Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering Commons^™

Machine Embroidery Of Light-Emitting Textiles With Multicolor Electroluminescent Threads, Seungse Cho, Taehoo Chang, Tianhao Yu, Sunland L. Gong, Chi Hwan Lee

Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund

Advances in electroluminescent threads, suitable for weaving or knitting, have opened doors for the development of light-emitting textiles, driving growth in the market for flexible and wearable displays. Although direct embroidery of these textiles with custom designs and patterns could offer substantial benefits, the rigorous demands of machine embroidery challenge the integrity of these threads. Here, we present embroiderable multicolor electroluminescent threads—in blue, green, and yellow—that are compatible with standard embroidery machines. These threads can be used to stitch decorative designs onto various consumer fabrics without compromising their wear resistance or light-emitting capabilities. Demonstrations include illuminating specific messages or designs …

Assessing The Relationship Between Contralateral Limb Synergy And Rock Climbing Efficiency, Jeromy Miramontes

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Rock climbing is a total body sport testing the mental and physical capabilities of athletes. Efficiency of movement can improve the ability of climbers to perform at a higher capacity and reduce the risk of injury. Data on the relationship between the continuous relative phase (CRP) of contralateral joint rotations and time to completion of a bouldering move are ways to assess rock climbing. This study aimed to assess this relationship, as well as the geometric entropy (GE) of the center of mass displacement when completing the bouldering move, and the metabolic efficiency over 4 min of bouldering. The study …

An Automated On-The-Go Unloading System Reduces Harvest Operator Stress Relative To Manual Operation, Travis A. Burgers, Kusha Kamarei, Mukund Vora, Matthew Horne

Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

On-the-go unloading improves harvest operational efficiency, but it requires skilled labor because it is challenging and stressful to balance numerous concurrent tasks. Harvest automation reduces workload, stress, and fatigue. The objective of this study was to determine if using a commercially available, automated on-the-go unloading system (Raven Cart Automation TM , RCA, Raven Industries) would reduce operator stress com- pared to manual operation. Nine grain cart tractor operators and six combine operators participated in this study. Operators performed their typical harvest operation, except to alternate on-the-go unloading using RCA or operating manually. Skin conductance (elec- trodermal activity) was measured with …

Evaluation And Modulation Of The Circadian Clock In Human Keratinocytes And Epidermal Skin, William Harold Cvammen Iv

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The circadian clock is a fundamental biological mechanism that regulates various physiological processes, including DNA repair, to synchronize with the day-night cycle. In human skin, exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light poses a significant challenge, inducing DNA damage that must be efficiently repaired to maintain genomic integrity and prevent carcinogenesis. This study delved into the complex interplay between the circadian clock, UV light exposure, DNA repair, and modulation of circadian transcriptional machinery in human skin. Initially, we examined the transcriptomic profile of the circadian clock in humans through in silico-based approaches and in vivo studies, revealing that core clock gene expression …

A 3d Dlt View Correction Tool For Manual Digitizing: A Cross-Platform Application For Correcting Shifted Image Coordinates Prior To Object Coordinate Reconstruction, William Moynihan

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

While 3D direct linear transformation is a versatile motion capture method, care must be taken so that the cameras are not bumped or adjusted between the object space calibration phase and the end of video recording. Disturbing the cameras during this time will misalign the view, making the movement data invalid for the associated calibration. The purpose of this study was to design and validate a cross-platform software application for transforming image coordinates from a bumped camera to be compatible with the object space calibration and to determine the relationship between reconstruction error and changes to bumped camera views.

For …

Investigating The Role Of Anesthesia In Radiation Therapy, William Walter Daley

ENGS 88 Honors Thesis (AB Students)

Purpose:

Cancer claims 7.6 million lives worldwide annually, affecting millions more. Conventional (CONV) radiation therapy (RT) is a key weapon in the oncological arsenal. A novel mode of radiation delivery, utilizing ultra-high dose rates (UHDR), is associated with enhancing the RT therapeutic ratio by selectively sparing normal tissue without sparing tumor tissue. However, there are many roadblocks to the clinical implementation of UHDR RT —namely the lack of standardization of experimental conditions and the inconsistency of published and unpublished results. This thesis investigates variables that affect preclinical biological outcomes to radiation.

