Chemical Engineering Commons^™

John Doe's Wallet And Jane Doe's Purse Look At Hometown Recycling And Energy Conservation, Charles P. Tryon, Sharon S. Tryon

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

A national shift from the use of virgin raw materials to greater use of recycled raw materials could significantly reduce our nation's energy needs. Local governments are slowly but increasingly establishing solid waste recycling programs, but they are commonly operated as "add ons" to the existing solid waste disposal system rather than being an integral part of it. The result is both energy and monetary waste, and the taxpayers have to pick up the bill. A case study from Rolla, Missouri, quantifies the energy conservation and monetary costs and benefits of a coordinated solid waste disposal-recycling system.

The Environmental Effects And Ecohomic Costs Of Solid Waste Energy Recovery, John P. Collins

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Environmental and economic impacts of solid waste energy recovery systems are discussed. Emphasis is given to the Navy Salvage Fuel Boiler facility in Norfolk, Virginia. Built in 1967, it is the first waterwall steam generating facility to use solid waste as a fuel in the United States. Nine years of operational data reflect national trends in energy recovery costs and environmental problems. Steam generation costs, environmental compliance costs and facility environmental impacts are discussed.

Thermal Processing Of Biomass Materials, Donald E. Garrett

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Biomass materials have been man's chief energy source throughout history, and with current and future energy shortages, attention is being turned toward their possibly again becoming an important energy source. The extensive literature on this subject is reviewed, and an analysis made of the current state of the art and future development work needed.

Economic Consequences Of The Energy Policy And Conservation Act, A. Bradley Askin, Richard L. Farman

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The Energy Policy and Conservation Act was signed into law during December 1976 after a year of debate between the Ford Administration and Congress over energy policy. The Act established a compromise 40 month phased decontrol program for domestic crude oil prices. This paper employs macroeconometric simulation techniques to assess the impacts that the decontrol pricing policy will have on energy sector demand and supply conditions and on the general economy through 1978.

The Realization Of An Educational Program For Improving Energy Efficiency In The Furniture Industry, Herbert M. Eckerlin, Albert S. Boyers

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

A new educational program in energy conservation has been developed by North Carolina State University for the furniture industry. This paper describes the development, implementation, and content of the program and presents some typical workshop problems applied to the furniture industry. Some measures of the effectiveness of this program are discussed and some important elements contributing to the success of the program are identified.

Energy Conversion Efficiency Versus Energy Utilization Effectiveness, Yildirim Omurtag, Donald A. Cline

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

This paper provides a brief outline of thermodynamics of energy conversion and efficiency concepts to establish a basis for the following argument that energy conversion is essentially a technical problem to be solved within the constraints of available technological know-how, whereas energy use effectiveness is largely a management problem which requires a somewhat different approach. An attempt is made to show that significant economic contributions can be made by improved management of energy use within the existing technological boundaries.

Design Of A Large Solar Heating System For A Campus Complex Of Buildings, John R. Schneider, Sherril F. Glover

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The design program is presented describing the world's largest central solar heating system developed for the Saudi Arabian Government. Domestic hot water and building space heating is provided for a campus complex of fourteen buildings. Feasibility studies through the final design are discussed.

Net Energy Analysis Theoretical And Methodological Considerations, David A. Huetter

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

This paper takes a critical look at net energy analysis beginning with a summary of its major assumptions and objectives and an examination of the important theoretical and methodological difficulties encountered in this new discipline. An economic, rationale is developed for placing a positive value- on environmental services provided man by nature even when the supply of these services exceeds demand. The author concludes that the value weights developed by net energy analysis contain little information of use to decision makers and that the vitally needed insights of environmentalists, ecologists, energy analysts, and others can and should be integrated into …

Energy Use And Technological Progress, C. E. Moody Jr.

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

In conclusion, the evidence seems to be consistent with the hypotheses that energy is not an omitted variable in the value added production function, that energy use is associated with but not a prerequisite for productivity growth, that technological progress can be energy saving as well as energy using, and that increasing output measured as real GNP can be achieved with a less than proportionate increase in energy use.

Prospecting And Developing Coal Reserves In The Western Interior Coal Region, Charles E. Robertson

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Increased coal production in the Western Interior Coal Region is anticipated. Development of coal resources in the region is, however, beset by some serious problems including thin seams, high sulfur content and dissection by pre-glacial and contemporaneous stream channels. Problems frequently encountered in prospecting and developing coal resources in the region are discussed.

