Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Structural Engineering

Institution
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 1681 - 1710 of 4011

Full-Text Articles in Civil and Environmental Engineering

Str-895: Moment Redistribution Of Gfrp-Rc Continuous T-Beams, S. M. Hasanur Rahman, Ehab El-Salakawy Jun 2016

Str-895: Moment Redistribution Of Gfrp-Rc Continuous T-Beams, S. M. Hasanur Rahman, Ehab El-Salakawy

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars have proven to be an excellent alternative to steel bars in many concrete structures such as parking garages and overpasses that are susceptible to harsh environments and consequently corrosion of steel reinforcement. In these structures, FRP reinforced concrete (FRP-RC) continuous beams are common members. Moment redistribution in FRP-RC continuous beams has not been well established yet because of the different characteristics of FRP bars such as linear-elastic stress-strain relationship and lower modulus of elasticity compared to conventional steel. Recent studies showed that redistribution of internal forces in Glass (G) FRP-RC continuous beams with a rectangular section …

Go to article

Str-906: Computer-Image-Based Loosened Bolt Detection Using Support Vector Machines, Young-Jin Cha, Kisung You, Wooram Choi Jun 2016

Str-906: Computer-Image-Based Loosened Bolt Detection Using Support Vector Machines, Young-Jin Cha, Kisung You, Wooram Choi

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Despite many contact-sensor-based methods have been proposed to monitor and detect structural defects, there are still difficulties compensating for environmental effects and malfunctions of attached sensors, which are main reasons for transmitting false signals. Moreover, regardless of releasing correct or incorrect signals, it eventually leads to human-conducted on-site inspections. In light of these shortcomings, vision-based inspections are considered as potential approach to overcome the explained issues. A number of vision-based methods for detecting damages from images have been developed. However, there are only a few vision-based methods for detecting loosened bolts. Thus, a computer-vision method for detecting loosened bolts is …

Go to article

Str-909: Flexural Behaviour Of Highly Composite Nonloadbearing Precast Concrete Sandwich Panels Nabi, Nabi Goudarzi, Yasser Korany, Samer Adeeb, Roger Cheng Jun 2016

Str-909: Flexural Behaviour Of Highly Composite Nonloadbearing Precast Concrete Sandwich Panels Nabi, Nabi Goudarzi, Yasser Korany, Samer Adeeb, Roger Cheng

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Precast Concrete Sandwich Panels (PCSP) are proposed as an enclosure of modern net-zero energy buildings as they provide high thermal insulation and efficient protection against moisture ingress. A new PCSP system has recently been developed that consists of two layers of insulation – a 51 mm Polystyrene foam panel and a grooved 25.4 mm Polystyrene board – sandwiched between two reinforced concrete layers tied together by novel Z-Shape Steel Plate Connectors (ZSPC). Some of these panels are enclosed at the top and bottom with concrete beams, commonly known as end-beams. The out-of-plane behaviour of PCSP is typically described as: fully …

Go to article

Str-898: Residual Axial Behavior Of Fire-Damaged Reinforced Concrete Columns, M. Monir A. Alhadid, Maged A. Youssef Jun 2016

Str-898: Residual Axial Behavior Of Fire-Damaged Reinforced Concrete Columns, M. Monir A. Alhadid, Maged A. Youssef

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Engineers need a simplified procedure to predict the residual axial capacity and stiffness of Reinforced Concrete (RC) columns exposed to a complete heating-cooling cycle. Finite difference heat transfer and sectional analysis models are developed to determine the axial behavior of such columns with various end-restraint conditions at different fire durations. The influence of cooling phase on temperature distribution and residual mechanical properties are considered in the analysis. The ability of the model to predict the axial behavior of the damaged columns is validated in view of related experimental studies and shown to be in very good agreement. A parametric study …

Go to article

Str-913: Non-Linear Finite Element Analysis Of Modified Infilled Steel And Concrete Frame Systems, Nabi Goudarzi, Mohammed Nazief, Yasser Korany Jun 2016

