establish additional guidelines for fatigue design of cold-formed steel sections.

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Pallet Racking Using Cold-Reduced Steel, J. S. Cowen, J. Michael Davies Oct 1994

Pallet Racking Using Cold-Reduced Steel, J. S. Cowen, J. Michael Davies

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Codes of practice for the design of cold-formed sections have generally included a requirement for the coil material to possess a specified amount of ductility prior to forming. The scientific basis for such ductility requirements is shrouded in historical mystery but code drafting committees have been reluctant to remove these requirements in the absence of good reason. However, very low ductility steels have been used for the manufacture of cold-formed steel components for many years by the two leading UK manufacturers of storage racks without this lack of ductility giving rise to any problems during either manufacture or service. This …

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Residual Stresses In Cold Formed Steel Sections, G. Roy, Dimos Polyzois, M. A. Mohamedien Oct 1994

Residual Stresses In Cold Formed Steel Sections, G. Roy, Dimos Polyzois, M. A. Mohamedien

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Initial or residual stresses are considered one of the major factors that affect the design of the cold-formed steel sections, since they could reach 50% of the yield stress of the material. As part of a comprehensive experimental program on the use of cold-formed steel sections in transmission towers, an investigation on the magnitude and distribution of residual stresses in cold-formed steel sections was undertaken. The study involved 83 tests using two nondestructive methods, and two destructive methods, to determine the magnitude and distribution of residual stresses. The paper summarizes the results from this investigation and outlines a number of …

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Multiple Stiffened Deck Profiles, M. Sommerstein, R. P. Papazian, R. M. Schuster Oct 1994

Multiple Stiffened Deck Profiles, M. Sommerstein, R. P. Papazian, R. M. Schuster

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

CAN/CSA-S136-M89 and the AISI Specification on Cold Formed Steel Design use different methods to determine the effective width of multiple stiffened compressive elements when no local buckling in the sub-elements occurs. Both methods replace the multiple stiffened element with a flat plate element centered at the neutral axis of the multiple stiffened element. The methods differ in assigning an equivalent thickness to the straight line element. The AISI method provides sufficient thickness to match the moment of inertia of the multiple stiffened element, while the S136 method makes use of orthotropic plate theory, however, dealing only with the elastic buckling …

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Ultimate Behaviour Of Trapezoidal Steel Sheets In Bending, Raffaele Landolfo, Fredrico M. Mazzolani Oct 1994

Ultimate Behaviour Of Trapezoidal Steel Sheets In Bending, Raffaele Landolfo, Fredrico M. Mazzolani

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

A systematic analysis of existing trapezoidal steel sheets commonly used in the market is performed in order to compare their carrying capacity at the light of their ultimate behaviour. The complete investigation has been developed both from theoretical and experimental points of view. In this paper, the description of the experimental techniques, the numerical simulation of the obtained results as well as the exploitation of these data in order to check the codified design rules are reported.

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Stub Column Study Using Welded, Cold-Reduced Steel, L. Randy Daudet, K. H. Klippstein Oct 1994

Stub Column Study Using Welded, Cold-Reduced Steel, L. Randy Daudet, K. H. Klippstein

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The primary goal of the subject study was to investigate the behavior and load capacity of stub columns using cold-reduced, low-ductility steel versus un-reduced, normal-ductility steel. Specimens that were cold-reduced were also welded transversely across the entire stud cross section. Therefore, this study also yielded data with regard to the axial performance of welded studs. In addition, since stub columns were punched and un-punched, further conclusions can be drawn about the effect of a weld located at a web perforation. A total of 133 stub column tests were performed at the Dietrich Material Testing Laboratory in Hammond, Indiana, between December …

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Behavior And Failure Mechanism Of Composite Slabs, J. J. Roger Cheng, Michael C. H. Yam, E. B. Davison Oct 1994

Behavior And Failure Mechanism Of Composite Slabs, J. J. Roger Cheng, Michael C. H. Yam, E. B. Davison

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The behavior of a composite slab using a 636 deck profIle was investigated experimentally. Twenty-three one-way slab tests and twenty-four pull-out tests were performed. It was found that the behavior and shear bond load of the composite slab were significantly affected by the depth of the embossment shear key. The average shear stress from the pull-out tests was generally lower than that of the one-way slab tests due to a lack of the transverse load effects which influenced the frictional resistance between the concrete slab and the steel deck.

