Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons^™

Consequence Of Seawater Intrusion On Soil Properties In Agricultural Areas Of Nonthaburi Province, Thailand, Napaporn Phankamolsil, Kiattisak Sonsri, Yutthana Phankamolsil

Applied Environmental Research

Seawater intrusion associated with climate change and sea level rise (SLR) has been postulated for the last decade that causes negative impact on worldwide environmental resources. In Thailand, however; the information pertaining to its effect on soil properties in agricultural areas has not been clearly reported yet. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the seawater intrusion effect on soil properties in agricultural areas of Nonthaburi Province, Thailand. Five study locations, which anticipated to be affected by seawater intrusion, were selected based on the different distances from the Chao Phraya River. Soil morphological properties were recorded, besides undisturbed soil samples at …

Air Quality Indexing, Mapping And Principal Components Analysis Of Ambient Air Pollutants Around Farm Settlements Across Ogun State, Nigeria, Funmilola Oyebanji, Godson Ana, Opeyemi Tope-Ajayi, Adebayo Sadiq, Yahaya Mijinyawa

Applied Environmental Research

The focus of this study was to portray the spatial pattern of air quality across seasons in the eight sampled farm settlements using air quality indexes and assess the clusters of monitored air pollutants. The concentrations of air pollutants were determined using in-situ portable gas detectors and particulate counter. The AQI for each criteria pollutants (CO, O3, TSP, PM10, SO2, and PM2.5) was calculated using AQI formulae of the United States Environmental Protection Agency and mapped using the Inverse distance weighting (IDW) interpolation method in the Geographic information systems (GIS) environment. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to group the …

Treatment Of Iron From Groundwater By Ozonation: Influence Of Hardness As A Scavenger, Apiradee Sukmilin, Ratsamee Sangsirimongkolying

Applied Environmental Research

This study assesses the efficiency of using ozone technology to treat iron from groundwater while hardness acts as a radical scavenger. Batch experiments were conducted to determine the effects of initial pH 6, 7 and 8, and hardness of 300, 400 and 500 mg L-1 and kinetic analysis. The optimum conditions were found to be initial pH of 8 and hardness of 300 mg L-1. The removal efficiency of iron by ozonation was 99.97%, which was higher than that of air without ozone applied (83.67%). However, the presence of hardness and tert-butanol (TBA) had a negative effect on the …

Source And Distribution Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (Pahs) In Surface Sediment From Chalong Bay, Phuket, Thailand, Danai Tipmanee, Yada Patchim, Penjai Sompongchaiyakul

Applied Environmental Research

This study aimed to investigate the spatial distribution and apportionment of potential sources of the 16 US-EPA priority PAHs in surface sediments of Chalong Bay, Phuket, Thailand. A total 28 of sediment samples were collected from areas with high maritime activity in Chalong Bay, subjected to conventional high recovery Soxhlet extraction, purified with SiO2 column chromatography, and quantified by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). Total concentration of PAHs (Σ16PAHs) ranged from 31.15 to 1696 ng g−1 dry weight, with an average of 198.2 ± 318.5 ng g−1 dry weight. Binary diagnostic ratios plots were used to distinguish between petrogenic and pyrogenic …

Willingness To Pay For Improving Household Solid Waste Management In Vietnam, Phan C. Chinh, Nguyen T.Q. Hung, Nguyen M. Ky, Nguyen T.L. Ai, Nguyen M. Tam

Applied Environmental Research

Management of solid waste is a major challenge in urban areas of most parts of the world, especially in developing countries. The study aimed to determine and estimate the willingness to pay (WTP) of the selected households for the improvement of solid waste management in Vietnam. The research evaluated WTP of household solid waste in case studies in Bien Hoa and My Tho cities using contingent valuation method (CVM). The data were collected through a closed-ended questionnaire survey and interviews with 200 households. The results showed that the most willingness to pay was equal to 10,000 and 15,000 VND per …

Current Trends In Steroidal 17Α-Ethynylestradiol (Ee2) Removal From The Environment: A Review, Wasiu A. Abibu, Gafar Bamigbade, Amos O. Kolawole, Taiwo Ajayi, Abdul W. Sakariyau

Applied Environmental Research

Emerging contaminants have posed major environmental and health challenges to human and aquatic lives. They include pharmaceuticals, endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), persistent environmental pollutants and many more. EE2 is an example of an endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) increasingly gaining acceptance and used to augment the deficiencies of other reproductive hormones. EE2 constitutes environmental nuisance via discharge into aquatic bodies, thus, threatening aquatic lives and resulting in health defects in human. It is worthy of note that previous researchers have channeled their studies to identifying ways of expelling EE2 from the environment. However, they remain persistent in the environment. The current …

