Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons^™

Novel High Resolution Columns For Gas Chromatography, Douglas Kenneth Stout

Theses

A study was conducted to determine if BN would be a reliable solid phase or support for open tubular capillary columns and to develop a technique for the deposition of BN on the column's inner walls. The theoretical plate results for constructed precoated BN columns demonstrated that BN can be employed as solid stationary phase, but evinces low separation characteristics due to the nature of the drawing process. The development of a simple BN precoating process was tested on various diameter capillary columns and found to provide an excellent support for highly polar liquid stationary phases. Capillary columns with a …

Groundwater Contamination Studies At A Sanitary Landfill In New Jersey, Yau-Chorng Chien

Theses

Edgeboro Landfill, a site used for the disposal of municipal and industrial refuse, is one of the largest landfills in New Jersey. The landfill has been in operation since 1954, serving the solid waste disposal needs of local townships and a major portion of Middlessex and the surrounding counties. The landfill was not equipped with a liner and a leachate collection system at the time of start up. The leachate collection line around the landfill, on-site leachate treatment by three stabilization ponds and subsurface cut-off wall were provided to minimize the discharge of leachate into adjacent waters in 1979. Groundwater …

The Degradation Of Trace Pollutants In Wastewater, Christine M. Cheng

Theses

The effect of different treatments on the degradation of chlorinated organic pollutants in wastewater has been studied. The model compound investigated was para-chlorophenol. The different treatments used were ozone, UV irradiation, ultrasound, air flow and pure oxygen.

It is concluded that ozone has the greatest effect, ozone-UV irradiation follows closely behind, and UV irradiation has much less of an effect in degrading the p-chlorophenol.

P-chlorophenol was found to have an immeasureably slow degradation rate when treated with air even at an elevated temperature of 55°C.

The oxygen, at room temperature, showed a degradation of p-chlorophenol which, although small, was much …

Steady-State Operation Of Bench-Scale Activated Sludge Process Using Phenol And 2-Chlorophenol As Substrates, Jeffrey Richard Caputi

Theses

Experiments were conducted to determine whether a continuous process similar to the common activated sludge process could be operated at a relative steady state with phenol and 2-chlorophenol as the sole carbon sources. After a number of unsuccessful trials, process conditions were developed which allowed for operation at a relative steady state with respect to the concentration of microorganisms in the reactor and the concentration of phenol and 2-chlorophenol in the effluent.

Phenol and 2-chlorophenol were removed at better than 99 percent efficiency on a continuous basis. The mixed liquor grown under the conditions of the experiment was highly filamentous …

Seepage Interceptor Drains And Topsoil Salinity, T R. Negus

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The Department of Agriculture established 121 trials in its Narrogin advisory district starting in 1972 to measure the effect of bulldozer and grader built seepage interceptor banks and drains on the topsoil salinity of the land downslope of them.

After 14 years of moniterin, there was no evidence that seepage interceptor drains and banks reduced the top soil salinity on 10 of the 11 sites in the Pingelly, Brookton and Wickepin Shires.

Mogumber Drainage Works Succeed, L K. Lenane

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The loss of arable farmland from soil erosion, waterlogging and salinity is a severe problem on some Western Australian farms.

When the arable land comprises only 40 per cent of the total area within the Mogumber Soil Conservation District, this loss is a real cause for concern. So too is the resulting damage to roads, siltation of railway culverts, and deaths of roadside trees from rising saline watertables.

However, drainage, contour and other works undertaken by the Mogumber Soil Conservation District have halted this degredation. Badly eroded areas that were fenced off now have a satisfactory ground cover. A wheat …

High Temperature Reactions Of 1,2-Dichloroethane With Water Vapor In A Tubular Reactor, Charles E. Anderson

Theses

This study examines the reaction of l,2-dichloroethane with water vapor. The linear-flow method is utilized, assuming plug flow without axial diffusion. Normal operation is at atmospheric pressure and the reactor is a quartz tube in a thermal region 45 cm in length. Two reactor diameters of 0.4 cm and l.05 cm are used. Water and l,2-dichloroethane enter the system in liquid phase via syringe pumps. After vaporizing in heated tubing, they are combined with argon, the reactor carrier gas. The molar ratio of water to l,2-dichloroethane is 55:l and varied residence times are achieved by changing the argon flowrate. Reactor …

Investigation Of Water-Binding Properties Of Industrial Sludges Using Thermal Analysis As A Monitoring Tool, Ron Josephson

Theses

As part of a program to develop new and more cost-effective dewatering approaches for industrial hazardous wastes, sludges and synthetic "model" materials were analyzed by thermal methods in an attempt to comprehend their water-binding qualities and differentiate free and bound water. These thermal methods included Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TG), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Industrial sludges and laboratory models were compared using both standard heating techniques and subambient cooling (to -60°C). This latter technique provides direct indication of the amount of free water. This information can be very useful in evaluating and improving dewatering techniques for industrial …

