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Articles 1501 - 1530 of 2167
Full-Text Articles in Civil and Environmental Engineering
Control Force Estimation In Seismic Building Design, Xiaozhe Zhang, Franklin Y. Cheng
Control Force Estimation In Seismic Building Design, Xiaozhe Zhang, Franklin Y. Cheng
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This paper presents two approaches of estimating the control force magnitude in the building structure's seismic design. One is by spectrum average in frequency domain, and the other is by nondeterministic Monte Carlo analysis in time domain. the spectrum method is proposed to find the estimation by averaging the system's frequency response with an earthquake spectrum as a weighting factor. the nondeterministic method is based on sets of potential ground motions generated numerically. the approaches are developed in the concept of performance design, with studies based on the site potential seismic hazard and presenting results at different levels of displacement …
Modeling Permanent Deformation Of Unbound Granular Materials Under Repeated Loads, Cheng Chen, Louis Ge, Jiansheng Zhang
Modeling Permanent Deformation Of Unbound Granular Materials Under Repeated Loads, Cheng Chen, Louis Ge, Jiansheng Zhang
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Finite-element analysis on a pavement structure under traffic loads has been a viable option for researchers and designers in highway pavement design and analysis. Most of the constitutive drivers used were nonlinear elastic models defined by empirical resilient modulus equations. Few isotropic/kinematic hardening elastoplastic models were used but applying thousands of repeated load cycles became computationally expensive. in this paper, a cyclic plasticity model based on fuzzy plasticity theory is presented to model the long-term behavior of unbound granular materials under repeated loads. the discussion focuses on the model parameters that control long-term behavior such as elastic shakedown. the performance …
Special Issue On Modeling In Geotechnical Engineering For Design And Materials, R. A. Tarefder, D. H. Chen, Y. N. Ge
Special Issue On Modeling In Geotechnical Engineering For Design And Materials, R. A. Tarefder, D. H. Chen, Y. N. Ge
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
No abstract provided.
Finite Element Modeling Of A Field-Scale Shored Mechanically Stabilized Earth Wall, Cheng Chen, Louis Ge, Jia Sheng Zhang
Finite Element Modeling Of A Field-Scale Shored Mechanically Stabilized Earth Wall, Cheng Chen, Louis Ge, Jia Sheng Zhang
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The shored mechanically stabilized earth (SMSE) walls are typically used in steep terrain to allow construction of a new road or widening of an existing narrow-road by constructing the wall on the outboard of the roadway. the state-of-practice suggests a minimum bench width and MSE reinforcement length equivalent to seventy percent of the design height of the MSE wall. It has been shown recently that shorter reinforcement length is sufficient when the SMSE wall system is constructed, and the retaining benefits provided by the shoring component should be taken into consideration. in this paper, a finite element analysis is performed …
Simulation Prototyping Of An Experimental Solar House, Anna Osborne, Stuart Baur, Katie Grantham
Simulation Prototyping Of An Experimental Solar House, Anna Osborne, Stuart Baur, Katie Grantham
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
This paper presents a comparative analysis between an energy simulation model and an actual solar home. the case study used was the Team Missouri's 2009 Solar Decathlon entry. the home was evaluated using the predicted data developed with the use of Energy-10 Version 1.8. the software simulates the energy use performance of building strategies ranging from building envelope and system efficiency options. the performance data used was collected during the 2009 Solar Decathlon competition. Results comparing energy efficient strategies, consumption and generation are explored with future implications discussed. © 2010 by the authors.