Materials/Methods:

Eight groups of 10 C57BL/6 mice were stratified …

Satisfaction And Absenteeism To Lectures:Cross-Sectionnel Study Of Dental Students, Manal El Hijazi, Soundouss Soulami, Ihsane Benyahya

Health Sciences

Introduction: Lectures are still the main pedagogical tool in universities. The aim of this study was to evaluate student satisfaction with lectures and to analyze the factors behind student absenteeism.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among dental student by a voluntary, anonymous self-administered questionnaire with open and closed question. Statistical analysis was performed by SPSS version 25 and the Chi2 test was used to compare percentages, with a significance level of p

Optimal Additive Fabrication Of Patient-Specific Bone Tissue Scaffolds Through Material Formulation, Computational Flow Simulation, And Material Deposition Monitoring, Ethan O’Malley

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The advancement of additive manufacturing technologies has opened new avenues for fabricating biocompatible and structurally functional bone tissue scaffolds, essential in treating osseous fractures, defects, and diseases. This research aims to develop mechanically strong, dimensionally precise, and patient-specific porous bone tissue scaffolds that provide both structural integrity and biological functionality. Through three interconnected studies, several key challenges in the fabrication of these structures using the PME additive manufacturing process are addressed. First, the influence of polysaccharide and hydroxyapatite concentrations on the compressive modulus of PME-printed porous scaffolds is investigated. By creating structures with varying hydroxyapatite and polysaccharide compositions, the study …

Inflammatory Protein Elicitation In Response To Whole-Body Vibration Exposure, Nicholas Miller

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

This study aimed to assess the effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) on the brain through changes in blood protein concentrations, seat and head accelerations, and symptomatology over time. Subjects were assigned to control, 1-hour, or 8-hour vibration exposure groups. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S100B concentrations were measured. Root mean square average weighted vibration (A_ws), vibration dose value (VDV), and seat-to-head transmissibility (STHT) were calculated. There were no differences in GFAP (p = 0.79) or S100B (p = 0.97) concentrations between 1-hour and 8-hour subjects (p = 0.79). Average weighted head acceleration (p …

Numerical Design, Fabrication, And Characterization Of Porous Tissue Scaffolds For Bone Regeneration, Brandon Coburn

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

With the recent advancements within biomedical engineering of bone tissue scaffolds, there is still a need to develop mechanically robust and biocompatible with low immunogenicity for bone regeneration. Additionally, the evaluation of the fluid dynamics of the porous Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces (TPMS) bone scaffold also shows the need for investigation due to the complex fluid interaction of hemodynamics that occurs with the scaffold internal and external domains. To aid in the development of treating bone fractures, defects, and diseases. Furthermore, with the induction of a wide variety of TPMS architecture that yields different topologies, the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) …

Strain-Dependent Activity-Stability Relations In Ruo2 And Iro2 Oxygen Evolution Catalysts, Payal Chaudhary, Alexandra Zagalskaya, Herbert Over, Vitaly Alexandrov

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering: Faculty Publications

Strain engineering is an effective strategy in modulating activity of electrocatalysts, but the effect of strain on electrochemical stability of catalysts remains poorly understood. In this work, we combine ab initio thermodynamics and molecular dynamics simulations to examine the role of compressive and tensile strain in the interplay between activity and stability of metal oxides considering RuO₂ and IrO₂ as exemplary catalysts. We reveal that although compressive strain leads to improved activity via the adsorbate-evolving mechanism of the oxygen evolution reaction, even small strains should substantially destabilize these catalysts promoting dissolution of transition metals. In contrast, our results …

