Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons^™

Predicted Vs Measured Initial Camber In Precast Prestressed Concrete Girders, Luke T. Freedle

Civil Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

Prestressing of concrete is the introduction of permanent internal stresses in a structure or system in order to improve its performance. Concrete is strong in compression but weak in tension. The tensile strength of concrete is approximately 10% of the concrete’s compressive strength. Prestressing strands helps counteract this by introducing compressive stress in the area that will experience tensile stress because of the service load. In precast prestressed concrete girders, strands are placed in the bottom flange of the girder. These strands are tensioned to approximately 75% of their ultimate tensile capacity. After placing the concrete and after the required …

Effects Of Wash Water On The Compressive Strength Of Concrete, Gabriel W. Cook

Civil Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

Due to the scale of concrete production throughout the world, there is potential for implementing methodologies that reduce the environmental impact of concrete processes. One intriguing solution is utilizing concrete wash water as mixing water. Concrete wash water is the water created by concrete production. If wash water can be reused, this would provide a safe disposal of the water and save millions of gallons of potable water per year (Indiana, 2014). For this to become a realistic option for concrete plants, it is important that the wash water does not decrease the compressive strength of concrete, otherwise the cost …

Effectiveness Of Small Strain Shear Wave Velocity As A Property For Assessing Damage Associated With Alkali-Silica Reaction In Concrete, Dillon K. Self

Civil Engineering Undergraduate Honors Theses

This research paper details the monitoring of expansion and shear wave velocity for fifteen concrete prisms cast in accordance with ASTM C1293 utilizing five mix designs with varying levels of ASR reactivity. Jobe sand and sodium hydroxide pellets were added in various quantities to increase the reactivity of the prisms. Strain measurements of the prisms were taken according to ASTM C129 and the shear wave velocity of the prisms was measured using ASTM C215. These measurements were taken weekly, then monthly for over a year. It was determined that shear wave velocity of the prisms decrease linearly as strain in …

Statistical Models Of I-15 Bridge C-846: Changes In Natural Frequencies Due To Temperature, Gilbert Nichols

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Structural Health monitoring is to determine the condition of a bridge based on instrument measurements. The C-846 Bridge in Salt Lake City has such instrumentation. The bridge is located in Salt Lake City at about 2100 South and Interstate 15. This bridge has two kinds of instruments on it: accelerometers and thermocouples. The accelerometers measure the vibrations of the bridge. The accelerometers have been recording data on the bridge since 2001. The thermocouples, which measure temperature, were added as part of this thesis in April 2016.

In light of recent research, damage may be detected from measuring the change in …

Developing A General Methodology For Evaluating Composite Action In Insulated Wall Panels, Jaiden Thomas Olsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Precast Concrete Sandwich Panel Walls (PCSPW’s) have been in use for over 60 years. They provide a very efficient building envelope for many buildings. Characteristic PCSPW’s comprise an outer and inner layer (or wythe) of concrete separated by an insulating material. To use all of the material as efficiently as possible, the layers are attached by connectors which penetrate through the insulating layer and are embedded in either concrete wythe. These connectors make it possible for both layers of the wall to work together when resisting loads. The connectors are made out of plastic, or FRP, to prevent heat transfer …

Impact Of Using Spatially Distributed Soils Information On Flood Hydrograph Simulation With Hec-Hms, Matthew J. Nelson

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Hydrologic rainfall-runoff models employ numerical equations to simulate the soil absorption of rainfall and resulting runoff. A number of methods have been developed to model these processes, but the parameters used to define these methods can be difficult to directly measure due to the variable nature of soil properties. They often rely on estimation of hydraulic and hydrologic parameters and calibration to produce accurate results.

A challenge with runoff method parameterization is the need for oversimplification using a lumped modeling approach. While distributed hydrologic modeling techniques are now available, distributed runoff methods are limited in use due to the tradition …

Smartvid.Io, Purdue Ect Team

ECT Fact Sheets Archive

The collection, organization, and retrieval of industrial media is a pervasive challenge that is especially glaring for companies in the AEC industry. Construction projects often generate large volumes of pictures & videos from the field for tracking progress and communicating between engineers, contractors, and subcontractors. It is not uncommon for field personnel to capture hundreds of photos per week on any given jobsite.