High-Strength Selfconsolidating Concrete Girders Subjected To Elevated Compressive Fiber Stresses, Part 1: Prestress Loss And Camber Behavior, Jared E. Brewe, John J. Myers
High-Strength Selfconsolidating Concrete Girders Subjected To Elevated Compressive Fiber Stresses, Part 1: Prestress Loss And Camber Behavior, Jared E. Brewe, John J. Myers
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The design of prestressed concrete members is restricted by the requirement that the extreme compressive fiber stress at midspan of simply supported members be less than 60% of the concrete compressive strength at release of prestressing. the purported purpose of this limit is to address serviceability performance, but it places unnecessary limits on the capability of the materials. for this research program, six prestressed concrete girders were produced with high-strength self-consolidating concrete and subjected to compressive fiber stress levels ranging from 65% to 84% of the concrete compressive strength at release of prestressing. Time dependent concrete surface strains were measured …
Modeling Resilient Modulus Of Unbound Granular Materials Under Repeated Loading, Cheng Chen, Louis Ge, Jia Sheng Zhang
Modeling Resilient Modulus Of Unbound Granular Materials Under Repeated Loading, Cheng Chen, Louis Ge, Jia Sheng Zhang
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Resilient modulus of unbound granular materials is a key design parameter for mechanistic empirical pavement design. But the complexity of the affected factors has made it challenging and difficult for practical designers and researchers to find an appropriate model to describe the entire stress-strain response where the plastic deformation is accumulated during the repeated loading condition. a cyclic plasticity model based on fuzzy sets plasticity theory is presented in this paper to model the resilient modulus and permanent strain behavior of unbound granular materials under repeated loading. the concept of the fuzzy set plasticity is first introduced, followed by its …
Settlement Of Reinforced Subgrades Under Dynamic Loading, V. K. Puri, S. Kumar, B. M. Das, Shamsher Prakash, B. Yeo
Settlement Of Reinforced Subgrades Under Dynamic Loading, V. K. Puri, S. Kumar, B. M. Das, Shamsher Prakash, B. Yeo
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Model tests were conducted in the laboratory to study the settlement behavior of small size footing resting on geogrid reinforced sand layer and subjected to dynamic loads. Tests were conducted by first subjecting the footing to an initial sustained static load and then superimposing additional predetermined dynamic loads. the frequency of dynamic load was kept at 1 Hz which was well below the resonant frequency of the system. based on the observed test results, the nature of variation of the permanent settlement of the foundation with intensity of static loading and the amplitude of cyclic load are presented in this …
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Tests On Compacted Soil, David M. Weidinger, Louis Ge, Richard Wesley Stephenson
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Tests On Compacted Soil, David M. Weidinger, Louis Ge, Richard Wesley Stephenson
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
In This Paper, Results of a Series of Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Tests on Compacted Soil Were Presented and Discussed. Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Tests Provide Compression and Shear Wave Velocity Information that Can Be Used in Calculating Dynamic Elastic Moduli Such as Young's Modulus and Shear Modulus. from the Test Results, Calculated Poisson's Ratio Shows a Linear Relation with the Water Content in Compacted Soil, Which Leads to a Linear Trend in Both P and S Wave Velocity Against Water Content. Furthermore, Presenting Plots in Bulk Density Versus Wave Velocity Gives a Clearer Trend Than Dry Density Versus Wave Velocity. © …
Material Sustainability, Jessica Meadows, Natasha Morris
Material Sustainability, Jessica Meadows, Natasha Morris
Architectural Engineering
This paper addresses the sustainability of the materials used to construct buildings today. Timber, concrete and steel are analyzed for carbon output, cost, and recyclable-ability.