A Smart Energy-Efficient Hybrid Gait Monitoring System, Elsa Joy Harris

CGU Theses & Dissertations

Triboelectric nanogenerators are devices that harvest mechanical energy from the environment and turn it into electricity. By coupling the effect of contact electrification and electrostatic induction between two materials that come into contact and then separate they can convert the irregular, low frequency, waste biomechanical energy of human motion into useful electrical energy to run small body-worn electronics. This has shown promising results in multiple applications such as self-powered motion and haptic sensing, self-charging micro-storage devices, neuromorphic computing, and designing batteryless circuits to power small wearables. This work will investigate a smart energy-efficient hybrid gait monitoring system that is powered …

Long-Term Simulation Of Stem Cell Mechanobiology, Manoochehr Rabiei

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dissertations - Archive

An accurate representation of cellular mechanobiology necessitates the inclusion of subcellular elements characterized by minute masses and dimensions. These minute objects yield multiscale dynamic models with disproportionate terms, which require inordinate amounts of computational time to simulate. The computational requirements limit the time span of the simulation to time histories shorter than one second, even when employing supercomputers. This work presents a high-speed approach to simulating the mechanobiology of stem cells. The proposed approach separates the computational time from the size, and distribution, of masses of the subcellular elements, enabling the simulation of weeks-long cellular processes within hours on a …

Human System Composite Performance Measures: General Systems Performance Theory Insights, Lawrence Disalvi

Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive

Composite Performance Measures (CPMs) of human performance are widely employed in applications that range from mundane to life-changing, yet they are frequently presented without explanation or reference to theoretical underpinnings. The conceptual soundness of a widely used CPM approach, based on additive combination of constituent components, has been called into question by Kondraske. He argues the relevance of General Systems Performance Theory (GSPT) and performance capacity envelope concepts when applied to multidimensional CPM measures.

To obtain evidence-based answers to assertions regarding CPM types and rationale employed in medical and non-medical contexts, a Systematic Descriptive Review was conducted. Separately, the GSPT-based …

Algorithm Development For Analysis Of Optical Time-Series Data Generated By Biomodal Optical-Electrical Nanopore Sensor, Yu-Shiuan Huang

Bioengineering Theses - Archive

Nanopore biosensors have played an essential role in the scientific investigation of DNA, RNA, proteins, and other bio-analytes. Traditional nanopore biosensors detect variations in electrical current conductance caused by the analyte blocking the current passing transiently through a nano-sized aperture, i.e., the nanopore. This electrical data provides information about the amount of current blockage when the analyte is inside the nanopore and the time it takes for analytes to travel through the nanopore (translocation time). The translocation time of analytes in standard nanopore measurements is typically very short, usually tens of microseconds, limiting the accuracy of measuring the analytes’ characteristics. …

Computational And Experimental Analysis Of Silica Nanoparticles Under Dc And Ac Electric Fields Using A Self-Induced Back Action Actuated Nanopore Electrophoresis (Sane) Sensor, Homayoun Asadzadeh, Scott Renkes, George Alexandrakis, Minjun Kim, Scott Turpin

Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive

In this dissertation I have studied a novel single-molecule nanosensor that integrates a Solid-State Nanopore (SSNP), milled in silicon nitride with a Double Nanohole (DNH) nanoaperture, milled in gold. This device leverages Self-Induced Back-Action (SIBA) for optical trapping with ssNP electrical sensing and is called the SIBA-Actuated Nanopore Electrophoresis (SANE) sensor. My lab has previously shown that simultaneous acquisition of bimodal optical and direct current (DC) electrical signatures enables more detailed characterization of nanoscopic analytes compared to using electrical data alone, which are typically collected by ssNP sensors. In this work I have first studied by COMSOL Multiphysics simulations the …

Spray-On Sensor Formulations That Enable Detection Of Physical And Chemical Stimuli, Priyanka Shiveshwarkar

Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive

Polydiacetylene based materials have been used for a variety of liquid phase sensing applications. There remains a need for low cost, easy-to-read gas phase sensors for continuous monitoring of physiological parameters and environmental hazards at work or at home. Such sensors could have applications in everyday life, for example as point-of-care or at home testing devices to enable early detection of disease to reduce healthcare costs. Making accessible and non-invasive technologies for monitoring of health and health risks provides individuals with the ability to be proactive in regard to their health and safety. In other examples, environmental monitoring systems could …

Development Of Anti-Microbial Nanocoatings On Metallic Surfaces To Prevent Infections, Luis Fernando Soto Garcia

Bioengineering Dissertations - Archive

Healthcare-associated infections have a prevalence of about 7% in the United States and up to 50% in some developing nations. They not only present a constant risk for inpatients and healthcare workers but are also a serious challenge to human health services worldwide. These infections can be transmitted via contaminated non-critical surfaces like doorknobs and bedrails, which are routinely cleaned with low-level disinfectants approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. However, this strategy has limited efficacy since recontamination occurs, resulting in these surfaces again becoming vectors of infection. In this work, we addressed this issue by developing a self-disinfecting nanocomposite …

Implementing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles To Collect Human Gait Data At Distance And Altitude For Identification And Re-Identification, Donn E. Bartram

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Gait patterns are a class of biometric information pertaining to the way a person moves and poses. Gait information is unique to each person and can be used to identify and reidentify people. Historically, this task has been achieved through the use of multiple ground-based imaging sensors. However, as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) advance, they present the opportunity to evolve the process of persons identification and re-identification. Collecting human gait data using UAVs at distances ranging from 20m to 500m and altitudes ranging from 0m to 120m is a challenging task. The current biometric data collection methods, primarily designed for …

The Effects Of Bilateral Stimulation On Motor Learning, Shania Rehmudin

Dissertations and Theses

Motor learning is a set of complex processes aimed at learning and refining new skills by practicing them. There are three proposed stages of motor learning: cognitive, associative, and autonomous. While all stages are crucial, research suggests that the cognitive stage holds particular significance, laying the foundational groundwork for effective skill acquisition. Although research has explored many innovative ways to facilitate motor memory, to our knowledge, none has explored the optimization of motor skill learning through manipulating the focus of attention using bilateral stimulation. Therefore, this study explored the effects of bilateral stimulation on squat skill acquisition. Nineteen (19) subjects, …

Mivt: Medical-Informed Vision Transformer For Early Epilepsy Diagnosis, Md Masum Rana

Dissertations and Theses

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures, and early diagnosis is crucial for effective management and treatment. However, the diagnosis of epilepsy, particularly in its early stages, remains challenging due to the subtle nature of seizures and the complexity of brain activity patterns. In this research, we introduce the Medical-Informed Vision Transformer (MIVT), a deep learning architecture specifically designed to improve early epilepsy diagnosis from multimodal neuroimaging data. Our model integrates insights from both medical knowledge and state-of-the-art Vision Transformers (ViTs) to enhance the accuracy and interpretability of seizure detection and localization. The MIVT leverages the rich …

Balloon Model For Water Vapor Ablation Of Non-Muscular Invasive Bladder Cancer Cells, Jennifer Mussell

Dissertations and Theses

Bladder cancer has a considerable issue with multiple recurrences of tumors, and current treatments are unable to adequately address these concerns. This results in continuous surveillance. Ablation, or killing, of bladder cancer cells is often incomplete and results in a high probability of recurrence. This paper aims to evaluate a potential method of ablation using a model that simulates a bladder and what conditions are needed for optimal quality and depth penetration. This balloon model for water vapor ablation is intended to simulate bladder cancer cells and determine if this is a viable avenue for future research. A device from …

Development Of A Modular Lab Automation System With Applications To Animal And Bacteria Cell Culture, Timothy William Hartman