Smartvid.io is a cloud-based software solution designed for the specific needs of industrial media. The application’s internal deep-learning engines, collectively nicknamed VINNIE (for ‘Very Intelligent Neural Network for Insight and Evaluation’), use speech and image recognition to …

Hillman Composite Beam (Hcb®), Purdue Ect Team

ECT Fact Sheets Archive

The Hillman-Composite Beam (HCB®), is an innovative structural member for use in highway and railroad bridges as well as marine facilities. The HCB is essentially a lightweight reinforced concrete beam strengthened and protected by a corrosion-resistant and resilient Fiberglass Reinforced Polymer (FRP) shell.

The beam is comprised of three main components, a concrete arch (compression reinforcement), an FRP bottom flange encapsulating steel strands tying the ends of the arch together (tension reinforcement) and the FRP shell. Galvanized Rebar “shear connectors” are used to make the beam composite with the concrete deck in the same manner as pre-stressed concrete beams.

The …

Effects Of Tire Inclination (Turning Traffic) And Dynamic Loading On The Pavement Stress-Strain Responses Using 3-D Finite Element Modeling, Xiaodi Hu, Abu N.M. Faruk, Jun Zhang, Mena I. Souliman, Lubinda F. Walubita

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

In this study, ABAQUS finite element (FE) modeling in three-dimensional (3-D) loading mode was utilized to analytically investigate and quantify the effects of tire inclination and dynamic loading on the stress-strain responses of a pavement structure under varying loading and environmental conditions. The input variables for modeling consisted of actual laboratory and field data obtained from an in-service highway US 59 and included the in-situ pavement structure, material properties (i.e., modulus and shear strength), traffic, and climatic (i.e., temperature) data. Computational modeling and sensitivity analyses were conducted through variation of the following two input variables with a focus on the …

Ceas Student Center Expansion, Turner Solterman

Honors Theses

Western Michigan University has had a long-standing tradition of engineering excellence. To keep up with the modern culture and to maintain that Western will be on the forefront of universities providing an excellent engineering education, an expansion to the current CEAS building on the Parkview campus is necessary. Aptly named the CEAS Student Center Expansion, this project will be a space exclusively for student engineering groups to work in a space where collaboration across different engineering disciplines will be as easy as walking across the floor to talk to someone else. Through the floor plans of the different alternatives …

Industrial-Grade Monitoring Solution: Hoistcam, Purdue Ect Team

ECT Fact Sheets Archive

Safety and productivity are top priorities for contractors and industrial operations. Improving either makes a company more profitable and competitive. Technology advancements that can do both are important for every company to consider. HoistCam^TM industrial-grade video monitoring solutions can improve employees’ productivity and workplace safety in the construction industries. HoistCam also improves efficiency of operations and reduces job site accidents resulting in substantial cost savings to a contractor.

HoistCam™ is an integrated, wireless video system. The use of HoistCam eliminates blind lifts, blind spots and can share the live video with anyone, anywhere with solid security and easy control. …

Application Of Ground Penetrating Radar To Highway-Related Problems, Rauf Rejab Hussein

Theses and Dissertations

The Broadway Bridge, constructed in 1923, crosses the Arkansas River in the downtown area of Little Rock, AR and was the main crossing point between Little Rock and North Little Rock. The structural deterioration of the bridge reached a level beyond patch and repair. Accordingly, the Arkansas Highway and Transportation Department (AHTD), in collaboration with the City of Little Rock, allocated the required resources ($98.4M) to demolish and replace the bridge. Due to the age of the bridge site and the limited knowledge of the subsurface utility layout, it became clear that geotechnical work be done in order to map …

2017 Asc Bidding Competition – Heavy Civil, Shandy Holm, Kenneth Hunter, Kendra Jackson, Carlos Martinez, Jacob Nistler, Katherine Schuler

Proceedings of the Annual Montana Tech Electrical and General Engineering Symposium