Str-913: Non-Linear Finite Element Analysis Of Modified Infilled Steel And Concrete Frame Systems, Nabi Goudarzi, Mohammed Nazief, Yasser Korany

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

To enhance the resiliency of framed structures under lateral loads, new infilled frame systems have been developed and evaluated using finite element method. The developed frame systems include haunches to reduce stress concentration at the frame’s corners under lateral in-plane loads thus improving the resistance of the infilled frame system. A previously developed and validated three dimensional finite element models based on the simplified micro-modelling technique were adopted in this study to investigate the behaviour of infilled steel and reinforced concrete frames under lateral in-plane loads. The investigated parameters include: the infill wall stiffness, the presence and size of haunches …

Go to article

Str-914: Reliability-Based Design Optimization Of Prestressed Girder Bridges, Yassin Taha Mashal Al-Delaimi, Elena Dragomeriscu Jun 2016

Str-914: Reliability-Based Design Optimization Of Prestressed Girder Bridges, Yassin Taha Mashal Al-Delaimi, Elena Dragomeriscu

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Prestressed concrete girder bridges are popular structures due to their simplicity of fabrication, speed of construction, ease of inspection, maintenance and replacement. Many design factors play an essential role in deciding the members’ dimensions, geometry, weights, and cost. This reflects the importance of developing optimization tools that provide cost-effective design by determining certain design variables to achieve the best measurable objective function under given constraints. However, in order to maintain appropriate safety levels while performing the optimization process, it becomes necessary to adopt a probabilistic approach that considers the uncertainties associated with the basic design variables. In this paper, a …

Go to article

Str-894: Bond Strength Of Ribbed-Surface High-Modulus Glass Frp Bars Embedded Into Unconfined Uhpfrc, Mahmoud Sayed-Ahmed, Khaled Sennah Jun 2016

Str-894: Bond Strength Of Ribbed-Surface High-Modulus Glass Frp Bars Embedded Into Unconfined Uhpfrc, Mahmoud Sayed-Ahmed, Khaled Sennah

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

High-modulus (HM) ribbed-surface glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars have recently been used in concrete bridge decks to avoid corrosion of steel reinforcement resulting from the use of de-icing salts in winter times in North America. Recently, prefabricated full-depth deck panels (FDDPs), made of normal strength concrete or high performance concrete and reinforced with GFRP bars, are used in Canada to acceleration bridge construction. The FDDPs are connected through panel-to-panel and panel-to-girder connections. These connections are filled with joint-filled cementitious materials as ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC). This paper presents the experimental program to investigate the bond strength of the …

Go to article

Str-920: Structural Behaviour Of Reinforced High Performance Concrete Columns Subjected To Monotonic Axial Loading, Ali E. Yeganeh, Khandaker M. Anwar Hossain, M. S. Anwar Jun 2016

Str-920: Structural Behaviour Of Reinforced High Performance Concrete Columns Subjected To Monotonic Axial Loading, Ali E. Yeganeh, Khandaker M. Anwar Hossain, M. S. Anwar

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

This paper presents the results of experimental and analytical investigations on the structural performance of high performance reinforced concrete (HPC) columns subjected to monotonic axial loading. Reinforced columns made of self-consolidating concrete (SCC), engineered cementitious composite (ECC) and ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) were tested to failure under axial loading. The test variables included concrete strength and length/slenderness of columns (classified as short and long columns). The UHPC and ECC columns demonstrated excellent ductility and higher energy absorbing capacity compared to their SCC counterparts. UHPC columns also illustrated higher ultimate load capacity compared to both ECC and SCC columns. The efficiency …

Go to article

Str-921: Effect Of Non-Structural Components On The Modal Properties Of Buildings Using Ambient Vibration Testing, Rola Assi, Suze Youance, Alexis Bonne, Marie-José Nollet Jun 2016

Str-921: Effect Of Non-Structural Components On The Modal Properties Of Buildings Using Ambient Vibration Testing, Rola Assi, Suze Youance, Alexis Bonne, Marie-José Nollet