The Prospect Of Microwave Heating: Towards A Faster And Deeper Crack Healing In Asphalt Pavement, Shi Xu, Xueyan Liu, Amir Tabakovic, Erik Schlangen

Articles

Microwave heating has been shown to be an effective method of heating asphalt concrete and in turn healing the damage. As such, microwave heating holds great potential in rapid (1–3 min) and effective damage healing, resulting in improvement in the service life, safety, and sustainability of asphalt pavement. This study focused on the microwave healing effect on porous asphalt concrete. Steel wool fibres were incorporated into porous asphalt to improve the microwave heating efficiency, and the optimum microwave heating time was determined. Afterwards, the microwave healing efficiency was evaluated using a semi–circular bending and healing programme. The results show that …

Possibilities Of Using Silicate Rock Powder: An Overview, Claudete Gindri Ramos, James C. Hower, Erika Blanco, Marcos Leandro Silva Oliveira, Suzi Huff Theodoro

Center for Applied Energy Research Faculty and Staff Publications

This study evaluates the on use of crushed rocks (remineralizers) to increase soil fertility levels and which contributed to increase agricultural productivity, recovery of degraded areas, decontamination of water, and carbon sequestration. The use of these geological materials is part of the assumptions of rock technology and, indirectly, facilitates the achievement of sustainable development goals related to soil management, climate change, and the preservation of water resources. Research over the past 50 years on silicate rocks focused on soil fertility management and agricultural productivity. More recently, the combined use with microorganisms and organic correctives have shown positive results to mitigate …

An Analysis Of Suspended Sediment Dynamics In A Partially Mixed Estuary, Riyadh Hamad Muttaleb

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this work is to investigate via data analysis and numerical modeling the SPM (suspended particulate matter) dynamics of a heavily contaminated partially urban estuary, the Lower Passaic River estuary (LPR), NJ. Accordingly, I investigate the quantity and mechanics of variation of fine and coarse SPM in the LPR via data analysis. Data analysis focuses on the parameters that affect SPM dynamics at six moored stations occupied during the Fall and Spring seasons, from near the estuary mouth to tidal freshwater. A 3D hydrodynamic model (Delft3D-FM) is used to analyze the effects of estuary topography on the dynamic …

Volcanic Emissions And Atmospheric Pollution: A Study Of Nanoparticles, Erika M. Trejos, Luis F. O. Silva, James C. Hower, Eriko M. M. Flores, Carlos Mario González, Jorge E. Pachón, Beatriz H. Aristizábal

Center for Applied Energy Research Faculty and Staff Publications

The influence of emissions of an active volcano on the composition of nanoparticles and ultrafine road dust was identified in an urban area of the Andes. Although many cities are close to active volcanoes, few studies have evaluated their influence in road dust composition. Air quality in urban areas is significantly affected by non-exhaust emissions (e.g. road dust, brake wear, tire wear), however, natural sources such as volcanoes also impact the chemical composition of the particles. In this study, elements from volcanic emissions such as Si > Al > Fe > Ca > K > Mg, and Si—Al with K were identified as complex hydrates. …

Fluid Dynamics Modeling For Per- And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Removal In Legacy Fire Suppression Systems, Jacob G. Spaulding

Theses and Dissertations

Legacy per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) exist in the form of aqueous film-forming foams within hangar fire suppression systems throughout the country, posing a threat to both surrounding environments as well as local populations. The United States (US) Department of Defense (DoD), in conjunction with the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), is investigating best practices to flush out existing contaminants prior to disposal and replacement with a less environmentally harmful replacement. While current procedures dictate a triple rinse of the entire system to yield contaminant levels acceptable to the DoD, the practice has never truly been tested. Designed as a …

Improving Airfield Pavement Degradation Prediction Skill With Local Climate And Traffic, Evan M. Fortney

Theses and Dissertations

Airfield pavements are a critical component of the global transportation network that provide a platform for national defense. Preventative and corrective maintenance activities are founded upon accurate expectations of degradation. The leading pavement management software creates degradation predictions from pavement groups using age as the IV and current state conditions as the DV. For this work, a framework is created and implemented that utilizes a PCR model to build upon accepted practices for degradation modeling to enhance and possibly augment future prediction capabilities. The model was applied to pairs of location and pavement family and reveals several findings: the selected …