Design And Performance Of Load Bearing Shear Walls Made From Composite Rice Straw Blocks, Kevin Robert Camann
Design And Performance Of Load Bearing Shear Walls Made From Composite Rice Straw Blocks, Kevin Robert Camann
Master's Theses
Although rice straw and other grains have been used in building since pre-history, in the past two decades, there has been a move to utilize this rapidly renewable, locally available, agricultural byproduct as part of the sustainable construction movement. Up to this point, this has been done by simply stacking up the full straw bales. Stak Block, invented by Oryzatech, Inc., is a modular, interlocking block made of a composite of rice straw and binding agent that serves as an evolution in straw construction. This study investigates the feasibility of using these Stak Blocks as a structural system. The report …
Structural Damage Localization With Tolerance To Large Time Synchronization Errors In Wsns, Guirong Yan, Shirley J. Dyke, Wei Song, Gregory Hackmann, Chenyang Lu
Structural Damage Localization With Tolerance To Large Time Synchronization Errors In Wsns, Guirong Yan, Shirley J. Dyke, Wei Song, Gregory Hackmann, Chenyang Lu
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
With Recent Technological Advances in Smart Sensor Platforms, Structural Condition Monitoring Implementations based on Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) Have Received Considerable Attention. Modal Identification is an Integral Step in Many Structural Condition Monitoring Systems. However, Accurate Time Synchronization is Not Always Possible, Leading to Incorrect Identification of the Mode Shapes. Although Strict Time Synchronization of the Wireless Sensors Has Been Viewed as Crucial for the Identification of Mode Shapes, a New Perspective is Taken Herein. the Distortion in the Identified Mode Shapes is Characterized and Accommodated. Then the Resulting Mode Shapes Are Used with a Flexibility-Based Damage Detection Approach to …
Use Of In-Planta Solid Phase Sampling Devices To Delineate Voc Plumes, Joel Gerard Burken, Kendra Waltermire, Emily Sheehan
Use Of In-Planta Solid Phase Sampling Devices To Delineate Voc Plumes, Joel Gerard Burken, Kendra Waltermire, Emily Sheehan
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Plants Directly Interact with Surrounding Water, Air, and Soil, Collecting and Storing Chemicals and Elements from the Surrounding Environment. Two New and Innovative Sampling Methods in Which This Valuable Data Can Be Accessed to Replace as Well as Supplement Contaminated-Site Investigations Have Been Developed. When Determining the Extent of the Plume on a Contaminated Site, Groundwater Sampling May Be Limited Due to Time, Site Access, and Expense. by using New Techniques that Place Sampling Devices Inside the Trees on Site, We Can Sample Trees Naturally Occurring on a Contaminated Site or Those Planted in Phytoremediation or Redevelopment Efforts, Evaluate the …
Simulations Of Aquaculture Dissolved Waste Transport And Mixing In Near-Coastal Waters, S. K. Venayagamoorthy, O. B. Fringer, J. R. Koseff, R. L. Naylor
Simulations Of Aquaculture Dissolved Waste Transport And Mixing In Near-Coastal Waters, S. K. Venayagamoorthy, O. B. Fringer, J. R. Koseff, R. L. Naylor
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The present study focuses on understanding the transport and fate of dissolved waste from aquaculture pens in near-coastal environments using the hydrodynamic code SUNTANS, which employs unstructured grids to compute flows at very high resolution. We perform simulations of the dissolved waste field and study the effects of different flow conditions (tides and currents) on the evolution of the waste plume. The fish pen causes partial blockage of the flow, leading to the deceleration of the approaching flow and the formation of a downstream wake. Results of the concentration field for an oscillatory flow condition superimposed on a mean current …
Optimization Of Two-Way Post-Tensioned Concrete Floor Systems, Gaelyn B. Krauser
Optimization Of Two-Way Post-Tensioned Concrete Floor Systems, Gaelyn B. Krauser
Master's Theses
This thesis investigates a parametric study of a flat plate floor system designed using post-tensioning. The load balanced by the post-tensioning, the slab depth, and the strength of concrete were varied to create the parametric study of a hotel/condominium grid layout. In order to perform the parametric study, research was conducted on the development of post-tensioning, methods of analysis for two-way slab design, and post-tensioning methods of analysis. Design was conducted by hand through a series of Excel spreadsheets and compared to results found using the computer analysis program, ADAPT-PT. The designs found in the parametric study were then used …
Model For Reinforced Concrete Members Under Torsion, Bending, And Shear. Ii: Model Application And Validation, Gary Greene, Abdeldjelil Belarbi
Model For Reinforced Concrete Members Under Torsion, Bending, And Shear. Ii: Model Application And Validation, Gary Greene, Abdeldjelil Belarbi