Dissertations and Theses

The challenges faced while executing wet lab protocols encourage the development of automation systems to come alongside human scientists. Today’s cutting-edge experiments involve complex protocols with precise measurements usually performed manually. Even simpler biological protocols can be tedious and prone to error, as was seen during the COVID-19 pandemic and society’s demand for high-volume, rapid sample analysis. Moreover, reproducibility suffers when there is excessive variability and insufficient data. Here, we leveraged the Stanford Biodesign process to develop a modular lab automation system and image analysis workflow to address challenges like these. This flagship automation platform at The University of South …

Biom 3710: Physiological Systems And Modeling (Syllabus), Stephen Strain

Biomedical Engineering Syllabi Archive

Course Description: Fundamentals of control theory and mathematical modeling and analysis as applied to physiological systems.

Biom 4802/6802: Assertion-Evidence Model For Presentations In Engineering And Science (Syllabus), Amber Jennings

Biomedical Engineering Syllabi Archive

Course Description: This course will provide training and practice in delivering scientific presentations to diverse audiences. Students will design and deliver presentations of scientific data for different audience categories.

Biom 7904: Ultrasound Imaging Technology (Syllabus), Carl Herickhoff

Biomedical Engineering Syllabi Archive

Course Description: This course will introduce students to a variety of current and emerging methods in ultrasound imaging. Concepts will be grounded in fundamental physical principles (acoustic waves, piezoelectric transduction, diffraction, scattering) and progress to methods of array beamforming, k-space representation, and imaging system architecture. Ultrasound nonlinearity, bioeffects, safety metrics, as well as Doppler (flow), harmonic, contrast-enhanced, and elastography imaging methods will also be introduced. Students will have the opportunity to observe ultrasound experiments and perform ultrasound imaging on an abdominal phantom.

Development And Application Of Guided Mode Resonance Biosensor Platforms For Highly Sensitive And Real-Time Cell Killing Assays, Seyedmohsen Vaziri

Electrical Engineering Dissertations - Archive

In this work, we developed and investigated the cancer cell killing efficacy of different instances using real-time high-sensitivity measurements facilitated by Guided-Mode Resonance (GMR) sensors. The GMR biosensor technology detects shifts in the spectral peak caused by changes in the refractive index of the surrounding medium, offering a label-free method for monitoring cellular events.

A549 cell line wild type and HER2 knockout (lung cancer cells) were exposed to different concentrations of Triton X-100 and ADC (Herceptin with αHFc-CL-DMDM). The GMR-based cell killing assay demonstrated exceptional sensitivity and specificity, with shifts in wavelength exhibiting a robust correlation with cell viability and …

Strategies To Mitigate Efflorescence In Walls Constructed Using Clays Bricks; A Review Article, Marwa Abdulkareem. Anber, Soran Abdulrahman Ahmad, Naros Rahman Mahmoud, Kawan Fuoad. Kayani, Mohammed Ali Abdulrehman

Al-Esraa University College Journal for Engineering Sciences

_{The construction of buildings, especially residential housing for communities, is a significant industry on a global scale. Masonry units such as bricks, blocks, and stones are often utilized materials. Bricks are highly regarded because to their widespread availability, cost-effectiveness, and excellent insulating capabilities. Nevertheless, the presence of efflorescence presents a difficulty in the construction of brick walls. Efflorescence refers to the process in which salts move to the outer layer of the brick, resulting in the formation of white deposits and negatively impacting its visual appeal. Efflorescence is caused by various circumstances, such as the existence of salts in bricks, …}

Biom 2720: Experimental Design And Analysis For Biomedical Engineering (Syllabus), Stephen Strain

Biomedical Engineering Syllabi Archive

Description: Application of probability, statistics, error analysis, uncertainty in design and performance of biomedical engineering experimentation; discussion and evaluation of common experimental designs for medical device development.

Biom 4720/6720: Bioelectricity (Syllabus), Amy Curry

Biomedical Engineering Syllabi Archive

Course Description: Bioelectricity, including calculations of potential fields resulting from cardiac or neural electrogeneration; treatment of how heart and nerves generate and propagate electrical signals.