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

This paper illustrates the effect of non-structural components on the variation of dynamic properties of buildings in the elastic range using ambient vibration testing. A six-storey reinforced concrete building that forms part of the École de Technologie Supérieure campus was studied. Ambient vibration tests were conducted on this building during its construction and once finished. Measured records at different floor levels served to extract the natural frequencies, mode shapes and damping ratios of the building. Values obtained for the studied building, both at bare frame and finished phases were then compared. Calculated differences in the natural frequencies of the building …

Go to article

Str-922: Impact Of Slenderness On The Seismic Response Of Rocking Frames In Ontario Nuclear Power Plants, Amitabh Dar, Dimitrios Konstantinidis, Wael El-Dakhakhni Jun 2016

Str-922: Impact Of Slenderness On The Seismic Response Of Rocking Frames In Ontario Nuclear Power Plants, Amitabh Dar, Dimitrios Konstantinidis, Wael El-Dakhakhni

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Canadian Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) are located on the eastern side of the North American continent, with the majority of them in Ontario. The Design Basis Earthquake (DBE), based on West Coast records, is prescribed in the Canadian nuclear standards. Seismic Probabilistic Risk Assessment studies of the existing plants consider time histories obtained from the latest research on the East Coast earthquakes as seismic input to the analysis. Although Canadian standards are silent about rocking response of unanchored objects, various industry guidelines and the standard ASCE 43-05 prescribe methodologies in this regard. Applications of a rocking frame in a NPP …

Go to article

Str-923: Fatigue Of Stud Shear Connectors In Steel-Precast Composite Bridges, Matthew Sjaarda, Taylor Porter, Jeffrey S. West, Scott Walbridge Jun 2016

Str-923: Fatigue Of Stud Shear Connectors In Steel-Precast Composite Bridges, Matthew Sjaarda, Taylor Porter, Jeffrey S. West, Scott Walbridge

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Modular bridge systems consisting of precast concrete deck panels connected to steel girders are becoming increasingly popular due to their rapid construction and optimal material utilization. The shear connection is a critical element of the system, having significant impacts on construction time, economic and environmental cost, structural integrity, and durability. Today welded shear studs are by far the most common type of shear connection. In steel-precast composite bridges, the studs are commonly grouped together so that the precast deck panels can be affixed to the girders by providing full depth “shear pockets” filled with grout. A laboratory beam testing program …

Go to article

Str-924: Effect Of Low Temperature On The Shear-Fatigue Performance Of Reinforced Concrete Beams, M. Mehdi Mirzazadeh, Martin Noël, Mark F. Green Jun 2016

Str-924: Effect Of Low Temperature On The Shear-Fatigue Performance Of Reinforced Concrete Beams, M. Mehdi Mirzazadeh, Martin Noël, Mark F. Green

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

This paper investigates the fatigue behaviour of a reinforced concrete beam (without shear reinforcement) at low temperature (-20°C) compared to a similar beam tested near room temperature (+16°C). Two large-scale steel reinforced beams (200 mm x 400 mm x 4200 mm) were fabricated and tested. The beams had temperature differentials over their depth to simulate solar radiation and in-service temperature of the bridges. The beams were cyclically loaded to failure with a stress range representing the ratio of live to dead loads found in most bridges. This study showed that low temperature increased the fatigue life of the reinforced concrete …

Go to article

Str-925: Bonding Behavior In Bridge Steel-Reinforced Elastomeric Isolators, Moein Ahmadipour, Farshad Hedayati-Dezfuli, M. Shahria Alam Jun 2016

Str-925: Bonding Behavior In Bridge Steel-Reinforced Elastomeric Isolators, Moein Ahmadipour, Farshad Hedayati-Dezfuli, M. Shahria Alam