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
A model was recently proposed for predicting the load-deformation response of a reinforced concrete member under torsion combined with bending and shear to spalling or ultimate. This paper shows the application of the model to create interaction surfaces to predict the failure of a member subjected to different ratios of applied torsion, bending, and shear. the model was validated by comparing the predicted and experimental behavior of 28 members from three experimental studies available in the literature. the members were loaded under torsion combined with different ratios of bending, and shear. the torque-twist behavior, reinforcement stress, and concrete surface strain …
Model For Reinforced Concrete Members Under Torsion, Bending, And Shear. I: Theory, Gary Greene, Abdeldjelil Belarbi
Model For Reinforced Concrete Members Under Torsion, Bending, And Shear. I: Theory, Gary Greene, Abdeldjelil Belarbi
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
A model has been developed that can predict the load-deformation response of a reinforced concrete (RC) member subjected to torsion combined with bending and shear to spalling or ultimate capacity. the model can also be used to create interaction surfaces to predict the failure of a member subjected to different ratios of applied torsion, bending, and shear. the model idealizes the sides of a reinforced concrete member as shear "wall panels." the applied loads are distributed to the wall panels as uniform normal stresses and uniform shear stresses. the shear stress due to an applied torsional moment and shear force …
Object-Oriented Building Extraction And Three-Dimensional Representation Of Building Temperatures In Indianapolis, U.S.A., Jing Han
All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations
With a rapid development of world population, urbanization has become an important issue in the past century and generated great pressure on the environment. In order to assist urban decision-makers to present, analyze, and solve related issues, accurate and timely spatial information is n~eded in urban areas. This research focused on building information extraction and the relationship analysis of buildings and temperatures in the downtown Indianapolis, IN. Through object-oriented classification, the image derived from LiDAR data was segmented into objects, and spectral, spatial, and textual attributes of objects were measured and selected to extract buildings. Moreover, each building's surface temperature …
Lignin And Lipid Impact On Sorption And Diffusion Of Trichloroethylene In Tree Branches For Determining Contaminant Fate During Plant Sampling And Phytoremediation, Gayathri Gopalakrishnan, Joel Gerard Burken, Charles J. Werth
Lignin And Lipid Impact On Sorption And Diffusion Of Trichloroethylene In Tree Branches For Determining Contaminant Fate During Plant Sampling And Phytoremediation, Gayathri Gopalakrishnan, Joel Gerard Burken, Charles J. Werth
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
Plants Draw All They Need from their Surrounding Environment and in Doing So Also Draw Anthropogenic Contaminants from their Surroundings. Several Natural Processes (E.g., Active Transport, Diffusion, Sorption, and Degradation) Occur within Trees and Affect Chemical Concentrations in Tree Samples. This Study Elucidates Tree Contaminant Chemical Interactions on Equilibrium Sorption and Diffusion into Branch Tissue (I.e., Wood Core and Bark), Specifically the Impacts of Lipid and Lignin Content. Five Tree Species Were Selected to Span a Range of Lignin and Lipid Contents. Linear Isotherms Were Obtained for All Sampled Species over a Limited Concentration Range (2 Μg/ ML < C Gas < 12 Μg/mL), and Equilibrium Distribution Coefficients (Kd) Were Linearly Correlated to Lipid (R2 > 0.83) But …
The Very Basics Of Sustainability - An Alternative Viewpoint (Slides With Audio) (Large File! To Speed Up Download, Right-Click On "Download" Link To Save To Own Pc.), Jim Mcgovern
Other resources
This presentation sets out the very basics of ‘sustainability’, although a definition of sustainability is not attempted. Some of the very basics are the context in which the Earth and humankind exist in space and time, the Earth’s climate, the Earth’s population and humankind’s options and choices. The author advocates keeping an open mind on all available options, including the use of oil, gas, coal, tar sands, carbon capture and sequestration, nuclear power etc., as well as the technologies that are more widely considered ‘green’. The author also argues that, in addressing the challenges that humankind faces, globally concerted effort …
Conference Review - 4th International Phytotechnologies Conference, Denver, Co, September 24-26, 2007, Jason C. White, Joel G. (Gerard) Burken
Conference Review - 4th International Phytotechnologies Conference, Denver, Co, September 24-26, 2007, Jason C. White, Joel G. (Gerard) Burken
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
No abstract provided.