Comparing The Environmental Impacts Of Using Mass Timber And Structural Steel, Khang Hoang Nguyen, Steelee Knight Morgan

Construction Management

Although mass timber has seen a gradual rise in demand in the past, there has been a lack of extensive research on the environmental impacts of using mass timber as a primary structural framing material. This paper compares structural steel, and mass timber’s total embodied carbon emissions. Accurate estimates were made using plans and specs for different projects retrieved from semi-structured interviews. The estimates were input through the EC3 Calculator to provide extensive total carbon emissions measurements between each construction material. Using structural steel framing increased the project’s overall environmental impact by roughly 84% compared to using mass timber. The …

Climate-Informed Prediction And Forecast Modeling Of Installation Total Energy Consumption, Scott C. Weiss

Theses and Dissertations

Climate variability is an external and stochastic factor that causes energy demand uncertainty. Energy managers can use climate-based models to understand future trends of energy demand and to adjust operations, policy, and budgets accordingly. This research focuses on 1) identifying how climate attributes impact energy use, 2) creating a historically informed statistical modeling framework to skillfully predict energy use, and 3) forecasting future changes to energy use and costs, using CMIP5 temperature projections, at the campus level. After synthesizing the existing breadth of research on climate-informed energy modeling, a skillful, unbiased, climate-informed total energy consumption prediction model is developed for …

Evaluation Of Efficient Water Reuse Technologies For Sustainable Forward Operating Bases, Kelsie L. Crouch

Theses and Dissertations

A secure water source is essential to the resiliency and readiness of military installations and contingency operation locations, especially those located in the dry climates the US military operates in today. There are multiple issues of concern when identifying water sources, such as security, cleanliness, accessibility, and sustainability. Water resources pose a potential vulnerability to mission readiness in a remote, agile environment, such as a forward operating base (FOB). Having a secure water resource helps facilitate mission readiness in the contingency environment, offering the opportunity to be more resilient and cost-effective. Current water treatment technologies present the possibility to perform …

Conversion From Coal To Natural Gas At Wright Patterson Air Force Base: An Analysis And Case Study, Tyler A. Ferry

Theses and Dissertations

Over the last 20 years, natural gas has replaced coal as the preferred fossil fuel for heat and power generation across the United States, due to its increased prevalence, lower cost, and reduced environmental impacts. While most conversion decisions are driven by cost savings, proponents of energy transitions often cite emissions reductions as a tangential benefit. Over the same time, climate change and its impact on the environment and society have come to the forefront of scientific inquiry. One example of the transition from coal to natural gas can be found in Dayton, Ohio. Wright Patterson Air Force Base (WPAFB) …

Renewable Energy Generation And Ghg Emission Reduction Potential Of A Satellitewater Reuse Plant By Using Solar Photovoltaics And Anaerobic Digestion, Jonathan R. Bailey, Saria Bukhary, Jacimaria R. Batista, Sajjad Ahmad

Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction Faculty Research

Wastewater treatment is a very energy-intensive process. The growing population, increased demands for energy and water, and rising pollution levels caused by fossil-fuel-based energy generation, warrants the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy. This research explored the energy consumption offset of a satellite water reuse plant (WRP) by using solar photovoltaics (PVs) and anaerobic digestion. The analysis was performed for two types of WRPs: conventional (conventional activated sludge system (CAS) bioreactor with secondary clarifiers and dual media filtration) and advanced (bioreactor with membrane filtration (MBR)) treatment satellite WRPs. The associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions were also evaluated. For conventional …

Open-Field Scale-Model Experiments Of Fire Whirls Over L-Shaped Line Fires, Yuto Iga, Kazunori Kuwana, Kozo Sekimoto, Yuji Nakamura

Progress in Scale Modeling, an International Journal

This paper presents the results of open-field scale-model experiments of fire-whirl formation over line fires. L-shaped line fires were burned in crosswinds, and the processes of fire-whirl formation were observed. The flame height was measured using an image-processing technique, while two-dimensional velocity components were measured at two different locations using ultrasonic anemometers. Two tests were selected for comparison: test A, in which intense fire whirls repeatedly formed, and test B, in which no whirls were observed. In test A, the wind flow was bent by the fire plume, creating swirling flows near the burning area, thereby forming fire whirls. On …

Effect Of Reduced Plume Entrainment On The Burning Rate Of Porous Fuel Beds, Sara Mcallister