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Steel-reinforced elastomeric isolators (SREIs) have been shown to be efficient devices to protect structures against moderate and severe earthquakes by isolating them from ground motions. Bridge elastomeric isolators, however, deteriorate when undergone repetitive loading cycles due to either earthquakes or traffic loadings. One major damage type observed dominantly in these devices is delamination or de-bonding between rubber and supporting plates and steel reinforcements, if cold-bonded. This paper investigates potential damage scenarios likely to occur in cold-bonded bridge SREIs. It also looks into bonding properties of rubber and steel in tension and shear, the two important functional characteristics of elastomeric isolators. …

Go to article

Str-926: Footfall-Induced Vibration: Prediction And Control Strategies, J. Shayne Love, Trevor C. Haskett, Aaron G. Gradeen Jun 2016

Str-926: Footfall-Induced Vibration: Prediction And Control Strategies, J. Shayne Love, Trevor C. Haskett, Aaron G. Gradeen

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Footfalls can produce vibrations that are irritating to occupants, or disruptive to vibration-sensitive spaces in hospitals and research laboratories. This paper describes, using case studies, techniques that can be used to predict vibrations, and mitigation strategies to control them. Firstly, pedestrian loading on footbridges is described. Stochastic simulations are conducted in which a number of pedestrians with random weights, walking speeds, and walking paths cross a bridge with random spacing. The resulting vibration response of the bridge is determined to estimate the peak acceleration of the bridge. For the case considered, tuned mass dampers (TMDs) were subsequently installed on the …

Go to article

Str-927: Shear Resistance Of Lightweight Self-Consolidating Concrete Beams, K. Sathiyamoorthy, Khandaker M. Anwar Hossain, A. Lotfy Jun 2016

Str-927: Shear Resistance Of Lightweight Self-Consolidating Concrete Beams, K. Sathiyamoorthy, Khandaker M. Anwar Hossain, A. Lotfy

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

This paper presents the shear behavior of lightweight self-consolidating concrete (LWSCC) beams without shear reinforcement compared to those made with normal weight self-consolidating concrete (SCC). The variables in this experimental and Code based study was shear span to depth ratio, concrete types and longitudinal reinforcement. The performance of LWSCC was compared with normal SCC beams based on load-deformation response, stress-strain development, and shear strength and failure modes. LWSCC beams showed lower post-cracking shear resistance and the shear strength of LWSCC/SCC beams increased with the decrease of shear span to depth ratio. LWSCC beams showed higher number of cracks and wider …

Go to article

Str-928: Shear Resistance Of Composite Beams Without Shear Reinforcement, Md. Saiful Hasib, Khandaker M. Anwar Hossain Jun 2016

Str-928: Shear Resistance Of Composite Beams Without Shear Reinforcement, Md. Saiful Hasib, Khandaker M. Anwar Hossain

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

This paper presents the shear behaviour of composite beams made of combinations of high performance concretes (HPCs) such as self-consolidating concrete (SCC) and ductile Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC). The variables in this experimental and Code based study was shear span to depth ratio, concrete types, longitudinal reinforcement and depth ratio (of ECC and SCC layer). The performance of ECC-SCC composite beams was compared with full depth normal SCC beams based on load-deformation response, stress-strain development, shear strength, failure mode, energy absorption capacity and aggregate-dowel action. The performance of American code in predicting shear strength of SCC beams including ECC-SCC composite …

Go to article

Str-929: Experimental Testing Of A New Hysteretic Damper For Base Isolated Bridges, Seyyed Behnam Golzan, Sébastien Langlois, Frederic P. Legeron Jun 2016

Str-929: Experimental Testing Of A New Hysteretic Damper For Base Isolated Bridges, Seyyed Behnam Golzan, Sébastien Langlois, Frederic P. Legeron

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

An experimental procedure was developed to implement a simplified design method of supplemental dampers for isolated highway bridges. For seismically base-isolated bridges subjected to an earthquake, the principal modes of the structure are in the isolation level which effectively lessens the seismic base shear conveyed from the superstructure to the substructure. However, this also has the effect of increasing superstructure displacement. To control the deformation of the isolators, supplemental energy dissipating devices can be introduced into the isolation system. This may nevertheless increase the total structure base shear and the merit of adding dampers has to be evaluated properly. In …