Assessment Of The Embodied Co2eq In Buildings Towards A Sustainable Building Design And Construction, Adolf Acquaye, Aidan Duffy, Biswajit Basu
Assessment Of The Embodied Co2eq In Buildings Towards A Sustainable Building Design And Construction, Adolf Acquaye, Aidan Duffy, Biswajit Basu
Conference Papers
Research studies have shown that the initial energy embodied in a building can be as much as 67% of the operational energy over a 25 year period. With growing global concerns over material and resource consumption and the emissions of CO2 into the atmosphere, the energy embodied in buildings constructed in town and cities becomes important and one of the key issues that needs to be tackled in the design stages in order to strive towards sustainable buildings design. In this paper, a hybrid embodied carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2eq) methodology used to assess the CO2eq embodied in buildings is presented. …
Land Conservation And Land Use In New England: Trends, Challenges & Opportunities, Amanda Loomis, Tom Devine, Andrea Small, Brittany Howard, Brett Richardson, Stephanie Dulac
Land Conservation And Land Use In New England: Trends, Challenges & Opportunities, Amanda Loomis, Tom Devine, Andrea Small, Brittany Howard, Brett Richardson, Stephanie Dulac
Land Conservation
Sprawling development patterns accelerated across the New England landscape in the last three decades and consumed the region‘s forests, farms, and open spaces at an unprecedented rate. New England‘ers in all six states formed land trusts, supported statewide conservation organizations, and collaborated with state and federal partners to protect some of their most-prized recreation lands, wildlife habitats, and working lands. The current economic recession has slowed development pressures across the region and offers an opportunity to build on recent successes. The time is right to plan a coordinated New England conservation strategy that protects and links the region‘s natural assets. …
South Burlington Vt: New Urbanist South Village, Jack Kartez, Richard Barringer
South Burlington Vt: New Urbanist South Village, Jack Kartez, Richard Barringer
Planning
The 220 acre master plan for South Village, the largest project in the City of South Burlington’s history, encompasses multiple housing types and innovative provisions for affordable housing. It integrates housing with open space and natural resource conservation, including a major Community Supported Agriculture project developed by a nonprofit partner, the Intervale Foundation. While not a mixed-use project (that is, commercial as well as residential development), South Village nonetheless represents a qualitative change in approach for South Burlington by incorporating large-scale open space preservation as part of development and multiple housing-types in one project. The case study recounts events leading …
Why Is Fresh Self-Compacting Concrete Shear Thickening?, Dimitri Feys, Ronny Verhoeven, Geert De Schutter
Why Is Fresh Self-Compacting Concrete Shear Thickening?, Dimitri Feys, Ronny Verhoeven, Geert De Schutter
Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works
The Rheological Properties of Fresh Concrete Are Mostly Described by Means of the Bingham Model. for Self-Compacting Concrete, the Bingham Model is Applicable in a Lot of Cases, But Some Authors Report that the Rheological Behavior is Non-Linear. the Apparent Viscosity Increases with Increasing Shear Rate and the SCC Shows Shear Thickening Behavior. Shear Thickening Becomes Important in Operations Occurring at High Shear Rates, Like Mixing and Pumping. in These Cases, Shear Thickening Should Not Be Forgotten in Order to Avoid Breaking of the Mixer, Pump or Pipes. This Paper Will Describe Two Possible Theories for Shear Thickening Behavior of …