The Conservation Of Space And Energy Through Use Of The Subsurface By Planned Excavation And Conversion Of Mined Areas, Truman Stauffer Sr.

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The use of subsurface space and especially the conversion of mined space into continuous tenure and occupance by uses secondary to the mining venture effects a direct conservation of energy in utilizing the natural rock matrix temperatures and an indirect conservation of energy in making dual use of a land resource. These savings are furthered when planning occurs at the time of the rock removal so as to leave the mined space easily adaptible to functional and continuous use as warehouses; offices, and factories.

A recent survey shows the continued expansion of underground development in the Kansas City area. This …

A Functional Form Analysis Of The Demand For Refined Petroleum Products, Albert L. Danielsen, Mangi L. Agarwal

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

This study uses the functional form technique of Box and Cox to explore the demand for gasoline, distillate fuel oil, and residual fuel oil.

Nrc And The States -- Partnership In Regulation, Richard T. Kennedy

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

No abstract provided.

National Energy Outlook, Implications Domestic Resource Utilization And Capital Requirements, Wilbur M. Jenny

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Capital requirements of the energy industries are drawn from: National Energy Outlook, 1976, by the Federal Energy Administration. A number of factors were considered in selecting assumptions relating to energy supply/demand; and particularly, energy prices.

Post World War Ii Crude Oil Prices: Collusive Or Competitive Pricing, Kern O. Kymn, Walter P. Page

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The study presents a crude oil market model explaining the trend in crude oil prices, 1945-1976. The competitiveness of the market is assessed in terms of this model.

Information Externalities And The Structure Of The Petroleum Exploration Industry, Alan D. Rockwood

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

This paper analyzes the structure and performance of the U. S. petroleum exploration industry. Particular attention is focused upon potential economies of scale and spillover benefits in the production of information. Data on market shares, production inputs, and ownership of unproven oil prospects are considered in this study. The effects of institutional arrangements, such as joint ventures, are evaluated in light of the information externalities and policy actions directed toward them.

Superconducting Energy Storage Development For Electric Utility Systems, T. D. Turner, H. J. Boenig, W. V. Hassenzahl

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

High load factors are desirabe goals for all electric utilities to reduce the total power generation cost. Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) technology has progressed to where it shows promise as an alternate energy storage method to pumped hydrostorage to improve electric utility load factors. Experiments at the Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory indicate that a SMES system responds quickly (i.e. in milliseconds) to power system demand and has a high energy storage efficiency. The next generation superconductors suitable for larger SMES units are discussed, component and system test results are presented and some energy storage experiments of a 100-kJ coil …

The Role Of The Crbrp In Meeting The Nation's Energy Requirements, Donald R. Riley

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

For over two decades the United States has been conducting research and development on the breeder reactor concept - - - an advanced reactor that breeds or produces more nuclear fuel than it consumes. The Clinch River Breeder Reactor Plant (CRBRP) is the nation's first large scale breeder designed to demonstrate the feasibility of producing electricity for commercial consumption. This paper reports on the current status of the CRBRP and its important role in meeting the nation's energy requirements.

RoemmcR Burner: High Ash Solid Fuel Combustion System, John L. Stafford

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Many solid waste disposal problems have been lately recognized as fuel sources. Few of these potential fuels are normally available in a clean (low ash), dry state, and those that do demand premium price. The ROEMMCr Burner system provides fuel preparation (drying and size reduction) and combustion with dry ash separation (no slag). Technologies developed for earlier solid combustion systems are combined with inertial separation of solid-gas mixtures and applied to the energy recovery from inexpensive solid residue. Operational performance data are presented.

Hazardous Wastes And Energy Recovery, Joseph Eigner, Mark M. Clark

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

An estimate of the energy potentially recoverable from waste oils, solvents, and other hazardous wastes is presented, along with a discussion of some of the technical, environmental, and Institutional barriers to energy recovery. A suggestion is made that electric utility furnaces with their high temperature and reliable operation might be used to safely destroy certain hazardous wastes. Other hazardous wastes may have to be carefully excluded from planned refuse derived fuel projects.