Go to article

Str-930: Cross Laminated Timber Walls With Openings: In-Plane Stiffness Prediction And Sensitivity Analysis, Md. Shahnewaz, M. Shahria Alam, Thomas Tannert, Marjan Popovski Jun 2016

Str-930: Cross Laminated Timber Walls With Openings: In-Plane Stiffness Prediction And Sensitivity Analysis, Md. Shahnewaz, M. Shahria Alam, Thomas Tannert, Marjan Popovski

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Cross-laminated timber (CLT) is gaining popularity in residential and non-residential applications in the North American construction market. An accurate quantification of in-plane stiffness of the CLT walls with openings is required to design a CLT structure subjected to lateral loads. Nevertheless, till today, no general approach is available for the design of CLT-members loaded in plane and there are no standardized methods for determining the stiffness of CLT shearwalls in the respective material design standards: the CSA O86 in Canada, and the NDS in the US. This study aims to quantify the stiffness of CLT walls with openings under in-plane …

Go to article

Str-931: Timber I-Joists With Web Openings: Reinforcement, Capacity Prediction And Sensitivity Analysis, Md. Shahnewaz, M. Shahidul Islam, M. Shahria Alam, Thomas Tannert Jun 2016

Str-931: Timber I-Joists With Web Openings: Reinforcement, Capacity Prediction And Sensitivity Analysis, Md. Shahnewaz, M. Shahidul Islam, M. Shahria Alam, Thomas Tannert

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Timber I-joists are a popular product in light-frame wood construction in North America. The design with timber I-joists, however, has not yet achieved the same level of refinement compared to reinforced concrete or steel structures. One of the reasons is that timber I-joists have higher variability in their material properties than more homogeneous building materials. Additionally, although very commonly applied in practice, engineers and practitioners have limited knowledge and guidance for I-joists with web opening. As a result, in many cases the design of timber I-joists based on manufacturer’s specifications lead to very conservative solutions. The present research predicts the …

Go to article

Str-934: Fatigue Response Of Uhpc As A Closure Strip Material In Prefabricated Bridge Applications, Benjamin D. Dow, Scott Walbridge, Jeffrey S. West Jun 2016

Str-934: Fatigue Response Of Uhpc As A Closure Strip Material In Prefabricated Bridge Applications, Benjamin D. Dow, Scott Walbridge, Jeffrey S. West

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Replacement of concrete bridge decks can be an expensive process. In order to decrease costs and time of construction, precast deck panels can be used with closure strips cast in place between the panels. In order to ensure that these connections can withstand the rigors of a bridge’s life cycle, fatigue testing was completed on a specimen consisting of two precast concrete panels reinforced with GFRP and connected using a UHPC closure strip. These panels were subjected to 2,000,000 cycles of fatigue loading at three locations and subject to static failure loading at one location following fatigue loads. It was …

Go to article

Str-937: Behaviour Of Frp-Reinforced Cfft Columns Under Axial Compression Loading, Asmaa Abdeldaim Ahmed, Radhouane Masmoudi Jun 2016

Str-937: Behaviour Of Frp-Reinforced Cfft Columns Under Axial Compression Loading, Asmaa Abdeldaim Ahmed, Radhouane Masmoudi

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

This paper presents the test results of an experimental study aimed at investigating the axial behaviour of CFFT columns internally reinforced with steel and FRP bars. A total of eight reinforced concrete (RC) and concrete-filled FRP tube (CFFT) columns were constructed and tested until failure. All columns had 1900-mm in height and 213-mm in diameter. The test parameters were: (1) internal reinforcement type (steel, glass FRP (GFRP), or carbon FRP (CFRP) bars) and amount, (2) GFRP tube thicknesses, and (3) nature of axial loading type (i.e. monotonic and cyclic). The experimental results revealed that the CFFT columns reinforced with GFRP …

Go to article

Str-938: Flexural Behaviour Of Rectangular Frp-Tubes Filled With Reinforced Concrete: Experimental And Analytical Investigations, Ahmed Abouzied, Radhouane Masmoudi Jun 2016