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Further Studies Of Composite Slab Strength, Angela S. Terry, Samuel W. Easterling Oct 1994

Further Studies Of Composite Slab Strength, Angela S. Terry, Samuel W. Easterling

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The results to date of a research program focusing on the strength of composite slabs are described. Full-scale experimental slab tests are compared to strengths calculated using the Steel Deck Institute Composite Deck Design Handbook. Based on the comparisons, recommendations are made for modifications to the calculation procedures.

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Local Buckling Of Filled Sections, Howard D. Wright Oct 1994

Local Buckling Of Filled Sections, Howard D. Wright

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The buckling capacity of plates in contact with a rigid medium is greater than that for free plates. Such plates occur in sections filled with a suitably stiff material. Classical analysis is used to compare restrained and free plates.

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Tests Of Thin-Walled Concrete-Filled Steel Tubes, Martin D. O'Shea, Russell Q. Bridge Oct 1994

Tests Of Thin-Walled Concrete-Filled Steel Tubes, Martin D. O'Shea, Russell Q. Bridge

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

Concrete filled tubes are likely to be economical with the use of very high strength concretes and thin-walled steel tubes. The strength of the steel tube is affected by local buckling effects which may also influence the confinement to the concrete infill. Very high strength concretes exhibit rapid unloading in the post-ultimate region. The strength of the composite column is not a simple superposition of strengths of the individual steel and concrete components. This paper describes the initial tests of an experimental program to determine the effects of local buckling on concrete filled tubes. Tubes with a diameter to wall …

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Axial Load Capacity Of Sheeted C And Z Members, Richard C. Kaehler, James M. Fisher, Neil J. Glaser Oct 1994

Axial Load Capacity Of Sheeted C And Z Members, Richard C. Kaehler, James M. Fisher, Neil J. Glaser

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

An equation is developed for calculating the axial load capacity of C and Z shaped members used in roof or wall systems. The equations were determined to be valid for through fastened metal decking but not standing seam roof decking.

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Tests Of Purlins With Concealed Fixed Sheeting, Michael Celeban, Chris Healy, Gregory J. Hancock Oct 1994

Tests Of Purlins With Concealed Fixed Sheeting, Michael Celeban, Chris Healy, Gregory J. Hancock

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

A test program on purlin-sheeting systems with concealed fasteners has been performed at the University of Sydney in a vacuum test rig. The test rig used a conventional vacuum box to simulate wind uplift. Z-section purlins were tested in three span lapped configurations, and as simple spans. The test purlins were supported by a range of bracing (bridging) members ranging from zero to two braces per span. In addition, a range of section slenderness values was used so as to precipitate both local buckling and yielding failures in the section. The purpose of the paper is to compare the test …

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Stainless Steel Tubular Joints - Tests And Design Of X- And K-Joints In Circular Hollow Sections, Anthony S. Hasham, Kim J. R. Rasmussen Oct 1994

Stainless Steel Tubular Joints - Tests And Design Of X- And K-Joints In Circular Hollow Sections, Anthony S. Hasham, Kim J. R. Rasmussen

CCFSS Proceedings of International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1971 - 2018)

The paper describes a test program on welded stainless steel X- and K-joints fabricated from circular hollow section brace members and chords. The X-joints were tested in compression and tension using three different ratios of brace diameter to chord diameter. The K-joints were tested using three different ratios of brace diameter to chord diameter and three different angles between chord and brace members. A total of 15 tests were performed. Design rules are proposed for X- and K-joints by adopting the rules of the CIDECT Recommendations for carbon steel tubular structures and replacing the yield stress in these recommendations by …

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