We represent the 2017 Montana Tech Heavy Civil Team. Our senior design project consisted of competing in the Region 6 ASC (Associated Schools of Construction) Heavy Civil Bidding Competition in Sparks, Nevada. The competition required a full year of preparation. The fall semester was composed of planning, practicing, and gathering resources. The spring semester involved traveling to Sparks, Nevada, and performing in the competition. Preparing for the competition involved practice bids, where the team studied various aspects of heavy civil construction. Time was devoted to developing presentation skills, and different team bonding exercises encouraged unit cohesion. Finally, our preparation culminated …

Transportation Engineering: Traffic Control Simulator, Sarah V. Hernandez, Karla Diaz-Corro, Taslima Akter, Magdalena Asborno, Fu Durandal

Civil Engineering Teaching and Learning

The purpose of these lesson plans is to introduce students to traffic signalization basics. Students will be lead through a series of mini-lectures on traffic control and signalization including a discussion on the limitations and benefits of traffic signalization. The lesson plans compliment a computer simulation “game” in which students act as manual operators for a single up to four by four gridded intersection. Students attempt to control the progression of signals to understand the relationship between signal timing and user delay. Through experimentation with the simulation, students generate a presentation discussing the benefits and drawbacks of signal timing and …

Water, Sanitation And Hygiene In Rwamwanja Refugee Settlement, Katelyn Bergl

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

No abstract provided.

Quality Of Water In Relation To Diarrheal Disease Incidence In Obunga, Tianna Herman

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Kenyan cities are experiencing a serious dilemma in dealing with the large influx of people from rural parts of the country to the cities. Most people come to the city in pursuit of better opportunities and jobs. Rapid urban growth with little planning and preparation by the national and county governments has led to the development of informal settlements. These informal settlements are characterized by poor environmental conditions that predispose their residents for poor health conditions. Because of their illegal status, most residents of informal settlements in Kenya do not receive government services such as water, drainage, sewerage, and rubbish …

Solid Waste Management In The Developing World: The Role Of Local Government In Kisumu, Kenya, Rachel Schlueter

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

As the world becomes more urbanized, more waste is being produced. According to United Nations projections in 2014, 66% of the world’s population will be living in cities by 2050 with the majority of growth occurring in African cities. Managing urban waste in lower-middle income countries, such as Kenya, poses a particular challenge as income levels rise, municipal capacities are stretched, and foreign loans complicate accountability. This project sought to assess the practical role of local government when managing solid waste in the context of long-term development strategies. The objectives of this study are to first establish the current role …

Numerical And Experimental Studies On Coastal Marsh Erosion Under Hurricane Induced Wave And Current, Minhaz M. Shahriar

Doctoral Dissertations

Considering the past history and future risks of hurricanes in the USA, well understood storm protection plans are needed to shelter the important areas of the population and economy, especially within southeastern Louisiana. It is extensively assumed that marshes offer protection from hurricane though the degree of this protection is not well measured or understood due to the complex physics involved in this overall system. Moreover, marshes experience significant erosion while serving as a barrier for important areas. Consequently, a particular method to quantify the effects on marshes during a coastal hurricane period is necessary to mitigate major marsh loss. …

Implementing Online Updating To Complex Hysteresis Models In Real- Time Hybrid Simulation Using Constrained Unscented Kalman Filter, Bilal Ahmed Mohammed

Masters Theses

Although conventional experimental methods, such as quasi-static testing, shake table testing, etc., perform well to evaluate structural seismic performance necessary for modern seismic design, the quasi-static loading and/or reduced scale specimen used in shake table testing may not provide true dynamic responses of structural systems. To overcome these limitations, real-time hybrid simulation (RTHS) was developed, which is a combination of physical testing of the experimental substructure and analytical simulation of the numerical substructure. With the advancement of hybrid simulation, it is now possible to economically test large to full-scale specimens in laboratories at the real earthquake rate. Online model updating …

How Student Written Communication Skills Benefit During Participation In An Industry-Sponsored Civil Engineering Capstone Course, Ryan N. Fries, Bradford Cross, Jianpeng Zhou, Chad Verbais