Str-938: Flexural Behaviour Of Rectangular Frp-Tubes Filled With Reinforced Concrete: Experimental And Analytical Investigations, Ahmed Abouzied, Radhouane Masmoudi

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

This paper presents experimental and analytical investigations on the flexural behaviour of rectangular concrete-filled fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) tube (CFFT) beams with steel rebar. Eight full-scale CFFT beams and two control reinforced concrete (RC) beams were tested under a four-point bending. Several parameters as the FRP tubes thickness, fiber laminates, and steel reinforcement were studied. The experimental results indicate outstanding performance of the CFFT beams in terms of strength and ductility compared to the RC beams. Some CFFT beams attained flexural strength and ductility 540% and 1430% higher than that of the RC beams, respectively. Theoretical analysis was developed to determine …

Go to article

Str-940: Parametric Simulation Of Roof Structural Snow Loads, Albert J. Brooks, Jill V. Bond, Scott L. Gamble, Jan C. Dale Jun 2016

Str-940: Parametric Simulation Of Roof Structural Snow Loads, Albert J. Brooks, Jill V. Bond, Scott L. Gamble, Jan C. Dale

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

While the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC) provides engineers with suitable snow loading guidelines for structural design, the strict application of the code may not lead to an optimized structural design. Generalizations have been made to ensure the applicability of the code to the majority of potential structures within Canada, which result in conservative estimates in certain situations. In particular, the interaction between region-specific prevailing wind directionality, climate and roof orientation are not accounted for. However, the development of advanced physical and numerical snow simulation approaches allows for the investigation of building-specific variables that affect snow loading. The Finite …

Go to article

Str-941: Numerical Investigation Of Reinforced Concrete Barriers Subjected To Blast Loading, Ahmed M. Ibrahim, Hamed M. Salem, Ahmed M. Farahat Jun 2016

Str-941: Numerical Investigation Of Reinforced Concrete Barriers Subjected To Blast Loading, Ahmed M. Ibrahim, Hamed M. Salem, Ahmed M. Farahat

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

People’s lives are threatened by explosions; the tragic terrorist attacks have forced the governments to consider the importance of dealing with these attacks. With the rising threat of terrorism, protecting critical civil infrastructure such as embassies, governmental buildings, and airports against bomb attacks has become a critical issue. In the current research, reinforced concrete barriers subjected to blast loading are numerically investigated using Applied Element Method “AEM”. The blast loads adopts the ASCE guidance for design of blast-resistant buildings in petrochemical facilities. Fully nonlinear dynamic analysis was considered where the barriers thickness and reinforcement, end connections were parametrically investigated. It …

Go to article

Str-942: Punching Shear Of Self-Consolidating Two Way Slabs, Hossameldeen Bakr, Amgad Hussein, Assem A. A. Hassan Jun 2016

Str-942: Punching Shear Of Self-Consolidating Two Way Slabs, Hossameldeen Bakr, Amgad Hussein, Assem A. A. Hassan

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

This paper presents an experimental program conducted to investigate the punching shear behaviour of self-consolidating (SCC) two-way slabs, and the influence of using different sizes of coarse aggregate and slab thickness on this behaviour. For this purpose, a total of six slabs were tested. Two groups of labs with targeted compressive strength of 30 MPa were used; for group A, 10 mm coarse aggregate size was used, and 20 mm coarse aggregate size was used for the slabs in group B. Each group consisted of three slabs with different thicknesses of 150, 200, and 250 mm. The results revealed a …

Go to article

Str-944: Effects Of Finite Element Modelling Approach For Prestressing System On The Pressure Capacity Of A Candu Containment Structure, I. Tavakkoli, M. R. Kianoush, H. Abrishami, X. Han Jun 2016

Str-944: Effects Of Finite Element Modelling Approach For Prestressing System On The Pressure Capacity Of A Candu Containment Structure, I. Tavakkoli, M. R. Kianoush, H. Abrishami, X. Han