Analysis And Prediction Of The Water Temperature Of The Mckenzie River, Oregon Using The Equilibrium Temperature Approach, R. Peder Hansen

Dissertations and Theses

A one dimensional, steady flow, unsteady temperature model is used to evaluate the effects of two U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (COE) dams and resulting reservoirs on hourly water temperatures of the mainstem McKenzie River from Delta Park (RM 62.1) to Leaburg Dam (RM 38.8). Both COE projects are on tributaries to the McKenzie River and at present have only bottom withdrawl capabilities.

Water temperatures were simulated using the equilibrium temperature approach with air temperature used to estimate equilibrium temperature and also using computed hourly equilibrium temperature. Results obtained using computed equilibrium temperatures were less satisfactory than results using air …

Epa Regulation Of Mining Wastes Under Rcra And Cercla, Robert E. Walline

Getting a Handle on Hazardous Waste Control (Summer Conference, June 9-10)

9 pages.

The New Cercla Amendments—What Are They? What Do They Mean?, David R. Andrews

Getting a Handle on Hazardous Waste Control (Summer Conference, June 9-10)

35 pages.

Natural Resources Damage Litigation [Appendix], Michael Donovan

Getting a Handle on Hazardous Waste Control (Summer Conference, June 9-10)

80 pages (includes illustrations).

Contains references and historical notes.

Appendix contains 3 attachments:

1) Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, ("CERCLA"), 42 U.S.C. 9601 et seq. (1980)

2) National Contingency Plan, 40 C.F.R. Part 440, 50 Fed. Reg. No. 224, Part III (November 20, 1985)

3) Natural Resource Damage Assessments - Proposed Rule, Department of Interior, 43 C.F.R. Part 11, 50 Fed. Reg. No. 245, Part IV (December 20, 1985)

Review On The Administrative Record In Cercla Actions And Settlement Policy Summary, Stephen D. Ramsey

Getting a Handle on Hazardous Waste Control (Summer Conference, June 9-10)

50 pages.

Contains references.

Revised Definition Of Solid Waste, John D. Fognani

Getting a Handle on Hazardous Waste Control (Summer Conference, June 9-10)

15 pages.

The 1985/1986 Amendments To The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, And Liability Act: A Background Paper, Alan J. Gilbert

Getting a Handle on Hazardous Waste Control (Summer Conference, June 9-10)

20 pages.

Contains 2 attachments.

Agenda: Getting A Handle On Hazardous Waste Control, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Getting a Handle on Hazardous Waste Control (Summer Conference, June 9-10)

The conference chairman was University of Colorado School of Law professor Lawrence J. MacDonnell.

During the past ten years Congress has made the regulation of hazardous waste a priority. This conference focuses on the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, as amended in 1984, and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act.

This conference attracted about 100 registrants from 16 states plus the District of Columbia. John G. Welles, Regional Director for EPA Region 8, presented a luncheon address.

The New Small Quantity Generator Rules: Rcra Reaches Small Business, Hal Winslow

Getting a Handle on Hazardous Waste Control (Summer Conference, June 9-10)

16 pages.

Contains 1 footnote.

The 1984 Hswa Amendments: The Land Disposal Restrictions, James R. Spaanstra

Getting a Handle on Hazardous Waste Control (Summer Conference, June 9-10)

28 pages.

Contains references.

Reduction Of Hazardous Waste—Pay Me Now Or Pay Me Later, Frank B. Friedman

Getting a Handle on Hazardous Waste Control (Summer Conference, June 9-10)

8 pages.

Contains 1 attachment.

Colorado’S Hazardous Waste Program: Current Activities And Issues, Richard L. Griffith

Getting a Handle on Hazardous Waste Control (Summer Conference, June 9-10)

17 pages.

An Evaluation Of Rcra, David J. Lennett

Getting a Handle on Hazardous Waste Control (Summer Conference, June 9-10)

68 pages (includes 1 illustration).

Contains 1 page of references.

Contains 5 attachments.

Regulation Of Wastes From The Metals Mining Industry: The Shape Of Things To Come, Lawrence J. Macdonnell

Getting a Handle on Hazardous Waste Control (Summer Conference, June 9-10)

37 pages.

Contains 5 pages of endnotes.

Underground Storage Tank Regulations, J. Kemper Will

Getting a Handle on Hazardous Waste Control (Summer Conference, June 9-10)

17 pages (includes 1 illustration and 1 form).

Contains 3 pages of references.

Contains 4 attachments.