SIUE Faculty Research, Scholarship, and Creative Activity

Because many engineering programs use capstone design courses and value strong communication abilities, authors sought to identify how student written communication skills changed because of industry-sponsored capstone design projects. A student exit survey was collected at the end of the capstone design course during faculty-led projects and projects led by practicing engineers in industry. These results led the researchers to subsequently evaluate two semesters of before-andafter writing samples using a rubric. Student surveys suggested a statistically significant increase in learning about professional issues, problem solving, and written/oral communication. Evaluation of student writing samples suggests that the students significantly improved their …

Inclusion Of An Introduction To Infrastructure Course In A Civil And Environmental Engineering Curriculum, Esmaeili Behzad, Philip J. Parker, Steven D. Hart, Brooke K. Mayer, Led Klosky, Michael R. Penn

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

Civil infrastructure refers to the built environment (sometimes referred to as public works) and consists of roads, bridges, buildings, dams, levees, drinking water treatment facilities, wastewater treatment facilities, power generation and transmission facilities, communications, solid waste facilities, hazardous waste facilities, and other sectors. Although there is a need to train engineers who have a holistic view of infrastructure, there is evidence that civil and environmental engineering (CEE) programs have not fully addressed this increasingly recognized need. One effective approach to address this educational gap is to incorporate a course related to infrastructure into the curriculum for first-year or second-year …

A Mechanistic-Empirical Impact Analysis Of Different Truck Configurations On A Jointed Plain Concrete Pavement (Jpcp), Lubinda F. Walubita, Tito P. Nyamuhokya, Stefan A. Romanoschi, Xiaodi Hu, Mena I. Souliman

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Until the last decade, the 1993 American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) design guide has been traditionally used for the design of flexible and rigid pavements in the USA and some parts of the world. However, because of its inability to meet the new traffic and material challenges, a Mechanistic Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) was introduced based on an NCHRP 1-37 A study conducted in 2004. This study used the MEPDG software and associated models to determine, through comparative truck damage analysis, the effects of nine different truck configurations on a 12 inch-jointed plain concrete pavement …

A Plastic Design Method For Rc Moment Frame Buildings Against Progressive Collapse, Hadi Faghihmaleki

Makara Journal of Technology

In this study, progressive collapse potential of generic 3-, 8- and 12-storey RC moment frame buildings designed based on IBC-2006 code was investigated by performing non-linear static and dynamic analyses. It was observed that the model structures had high potential for progressive collapse when the second floor column was suddenly removed. Then, the size of beams required to satisfy the failure criteria for progressive collapse was obtained by using the virtual work method; i.e., using the equilibrium of the external work done by gravity load due to loss of a column and the internal work done by plastic rotation of …

In Vitro Toxicity Evaluation Of Caffeine Imprinted Polymer (Caf-Mip) For Decaffeination Method On Normal Chang Liver Cells, Fatimah Hashim, Faizatul Shimal Mehamod, Naizatul Akmal Nawi

Makara Journal of Technology

Over consuming of caffeine is one of the factors to a few health problems such as insomnia, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. This preliminary study was conducted to evaluate the Caffeine-Imprinted Polymer (CAF-MIP) toxicity that was synthesized for a new alternative method for decaffeination. It is crucial to evaluate the toxicity of CAF-MIPas this product is potential to be used as complimentary with any drinks containing caffeine. In this study, the CAF-MIP toxicity potential was confirmed on Normal Chang Liver cell (NCLC) based on its IC50 value andacridine orange and propidium iodide (AO/PI) staining for mode of cell death observation.Proliferation assay …

Sorption And Ion Exchange Behaviour Of Natural Zeolite Packing, Chandra Wahyu Purnomo, Bernice Lenora, Wiratni Budhijanto, Hirofumi Hinode

Makara Journal of Technology

It is well known that zeolite is an efficient metal ions adsorbent. The excess charge of the zeolite building blocks i.e. (AlO4)-5 and (SiO4)-4 creating a negative surface charge that attract metal cations. Beside the surface charge, zeolite also has three dimensional pore structure and reasonably large surface area which also can be used as adsorption sites. Ease of cation uptake make it suitable for many process with adsorption and desorption application. This study was conducted to observe the sorption and ion exchange behaviour of zeolite-betonite rings toward iron and cobalt cations. The results shows that the adsorption patterns follow …