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

The primary objective of this article is to investigate the response of a CANDU®1 nuclear power plant containment structure to a much higher internal pressure that could be encountered during a severe accident. In this study, for the prestressed containment structure, a detailed model is obtained by a full 3D model. Nonlinear finite element method is employed to predict the response of the structure using ANSYS software. The major challenges for modelling prestressing tendon elements are to accommodate parameters affecting prestressing forces. In previous research studies, the prestressing system is modelled using an equivalent pressure and tendon end forces, and …

Go to article

Str-946: Experimental Study On A Novel Shear Strengthening Technique For Precast Prestressed Hollow-Core Slabs, Xianzhe Meng, Shaohong Cheng, Amr El Ragaby Jun 2016

Str-946: Experimental Study On A Novel Shear Strengthening Technique For Precast Prestressed Hollow-Core Slabs, Xianzhe Meng, Shaohong Cheng, Amr El Ragaby

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Precast, prestressed hollow core (PHC) slabs are widely used in civil construction, typically as floor or roof in office and residential buildings as well as parking structures. Since the manufacturing process does not allow the installation of shear stirrups, shear resistance of PHC slabs relies solely on the shear strength of concrete itself. In some cases, the slab could possibly be subjected to concentrated load or line load caused by moving vehicles and cargos. Thus, shear failure is likely to occur at the region close to supports. Traditional remedies include choosing thicker slabs and filling the voids of PHC slabs, …

Go to article

Str-947: Column Retrofit By Plastic Hinge Relocation Using Advanced Composite Materials, Scott F. Arnold Jun 2016

Str-947: Column Retrofit By Plastic Hinge Relocation Using Advanced Composite Materials, Scott F. Arnold

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Advanced composite materials composed of carbon and glass fiber reinforced polymers, have been used to retrofit reinforced concrete columns for over two-decades. The original testing of these systems started in the late 1980’s and continues to the present day. The first tests, performed at the University of California at San Diego under the guidance of Professor Nigel Priestley, were focused on the use of unidirectional composites that were oriented in the transverse direction. The goal of many of the these tests was to essentially supplement the existing transverse reinforcement in order to change what would have been a premature shear …

Go to article

Str-949: Disturbance To Nearby Surface Structures Caused By Tunneling Induced Ground Displacements, Anna Maria Zakhem, Hany El Naggar Jun 2016

Str-949: Disturbance To Nearby Surface Structures Caused By Tunneling Induced Ground Displacements, Anna Maria Zakhem, Hany El Naggar

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

Damage to nearby surface structures caused by excavation-induced ground displacements is a major concern during excavation of tunnels in congested urban areas. Hence, developing a reliable numerical model for predicting the possibility of damage to nearby structures is needed. This paper presents the details of a comprehensive 3D finite element model developed to study the induced structural distortions of adjacent structures due tunneling activities. The proposed 3D model used the newly develop shotcrete material model in Plaxis to model the reinforced concrete elements of the tunnel. Utilizing the developed FE model the characteristics of the soil-structure interaction were studied and …

Go to article

Str-952: Rapid Bridge Replacement Of Concrete Rigid Frame Bridges Utilizing Heavy-Lift Construction Technique, Han Choi, Trevor Small Jun 2016

Str-952: Rapid Bridge Replacement Of Concrete Rigid Frame Bridges Utilizing Heavy-Lift Construction Technique, Han Choi, Trevor Small

Canadian Society for Civil Engineering

A rapid bridge replacement (RBR) method was designed and used for the replacement of the Highway 401 twin overpasses at Cornwall Centre Road in Cornwall, Ontario. This RBR project was the first heavy-lift and move of large, approximately 1400 tonne, reinforced concrete rigid frame bridges in Ontario. The new structures were prefabricated in staging areas near the sites and moved to their final locations by specialized heavy-lift construction equipment, comprising self-propelled modular transporters (SPMTs). For the westbound lane structure, a segmental approach where a top rigid frame component and two bottom footing components were constructed separately and connected at their …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last