Progress in Scale Modeling, an International Journal

Large outdoor fires often exhibit unexpected fire behavior, particularly compared with much smaller fires. Understanding the difference between large- and small-scale fires is of importance for both fire behavior predictions and safety. Large fires are often characterized by very tall plumes that can extend to the stratosphere. Particularly as the actively burning area increases, plumes in large-scale fires likely entrain relatively little and may act in a similar fashion to a chimney. To explore the possible changes in burning rate due to the chimney effect, experiments were conducted with wood cribs burned with a chimney of variable height. The burning …

How A Low-Cost Method For Cumulative Water-Sampling Shows Need For Improvement Of Legal Public-Contact Standards In The United States, Samuel C. Kessler

Grawemeyer Colloquium Papers

Across the world, it is estimated that 4.5 billion people live near water sources “impaired” for use or contact. Standards for human-interaction are established by international organizations such as the WHO, and legislative bodies from national to local levels with jurisdiction over the quality of our waterways to ensure public & environmental health. Standards are often assessed from “grab-samples” taken from a waterbody at a certain time, with a minimum number analyzed. Water-quality standards in the United States are enforced under the Clean Water Act (CWA) via the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), applying to “waters of the United States” (WOTUS). …

T112, Pingxin Xia, Longtan Shao, Wen Deng

Stress-State Dependency of the Deformation Ratio of Quasi-Elastic Granular Soils under Cyclic Loading -- Raw Data

‘T’ series spreadsheets are the raw data of all tests. (The data in this series are overall stress and strain information).

Supporting information

Pf5, Pingxin Xia, Longtan Shao, Wen Deng

Stress-State Dependency of the Deformation Ratio of Quasi-Elastic Granular Soils under Cyclic Loading -- Raw Data

‘PS’ and ‘PF’ spreadsheets are the data of the prediction and calibration tests. (The data in this series are overall stress and strain information).

Supporting information

Dem, Pingxin Xia, Longtan Shao, Wen Deng

Stress-State Dependency of the Deformation Ratio of Quasi-Elastic Granular Soils under Cyclic Loading -- Raw Data

‘DEM’ spreadsheet is the simulation results. The test information of the numerical samples is included in it.

Supporting information

Pf Series, Pingxin Xia, Longtan Shao, Wen Deng

Stress-State Dependency of the Deformation Ratio of Quasi-Elastic Granular Soils under Cyclic Loading -- Raw Data

‘PS’ and ‘PF’ spreadsheets are the data of the prediction and calibration tests. (The data in this series are overall stress and strain information).

Supporting information

Pf6, Pingxin Xia, Longtan Shao, Wen Deng

Stress-State Dependency of the Deformation Ratio of Quasi-Elastic Granular Soils under Cyclic Loading -- Raw Data

‘PS’ and ‘PF’ spreadsheets are the data of the prediction and calibration tests. (The data in this series are overall stress and strain information).

Supporting information

T113, Pingxin Xia, Longtan Shao, Wen Deng

Stress-State Dependency of the Deformation Ratio of Quasi-Elastic Granular Soils under Cyclic Loading -- Raw Data

‘T’ series spreadsheets are the raw data of all tests. (The data in this series are overall stress and strain information).

Supporting information

T144, Pingxin Xia, Longtan Shao, Wen Deng

Stress-State Dependency of the Deformation Ratio of Quasi-Elastic Granular Soils under Cyclic Loading -- Raw Data

‘T’ series spreadsheets are the raw data of all tests. (The data in this series are overall stress and strain information).

Supporting information

T514, Pingxin Xia, Longtan Shao, Wen Deng

Stress-State Dependency of the Deformation Ratio of Quasi-Elastic Granular Soils under Cyclic Loading -- Raw Data

‘T’ series spreadsheets are the raw data of all tests. (The data in this series are overall stress and strain information).

Supporting information

Strain Field_X, Pingxin Xia, Longtan Shao, Wen Deng

Stress-State Dependency of the Deformation Ratio of Quasi-Elastic Granular Soils under Cyclic Loading -- Raw Data

‘Strain field_x’ spreadsheet is the radial strain information of all the nodes. The first two columns of data are location information of the node in pixel coordinates. The third column is the information recorded at the first time, the fourth column is the information recorded at the second time, and so on.

Supporting information

T134, Pingxin Xia, Longtan Shao, Wen Deng

Stress-State Dependency of the Deformation Ratio of Quasi-Elastic Granular Soils under Cyclic Loading -- Raw Data

‘T’ series spreadsheets are the raw data of all tests. (The data in this series are overall stress and strain information).

Supporting information