Modular Incinerator Energy Recovery Systems The Siloam Springs Experience, Jimmie Pearson

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The City of Siloam Springs, Arkansas has installed and is operating an 18 ton per day solid waste disposal facility with associated energy recovery equipment. The solid waste system serves a population of 8000 and provides steam for a local food processing plant. Natural gas amounting to 1 MCF per ton is used for auxiliary fuel. Energy recovery capacity is 90000 pounds of steam per day at 100 to 150 PSIG.

The Midwest Energy Perspective, Robert H. Bauer

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

No abstract provided.

Energy Conservation Opportunities For Residential Buildings, Jerold W. Jones

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Residential energy use represents 22% of our national energy consumption. A number of recent studies have indicated that this use could be reduced by 30% without adversely affecting occupant comfort or convenience. Thus, there is increasing emphasis on the implementation of conservation measures in the residential sector. However, the majority of homeowners are still unable to confidently determine which of the many conservation options available will provide a reasonable return on their investment and significantly reduce their energy consumption. Consumers have been confronted with criticism for the use of small electric appliances at one extreme and overzealous promises as to …

Comparative Residential Energy Consumption And Fuel Costs With Various Types Of Systems: Oil-, Gas-, Electric-Furnaces And Heat Pumps, Ronald Hunter Howell, Harry J. Sauer Jr.

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

The electric air-to-air heat pump for residential heating offers an economic alternative to systems traditionally used extensively for home heating, such as, oil or gas fired furnaces and electric resistance heat. This simulation analysis showed that using 1976 mid- Missouri fuel costs, an oil fired furnace was the least expensive to operate of the three traditional type residential heating units. LP gas heating was 19% higher than oil heat while electric resistance heating was 26% higher in cost than oil. The typical air-to- air heat pumps showed a 29% reduction in the heating bill when compared to an oil furnace.

Solar Energy Utilization And Resource Recovery Application In Space Heating, Panos Kokoropoulos, Raghupathy Bollini

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

This paper describes a hybrid system consisting of solar flat plate collectors and resource recovery system which is being proposed for space heating of a moderate sized building. The procedure for calculating the size of the solar system is outlined. Methane produced from the university's wastewater treatment plant is used for supplementary heat for space heating and for waste reduction. The use of such a hybrid system results in the conservation of significant amounts of fossil fuels. Economics of the proposed system are also outlined.

Developing An Experimental Oil Shale Mine, Stephen Utter

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

As part of their Energy Research and Development Program, the Bureau of Mines is developing an experimental oil shale mine facility in the central Piceance Creek Basin of northwestern Colorado.

This paper describes the results of their exploration program and hydrological investigation, the preliminary mine layout, and plans for the large-diameter bored shaft.

A Solar Energy System For Domestic Hot Water, Thomas J. Mcnamara

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

To help reduce natural gas consumption and operating costs a domestic hot water heating solar energy system is to be retrofitted and integrated into the existing conventional mechanical systems. This installation would not only provide substantial fuel cost savings to the Museum, but it would also provide a means of showing and explaining the operation of an actual working solar energy system to the large number of daily visitors to the Museum. This report explains the design, operation and performance of that solar energy system.

Snupps Spare Parts Philosophy, Mel Sanazaro

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

SNUPPS, Standardized Nuclear Unit Power Plant offers an opportunity for development of a unique spare part philosophy.

The Loss-Of-Fluid Test (Loft) Facility, G. D. Mcpherson

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

LOFT is a well instrumented scaled model of a commercial pressurized water reactor. It is designed to study the behavior of engineered safety systems such as emergency core cooling systems during reactor accident conditions. This paper describes LOFT, the current nonnuclear experiment series and the forthcaning nuclear experiments. Significant nonnuclear experimental results are reported.

Agronomic Potential For Biomass Production, C. J. Nelson

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Plant biomass may be an economic means of harvesting and storing solar energy. present day agricultural practices, however, do not allow maximum biomass production in the primary sense, or as crop residue. Biomass production is closely related to photosynthetic potential of single leaves in a complete canopy. New developments in crop selection and culture may allow more efficient canopies and photosynthetic rates. Genetic improvement in vegetative growth as well as grain or economic product would increase production potential for both fuel crops and crop residues. Long range agronomic considerations on also need to be considered.