Air Pollutant Emissions From Non-Vented Radiant Kerosene Heater, Anil Kumar Mishra

Theses

Gaseous emissions from non-vented kerosene heaters can generate and create significant indoor air concentrations of various gaseous pollutants. Indoor air concentrations resulting from operating a portable non-vented radiant type kerosene heater in three rooms of size 38.7, 58.1 and 137 M³ were studied. Studies in the environmental chamber having a size of 38.7 M³ under two sets of ventilation conditions showed elevated levels of CO₂, total hydrocarbons and CO. An emission rate model was used to estimate the strength of pollutant source, for total hydrocarbons, CO₂ and CO with data reported in terms of mass …

A Study Of Hazardous Wastes Generated In New Jersey With Regard To The Siting Of Waste Disposal Facilities In The State, Shreerang Narayan Dharasker

Theses

The effective treatment and disposal of hazardous wastes is one of the most urgent problems facing the State of New Jersey today. New Jersey is the most densely populated state and is a leader in industry. Nearly every major industry in the nation is represented by one or many production units all of which generate copious amounts of hazardous and toxic wastes each year. Although the state has the toughest rules and regulations on the management of hazardous waste, there are very few options exercised or facilities cited for the effective treatment and disposal of wastes within the state boundaries. …

Biodegradation Of Mixed Phenolic Substrates, Prasad Gonnabathula

Theses

The biological degradation of phenol, with either 2-chlorophenol, 2,6-dichlorophenol, or nitrobenzene as cosubstrates was studied in aerated five - liter batch reactors using mixed liquor from the Passaic Valley Sewarage Commissioners wastewater treatment plant (Newark, NJ). The initial substrate concentrations were: 100 – 150 ppm phenol, 10 - 20 ppm 2-cp, 10 ppm 2,3 dcp, and 10 - 20 ppm nitrobenzene. The concentration vs. time data were fit to three kinetic models: zero-order, first-order, and Monod(assuming constant biomass). Most of the data were best fit by either the Monod or zero-order model. For all compounds tested, biodegradation was the primary …

Human Resources Planning In Construction Through Operations Research, Maria Pyla-Christodoulou

Theses

The purpose of this thesis is to examine different methods in the allocation of human resources in construction, using decision making through Operations Research. The methods described are divided into methods using mathematical models, and methods using heuristics. The mathematical models yield the optimum solution, while heuristics result in a satisfactory solution which can be improved by applying the optimization procedures described herein.

The human factor in construction is also examined, and methods of improving motivation among the construction workers are discussed.

The Effect Of Toxic Substances On The Index Properties Of Soils, Ronald Dicola

Theses

Contaminated soils were tested to determine if a relationship existed between their index properties and hydraulic conductivity. Atterberg Limit tests and Particle Size Analysis tests were performed on Woodbury, Raritan and Brunswick formation soils. The chemicals examined were Benzene, Phenol and Trichloroethylene (TCE). Tests were performed following the ASTM Standard Test Methods with only slight modification to accommodate the use of contaminated soils. Two different methods of soil contamination were used, one for chemical solutions and the other for pure chemicals.

Particle Size Analysis tests were performed both with and without dispersing agent. Hydrometer tests with dispersing agent resulted in …

Biodegradation Of Multiple Substrates In A Batch Reactor, Nilesh Naik

Theses

The biological degradation of multiple substrates was studied at room temperature in aerated 5-liter batch reactors using mixed liquor from the Passaic Valley Sewerage Commissioners wastewater treatment plant (Newark, New Jersey).

Two substrate mixtures were used (with initial concentration indicated in parenthesis): (1) phenol(100ppm) + nitrobenzene(10ppm) + 2,6-dichiorophenol(10ppm); (2) 2-chlorphenol(20ppm) + nitrobenzene(10ppm) + 2,6-dichlorphenol(10ppm). From concentration versus time data, kinetic rate constants for zero-order, first-order, and Monod models were determined. Most of the data were best fit by either the Monod or zero-order model. For all compounds tested biodegradation was the primary removal mechanism, and in many cases the rate …

Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Of Brunswick Soil With Aqueous Benzene Solution, Thomas R. Pisciotta

Theses

Tests measuring saturated hydraulic conductivity and dispersivity were conducted on Brunswick soil using an aqueous solution of benzene. The tests were performed using a flexible wall permeameter which was modified to allow extraction of effluent samples immediately upon exit of the test specimen. Influent and effluent samples were analyzed with a gas chromatograph in order to quantify dispersion and sorption in the specimen.

The test was performed using a confining pressure of 70 psi. and a hydraulic gradient of 100.3. Using a sample statically compacted to 99.2% of the Modified Proctor maximum density and tap water as a permeant, stable …