Semicoupled Modeling Of Interaction Between Deformable Tires And Pavements, Jaime Hernandez, Imad L. Al-Qadi

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

The interaction between deformable tires and pavements was studied using finite-element modeling and a semicoupled approach. Three finite-element models were used: (1) a hyperelastic tire rolling on an infinitely rigid surface; (2) a three-dimensional pavement model; and (3) a hyperelastic tire rolling on a deformable viscoelastic body. The tire and pavement models have been successfully compared with experimental measurements. Tire interaction with a rigid surface provided contact stresses to excite the pavement model, and results of the pavement model defined the boundary conditions of the tire rolling on the deformable body. After that, the pavement loaded with the contact stresses …

Correlating Strength And Stiffness Data Of The Pencel Pressuremeter And Triaxial Compression Tests In Florida Sands, Jacob William Jansen

Theses and Dissertations

The poorly graded sands found throughout Florida provide geotechnical engineers with a difficult challenge when performing testing samples in laboratory tests. These challenges have caused lab tests such as the triaxial compression test to be overlooked. Since geotechnical engineers estimate strength and stiffness parameters from basic field tests, they often produce overly conservative designs. Understanding how the automated in-situ PENCEL Pressuremeter (PPMT) test correlates with the triaxial compression test can reduce the time and costs associated with laboratory triaxial testing. Results from triaxial tests yield a Young’s Elastic Modulus, shear strength, and internal friction angle. Results from a PPMT test …

Encapsulation Process Of Propolis Extract By Casein Micelle Improves Sunscreen Activity, Muhamad Sahlan, Dara Dienayati, Darul Hamdi, Soraya Zahra, Heri Hermansyah, Malyn Chulasiri

Makara Journal of Technology

Propolis, a wax bee glue, have antioxidant activity and effective as broad spectrum UVB and UVA photoprotection sunscreens agent. To improve photoprotection activity in sunscreen cream, the propolis was encapsulated by casein micelle. The Indonesian propolis was extracted by ethanol and separated the wax by freeze precipitation. The extract was encapsulated by casein and reduced their size by ball mill homogenizer with the encapsulation efficiency about 80% and size of particles about 80 nm. The particles was applied in sunscreen cream, evaluate their stabillity and photoprotection activity Sun Protection Factor (SPF) spectrophotometer (Optometric 290s). The results shows that the selected …

Nano-Channels Early Formation Investigation On Stainless Steel 316ti After Immersion In Molten Pb-Bi, Abu Khalid Rivai, Mardiyanto Mardiyanto, Annette Heinzel

Makara Journal of Technology

Development of fuel cladding and structural materials in Pb-Bi environment, especially at high temperature, is a critical issue for the deployment of LFR (Lead alloy-cooled Fast Reactor) and ADS (Accelerator Driven Transmutation System). This is because of the corrosive characteristic of Pb-Bi to metals as constituent materials of fuel cladding and structural of the reactors. Corrosion test of a high-chromium austenitic stainless steel i.e. SS316Ti in molten Pb-Bi at 550 ºC has been carried out for about 300 hours continuously. The characterization using SEM-EDS (Scanning Electron Microscopy - Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy) showed that an iron oxide as the outer …

Synthesis Of Libob Fine Powder To Increase Solubility, Etty Marti Wigayati, Titik Lestariningsih, Christin Rina Ratri, Ibrahim Purawiardi, Bambang Prihandoko

Makara Journal of Technology

Lithium bis (oxalate) borate or LiBOB compound has captured interest of researchers, because it is potentially viable to be used as electrolyte salt in lithium-ion battery system. This compound is easy to synthesize and considered to be more environmentally friendly compared to conventional electrolyte salt because LiBOB does not contain halogen element. This research focused on the synthesis of LiBOB fine powder, which main purpose is improving LiBOB salt solubility in liquid electrolyte solution. This will aid the ion transfer between electrodes which in turn will increase the electrolyte performance. Solid state reaction was employed in this experiment. Synthesis of …